CN115979978A - A method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water - Google Patents

A method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water Download PDF

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CN115979978A
CN115979978A CN202211703846.2A CN202211703846A CN115979978A CN 115979978 A CN115979978 A CN 115979978A CN 202211703846 A CN202211703846 A CN 202211703846A CN 115979978 A CN115979978 A CN 115979978A
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ammonia nitrogen
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seawater
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黄旭雄
薛毓才
金娜
黄辰辰
晋亚琪
孙钧林
张健
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Shanghai Ocean University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,包括以海水养殖水体作为待测样品,过滤并测定待测样品的盐度;配制氨氮储备液、空白溶液、标准溶液、样品溶液、试剂A‑C,以吸光值为纵坐标、氨氮浓度为横坐标绘制标准曲线,拟合得到标准曲线方程,移取同等体积的样品溶液测定吸光度,根据标准曲线方程获得海水养殖池塘氨氮浓度。本发明通过添加氢氧化钠溶液提高反应体系pH,屏蔽海水样品中钙、镁、铁、锰等离子干扰,实现在盐度30以下海水和半咸水中用碘化汞钾溶液络合水体中氨显色,通过分光光度计比色测定氨氮含量,所需试剂用量少、反应稳定时间长、适用范围广、精准度、重复性好,适用于各种海水养殖水体。

Figure 202211703846

The invention discloses a method for measuring the ammonia nitrogen content of seawater aquaculture water, which comprises the steps of taking the seawater aquaculture water as a sample to be tested, filtering and measuring the salinity of the sample to be tested; preparing ammonia nitrogen stock solution, blank solution, standard solution, sample solution and reagent A-C, draw a standard curve with the absorbance value as the ordinate and the ammonia nitrogen concentration as the abscissa, fit the standard curve equation, pipette the same volume of sample solution to measure the absorbance, and obtain the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the mariculture pond according to the standard curve equation. The present invention increases the pH of the reaction system by adding sodium hydroxide solution, shields the interference of calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and other ions in seawater samples, and realizes ammonia in the complex water body with mercuric potassium iodide solution in seawater and brackish water with a salinity below 30. Color, the ammonia nitrogen content is determined by spectrophotometer colorimetry, the required amount of reagents is small, the reaction stability time is long, the application range is wide, the accuracy and repeatability are good, and it is suitable for various marine aquaculture water bodies.

Figure 202211703846

Description

一种测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法A method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及环境检测分析领域,具体涉及一种测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法。The invention relates to the field of environmental detection and analysis, in particular to a method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water.

背景技术Background technique

氨氮是养殖水体中常见的污染物,是海水养殖对象蛋白质分解代谢、残饵和粪便分解的主要产物,在养殖过程中会在水体中积累。水体中过高的氨氮会对养殖对象的生长、成活、健康造成负面影响,造成经济损失,因此海水养殖的生产中,能够方便、快捷、通用的测定海水养殖池塘氨氮含量具有重要意义。Ammonia nitrogen is a common pollutant in aquaculture water, and it is the main product of protein catabolism, residual bait and feces decomposition of marine aquaculture objects, and it will accumulate in water during the aquaculture process. Excessive ammonia nitrogen in the water body will negatively affect the growth, survival, and health of the cultured objects, and cause economic losses. Therefore, in the production of mariculture, it is of great significance to be able to measure the ammonia nitrogen content of mariculture ponds conveniently, quickly and universally.

海水中测定氨氮的方法,常用的有次溴酸钠氧化法,其原理是在碱性条件下,次溴酸钠将海水中的氨氧化为亚硝酸盐,用重氮-偶氮分光光度法测得亚硝酸盐氮的总量,扣除原有的亚硝酸盐含量,得到氮氨的浓度。该方法中对实验试剂要求较高,其中次溴酸钠溶液在自然情况下易分解,不容易保存,而且该方法所涉及的试剂较多,步骤复杂,不方便在生产中直接使用。像海水养殖池塘水体这种含有较多污染物、有机质和亚硝酸盐的样品中,此方法往往因为各种污染物的干扰,造成重复性、精确度差的结果。此外,海水中测定氨氮还能采用靛酚蓝分光光度法,其原理为在次氯酸作用下氨氧化生成氯胺,氯胺与苯酚反应生成靛酚蓝络合物,利用分光光度计检测该络合物在640nm处的吸光度,但该方法灵敏度低,耗时长,所需的试剂复杂,线性范围小,同样不适用于海水养殖现场水体中氨氮测定。The method for determining ammonia nitrogen in seawater is the sodium hypobromite oxidation method commonly used. The principle is that under alkaline conditions, sodium hypobromite oxidizes ammonia in seawater to nitrite, and the diazo-azo spectrophotometric method is used to The total amount of nitrite nitrogen is measured, and the original nitrite content is deducted to obtain the concentration of nitrogen and ammonia. In this method, the requirements for experimental reagents are relatively high, and sodium hypobromite solution is easy to decompose under natural conditions, and it is not easy to preserve, and the method involves many reagents, complicated steps, and is inconvenient for direct use in production. In samples containing more pollutants, organic matter and nitrite, such as mariculture pond water, this method often results in poor repeatability and accuracy due to the interference of various pollutants. In addition, indophenol blue spectrophotometry can also be used to measure ammonia nitrogen in seawater. The principle is that under the action of hypochlorous acid, ammonia is oxidized to form chloramine, and chloramine reacts with phenol to form indophenol blue complex, which is detected by spectrophotometer. The absorbance of the complex at 640nm, but this method has low sensitivity, takes a long time, requires complex reagents, and has a small linear range, and is also not suitable for the determination of ammonia nitrogen in water in mariculture sites.

