CN115979785A - Acoustic emission testing device and coal rock roadway testing device and method based on acoustic emission testing device - Google Patents
Acoustic emission testing device and coal rock roadway testing device and method based on acoustic emission testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115979785A CN115979785A CN202210813614.6A CN202210813614A CN115979785A CN 115979785 A CN115979785 A CN 115979785A CN 202210813614 A CN202210813614 A CN 202210813614A CN 115979785 A CN115979785 A CN 115979785A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic emission testing device and a coal rock roadway testing device and method based on the acoustic emission testing device, wherein the acoustic emission testing device comprises: an upper splint; a lower splint; a side clamping plate; an acoustic measurement module top post; the lateral clamping plates can slide along the radial direction of the roadway rock body model to be tested and relative to the upper clamping plate and/or the lower clamping plate; still be equipped with at least one acoustic emission probe patchhole on the above-mentioned side splint, above-mentioned acoustic emission probe is attached on the periphery wall of the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring. The sound emission testing device can be independent of a coal rock roadway testing device, so that the roadway rock mass model can be conveniently assembled and disassembled, and the cleaning is convenient. In addition, the problem that the acoustic emission probe cannot be attached to the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model is solved by transversely providing the acoustic emission probe insertion hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal rock roadway tests, in particular to an acoustic emission testing device and a coal rock roadway testing device and method based on the acoustic emission testing device.
Background
In the existing rock coal roadway mesoscopic mechanical parameter testing tests (such as single axis, true and false three axes and the like), samples are mainly cubic samples so as to reflect actual rock coal roadway conditions and rock characteristics. In addition, the common rock coal roadway mesoscopic mechanical parameter testing devices in the market at present are integrated in a whole machine and are mostly unadjustable. They are usually limited to loading samples of fixed size, cannot be separated from the whole machine, are not easy to clean and are inconvenient to use; in addition, the acoustic emission probe that uses among the fracturing simulation process can't be attached on prefabricated tunnel rock mass model, leads to the monitoring data distortion.
In conclusion, the existing rock coal roadway mesomechanics parameter testing device has certain defects in specific detail design. How to improve the rock coal roadway mesoscopic mechanical parameter testing device on the basis of fitting actual rock cores of diversified rock samples (with different outer diameters) as far as possible is an important research content for improving the performance of the rock coal roadway mesoscopic mechanical parameter testing device at present.
Therefore, the acoustic emission testing device, the coal rock roadway testing device based on the acoustic emission testing device and the coal rock roadway testing method are provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an acoustic emission testing device and a coal-rock roadway testing device and method based on the acoustic emission testing device, which generally solve or avoid the problems, generally realize technical advantages, and solve or at least improve the technical problems that the existing rock-coal roadway mesoscopic mechanical parameter testing device cannot realize complete machine separation, prefabricated roadway rock mass models with different sizes are installed, and an acoustic emission probe cannot be attached to the prefabricated roadway rock mass models to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above object, an acoustic emission testing apparatus according to the present invention includes:
the upper clamping plate is arranged above the roadway rock mass model to be detected;
the lower clamping plate is arranged below the roadway rock mass model to be detected;
the lateral clamping plates are arranged on the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model to be tested, and the lateral clamping plates are provided with force application surfaces for transmitting radial force to the roadway rock mass model to be tested;
the acoustic measurement module top column is in up-and-down sliding fit with the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate so as to transmit the axial force to the roadway rock mass model to be measured;
the lateral clamping plates can slide relative to the upper clamping plate and/or the lower clamping plate along the radial direction of the roadway rock mass model to be tested;
still be equipped with the acoustic emission probe patchhole that at least one confession acoustic emission probe passed on the above-mentioned side splint, above-mentioned acoustic emission probe is attached on the periphery wall of the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring.
As a further optimization of the scheme, a plurality of upper sliding holes are radially arranged on the upper edge of the upper clamping plate along the roadway rock mass model to be detected, and a plurality of lower sliding holes are radially arranged on the upper edge of the lower clamping plate along the roadway rock mass model to be detected;
the acoustic emission testing device further comprises a plurality of thread fastening components, the thread fastening components correspond to the side clamping plates one by one, the thread fastening components penetrate through the side clamping plates, threaded holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of each thread fastening component, and screws penetrate through the upper sliding holes or the lower sliding holes and are locked in the threaded holes.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the side clamping plate is provided with a group of side surfaces, an upper end surface and a lower end surface, the group of side surfaces comprises a force bearing surface, a force applying surface and two end surfaces which are vertically arranged and connected, the force applying surface is in a right-angle shape, and two sides of the force applying surface are respectively connected with the two end surfaces.
As a further optimization of the above scheme, an upper boss is arranged on the end face of the upper part, a lower boss is arranged on the end face of the lower part, the upper threaded hole is arranged on the upper boss, and the lower threaded hole is arranged on the lower boss.
