CN115981237A

CN115981237A - Tool path planning method and related device

Info

Publication number: CN115981237A
Application number: CN202211575118.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟海军; 李轶; 李桐超
Original assignee: Suzhou Qianji Intelligent Software Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Qianji Intelligent Software Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-08
Filing date: 2022-12-08
Publication date: 2023-04-18

Abstract

The application provides a tool path planning method and a related device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring theoretical characteristic information and measurement height of a workpiece; positioning a measuring surface of the workpiece based on theoretical characteristic information and measuring height of the workpiece; acquiring measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode; acquiring machining error information of the measuring surface based on the measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface and the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece; when the machining error information of the measuring surface meets a preset compensation condition, acquiring a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface; and generating a compensation tool path of the measuring surface based on the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface. The machining error value of the workpiece is obtained by on-machine measurement, the machining tool path is automatically planned and compensated, the manpower resource is saved, the qualification rate and the machining efficiency of the workpiece are improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Tool path planning method and related device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of milling and manufacturing technologies, and in particular, to a tool path planning method, an electronic device, a numerical control machine, and a computer-readable storage medium.

Background

In the process of milling a workpiece, the size of the machined workpiece is generally measured manually to process machining errors, a tool compensation value is calculated, and the tool compensation value is recorded into a numerical control machine tool.

Based on this, the present application provides a tool path planning method and related apparatus to improve the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a tool path planning method, electronic equipment, a numerical control machine tool and a computer readable storage medium, which are used for automatically planning and compensating a machining tool path by utilizing a machining error value of a workpiece obtained through on-machine measurement, so that the manpower resource is saved, the qualification rate and the machining efficiency of the workpiece are improved, and the production cost is reduced.

The purpose of the application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a tool path planning method, including:

acquiring theoretical characteristic information and measurement height of a workpiece;

positioning a measuring surface of the workpiece based on theoretical characteristic information and measuring height of the workpiece;

acquiring measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode;

acquiring the machining error information of the measuring surface based on the measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface and the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece;

when the machining error information of the measuring surface meets a preset compensation condition, acquiring a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface;

and generating a compensation tool path of the measuring surface based on the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the measuring surface of the workpiece can be accurately positioned based on the theoretical characteristic information and the specific measuring height of the workpiece, so that accurate measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface can be obtained; the method has the advantages that the measurement characteristic information such as the size of the workpiece can be rapidly measured in the machining process of the workpiece in an on-machine measurement mode, and then the measurement characteristic information is compared with the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece to obtain the machining error information of the workpiece, compared with a traditional off-line measurement mode, the manual stop of a machining process is not needed, meanwhile, errors in the measurement and data input process of manual operation can be avoided, and the problem of precision loss of the workpiece in secondary clamping can be solved; judging whether the workpiece needs to be subjected to compensation processing according to the processing error information and preset compensation conditions, acquiring a tool path compensation strategy when the workpiece needs to be subjected to compensation processing, improving the processing precision of the workpiece, and ensuring the processing efficiency of the workpiece without performing compensation processing when the processing error information meets the error range allowed by the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece; the method is used for adaptively acquiring the supplementary processing strategy and generating the compensation tool path based on the measurement error of the workpiece, does not need to rely on the personal experience of an operator, has high automation degree of the processing process, saves human resources and reduces the production cost.

In some optional embodiments, the workpiece is a disc-type workpiece and/or a ring-type workpiece.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the disc-type workpiece and the ring-type workpiece are measured off-line, and are limited by measuring tools such as calipers, and large measuring errors are easily generated due to the fact that the measuring position is not easy to determine, the handheld measuring tool is not stable, and reading subjectivity and other factors exist; the disc type workpiece and the ring type workpiece are measured in an on-machine measuring mode, the measuring position is easy to position, a measuring tool is stable, and the problem of wrong reading or wrong data recording does not exist.

In some optional embodiments, the obtaining of the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode includes:

acquiring position information of one or more measuring points of the measuring surface in a preset direction;

acquiring a measuring path based on the position information of one or more measuring points of the measuring surface;

and performing on-machine measurement on the measurement surface based on the measurement path to obtain measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: in the turning process, each measuring surface corresponds to one measuring point; in the milling process, each measuring surface corresponds to a plurality of measuring points; in the process of acquiring the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode, one or more measurement points of the workpiece measurement surface can be acquired in a preset direction according to different processing processes and the currently measured measurement characteristic information, a measurement path obtained according to the measurement point planning is attached to the workpiece measurement surface, and the accuracy of the obtained measurement characteristic information is high.