纳氏试剂分光光度法测定氨氮是淡水测定氨氮良好方法,在碱性环境中,氨能与碘化汞钾溶液反应生成红棕色胶态化合物,此颜色在较宽的波长内强烈吸收,且该络合物的吸收光度与氨氮含量成正比,通常测量用波长在410-425nm。但当水样中钙镁等离子过高时,会与反应试剂反应产生浑浊或沉淀而干扰测定,通常无法在海水或含有海水等含高钙、镁、铁、锰等离子的水样测定。例如,中国专利申请(CN202111190348)公开一种用纳氏试剂分光光度法测定海水中氨氮含量的方法,但该方法中酒石酸钾钠溶液和纳氏试剂的用量大,总量达到了待测样品的90%,且需要根据盐度调节反应所需的酒石酸钾钠溶液的浓度,在生产中不能直接通用,实际操作麻烦,不适合于海水养殖。The determination of ammonia nitrogen by Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry is a good method for the determination of ammonia nitrogen in fresh water. In an alkaline environment, ammonia can react with mercury potassium iodide solution to form a reddish-brown colloidal compound. This color is strongly absorbed in a wider wavelength, and the The absorbance of the complex is directly proportional to the content of ammonia nitrogen, and the wavelength used for measurement is usually 410-425nm. However, when the calcium and magnesium ions in the water sample are too high, they will react with the reagents to produce turbidity or precipitation and interfere with the measurement. Usually, it cannot be measured in seawater or water samples containing high calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and other ions. For example, Chinese patent application (CN202111190348) discloses a method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater by Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry, but in this method, the consumption of potassium sodium tartrate solution and Nessler's reagent is large, and the total amount reaches the concentration of the sample to be tested. 90%, and the concentration of potassium sodium tartrate solution required for the reaction needs to be adjusted according to the salinity, which cannot be used directly in production, and the actual operation is cumbersome, and is not suitable for mariculture.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术的上述不足,本发明的目的是提供一种测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,试剂用量少,适用于各种盐度的养殖水体,操作便捷,适合在海水养殖直接使用。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the ammonia nitrogen content in mariculture water, with less reagent consumption, suitable for aquaculture water with various salinities, convenient operation, and suitable for direct use in mariculture.

为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

本发明提供一种测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,包括以下步骤:The invention provides a method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water, comprising the following steps:

步骤1:样品预处理;Step 1: Sample pretreatment;

取海水养殖水体作为待测样品,其经过0.45μm的针式滤器过滤置于锥形瓶内,并测定待测样品的盐度;Take the mariculture water body as the sample to be tested, filter it through a needle filter of 0.45 μm and place it in the Erlenmeyer flask, and measure the salinity of the sample to be tested;

步骤2:试剂制备,包括:Step 2: Reagent preparation, including:

1g/L氨氮储备液:将氯化铵(AR)置于105℃烘箱干燥2h以上,称取3.819g,用去离子水溶解定容于1L;1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution: place ammonium chloride (AR) in an oven at 105°C for more than 2 hours, weigh 3.819g, dissolve it in deionized water and set the volume to 1L;

空白溶液:与待测样品盐度相同的无氨海水;Blank solution: ammonia-free seawater with the same salinity as the sample to be tested;

标准溶液:用空白溶液作为稀释液将氨氮储备液稀释成不同浓度的氨氮标准溶液;Standard solution: use the blank solution as the diluent to dilute the ammonia nitrogen stock solution into ammonia nitrogen standard solutions of different concentrations;

样品溶液:经过预处理的样品溶液,若样品氨氮浓度过高可以用空白溶液稀释;Sample solution: pretreated sample solution, if the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the sample is too high, it can be diluted with blank solution;

试剂A:酒石酸钾钠溶液;Reagent A: sodium potassium tartrate solution;

试剂B:氢氧化钠溶液;Reagent B: sodium hydroxide solution;

试剂C:碘化汞钾溶液;Reagent C: potassium mercury iodide solution;

步骤3:标准曲线绘制,包括Step 3: Standard curve drawing, including

(3a)分别取一定体积所述标准溶液,置于不同的试管或比色管中;(3a) Take a certain volume of the standard solution respectively, and place in different test tubes or colorimetric tubes;

