CN115981379A - Orientation self-adaptive control photovoltaic module based on sun irradiation direction - Google Patents
Orientation self-adaptive control photovoltaic module based on sun irradiation direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN115981379A CN115981379A CN202310023765.6A CN202310023765A CN115981379A CN 115981379 A CN115981379 A CN 115981379A CN 202310023765 A CN202310023765 A CN 202310023765A CN 115981379 A CN115981379 A CN 115981379A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module with self-adaptive control of orientation based on solar irradiation direction, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules. The invention comprises an irradiation direction acquisition device, an orientation control mechanism and a photovoltaic module; the irradiation direction acquisition device acquires the orientation angle closest to the irradiation direction of the solar rays in real time; data analysis and screening are carried out through the microprocessor, and the closest orientation angle data is judged; and then the orientation control mechanism is controlled by the microprocessor to adjust the photovoltaic module to be opposite to the orientation angle of the sun. According to the invention, the sunlight irradiation with the optimal illumination intensity is obtained by the photovoltaic module in real time by collecting the orientation angle with the optimal illumination intensity, so that the generated energy of the photovoltaic module is improved and the advantage of higher power generation efficiency compared with the existing photovoltaic module is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a photovoltaic module with orientation self-adaptive control based on a solar irradiation direction.
Background
In the field of power generation by clean energy, solar photovoltaic power generation is one of important ways for energy conservation and environmental protection; the current photovoltaic power generation panel is only fixed in orientation or only adjusted in a unidirectional rotation manner; the orientation of the sun in a day period of the same region is changed in real time, and the orientation data of the sun is also changed in real time; in the same region, along with the change of seasons, the orientation data of the sun at the position can also correspondingly change; thus, a problem arises in that it is relatively difficult to collect solar orientation data. Data information of relatively close sun orientations cannot be acquired, so that the power generation panel of the photovoltaic module cannot be controlled to face the sun in the forward direction, and the optimal illumination intensity cannot be obtained; thus, the power generation rate, the sunlight utilization rate and the total power generation amount are reduced. With the wide application of photovoltaic power generation technology, the waste of light energy caused by the photovoltaic power generation technology is becoming larger and larger, and huge resource waste is caused.
In order to improve the efficiency and the power generation capacity of photovoltaic power generation, the design is often needed so that the plane where the power generation panel of the photovoltaic module is located can be always perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the solar rays in real time, so that the light energy is utilized to the maximum extent, and the power generation rate and the total power generation capacity are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical deficiencies, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module with adaptive control of orientation based on solar irradiation direction, which can acquire the orientation angle with the best illumination intensity through an irradiation direction acquisition device, and can read out the orientation data information of the position when a microprocessor screens out the highest data, so as to adjust the panel of the photovoltaic module to the orientation of the irradiation direction of the closest solar ray through an orientation control mechanism, so that the photovoltaic module obtains the sunlight irradiation with the best illumination intensity in real time, thereby improving the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module and obtaining the advantage of higher power generation efficiency compared with the existing photovoltaic module.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention provides a photovoltaic module with self-adaptive control of orientation based on solar irradiation direction, which comprises an irradiation direction acquisition device for acquiring the irradiation direction of solar rays, an orientation control mechanism for controlling the orientation angle of the photovoltaic module and the photovoltaic module for generating power by utilizing light energy. The irradiation direction acquisition device comprises a single light ray direction acquisition unit and an installation frame body; the single light direction acquisition unit comprises a linear tubule and an illumination intensity sensor; the tube wall of the linear tubule is made of opaque materials, and the purpose of the opaque materials is to avoid the interference of light rays outside the linear tubule on the internal illumination intensity sensor as much as possible, so that the accuracy of acquiring the illumination intensity is improved; and an illumination intensity sensor is fixed at the bottom of the linear type thin tube. The single light direction acquisition units are distributed on the installation frame body in a spherical manner; all the illumination intensity sensors are electrically connected with the microprocessor; the microprocessor compares the illumination intensity data collected by all the illumination intensity sensors, and screens out the highest data, namely the linear tubule where the illumination intensity sensor corresponding to the highest data is located is closest to the irradiation direction of the solar rays. The microprocessor is electrically connected with the control module in the orientation control mechanism, so that the microprocessor can adjust the panel of the photovoltaic module to be perpendicular to the direction of the corresponding linear tubule through the orientation control mechanism. Wherein the inner pipe wall of the straight thin pipe is uniformly coated with black paint; the inner pipe wall of the linear type tubule is coated with the black paint, so that the absorbance of the inner pipe wall of the linear type tubule is improved as much as possible, the interference degree of reflected light of the inner pipe wall to the illumination intensity sensor is reduced, and the collection accuracy is improved.