In some optional embodiments, the obtaining the tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface when the processing error information of the measurement surface meets a preset compensation condition includes:

acquiring a tolerance range of the measuring surface;

judging whether the processing error information of the measuring surface is matched with the tolerance range;

when the machining error information is matched with the tolerance range, determining that the machining error information does not meet the preset compensation condition, and stopping compensation machining of the measuring surface;

and when the machining error information is not matched with the tolerance range, determining that the machining error information meets the preset compensation condition, and acquiring a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface based on the machining error information.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the preset compensation condition is associated with the tolerance range of the measuring surface to ensure that the workpiece meets the machining precision requirement, and whether compensation machining is needed to be carried out on the measuring surface is judged by judging whether the machining error information of the measuring surface is matched with the tolerance range or not, instead of carrying out compensation machining on each measuring surface, so that the machining efficiency is ensured; and when the determined machining error information meets the preset compensation condition, based on the machining error information, the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface is obtained in a self-adaptive manner without manually calculating a tool path compensation value and selecting a compensation mode, and meanwhile, the error operation of manually inputting the tool path compensation value and selecting the compensation mode is avoided.

In some optional embodiments, when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for lathing, the tool path compensation strategy includes one or more of tool radius compensation information and tool length compensation information;

when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for milling, the tool path compensation strategy comprises one or more of tool radius compensation information, tool length compensation information and coordinate system compensation information.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for lathe machining, one or more of tool radius compensation information and tool length compensation information are selected in a self-adaptive mode; when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for milling, one or more of tool radius compensation information, tool length compensation information and coordinate system compensation information are selected in a self-adaptive mode; the self-adaptive tool path selection compensation strategy does not depend on experience and subjectivity judgment of operators, manual operation can be replaced, detection efficiency is effectively improved, and labor cost is saved.

In some optional embodiments, the obtaining, based on the machining error information, a tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface includes:

inputting the processing error information of the measuring surface into a tool path compensation model to obtain a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface;

wherein, the training process of the tool path compensation model comprises the following steps:

acquiring a training set, wherein the training set comprises a plurality of training data, and each training data comprises machining error information of a sample measuring surface and marking data of a tool path compensation strategy corresponding to the machining error information of the sample measuring surface;

for each training data in the training set, performing the following:

inputting the processing error information of the sample measuring surface in the training data into a preset deep learning model to obtain the predicted data of the tool path compensation strategy corresponding to the processing error information of the sample measuring surface;

updating model parameters of the deep learning model based on predicted data and labeled data of the tool path compensation strategy corresponding to the processing error information of the sample measuring surface;

detecting whether a preset training end condition is met; if so, taking the trained deep learning model as the tool path compensation model; and if not, continuing to train the deep learning model by using the next training data.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: the mode of predicting the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface through the tool path compensation model does not depend on a human perception system and subjective judgment, manual operation is replaced, the tool path compensation strategy is accurately and quickly obtained, and the requirement on the technical capability of operators is low; the tool path compensation model can be trained through the training set, the accuracy of the prediction data of the tool path compensation model to the tool path compensation strategy is continuously improved based on a large amount of training data, the data training of multiple training sets can be carried out aiming at different types of tool path compensation modes, the application range is wide, the prediction accuracy and efficiency are high, and the intelligent degree is high.

In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

and performing compensation processing on the measuring surface based on the compensation tool path of the measuring surface.

The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: and the compensation tool path based on the measuring surface is used for adaptively compensating and processing the measuring surface, so that the workpiece meets the processing precision requirement.

In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing a computer program, the at least one processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:

acquiring machining error information of the measuring surface based on the measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface and the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece;

In some optional embodiments, the at least one processor, when executing the computer program, acquires the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by an on-machine measurement mode in the following manner:

and performing on-machine measurement on the measuring surface based on the measuring path to obtain the measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface.

In some optional embodiments, when the at least one processor executes the computer program, the following manner is adopted to obtain the tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface when the machining error information of the measurement surface satisfies a preset compensation condition:

acquiring a tolerance range of the measuring surface;

In some optional embodiments, the at least one processor, when executing the computer program, obtains the tool path compensation strategy for the measurement plane based on the machining error information in the following manner:

for each training data in the training set, performing the following:

updating model parameters of the deep learning model based on predicted data and labeled data of a tool path compensation strategy corresponding to the processing error information of the sample measuring surface;

detecting whether a preset training end condition is met; if yes, the trained deep learning model is used as the tool path compensation model; and if not, continuing to train the deep learning model by using the next training data.