(3b)以标准溶液体积为参照,各加入体积比5:0.1-0.2的试剂A,立即混匀,随后立即加入体积比5:0.1-0.2的试剂B,立即混匀;(3b) Taking the volume of the standard solution as a reference, add reagent A with a volume ratio of 5:0.1-0.2 and mix immediately, then immediately add reagent B with a volume ratio of 5:0.1-0.2 and mix immediately;

(3c)以标准溶液体积为参照,各加入体积比5:0.1-0.2的试剂C,混匀,静置10min,待颜色稳定;(3c) Taking the volume of the standard solution as a reference, add reagent C with a volume ratio of 5:0.1-0.2, mix well, and let stand for 10 minutes until the color is stable;

(3d)用分光光度计在波长420nm下,取1cm比色皿,以去离子水校零,测定吸光值;(3d) Use a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420nm, take a 1cm cuvette, zero it with deionized water, and measure the absorbance;

(3e)以吸光值为纵坐标,氨氮浓度(mg/L)为横坐标,绘制标准曲线,经拟合得到标准曲线方程;(3e) take the absorbance value as the ordinate, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration (mg/L) as the abscissa, draw a standard curve, and obtain the standard curve equation through fitting;

步骤4:样品测定,包括:Step 4: Sample determination, including:

参照标准曲线溶液,移取同等体积的样品溶液,置于试管中;按照步骤3中(3b)-(3e)测定样品溶液的吸光度;With reference to the standard curve solution, pipette an equal volume of sample solution and place it in a test tube; measure the absorbance of the sample solution according to (3b)-(3e) in step 3;

步骤5:将样品管与标准曲线方程比对,获得海水养殖池塘氨氮浓度。Step 5: Compare the sample tube with the standard curve equation to obtain the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the mariculture pond.

作为优选,所述试剂A的浓度为0.25-0.5g/mL,取25-50g酒石酸钾钠用去离子水溶解定容于100mL。As a preference, the concentration of the reagent A is 0.25-0.5 g/mL, 25-50 g of potassium sodium tartrate is dissolved in deionized water and fixed to 100 mL.

作为优选,所述试剂B的浓度为0.4-0.5g/mL,取40-50g氢氧化钠用去离子水溶解定容于100mL。As a preference, the concentration of the reagent B is 0.4-0.5 g/mL, 40-50 g of sodium hydroxide is dissolved in deionized water and fixed to 100 mL.

作为优选,所述试剂C的配制方法为:取7g碘化钾用去离子水溶解,继续称取10g碘化汞溶于碘化钾溶液中,定容于100mL。Preferably, the preparation method of the reagent C is as follows: take 7 g of potassium iodide and dissolve it in deionized water, continue to weigh 10 g of mercury iodide and dissolve it in the potassium iodide solution, and set the volume to 100 mL.

作为优选,所述标准溶液的氨氮浓度为0-2mg/L,采用所述空白溶液与氨氮储备溶液至少配制5个不同氨氮浓度的标准溶液。Preferably, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the standard solution is 0-2 mg/L, and at least 5 standard solutions with different ammonia nitrogen concentrations are prepared by using the blank solution and the ammonia nitrogen stock solution.

作为优选,最低检出限为0.05mg/L。Preferably, the minimum detection limit is 0.05mg/L.

作为优选,所述待测样品选自盐度不超过30‰的海水样品。Preferably, the sample to be tested is selected from seawater samples with a salinity not exceeding 30‰.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1)本发明测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法是通过在反应体系中添加氢氧化钠溶液,提高反应体系pH,增强酒石酸钾钠的屏蔽能力,可以屏蔽海水样品中钙、镁、铁、锰等离子的干扰,实现在0-30‰海水中用碘化汞钾溶液络合水体中的氨显色,通过分光光度计比色测定海水养殖水体中的氨氮含量,具有反应稳定时间长,适用范围广泛,精准度、重复性好的特点。(1) the present invention measures the method for the ammonia nitrogen content of mariculture water body by adding sodium hydroxide solution in reaction system, improves reaction system pH, strengthens the shielding ability of potassium sodium tartrate, can shield calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese in seawater sample Plasma interference, realize the color development of ammonia in the complex water body with mercuric potassium iodide solution in 0-30‰ seawater, and measure the ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water by spectrophotometer colorimetry, with long reaction stability time and wide application range Wide range, good accuracy and repeatability.

(2)本发明使用的试剂种类简单,试剂使用量很少,仅为待测液体积的2%-4%,减少污染,节约成本,操作简单,对于不同盐度的海水养殖水体均通用,可以简化为快速检测试剂盒,通过分光光度计比色适合在生产实践中快速使用。(2) The type of reagent used in the present invention is simple, and the amount of reagent used is only 2%-4% of the volume of the liquid to be tested, which reduces pollution, saves costs, and is simple to operate. It can be simplified as a rapid detection kit, and is suitable for rapid use in production practice by colorimetric spectrophotometer.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是实施例中盐度30‰下的氨氮标准曲线。Fig. 1 is the ammonia nitrogen standard curve under salinity 30‰ in the embodiment.