Preferably, the mounting frame body comprises a spherical cover and a mounting leg; mounting holes are uniformly formed in the surface of the spherical cover; the central lines of the mounting holes pass through the spherical center of the spherical cover; the central lines of the mounting holes all pass through the center of the spherical cover, so that the orientation of each mounting hole on the surface of the spherical cover is different; when the collected illumination intensity data is the highest, the corresponding orientation data is closest to the illumination direction of the solar rays.
Preferably, the mounting frame body comprises a sector piece of a quarter-sphere shell and a mounting bracket; mounting holes are uniformly formed in the surface of the fan-shaped sheet; the central lines of the mounting holes pass through the spherical center of the spherical shell; the central lines of the mounting holes pass through the center of the spherical shell, so that the orientation of each mounting hole on the surface of the spherical shell is different; when the collected illumination intensity data is the highest, the corresponding orientation data is closest to the illumination direction of the solar ray.
The orientation data mainly comprises two items of data; firstly, a horizontal line in a plane where a panel of the photovoltaic module at the position is located is in a vertical relation with the irradiation light of the sun; the second is a perpendicular line perpendicular to the horizontal line in the plane, and the perpendicular line is in a perpendicular relation with the irradiation light of the sun; here, the irradiation light of the sun can be regarded as parallel light.
When the panel of the photovoltaic module faces the irradiation light of the sun, the horizontal line is in a vertical relation with the irradiation light of the sun; when the panel of the photovoltaic module is viewed from the irradiation light rays facing the sun, the plane where the panel of the photovoltaic module is located is perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the solar light rays.
Preferably, all the single light direction collecting units are respectively and fixedly installed on different installation holes; the linear thin tubes on each single light direction acquisition unit are distributed on the mounting holes in different directions, and when the linear thin tubes are mounted, the direction data of each linear thin tube and the corresponding illumination intensity sensor are synchronously input into the microprocessor; when the microprocessor screens out the highest data, the direction data information of the position can be read out, and the panel of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted to the direction of the irradiation direction of the closest sunlight through the direction control mechanism; the orientation data information here includes rotation angle information and elevation angle data information required for the panel of the photovoltaic module.
Preferably, the photovoltaic module comprises a panel and a mounting base; the mounting base is provided with an orientation control mechanism, and the panel is mounted on the orientation control mechanism; the orientation control mechanism includes a rotation adjustment device that adjusts the panel of the photovoltaic module to face the sun, and an elevation adjustment device that adjusts the panel of the photovoltaic module to be closest perpendicular to the direction of irradiation of the rays of the sun. The rotary adjusting device comprises a rotary control rack, a telescopic mechanism and a gear; a base of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly arranged on the mounting base; the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly connected with a rotary control rack, and the mounting base is in sliding fit with the rotary control rack; one side of the rotary control rack is in meshing transmission with the gear, the mounting base is in running fit with the gear, and an elevation angle adjusting device is fixed on the gear. The elevation angle adjusting device comprises a hinged adjusting frame, an electric telescopic rod and a driven telescopic rod; articulated alignment jig fixed mounting is on rotatory adjusting device, articulated alignment jig front end is articulated bottom the panel, it has electric telescopic handle and driven telescopic link, two to articulate between articulated alignment jig rear end and the panel top driven telescopic link is located electric telescopic handle's both sides.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the orientation angle with the best illumination intensity can be acquired through the illumination direction acquisition device, and when the microprocessor screens out the highest data, the orientation data information of the position can be read out, so that the panel of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted to the orientation of the illumination direction of the closest solar ray through the orientation control mechanism, and the photovoltaic module can be irradiated by sunlight with the best illumination intensity in real time, thereby improving the generated energy of the photovoltaic module and obtaining the advantage of higher power generation efficiency compared with the existing photovoltaic module.
2. According to the invention, the tube wall of the linear thin tube is made of a light-tight material, so that the interference of light rays outside the linear thin tube on the illumination intensity sensor inside the linear thin tube can be avoided as much as possible, and the acquisition accuracy of the illumination intensity acquisition by the illumination direction acquisition device can be improved.