As a further optimization of the above scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
the acoustic emission probe mounting, wherein, acoustic emission probe mounting is installed on two at least side splint, acoustic emission probe mounting has at least one centre gripping groove that is used for centre gripping the acoustic emission probe to the centre gripping groove is with acoustic emission probe patchhole one-to-one.
As a further optimization of the scheme, each acoustic emission probe fixing piece comprises a fixing plate, a plurality of elastic extension pieces fixed on the fixing plate, and a plurality of abutting pieces used for abutting against the fixing plate and the roadway rock mass model to be detected, and each abutting piece is installed on the corresponding elastic extension piece; wherein the at least one clamping groove is arranged between two adjacent elastic extension pieces.
As a further optimization of the above aspect, each abutment is a spring.
As a further optimization of the above scheme, the acoustic measurement module top column comprises a guide column and a pressure column arranged between the end part of the guide column and the lower clamping plate;
the lower clamping plate is provided with a guide hole for the guide post to pass through;
the lower part of the lower clamping plate is provided with a guide cylinder, and the guide column is positioned in the guide cylinder and can slide up and down in the guide cylinder.
As a further optimization of the scheme, at least one guide cylinder threaded hole is formed in the peripheral wall of the guide cylinder;
the acoustic emission testing device further comprises a guide pillar positioning bolt, and the guide pillar positioning bolt is in threaded connection with at least one guide cylinder so as to abut against and position the guide pillar.
Coal petrography tunnel test device based on the device, including the acoustic emission testing arrangement who is used for the coal petrography tunnel to test, acoustic emission testing arrangement detachably places in coal petrography tunnel test device's sample room, includes:
the upper clamping plate is arranged above the rock mass model of the roadway;
the lower clamping plate is arranged below the core sample;
the lateral clamping plates are arranged on the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model to be tested, and each lateral clamping plate of the lateral clamping plates is provided with a force application surface for transmitting radial force to the roadway rock mass model to be tested; and
the acoustic measurement module support column is in up-and-down sliding fit with the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate and is used for transmitting the axial force to the roadway rock mass model to be measured;
the tunnel rock mass model to be detected comprises an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and at least two side clamping plates, wherein the upper clamping plate, the lower clamping plate and the at least two side clamping plates enclose a loading space for placing the tunnel rock mass model to be detected, and the at least two side clamping plates can slide relative to the upper clamping plate and/or the lower clamping plate along the radial direction of the tunnel rock mass model to be detected;
still be equipped with the acoustic emission probe patchhole that at least one confession acoustic emission probe passed on the above-mentioned side splint, above-mentioned acoustic emission probe is attached on the periphery wall of tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring.
A coal rock roadway test method based on the device,
s1, prefabricating a model: prefabricating a roadway rock mass model, then arranging the roadway model at the center of the roadway rock mass model, wherein the diameter of an upper semicircular arch of the roadway model is 1/5 of the boundary size of the roadway rock mass model, and then clamping the roadway rock mass model by an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a side clamping plate of the acoustic emission testing device;
s2, clamping the clamping device between an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head of the servo loading mechanism;
s3, controlling the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head to act, applying different horizontal acting forces to the acoustic emission testing device, and simulating a pre-peak or post-peak grading unloading gradient of the rock stratum strength, wherein the pre-peak grading unloading gradient is 3%, 5%, 7% or 1% of the simulated rock stratum strength peak value or yield stress, and the post-peak grading unloading gradient is 11%, 12%, 13% or 14% of the simulated rock stratum residual stress;
s4, capturing the time-space arrangement of the main cracking points and the evolution characteristics of the main cracking surfaces formed by the time-space arrangement of the main cracking points in the sound wave emission time in time by using an acoustic emission testing device, and establishing the relation between the microscopic creep rupture characteristics of the rock mass and the occurrence of macroscopic shear rheological instability of the rock mass; monitoring the bearing range, the bearing boundary line displacement and the rheological characteristics of the bearing body degradation degree of a macroscopic shear-resistant bearing area of the excavated unloading multi-scale soft and weak bare roadway in real time by using a strain gauge, a pressure box and a fracture wire;
s5, capturing the space-time distribution characteristics of the number of main acoustic emission events of the roadways with different scales in the roadway excavation unloading process in real time through an acoustic emission testing device; the forming and evolution rules of a main breaking point and a main breaking surface in the acoustic emission event of the roadway breaking are characterized under the scale effect; analyzing the development characteristics of the microscopic cracks of the roadway under the influence of the scale effect; the strain gauge analyzes the characteristics of a stress field, a displacement field and macroscopic cracking of the multi-scale weak roadway;
s6, the acoustic emission testing device is suitable for roadway rock mass models of different sizes by adjusting the position of the sliding part, and the steps S2 to S5 are repeated to complete the test of multiple groups of roadway rock mass models.