图2是实施例中盐度20‰下的氨氮标准曲线。Fig. 2 is the ammonia nitrogen standard curve under salinity 20‰ in the embodiment.

图3是实施例中盐度10‰下的氨氮标准曲线。Fig. 3 is the ammonia nitrogen standard curve under salinity 10‰ in the embodiment.

图4是实施例中盐度5‰下的氨氮标准曲线。Fig. 4 is the ammonia nitrogen standard curve under salinity 5‰ in the embodiment.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例的附图对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

盐度30‰下海水养殖池塘养殖水体样品的氨氮浓度测定,配制如下试剂或溶液:For the determination of the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the water body samples in the mariculture ponds with a salinity of 30‰, prepare the following reagents or solutions:

无氨海水:用盐度为90‰的无氨卤水(经针式滤器过滤),用无氨去离子水稀释到盐度为30‰。Ammonia-free seawater: use ammonia-free brine with a salinity of 90‰ (filtered through a needle filter), and dilute it with ammonia-free deionized water to a salinity of 30‰.

1g/L氨氮储备液:将氯化铵置于105℃烘箱干燥2h以上,称取3.819g用去离子水溶解定容于1L。1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution: place ammonium chloride in an oven at 105°C for more than 2 hours, weigh 3.819g and dissolve it in deionized water to make up to 1L.

待测样品:用无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制而成,盐度为30‰氨氮含量为0.3、0.5、0.8mg/L的待测样品。Samples to be tested: Prepared with ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, the samples to be tested with a salinity of 30‰ and ammonia nitrogen content of 0.3, 0.5, 0.8 mg/L.

标准溶液:无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制而成,盐度为30‰氨氮含量分别为0、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、1.0、1.5、2.0mg/L的标准溶液。Standard solution: prepared from ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, with a salinity of 30‰, standard solutions with ammonia nitrogen contents of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0mg/L.

试剂A:称取25g酒石酸钾钠用去离子水加热溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.25g/mL的酒石酸钾钠溶液。Reagent A: Weigh 25g of potassium sodium tartrate and heat it to dissolve with deionized water, after cooling, dilute to 100mL, and prepare 0.25g/mL potassium sodium tartrate solution.

试剂B:称取40g氢氧化钠用去离子水溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.4g/mL的氢氧化钠溶液。Reagent B: Weigh 40g of sodium hydroxide and dissolve it in deionized water. After cooling, dilute to 100mL to prepare a 0.4g/mL sodium hydroxide solution.

试剂C:称取7g碘化钾用去离子水溶解,继续称取10g碘化汞溶于碘化钾溶液中,定容至100mL,配制成0.17g/mL的碘化汞钾溶液。Reagent C: Weigh 7g of potassium iodide and dissolve it in deionized water, continue to weigh 10g of mercury iodide and dissolve it in the potassium iodide solution, set the volume to 100mL, and prepare a 0.17g/mL potassium mercury iodide solution.

测定步骤:Determination steps:

1)标准曲线绘制1) Standard curve drawing

分别取5mL不同氨氮浓度的标准溶液于15mL试管中,向每一试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值。以吸光度值为纵坐标,氨氮浓度为横坐标,绘制标准曲线(图1)。Take 5mL standard solutions of different ammonia nitrogen concentrations in 15mL test tubes, add 150μL reagent A to each test tube in turn, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent C, mix well, wait for 10 minutes, Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 420 nm with deionized water as a reference. Take the absorbance as the ordinate and the ammonia nitrogen concentration as the abscissa to draw a standard curve (Fig. 1).

2)样品测定2) Sample determination

取5mL待测样品15mL试管中,向试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值,根据标准曲线计算测定值,每个样品测定3个重复。Take 5mL of the sample to be tested in a 15mL test tube, add 150μL of reagent A to the test tube, mix immediately, add 150μL of reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL of reagent C, mix, wait for 10 minutes, and use a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420nm Next, deionized water was used as a reference to measure the absorbance value, and the measured value was calculated according to the standard curve, and each sample was measured in triplicate.

如图1所示,标准曲线为y=0.183x+0.0461,R2=0.9994,可见在0-2mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性。As shown in Figure 1, the standard curve is y=0.183x+0.0461, R 2 =0.9994, showing good linearity in the range of 0-2mg/L.

测定结果如表1所示,测定结果与实际值基本吻合,且变异系数小于5%,具备良好的准确性和重复性。The measurement results are shown in Table 1, and the measurement results are basically consistent with the actual values, and the coefficient of variation is less than 5%, with good accuracy and repeatability.