3. According to the invention, through the effect of coating the black paint on the inner tube wall of the linear tubule, the absorbance of the inner tube wall of the linear tubule can be improved as much as possible, namely diffuse reflection is reduced, the reflection degree of oblique rays is reduced when an included angle with the linear direction of the central line of the linear tubule to a certain degree exists, the interference degree of the reflected rays possibly causing interference to the illumination intensity sensor is reduced, and the acquisition accuracy of the illumination intensity acquisition device for the irradiation direction is improved.
4. The center line of the mounting hole passes through the center of the spherical cover or the center of the spherical shell, so that the center line of the mounting hole passes through the center of the spherical shell; namely, the orientation of each mounting hole is different; when the collected illumination intensity data is the highest, the corresponding orientation data is closest to the illumination direction of the solar rays; the orientation data of the irradiation direction of the closest solar ray can be collected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an orientation control mechanism and a photovoltaic module.
Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an internal mounting structure of the irradiation direction collecting device.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of a single light direction collecting unit.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the mounting frame body and the mounting feet of the third embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a top view of the structure of the mounting frame body and the mounting legs in the third embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a side view showing the structure of a mounting bracket body and a mounting bracket according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a top view of the mounting bracket body and the mounting bracket according to the fourth embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
1-irradiation direction acquisition device, 101-single light direction acquisition unit, 102-installation frame body, 103-installation support leg, 104-installation frame, 1011-linear tubule, 1012-illumination intensity sensor, 1021-spherical cover, 1022-installation hole, 1023-fan-shaped sheet, 2-orientation control mechanism, 201-rotation adjusting device, 202-elevation angle adjusting device, 2011-rotation control rack, 2012-telescoping mechanism, 2013-gear, 2021 hinged adjusting frame, 2022-electric telescopic rod, 2023-driven telescopic rod, 3-photovoltaic module, 301-panel, 302-installation base.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module with adaptive orientation control based on solar irradiation direction, which includes an irradiation direction collecting device 1, an orientation control mechanism 2 and a photovoltaic module 3 for generating power by using light energy. The irradiation direction collecting device 1 comprises a single light direction collecting unit 101 and a mounting frame body 102; the single light direction collecting unit 101 comprises a linear tubule 1011 and an illumination intensity sensor 1012; the tube wall of the linear tubule 1011 is made of opaque material, and the bottom of the linear tubule 1011 is fixed with an illumination intensity sensor 1012. All the illumination intensity sensors 1012 are electrically connected with the microprocessor; the microprocessor compares the illumination intensity data collected by all the illumination intensity sensors 1012, and screens out the highest data, that is, the linear tubule 1011 where the illumination intensity sensor 1012 is located corresponding to the highest data is closest to the irradiation direction of the solar ray. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the control module in the orientation control mechanism 2, so that the microprocessor can adjust the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 to be perpendicular to the direction of the corresponding linear tubule 1011 through the orientation control mechanism 2.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic module 3 comprises a panel 301 and a mounting base 302; the installation base 302 is provided with an orientation control mechanism 2, and the panel 301 is arranged on the orientation control mechanism 2; the orientation control mechanism 2 comprises a rotation adjustment device 201 and an elevation adjustment device 202, the rotation adjustment device 201 adjusting the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 to face the sun, the elevation adjustment device 202 adjusting the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 to be closest perpendicular to the direction of irradiation of the rays of the sun. Wherein, the rotation adjusting device 201 comprises a rotation control rack 2011, a telescopic mechanism 2012 and a gear 2013; the telescopic mechanism 2012 is a linear motor for accurately controlling the telescopic variation, and a base of the telescopic mechanism 2012 is fixedly installed on the installation base 302; a rotary control rack 2011 is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 2012, and the mounting base 302 is in sliding fit with the rotary control rack 2011; one side of the rotation control rack 2011 is in meshing transmission with the gear 2013, the mounting base 302 is in running fit with the gear 2013, and the elevation angle adjusting device 202 is fixed on the gear 2013. Wherein, the elevation angle adjusting device 202 comprises a hinged adjusting frame 2021, an electric telescopic rod 2022 and a driven telescopic rod 2023; the hinged adjusting frame 2021 is fixedly installed on the rotary adjusting device 201, the front end of the hinged adjusting frame 2021 is hinged with the bottom of the panel 301, an electric telescopic rod 2022 and a driven telescopic rod 2023 are hinged between the rear end of the hinged adjusting frame 2021 and the top of the panel 301, and the two driven telescopic rods 2023 are located on two sides of the electric telescopic rod 2022; the microprocessor controls the extension amount of the extension mechanism 2012, and the microprocessor controls the extension amount of the electric telescopic rod 2022.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the single light direction collecting units 101 are spherically distributed on the mounting frame 102; when the single light direction acquisition units 101 perform spherical distribution, the orientation data range acquired by the single light direction acquisition units is relatively comprehensive, because all the orientation data can be acquired theoretically if the central line of each single light direction acquisition unit 101 passes through the center of a sphere; in practical application, the layout density is limited; that is to say, the smaller the sphere surface size occupied by each single light direction acquisition unit 101 and the layout distance between each single light direction acquisition unit 101 are, the larger the layout density thereof can be, that is, the more the layout number is, the smaller the orientation data interval between each two adjacent single light direction acquisition units 101 is, the better the data precision equal to the acquisition is, so that the more the data of each orientation can be actually acquired, the more accurate and closest the orientation data acquired by the same is.