In some alternative embodiments, the at least one processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:

In a third aspect, the present application provides a numerically controlled machine tool comprising the above electronic device.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above methods or implements the functions of any of the above electronic devices.

Drawings

The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a tool path planning method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another tool path planning method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of another tool path planning method provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a program product for implementing a tool path planning method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The present application is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.

In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a alone, A and B together, and B alone, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, a and b and c, wherein a, b and c can be single or multiple. It is to be noted that "at least one item" may also be interpreted as "one or more item(s)".

It should also be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.

The numerical control milling process is to automatically process the processed parts according to the pre-programmed processing program, to compile the processing process route, process information, tool motion track, displacement, cutting information and auxiliary function of the parts into a processing program list according to the instruction code and program format specified by the numerical control machine, to record the content in the program list on the control medium, and to input the program list into the numerical control device of the numerical control machine, so as to command the machine tool to process the parts.

Workpieces machined by the numerical control machine tool are often multiple in machining procedures and high in machining precision requirement on the workpieces, in order to guarantee machining quality, the workpieces need to be measured after the machining procedures, and whether error compensation machining needs to be carried out or not is determined according to a measuring result. The traditional measurement mode is off-line measurement, and is to take down a workpiece after the workpiece is processed and then use equipment such as a three-coordinate system, a contourgraph and an imager to carry out measurement. The measurement mode of on-machine measurement (OMI) is a measurement mode which takes the hardware of a numerical control machine tool as a carrier and is attached with a corresponding measurement tool and software to complete the measurement of the geometric characteristics of parts on the numerical control machine tool. Wherein the hardware may include: machine tool gauge head, machine tool setting gauge etc. the software can include: macro programs, dedicated 3D measurement software, etc. In the process of machining the workpiece, a machine tool measuring head calls a program before or after one machining process to integrally detect the workpiece on the machine tool. In addition to measurement of part size and precision, on-machine measurement can also be used for alignment of workpieces, tool damage detection, machine tool health state detection, machining error compensation and parameter setting, and has important guiding significance for improving machining precision and constructing a large closed-loop system. The measurement modes (whether the measuring head is in direct contact with the workpiece) are distinguished, and on-machine measurement can be divided into three types, namely contact type, non-contact type and composite type, and the application is not limited.

The spindle of the vertical lathe is vertical and has a circular table on which a workpiece is mounted. The vertical lathe is different from a common lathe in that a main shaft of the vertical lathe is vertical, a workbench of the vertical lathe is in a horizontal position, alignment and clamping of a workpiece are convenient, the gravity of the workpiece and the workbench is borne by a lathe bed guide rail or a thrust bearing, the main shaft is not bent, and the vertical lathe is suitable for machining parts with large diameter and short length.

The tolerance range refers to a region defined by two straight lines representing upper and lower deviations or maximum and minimum critical dimensions in the tolerance range diagram. The tolerance range includes two elements, namely the size of the tolerance range and the position of the tolerance range, wherein the former element is determined by standard tolerance, and the latter element is determined by basic deviation.

Tool compensation is a function for compensating for the difference between the actual mounting position (or actual nose arc radius) of the tool and the theoretical programmed position (or nose arc radius). After the cutter compensation, the cutter is changed, and only the cutter position compensation value needs to be changed without changing the part machining program. When the actual tool length is not consistent with the programmed length, the tool compensation function can be used for realizing the compensation of the tool length difference. The cutter compensation function can also meet other requirements such as a machining process, and the like, and the feeding amount can be adjusted each time by a method of gradually changing the radius compensation value of the cutter so as to realize the cycle of rough machining and finish machining by using the same program; the length compensation of the cutter can also be changed to solve the problem that the original program still causes processing errors when the cutter size is changed due to cutter abrasion and regrinding.

(method embodiment)

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a tool path planning method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

The embodiment of the application provides a tool path planning method, which comprises the following steps:

step S101: acquiring theoretical characteristic information and measurement height of a workpiece;

step S102: positioning a measuring surface of the workpiece based on theoretical characteristic information and measuring height of the workpiece;

step S103: acquiring measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode;

step S104: acquiring machining error information of the measuring surface based on the measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface and the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece;

step S105: when the machining error information of the measuring surface meets a preset compensation condition, acquiring a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface;

step S106: and generating a compensation tool path of the measuring surface based on the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface.