表1:盐度为30‰的海水中样品测定Table 1: Determination of samples in seawater with a salinity of 30‰

Figure BDA0004025564570000041
Figure BDA0004025564570000041

Figure BDA0004025564570000051
Figure BDA0004025564570000051

实施例2Example 2

盐度20‰下样品的氨氮浓度测定,配制如下试剂或溶液:For the determination of the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the sample at a salinity of 20‰, prepare the following reagents or solutions:

无氨海水:用盐度为90‰的无氨卤水(经针式滤器过滤),用无氨去离子水稀释到盐度为20‰。Ammonia-free seawater: use ammonia-free brine with a salinity of 90‰ (filtered through a needle filter), and dilute it with ammonia-free deionized water to a salinity of 20‰.

1g/L氨氮储备液:将氯化铵置于105℃烘箱干燥2h以上,称取3.819g用去离子水溶解定容于1L。1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution: place ammonium chloride in an oven at 105°C for more than 2 hours, weigh 3.819g and dissolve it in deionized water to make up to 1L.

待测样品:用无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制成,盐度为20‰氨氮含量为0.3、0.5、0.8mg/L的待测样品。Sample to be tested: Prepared with ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, with a salinity of 20‰, samples to be tested with ammonia nitrogen content of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.8 mg/L.

标准溶液:无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制成,盐度为20‰氨氮含量分别为0、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、1.0、1.5、2.0mg/L的标准溶液。Standard solution: prepared from ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, with a salinity of 20‰, standard solutions with ammonia nitrogen contents of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/L.

试剂A:称取25g酒石酸钾钠用去离子水加热溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.25g/mL酒石酸钾钠溶液.Reagent A: Weigh 25g of potassium sodium tartrate and heat to dissolve with deionized water, after cooling, make the volume to 100mL, and prepare 0.25g/mL potassium sodium tartrate solution.

试剂B:称取40g氢氧化钠用去离子水溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.4g/mL氢氧化钠溶液。Reagent B: Weigh 40g of sodium hydroxide and dissolve it in deionized water. After cooling, dilute to 100mL to prepare a 0.4g/mL sodium hydroxide solution.

试剂C:称取7g碘化钾用去离子水溶解,继续称取10g碘化汞溶于碘化钾溶液中,定容至100mL,配制成0.17g/mL碘化汞钾溶液。Reagent C: Weigh 7g of potassium iodide and dissolve it in deionized water, continue to weigh 10g of mercury iodide and dissolve it in the potassium iodide solution, dilute to 100mL, and prepare a 0.17g/mL potassium mercury iodide solution.

测定步骤:Determination steps:

1)标准曲线绘制1) Standard curve drawing

分别取5mL不同氨氮浓度的标准溶液于15mL试管中,向每一试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值。以吸光度值为纵坐标,氨氮浓度为横坐标,绘制标准曲线(图2)。Take 5mL standard solutions of different ammonia nitrogen concentrations in 15mL test tubes, add 150μL reagent A to each test tube in turn, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent C, mix well, wait for 10 minutes, Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 420 nm with deionized water as a reference. Take the absorbance as the ordinate and the ammonia nitrogen concentration as the abscissa to draw a standard curve (Fig. 2).

2)样品测定2) Sample determination

取5mL待测样品15mL试管中,向试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值,根据标准曲线计算测定值,每个样品测定3个重复。Take 5mL of the sample to be tested in a 15mL test tube, add 150μL of reagent A to the test tube, mix immediately, add 150μL of reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL of reagent C, mix, wait for 10 minutes, and use a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420nm Next, deionized water was used as a reference to measure the absorbance value, and the measured value was calculated according to the standard curve, and each sample was measured in triplicate.

如图2所示,标准曲线为y=0.2082x+0.0592,R2=0.9991,可见在0-2mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性。As shown in Figure 2, the standard curve is y=0.2082x+0.0592, R 2 =0.9991, which shows good linearity in the range of 0-2 mg/L.

测定结果如表2所示,测定结果与实际值基本吻合,且变异系数小于5%,具备良好的准确性和重复性。The measurement results are shown in Table 2, the measurement results are basically consistent with the actual values, and the coefficient of variation is less than 5%, with good accuracy and repeatability.

表2:盐度为20‰的海水中样品测定Table 2: Determination of samples in seawater with a salinity of 20‰

样品(mg/mL)Sample (mg/mL) 平均值(mg/mL)Mean (mg/mL) 标准差(mg/mL)Standard deviation (mg/mL) 变异系数(%)Coefficient of variation (%) 回收率(%)Recovery rate(%) 0.30.3 0.300.30 0.010.01 3.83.8 97-10597-105 0.50.5 0.490.49 0.020.02 3.93.9 94-10294-102 0.80.8 0.810.81 0.010.01 1.81.8 99-10299-102

实施例3Example 3

盐度10‰下样品的氨氮浓度测定,配制如下试剂或溶液:For the determination of the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the sample at a salinity of 10‰, prepare the following reagents or solutions:

无氨海水:用盐度为90‰的无氨卤水(经针式滤器过滤),用无氨去离子水稀释到盐度为10‰。Ammonia-free seawater: Use ammonia-free brine with a salinity of 90‰ (filtered through a needle filter) and dilute it with ammonia-free deionized water to a salinity of 10‰.