The purpose of the non-light-transmission pipe wall is to avoid the interference of light rays except the linear tubule 1011 to the illumination intensity sensor 1012 inside the tubule as much as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of collecting the illumination intensity.
As shown in fig. 4, all the single light direction collecting units 101 are respectively and fixedly installed on different installation holes 1022; the linear tubules 1011 on each single light direction collecting unit 101 are distributed on the mounting holes 1022 in different directions, and the direction data of each linear tubule 1011 and the corresponding illumination intensity sensor 1012 are synchronously recorded into the microprocessor when the linear tubule is mounted; when the microprocessor sifts out the highest data, the orientation data information of the position can be read out.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5, a more preferred technical solution based on the first embodiment is as follows: black paint is uniformly coated on the inner pipe wall of the linear thin pipe 1011; the purpose of coating the inner pipe wall of the linear tubule 1011 with black paint is to increase the absorbance of the inner pipe wall of the linear tubule 1011 as much as possible, reduce the interference degree caused by the reflected light to the illumination intensity sensor 1012, and thus improve the accuracy of acquisition.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 4-7, a more preferred technical solution based on the second embodiment is as follows: the installation frame body 102 comprises a spherical cover 1021 and installation support legs 103; mounting holes 1022 are uniformly formed in the surface of the spherical cover 1021; the central lines of the mounting holes 1022 pass through the center of the spherical cover 1021; the purpose that the central lines of the mounting holes 1022 pass through the center of the spherical cover 1021 is that the orientation of each mounting hole 1022 on the surface of the spherical cover 1021 is different; when the collected illumination intensity data is the highest, the corresponding orientation data is closest to the illumination direction of the solar rays.
Example four
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 8-9, a more preferred technical solution based on the second embodiment is as follows: the mounting bracket body 102 comprises a sector 1023 of a quarter-sphere shell and a mounting bracket 104; mounting holes 1022 are uniformly formed in the surface of the fan-shaped piece 1023; the center lines of the mounting holes 1022 pass through the spherical center of the spherical shell; the center line of each mounting hole 1022 passes through the center of the spherical shell, so that the orientation of each mounting hole 1022 on the surface of the spherical shell is different; when the collected illumination intensity data is the highest, the corresponding orientation data is closest to the illumination direction of the solar ray.
The orientation data of the second embodiment and the third embodiment mainly include two items of data; firstly, the horizontal line in the plane of the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 at the position is in a vertical relation with the irradiation light of the sun; the second is a perpendicular line perpendicular to the horizontal line in the plane, and the perpendicular line is in a perpendicular relation with the irradiation light of the sun; here, the irradiation light of the sun can be regarded as parallel light. When the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 faces the irradiation light of the sun, the horizontal line is perpendicular to the irradiation light of the sun; when the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 is looking at the irradiation light rays facing the sun, the plane of the panel of the photovoltaic module 3 is perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the solar light rays.