Therefore, the measuring surface of the workpiece can be accurately positioned based on the theoretical characteristic information and the specific measuring height of the workpiece, so that the accurate measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface can be obtained; the method has the advantages that the measurement characteristic information such as the size of the workpiece can be rapidly measured in the machining process of the workpiece in an on-machine measurement mode, and then the measurement characteristic information is compared with the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece to obtain the machining error information of the workpiece, compared with a traditional off-line measurement mode, the manual stop of a machining process is not needed, meanwhile, errors in the measurement and data input process of manual operation can be avoided, and the problem of precision loss of the workpiece in secondary clamping can be solved; judging whether the workpiece needs to be subjected to compensation processing according to the processing error information and preset compensation conditions, acquiring a tool path compensation strategy when the workpiece needs to be subjected to compensation processing, improving the processing precision of the workpiece, and ensuring the processing efficiency of the workpiece without performing compensation processing when the processing error information meets the error range allowed by the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece; the method is used for adaptively acquiring the supplementary processing strategy and generating the compensation tool path based on the measurement error of the workpiece, does not need to rely on the personal experience of an operator, has high automation degree of the processing process, saves human resources and reduces the production cost.

The theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece is used for indicating information such as a given structural shape, basic dimensions and technical requirements (such as surface roughness, dimensional tolerance and position tolerance of the workpiece) in workpiece design, reflecting the size and mutual position relation of various parts of the workpiece and meeting the conditions of workpiece manufacturing and inspection; in a specific embodiment, the workpiece is a circular ring-shaped workpiece, and the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece can include three views of the structure of the workpiece, the inner diameter size, the outer diameter size, the axial size, the tolerance range, the deformation, the end face parallelism and the surface roughness of the circular ring-shaped workpiece. In this embodiment, the representation of the theoretical characteristic information is not limited, and for example, the inner diameter may be 1.50 m, the outer diameter may be 1.75 m, the axial size may be 5.50 cm, the tolerance range ± 0.05mm, the deformation amount may be controlled within 0.144 mm, the end face parallelism may be within 0.05mm, and the surface roughness may be ra1.6.

The embodiment does not limit the acquisition mode of the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece, and the acquisition mode of the characteristic information is flexibly selected according to the situation in practical application. Firstly, a design file (for example, a two-dimensional design file and/or a three-dimensional design file) of a workpiece contains complete and detailed information such as workpiece design parameters, and the mode of acquiring theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece by acquiring the design file of the workpiece is most direct and rapid; secondly, under the condition that a design file of the workpiece cannot be provided, three-dimensional information (such as CT scanning information, X-ray scanning information, nuclear magnetic resonance scanning information, ultrasonic scanning information, three-dimensional point cloud data, three-dimensional patch data, three-dimensional contour data and the like) or image information (images or videos) of the workpiece can be obtained, feature information of a region to be processed can be obtained based on the three-dimensional information or feature information of the image information can be extracted by using a preset image processing model, the three-dimensional information and the image information are easy to obtain, and feature information of workpieces with different appearance features can be conveniently extracted.

The measuring surface can be one or more end surfaces of the workpiece (the end surfaces refer to the planes at two ends of the cylindrical workpiece and are used for describing a specific plane of the part in machining), and the end surfaces can be planes or curved surfaces; the measured height may be coordinate information of a height direction of a cross section of the workpiece to be measured in a predetermined coordinate system; in a specific embodiment, a coordinate system is established in a three-dimensional cartesian coordinate system with the center of one end face of the cylindrical workpiece as the origin of the coordinate system and the axial direction of the cylindrical workpiece as the Z axis, and the height information of the measurement surface to be measured can be represented by the coordinate value of the Z axis, for example, if the obtained measurement height is 1 unit length in the positive direction of the Z axis, the measurement surface is a cross section formed by moving the coordinate plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis by 1 unit length in the positive direction of the Z axis with the cylindrical workpiece.