1g/L氨氮储备液:将氯化铵置于105℃烘箱干燥2h以上,称取3.819g用去离子水溶解定容于1L。1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution: place ammonium chloride in an oven at 105°C for more than 2 hours, weigh 3.819g and dissolve it in deionized water to make up to 1L.

待测样品:用无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制成,盐度为10‰氨氮含量为0.3、0.5、0.8mg/L的待测样品。Sample to be tested: Prepared with ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, with a salinity of 10‰, samples to be tested with ammonia nitrogen content of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.8mg/L.

标准溶液:无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制成,盐度为10‰氨氮含量分别为0、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、1.0、1.5、2.0mg/L的标准溶液。Standard solution: Ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution are prepared, and the salinity is 10‰ standard solution with ammonia nitrogen content of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0mg/L respectively.

试剂A:称取25g酒石酸钾钠用去离子水加热溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.25g/mL酒石酸钾钠溶液.Reagent A: Weigh 25g of potassium sodium tartrate and heat to dissolve with deionized water, after cooling, make the volume to 100mL, and prepare 0.25g/mL potassium sodium tartrate solution.

试剂B:称取40g氢氧化钠用去离子水溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.4g/mL氢氧化钠溶液。Reagent B: Weigh 40g of sodium hydroxide and dissolve it in deionized water. After cooling, dilute to 100mL to prepare a 0.4g/mL sodium hydroxide solution.

试剂C:称取7g碘化钾用去离子水溶解,继续称取10g碘化汞溶于碘化钾溶液中,定容至100mL,配制成0.17g/mL碘化汞钾溶液。Reagent C: Weigh 7g of potassium iodide and dissolve it in deionized water, continue to weigh 10g of mercury iodide and dissolve it in the potassium iodide solution, dilute to 100mL, and prepare a 0.17g/mL potassium mercury iodide solution.

测定步骤:Determination steps:

1)标准曲线绘制1) Standard curve drawing

分别取5mL不同氨氮浓度的标准溶液于15mL试管中,向每一试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值。以吸光度值为纵坐标,氨氮浓度为横坐标,绘制标准曲线(图2)。Take 5mL standard solutions of different ammonia nitrogen concentrations in 15mL test tubes, add 150μL reagent A to each test tube in turn, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent C, mix well, wait for 10 minutes, Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 420 nm with deionized water as a reference. Take the absorbance as the ordinate and the ammonia nitrogen concentration as the abscissa to draw a standard curve (Fig. 2).

2)样品测定2) Sample determination

取5mL待测样品15mL试管中,向试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值,根据标准曲线计算测定值,每个样品测定3个重复。Take 5mL of the sample to be tested in a 15mL test tube, add 150μL of reagent A to the test tube, mix immediately, add 150μL of reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL of reagent C, mix, wait for 10 minutes, and use a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420nm Next, deionized water was used as a reference to measure the absorbance value, and the measured value was calculated according to the standard curve, and each sample was measured in triplicate.

如图3所示,标准曲线为y=0.2201x+0.0253,R2=0.9988,可见在0-2mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性。As shown in Fig. 3, the standard curve is y=0.2201x+0.0253, R 2 =0.9988, showing good linearity in the range of 0-2 mg/L.

测定结果如表3所示,测定结果与实际值基本吻合,且变异系数小于5%,具备良好的准确性和重复性。The measurement results are shown in Table 3, the measurement results are basically consistent with the actual values, and the coefficient of variation is less than 5%, with good accuracy and repeatability.

表3:盐度为10‰的海水中样品测定Table 3: Determination of samples in seawater with a salinity of 10‰

样品(mg/mL)Sample (mg/mL) 平均值(mg/mL)Mean (mg/mL) 标准差(mg/mL)Standard deviation (mg/mL) 变异系数(%)Coefficient of variation (%) 回收率(%)Recovery rate(%) 0.30.3 0.300.30 0.010.01 3.03.0 96-10496-104 0.50.5 0.510.51 0.020.02 3.13.1 98-10598-105 0.80.8 0.800.80 0.030.03 3.63.6 96-10496-104

实施例4Example 4

盐度5‰下样品的氨氮浓度测定,配制如下试剂或溶液:For the determination of the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the sample at a salinity of 5‰, prepare the following reagents or solutions:

无氨海水:用盐度为90‰的无氨卤水(经针式滤器过滤),用无氨去离子水稀释到盐度为5‰。Ammonia-free seawater: Use ammonia-free brine with a salinity of 90‰ (filtered through a needle filter) and dilute it with ammonia-free deionized water to a salinity of 5‰.

1g/L氨氮储备液:将氯化铵置于105℃烘箱干燥2h以上,称取3.819g用去离子水溶解定容于1L。1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution: place ammonium chloride in an oven at 105°C for more than 2 hours, weigh 3.819g and dissolve it in deionized water to make up to 1L.