During the use, at first shine the direction collection system 1 and gather the data message of all illumination intensity towards the angle in real time, when microprocessor sieves out the highest data among all data message in real time, alright read out the orientation data message that this position was located, rethread orientation control mechanism 2 is real-time with photovoltaic module 3's panel adjustment for the orientation of the illumination direction of the sunlight of closest to satisfy photovoltaic module 3's panel and obtain real-time best illumination effect.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A photovoltaic module for self-adaptive control of orientation based on solar irradiation direction is characterized by comprising an irradiation direction acquisition device (1), an orientation control mechanism (2) and a photovoltaic module (3);
the irradiation direction acquisition device (1) comprises a single light direction acquisition unit (101) and a mounting frame body (102); the single light direction acquisition unit (101) comprises a linear tubule (1011) and an illumination intensity sensor (1012); the pipe wall of the linear type tubule (1011) is made of light-tight material; an illumination intensity sensor (1012) is fixed at the bottom of the linear thin tube (1011); the single light direction acquisition units (101) are distributed on the installation frame body (102) in a spherical manner; all the illumination intensity sensors (1012) are electrically connected with the microprocessor;
the microprocessor compares the illumination intensity data collected by all the illumination intensity sensors (1012) and screens out the highest data, namely the linear tubule (1011) where the illumination intensity sensor (1012) corresponding to the highest data is located is closest to the irradiation direction of the solar rays;
the microprocessor adjusts the panel of the photovoltaic module (3) to be vertical to the direction of the corresponding linear tubule (1011) through the orientation control mechanism (2).
2. The photovoltaic module for adaptive control of orientation based on solar irradiation direction according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner pipe wall of the linear tubule (1011) is uniformly coated with black paint.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the mounting frame body (102) comprises a spherical cover (1021) and a mounting leg (103); mounting holes (1022) are uniformly formed in the surface of the spherical cover (1021); the central lines of the mounting holes (1022) all pass through the center of the ball-shaped cover (1021).
4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the mounting frame body (102) comprises a quarter-sphere-shaped fan-shaped piece (1023) and a mounting bracket (104); mounting holes (1022) are uniformly formed in the surface of the fan-shaped sheet (1023); the center lines of the mounting holes (1022) all pass through the spherical center of the spherical shell.
5. The photovoltaic module for self-adaptive control of orientation based on solar irradiation direction as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein all the single light direction collecting units (101) are respectively fixedly installed on different installation holes (1022); the linear tubules (1011) on each single light direction acquisition unit (101) are distributed on mounting holes (1022) in different directions, and the direction data of each linear tubule (1011) and the corresponding illumination intensity sensor (1012) are synchronously recorded into the microprocessor when the linear tubule is mounted.
6. An adaptive control photovoltaic module based on solar direction orientation according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic module (3) comprises a panel (301) and a mounting base (302); the installation base (302) is provided with an orientation control mechanism (2), and the panel (301) is installed on the orientation control mechanism (2); the orientation control mechanism (2) comprises a rotation adjusting device (201) and an elevation angle adjusting device (202), wherein the rotation adjusting device (201) adjusts the panel of the photovoltaic module (3) to face the sun, and the elevation angle adjusting device (202) adjusts the panel of the photovoltaic module (3) to be closest to the irradiation direction vertical to the sunlight.
7. The photovoltaic module for adaptive control of orientation based on solar radiation direction according to claim 6, characterized in that the rotation adjusting device (201) comprises a rotation control rack (2011), a telescoping mechanism (2012) and a gear (2013);
a base of a telescopic mechanism (2012) is fixedly arranged on the mounting base (302); a rotary control rack (2011) is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism (2012), and the mounting base (302) is in sliding fit with the rotary control rack (2011); one side of the rotary control rack (2011) is in meshing transmission with the gear (2013), the mounting base (302) is in running fit with the gear (2013), and the gear (2013) is fixedly provided with an elevation angle adjusting device (202).
8. The photovoltaic module for adaptive control of orientation based on sun exposure direction according to claim 6, wherein the elevation angle adjusting device (202) comprises an articulated adjusting bracket (2021), an electric telescopic rod (2022) and a driven telescopic rod (2023);
the hinged adjusting rack (2021) is fixedly arranged on the rotary adjusting device (201), the front end of the hinged adjusting rack (2021) is hinged with the bottom of the panel (301), and the hinged adjusting rack (2021)
An electric telescopic rod (2022) and a driven telescopic rod (2023) are hinged between the rear end and the top of the panel (301),
the two driven telescopic rods (2023) are positioned at two sides of the electric telescopic rod (2022).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310023765.6A CN115981379A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | Orientation self-adaptive control photovoltaic module based on sun irradiation direction |
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| CN202310023765.6A CN115981379A (en) | 2023-01-09 | 2023-01-09 | Orientation self-adaptive control photovoltaic module based on sun irradiation direction |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117470179A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 绿诺科技有限公司 | Optimal heat collection direction measuring device of solar water heater |
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2023
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117470179A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 绿诺科技有限公司 | Optimal heat collection direction measuring device of solar water heater |
| CN117470179B (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-26 | 绿诺科技有限公司 | Optimal heat collection direction measuring device of solar water heater |
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