The predetermined coordinate system may be an absolute coordinate system or a relative coordinate system; the absolute coordinate system may be, for example, a cartesian coordinate system (a general name of a rectangular coordinate system and a diagonal coordinate system), a polar coordinate system, a cylindrical coordinate system, a spherical coordinate system, a screen coordinate system in the computer field, or the like; the relative coordinate system may be, for example, a rectangular coordinate system or another coordinate system. In order to describe the movement of the machine tool, simplify the programming method and ensure the interchangeability of recorded data during numerical control programming, the coordinate system and the movement direction of the numerical control machine tool are standardized, and the naming standard is drawn up by ISO and China. The Machine tool Coordinate System (Machine Coordinate System) is a rectangular Coordinate System composed of X, Y, Z axes, which is established by taking the Machine tool origin as the Coordinate System origin and following a right-handed cartesian rectangular Coordinate System, and is used for determining the basic Coordinate System of the workpiece Coordinate System. The object coordinate system is a cartesian coordinate system fixed on the object and used by the programmer for determining the tool and the starting point of the program when programming, the origin of the coordinate system can be determined by the programmer according to the specific situation, but the directions of the coordinate axes are consistent with the machine tool coordinate system and have a certain dimensional relationship with the machine tool coordinate system. The position of the origin of the workpiece coordinate system is determined by the numerical control system according to the coordinate value preset at the position through coordinate conversion calculation, so that the machine tool can be shifted to the required origin of the workpiece coordinate system.

The measurement height is not limited in the present application, and may be, for example, 0.01mm (millimeter), 0.03mm, 0.05mm, 0.07mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.7mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 5mm, 1cm (centimeter), 1.1cm, 1.5cm, 2cm, 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 50cm, 1m (meter), 1.5m, 1.7m, 2m, 2.3m, 5m, 10m, 20m, or the like.

The measurement characteristic information is used for indicating an actual measurement value of the workpiece after machining, which corresponds to theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece.

The machining error information is a deviation value of measured characteristic information of the machined workpiece from theoretical characteristic information. The present embodiment does not limit the representation form of the machining error information, for example, the thickness may be-10 mm, -7mm, -5mm, -1mm, -0.50mm, -0.001mm, -0.005mm, -0.007mm, -0.010mm, -0.01mm, -0.02mm, -0.05mm 0, +0.015mm, +0.03mm, +0.05mm, +0.07mm, +0.1mm, +0.5mm, +0.7mm, +1mm, +10mm, +1 (cm) cm, +3cm, +5cm.

The preset compensation condition is that the processing error information of the measuring surface does not accord with the tolerance range of the theoretical characteristic information of the workpiece, and accords with the threshold range which can be corrected by compensation processing, for example, the preset compensation condition can be that the processing error information deviates plus 0.5cm on exceeding the tolerance range, and the processing error information deviates more than the absolute value of the size tolerance on exceeding the tolerance range, and the like.

The tool path compensation strategy is a method for compensating the difference between the actual installation position (or the actual arc radius of the tool nose) of the tool and the theoretical programming position (or the arc radius of the tool nose); the tool path compensation strategy comprises tool compensation parameters such as tool position compensation parameter values, tool circular arc radius compensation values and the like; in the process of automatically executing tool path compensation, the numerical control system automatically corrects the position error of the tool according to each numerical value and automatically compensates the circular arc radius of the tool nose.

The on-machine measurement refers to the process that a numerical control system of a machine tool is utilized to drive a main shaft with a measuring head to move, so that the measuring head is in contact with a workpiece along a given direction, and therefore coordinate value data of a contact point on the surface of the workpiece are obtained, and the data are stored into an automatic measurement process of the numerical control system; it can specifically carry out on-line measurement to the work piece through numerical control machine tool system interface control lathe gauge head, include: the method comprises the steps of defining a plurality of measuring points through manual definition or tool paths automatically, sending a measuring instruction to a controller through an on-machine measuring system interface or a numerical control system interface to automatically complete a measuring process, importing measuring result data through a register interface or a file form, displaying a measuring path through a graphic system, simulating the measuring process, and visually displaying the measuring data in a mark mode, a label mode and the like.

In other optional embodiments, after one process of processing the workpiece is completed, the processing program needs to be stopped, the workpiece is manually taken out and subjected to size measurement by using an offline measurement mode, a processing error is obtained, a tool path compensation value is calculated, the tool path compensation value is manually recorded into a numerical control machine, and the workpiece needs to be secondarily clamped for tool path compensation processing.

In some alternative embodiments, the workpiece may be a disk-type workpiece and/or a ring-type workpiece.

Therefore, offline measurement of disc workpieces and ring workpieces is limited by measuring tools such as calipers, and large measuring errors are easily generated due to the fact that measuring positions are not easy to determine, the handheld measuring tools are not stable, reading is subjective and the like; the disc type workpiece and the ring type workpiece are measured in an on-machine measuring mode, the measuring position is easy to position, a measuring tool is stable, and the problem of wrong reading or wrong data recording does not exist.