待测样品:用无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制成,盐度为5‰氨氮含量为0.3、0.5、0.8mg/L的待测样品。Samples to be tested: Prepared with ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, with a salinity of 5‰, samples to be tested with ammonia nitrogen content of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.8mg/L.

标准溶液:无氨海水和1g/L氨氮储备液配制成,盐度为5‰氨氮含量分别为0、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、1.0、1.5、2.0mg/L的标准溶液。Standard solution: prepared from ammonia-free seawater and 1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution, with a salinity of 5‰, standard solutions with ammonia nitrogen contents of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0mg/L.

试剂A:称取25g酒石酸钾钠用去离子水加热溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.25g/mL酒石酸钾钠溶液.Reagent A: Weigh 25g of potassium sodium tartrate and heat to dissolve with deionized water, after cooling, make the volume to 100mL, and prepare 0.25g/mL potassium sodium tartrate solution.

试剂B:称取40g氢氧化钠用去离子水溶解,冷却后定容至100mL,配制成0.4g/mL氢氧化钠溶液。Reagent B: Weigh 40g of sodium hydroxide and dissolve it in deionized water. After cooling, dilute to 100mL to prepare a 0.4g/mL sodium hydroxide solution.

试剂C:称取7g碘化钾用去离子水溶解,继续称取10g碘化汞溶于碘化钾溶液中,定容至100mL,配制成0.17g/mL碘化汞钾溶液。Reagent C: Weigh 7g of potassium iodide and dissolve it in deionized water, continue to weigh 10g of mercury iodide and dissolve it in the potassium iodide solution, dilute to 100mL, and prepare a 0.17g/mL potassium mercury iodide solution.

测定步骤:Determination steps:

1)标准曲线绘制1) Standard curve drawing

分别取5mL不同氨氮浓度的标准溶液于15mL试管中,向每一试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值。以吸光度值为纵坐标,氨氮浓度为横坐标,绘制标准曲线(图4)。Take 5mL standard solutions of different ammonia nitrogen concentrations in 15mL test tubes, add 150μL reagent A to each test tube in turn, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent B, mix immediately, add 150μL reagent C, mix well, wait for 10 minutes, Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance at a wavelength of 420 nm with deionized water as a reference. Take the absorbance value as the ordinate and the ammonia nitrogen concentration as the abscissa to draw a standard curve (Fig. 4).

2)样品测定2) Sample determination

取5mL待测样品15mL试管中,向试管中依次添加150μL试剂A,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂B,立即混匀,添加150μL试剂C,混匀,等待10分钟,用分光光度计在波长420nm下以去离子水为参比,测定吸光度值,根据标准曲线计算测定值,每个样品测定3个重复。Take 5mL of the sample to be tested in a 15mL test tube, add 150 μL of reagent A to the test tube, mix immediately, add 150 μL of reagent B, mix immediately, add 150 μL of reagent C, mix well, wait for 10 minutes, and use a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420nm Next, deionized water was used as a reference to measure the absorbance value, and the measured value was calculated according to the standard curve, and each sample was measured in triplicate.

如图4所示,标准曲线为y=0.189x+0.0311,R2=0.9995,可见在0-2mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性。As shown in Fig. 4, the standard curve is y=0.189x+0.0311, R 2 =0.9995, showing good linearity in the range of 0-2 mg/L.

测定结果如表4所示,测定结果与实际值基本吻合,且变异系数小于5%,具备良好的准确性和重复性。The measurement results are shown in Table 4, the measurement results are basically consistent with the actual values, and the coefficient of variation is less than 5%, with good accuracy and repeatability.

表4:盐度为5‰的海水中样品测定Table 4: Determination of samples in seawater with a salinity of 5‰