The disc type workpiece and the ring type workpiece refer to workpieces with the radial dimension larger than the axial dimension, the end faces are usually circular or oval, and the end faces can be planes or curved faces, such as gears, impellers, flywheels, coupling joints, lantern rings, bearing wheels and the like; the main characteristic of the measuring disc type workpiece and the ring type workpiece is the diameter value of the end face. The vertical lathe is generally used for processing large and heavy workpieces with large radial dimension and relatively small axial dimension, such as cylindrical surfaces, end surfaces, conical surfaces, cylindrical holes, conical holes and the like of various disc, wheel and sleeve workpieces.

In other alternative embodiments, the workpiece may be a large size workpiece that is not readily measurable off-line.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of another tool path planning method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the obtaining the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode (i.e., step S103) may include:

step S201: acquiring position information of one or more measuring points of the measuring surface in a preset direction;

step S202: acquiring a measuring path based on the position information of one or more measuring points of the measuring surface;

step S203: and performing on-machine measurement on the measurement surface based on the measurement path to obtain measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface.

Therefore, in the turning process, each measuring surface corresponds to one measuring point; in the milling process, each measuring surface corresponds to a plurality of measuring points; in the process of acquiring the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode, one or more measurement points of the workpiece measurement surface can be acquired in a preset direction according to different processing processes and the currently measured measurement characteristic information, a measurement path obtained according to the measurement point planning is attached to the workpiece measurement surface, and the accuracy of the acquired measurement characteristic information is high.

The position information of the plurality of measurement points includes coordinate values of the plurality of measurement points in a predetermined coordinate system.

The measuring path is a motion track of the measuring tool when the measuring tool performs the measuring operation. The measuring tool can be a side head of a numerical control machine tool, is measured and stored in a tool magazine of a machining center, is called out before or after one machining process according to different measurement requirements, and executes automatic detection according to a program.

In other alternative embodiments, the diameter value of the workpiece is measured based on two symmetrical measurement points that are preset.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating another tool path planning method provided in the embodiment of the present application. In some optional embodiments, the obtaining the tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface when the machining error information of the measurement surface meets a preset compensation condition (i.e., step S105) may include:

step S301: acquiring a tolerance range of the measuring surface;

step S302: judging whether the processing error information of the measuring surface is matched with the tolerance range or not;

step S303: when the machining error information is matched with the tolerance range, determining that the machining error information does not meet the preset compensation condition, and stopping compensation machining of the measuring surface;

step S304: and when the machining error information is not matched with the tolerance range, determining that the machining error information meets the preset compensation condition, and acquiring a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface based on the machining error information.

Therefore, the preset compensation condition is associated with the tolerance range of the measuring surface to ensure that the workpiece meets the machining precision requirement, and whether compensation machining is needed to be carried out on the measuring surface is judged by judging whether the machining error information of the measuring surface is matched with the tolerance range or not, instead of carrying out compensation machining on each measuring surface, so that the machining efficiency is ensured; and when the determined machining error information meets the preset compensation condition, based on the machining error information, the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface is obtained in a self-adaptive manner without manually calculating a tool path compensation value and selecting a compensation mode, and meanwhile, the error operation of manually inputting the tool path compensation value and selecting the compensation mode is avoided.

The tolerance range is a range in which the size of the workpiece is allowed to fluctuate, i.e., a value between upper and lower allowable deviations, for example, the upper allowable deviation limit is +0.01, the lower allowable deviation limit is-0.005, and the tolerance range is 0.015; the embodiment of the present application does not limit the representation of the tolerance range, and may be, for example, ± 0.05mm, ± 0.01mm, ± 0.1mm, (-0.000, + 0.042), (-0.15, + 0.35) or (-0.0040, + 0.015).

In other optional embodiments, after obtaining the error information of the measurement surface, the tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface is directly obtained.

Therefore, when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for lathing, one or more of tool radius compensation information and tool length compensation information are selected in a self-adaptive manner; when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for milling, one or more of tool radius compensation information, tool length compensation information and coordinate system compensation information are selected in a self-adaptive mode; the self-adaptive tool path selection compensation strategy does not depend on experience and subjectivity judgment of operators, manual operation can be replaced, detection efficiency is effectively improved, and labor cost is saved. In other alternative embodiments, the tool path compensation strategy includes tool radius compensation information, tool length compensation information, or coordinate system compensation information.

In some optional embodiments, the obtaining a tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface based on the machining error information (i.e., step S304) may include:

for each training data in the training set, performing the following:

detecting whether a preset training end condition is met or not; if yes, the trained deep learning model is used as the tool path compensation model; and if not, continuing to train the deep learning model by using the next training data.

Therefore, the mode of predicting the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface through the tool path compensation model does not depend on a human perception system and subjective judgment, manual operation is replaced, the tool path compensation strategy is accurately and quickly obtained, and the requirement on the technical capability of an operator is low; the tool path compensation model can be trained through the training set, the accuracy of the prediction data of the tool path compensation model to the tool path compensation strategy is continuously improved based on a large amount of training data, the data training of multiple training sets can be carried out aiming at different tool path compensation modes, the application range is wide, the accuracy and the efficiency of prediction are high, and the intelligent degree is high.

In this embodiment, the network structure of the preset deep learning model is not limited, and may be a U-type network, a CNN, or the like. The loss function may be, for example, an L1 loss function or an L2 loss function. The preset training end condition may be set according to actual requirements, and the present application does not limit the condition at all. In one embodiment, the preset training end condition may be that a preset number of training times is reached.

In other optional embodiments, based on the machining error information, a tool path compensation strategy for the measurement surface is formulated according to experience of an operator.

In some optional embodiments, the method may further comprise:

step S107: and performing compensation processing on the measuring surface based on the compensation tool path of the measuring surface.

Therefore, the compensation tool path based on the measuring surface carries out compensation processing on the measuring surface in a self-adaptive manner, so that the workpiece meets the processing precision requirement.

In an optional embodiment, theoretical characteristic information and measurement height of the disc-type workpiece are obtained; positioning a measuring surface of the disc type workpiece based on theoretical characteristic information and measuring height of the disc type workpiece; acquiring position information of one or more measuring points of the measuring surface in a preset direction; acquiring a measuring path based on the position information of one or more measuring points of the measuring surface; performing on-machine measurement on the measuring surface based on the measuring path to obtain measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface; acquiring the machining error information of the measuring surface based on the measuring characteristic information of the measuring surface and the theoretical characteristic information of the disc type workpiece; acquiring a tolerance range of the measuring surface; judging whether the processing error information of the measuring surface is matched with the tolerance range or not; when the machining error information is matched with the tolerance range, determining that the machining error information does not meet the preset compensation condition, and stopping compensation machining of the measuring surface; when the machining error information is not matched with the tolerance range, determining that the machining error information meets the preset compensation condition, and inputting the machining error information of the measuring surface into a tool path compensation model to obtain a tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface; when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for lathing, the tool path compensation strategy comprises one or more of tool radius compensation information and tool length compensation information; when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for milling, the tool path compensation strategy comprises one or more of tool radius compensation information, tool length compensation information and coordinate system compensation information; generating a compensation tool path of the measuring surface based on the tool path compensation strategy of the measuring surface; and performing compensation processing on the measuring surface based on the compensation tool path of the measuring surface.

In a specific implementation mode, the method is suitable for turning a circular workpiece, and theoretical characteristic information of the circular workpiece is obtained based on a three-dimensional design file of the circular workpiece, wherein the theoretical characteristic information of the circular workpiece comprises a theoretical inner diameter of the workpiece of 1.3000 m, a theoretical outer diameter of 1.5000 m, a theoretical axial height of 0.0200 m and a tolerance range of +/-0.5 mm; obtaining the measuring height of the circular workpiece to be 0.0200 m, and positioning the measuring surface to be the upper end surface of the circular workpiece; planning a measuring point on the inner ring circumference and the outer ring circumference of the upper end face of the circular workpiece at a distance of 0.01 cm, planning a measuring path of a measuring head of a numerical control machine tool based on coordinate information of the measuring point, carrying out on-machine measurement on the upper end face of the circular workpiece by the measuring head according to the measuring path so as to acquire the actual position and the measuring characteristic information of the workpiece, and applying the measuring characteristic information to a computer software algorithm (software can be tool path planning software UltraFIT, for example); for example, the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface is 1.3055 m and 1.5005 m, the measurement characteristic information is compared with the theoretical characteristic information to obtain the processing error information of the measurement surface, namely the inner diameter processing error is 0.0055 m and the outer diameter processing error is 0.0005 m, meanwhile, the processing error of the measurement surface is compared with the tolerance range to obtain that the inner diameter processing error is 0.0055 m and is not matched with the tolerance range, and the outer diameter processing error is 0.0005 m and is matched with the tolerance range; the preset compensation condition is, for example, that the machining error information exceeds the tolerance range by +0.5cm, at this time, the outer diameter machining error does not satisfy the preset compensation condition, but the inner diameter machining error satisfies the preset compensation condition, so that the machining error information of the upper end surface of the circular workpiece is applied to a prestored tool path compensation strategy model, the tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface is obtained, the compensation tool path of the measurement surface is generated, and the compensation tool path based on the measurement surface performs compensation processing on the measurement surface.