Figure BDA0004025564570000081
Figure BDA0004025564570000081

上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用本发明。熟悉本领域技术人员显然可以容易的对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中,而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例。本领域技术人员根据本发明的原理,不脱离本发明的范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the present invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the principle of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:1. A method for measuring the ammonia nitrogen content of seawater aquaculture water, is characterized in that, the method may further comprise the steps: 步骤1:样品预处理;Step 1: Sample pretreatment; 取海水养殖水体作为待测样品,其经过0.45μm的针式滤器过滤置于锥形瓶内,并测定待测样品的盐度;Take the mariculture water body as the sample to be tested, filter it through a needle filter of 0.45 μm and place it in the Erlenmeyer flask, and measure the salinity of the sample to be tested; 步骤2:试剂制备,包括:Step 2: Reagent preparation, including: 1g/L氨氮储备液:将氯化铵置于105℃烘箱干燥2h以上,称取3.819g,用去离子水溶解定容于1L;1g/L ammonia nitrogen stock solution: place ammonium chloride in an oven at 105°C for more than 2 hours, weigh 3.819g, dissolve with deionized water and make up to 1L; 空白溶液:与待测样品盐度相同的无氨海水;Blank solution: ammonia-free seawater with the same salinity as the sample to be tested; 标准溶液:用空白溶液作为稀释液将氨氮储备液稀释成不同浓度的氨氮标准溶液;Standard solution: use the blank solution as the diluent to dilute the ammonia nitrogen stock solution into ammonia nitrogen standard solutions of different concentrations; 样品溶液:经过预处理的样品溶液,若样品氨氮浓度过高可以用空白溶液稀释;Sample solution: pretreated sample solution, if the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the sample is too high, it can be diluted with blank solution; 试剂A:酒石酸钾钠溶液;Reagent A: sodium potassium tartrate solution; 试剂B:氢氧化钠溶液;Reagent B: sodium hydroxide solution; 试剂C:碘化汞钾溶液;Reagent C: potassium mercury iodide solution; 步骤3:标准曲线绘制,包括:Step 3: Standard curve drawing, including: (3a)分别取一定体积所述标准溶液,置于不同的试管或比色管中;(3a) Take a certain volume of the standard solution respectively, and place in different test tubes or colorimetric tubes; (3b)以标准溶液体积为参照,各加入体积比5:0.1-0.2的试剂A,立即混匀,随后立即加入体积比5:0.1-0.2的试剂B,立即混匀;(3b) Taking the volume of the standard solution as a reference, add reagent A with a volume ratio of 5:0.1-0.2, mix immediately, then immediately add reagent B with a volume ratio of 5:0.1-0.2, and mix immediately; (3c)以标准溶液体积为参照,各加入体积比5:0.1-0.2的试剂C,混匀,静置10min,待颜色稳定;(3c) Taking the volume of the standard solution as a reference, add reagent C with a volume ratio of 5:0.1-0.2, mix well, and let stand for 10 minutes until the color is stable; (3d)用分光光度计在波长420nm下,取1cm比色皿,以去离子水校零,测定吸光值;(3d) Use a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420nm, take a 1cm cuvette, zero it with deionized water, and measure the absorbance; (3e)以吸光值为纵坐标,氨氮浓度(mg/L)为横坐标,绘制标准曲线,经拟合得到标准曲线方程;(3e) take the absorbance value as the ordinate, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration (mg/L) as the abscissa, draw a standard curve, and obtain the standard curve equation through fitting; 步骤4:样品测定,包括:Step 4: Sample determination, including: 参照标准曲线溶液,移取同等体积的样品溶液,置于试管中;按照步骤3中(3b)-(3e)测定样品溶液的吸光度;With reference to the standard curve solution, pipette an equal volume of sample solution and place it in a test tube; measure the absorbance of the sample solution according to (3b)-(3e) in step 3; 步骤5:样品管与标准曲线方程比对,获得海水养殖池塘氨氮浓度。Step 5: Compare the sample tube with the standard curve equation to obtain the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the mariculture pond. 2.根据权利要求1所述测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,所述试剂A的浓度为0.25-0.5g/mL,取25-50g酒石酸钾钠用去离子水溶解定容于100mL。2. according to claim 1, measure the method for the ammonia-nitrogen content of mariculture water body, it is characterized in that, the concentration of described reagent A is 0.25-0.5g/mL, gets 25-50g potassium sodium tartrate and dissolves and settles in deionized water 100mL. 3.根据权利要求1所述测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,所述试剂B的浓度为0.4-0.5g/mL,取40-50g氢氧化钠用去离子水溶解定容于100mL。3. according to claim 1, measure the method for mariculture water body ammonia nitrogen content, it is characterized in that, the concentration of described reagent B is 0.4-0.5g/mL, gets 40-50g sodium hydroxide and dissolves and settles in deionized water 100mL. 4.根据权利要求1所述测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,所述试剂C的配制方法为:取7g碘化钾用去离子水溶解,继续称取10g碘化汞溶于碘化钾溶液中,定容于100mL。4. according to claim 1, measure the method for mariculture water body ammonia nitrogen content, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described reagent C is: get 7g potassium iodide and dissolve with deionized water, continue to take by weighing 10g mercuric iodide and be dissolved in potassium iodide solution In, set the volume at 100mL. 5.根据权利要求1所述测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,所述标准溶液的氨氮浓度为0-2mg/L,采用所述空白溶液与氨氮储备溶液至少配制5个不同氨氮浓度的标准溶液。5. according to claim 1, measure the method for ammonia nitrogen content in mariculture water body, it is characterized in that, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of described standard solution is 0-2mg/L, adopt described blank solution and ammonia nitrogen reserve solution to prepare at least 5 different ammonia nitrogen concentrations of standard solutions. 6.根据权利要求1所述测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,最低检出限为0.05mg/L。6. The method for measuring the ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water according to claim 1, wherein the minimum detection limit is 0.05 mg/L. 7.根据权利要求1所述测定海水养殖水体氨氮含量的方法,其特征在于,所述待测样品选自盐度不超过30‰的海水样品。7. The method for measuring ammonia nitrogen content in seawater aquaculture water according to claim 1, wherein the sample to be tested is selected from seawater samples with a salinity of no more than 30‰.
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