(apparatus embodiment)

The embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, and a specific embodiment of the electronic device is consistent with the embodiments described in the foregoing method embodiments and achieves technical effects, and details of which are not repeated.

An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a memory and at least one processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the at least one processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:

In some optional embodiments, when the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, the following manner is adopted to obtain the tool path compensation strategy of the measurement surface when the machining error information of the measurement surface meets a preset compensation condition:

acquiring a tolerance range of the measuring surface;

In some optional embodiments, when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for lathing, the tool path compensation strategy comprises one or more of tool radius compensation information and tool length compensation information;

for each training data in the training set, performing the following:

inputting the processing error information of the sample measuring surface in the training data into a preset deep learning model to obtain prediction data of a tool path compensation strategy corresponding to the processing error information of the sample measuring surface;

In some alternative embodiments, the computer program when executed by the at least one processor further performs the steps of:

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The electronic device 10 may comprise, for example, at least one memory 11, at least one processor 12, and a bus 13 connecting the different platform systems.

The memory 11 may include readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) 111 and/or cache memory 112, and may further include Read Only Memory (ROM) 113.

Wherein the memory 11 further stores a computer program that can be executed by the processor 12 such that the processor 12 implements the steps of any of the above methods.

Memory 11 may also include a utility 114 having at least one program module 115, such program modules 115 including, but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which, or some combination thereof, may comprise an implementation of a network environment.

Accordingly, the processor 12 may execute the computer programs described above, and may execute the utility 114.

The processor 12 may employ one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), field-Programmable Gate arrays (FPGAs), or other electronic components.

Bus 13 may be one or more of any of several types of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.

The electronic device 10 may also communicate with one or more external devices, such as a keyboard, pointing device, bluetooth device, etc., as well as with one or more devices capable of interacting with the electronic device 10, and/or with any device (e.g., router, modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device 10 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. This communication may be via the input output interface 14. Also, the electronic device 10 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network such as the Internet) via the network adapter 15. The network adapter 15 may communicate with other modules of the electronic device 10 via the bus 13. It should be understood that although not shown in the figures, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device 10 in a practical application, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processors, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage platforms, to name a few.

The embodiment of the application further provides a numerical control machine tool which comprises any one of the electronic devices.

(media embodiment)

An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any one of the methods are implemented or the functions of any one of the electronic devices are implemented, and a specific embodiment of the computer program is consistent with the embodiments and the achieved technical effects described in the method embodiments, and some contents are not described again.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a program product provided in an embodiment of the present application.

The program product is for implementing any of the methods described above. The program product may employ a portable compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and may be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of the present invention is not limited in this respect, and in the embodiments of the present application, the readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program product may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

A computer readable storage medium may include a propagated data signal with readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable storage medium may also be any readable medium that can communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the C language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server. In situations involving remote computing devices, the remote computing devices may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to external computing devices (e.g., through the internet using an internet service provider).

While the present application is described in terms of various aspects, including exemplary embodiments, the principles of the invention should not be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but are also intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tool path planning method, characterized in that the method comprises:

2. The tool path planning method according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is a disc-type workpiece and/or a ring-type workpiece.

3. The tool path planning method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the measurement characteristic information of the measurement surface by using an on-machine measurement mode includes:

4. The tool path planning method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the tool path compensation strategy for the measurement surface when the machining error information of the measurement surface meets a preset compensation condition includes:

acquiring a tolerance range of the measuring surface;

5. The tool path planning method according to claim 4, wherein when the tool path compensation strategy is suitable for lathing, the tool path compensation strategy comprises one or more of tool radius compensation information and tool length compensation information;

6. The tool path planning method according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining of the tool path compensation strategy for the measurement surface based on the machining error information includes:

for each training data in the training set, performing the following:

7. The tool path planning method of claim 1, further comprising:

8. An electronic device, comprising a memory and at least one processor, the memory storing a computer program, the at least one processor when executing the computer program implementing the steps of:

9. A numerically controlled machine tool, characterized in that it comprises an electronic device according to claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.