The acoustic emission testing device and the coal rock roadway testing device and method based on the acoustic emission testing device have the following beneficial effects:
according to the acoustic emission testing device, the side clamping plates which can slide relative to the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate are arranged, so that the coal rock roadway testing device can be used for simulation. The sound emission testing device can be independent of a coal rock roadway testing device, facilitates loading and unloading of the roadway rock mass model and facilitates cleaning. In addition, the problem that the acoustic emission probe cannot be attached to the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model is solved by transversely providing the acoustic emission probe insertion hole.
There have been disclosed in detail certain embodiments of the invention with reference to the following description and drawings, and it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not limited thereby, since the embodiments of the invention include many variations, modifications, and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an acoustic emission testing device;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the side clamping plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the acoustic emission testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the acoustic emission probe mount of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper splint; 2. a lower splint; 3. a side clamping plate; 4. an acoustic measurement module top post; 5. an acoustic emission probe fixing member; 6. a threaded fastener member; 7. a screw; 8. a guide post positioning bolt; 21. a guide hole is formed; 22. a guide cylinder; 31. a force application surface; 32. inserting the acoustic emission probe into the hole; 41. a guide post; 42. a pressure column; 51. a fixing plate; 52. an elastic extension member; 53. abutting the sheet; 54. a card slot; 61. a threaded bore.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by the embodiments in the drawings. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on," or provided with "another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present, when an element is referred to as being" connected, "or coupled to another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present, and" fixedly coupled "means that the element is fixedly coupled in many ways, which are not intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure, the terms" vertical, "" horizontal, "" left, "" right, "and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be a single embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the terms used herein in the specification are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items;
with reference to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of an acoustic emission testing device will be described. Acoustic emission testing arrangement detachably installs and places in coal petrography tunnel test device's sample room, including punch holder 1, lower plate 2, side splint 3 and acoustics measuring module fore-set 4.
The acoustic emission testing device that this embodiment provided is mainly used for carrying out the force loading to the cubic tunnel rock mass model. At least two side splint 3 set up on (for example encircle) the periphery wall of the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring, and the loading space that encloses into is used for placing the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring for punch holder 1, lower plate 2 and side splint 3.
Specifically, the upper plate 1 sets up in the top of the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring, and the lower plate 2 sets up in the below of the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring, and upper plate 1 and lower plate 2 can support with other modes and lean on or cooperate. And a side clamping plate 3. The side clamping plates 3 can slide relative to the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2 along the radial direction of the roadway rock mass model to be measured, and meanwhile, each side clamping plate 3 is provided with a force application surface 31 for transmitting radial force to the (peripheral wall of the) roadway rock mass model to be measured. The acoustic measurement module shore 4 is in sliding fit with the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2 up and down, so that the acoustic measurement module shore 4 can transfer the axial force to the roadway rock mass model to be measured through up-down movement.
The acoustic emission testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a coal rock roadway testing device, and the coal rock roadway testing device comprises a main body frame, an axial pressure mechanism, a radial pressure mechanism and an annular confining pressure mechanism. Be provided with the sample room on the main body frame, the acoustic emission testing arrangement that this application embodiment provided places in the sample room behind the tunnel rock mass model that awaits measuring of centre gripping. The sample chamber is a placing space, the acoustic emission testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention can conveniently realize the placing or taking out of the roadway rock mass model, is an independent structure and can be separated from the coal rock roadway testing device, so that the loading and unloading of the roadway rock mass model are facilitated, and the cleaning is also facilitated.
The power output end of the axial pressure mechanism is connected with or abutted against the acoustic measurement module top column 4 to generate axial force loading; and the radial pressure mechanism is used for generating horizontal radial force, and the annular confining pressure mechanism is connected with a power output end of the radial pressure mechanism and applies radial force to each side clamping plate 3 along the roadway rock mass model. The structure and the using method of the main body frame, the axial pressure mechanism, the radial pressure mechanism and the annular confining pressure mechanism of the coal rock roadway testing device are all the prior art and are not repeated herein.
Because the side splint 3 has the application of force face 31, the application of force face 31 can carry out radial application of force to the tunnel rock mass model of different external diameters, and application of force face 31 can be V type groove face, plane, right angle face or arcwall face. In addition, the side clamping plates 3 can slide relative to the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2 (namely at the center of the roadway rock model) along the radial direction of the roadway rock model, so that the size of the roadway rock model which can be installed by the acoustic emission testing device is changed. The acoustic emission testing device that this application embodiment provided can be used to carry out the radial force loading to the tunnel rock mass model of multiple specification (external diameter).
Further, the side chocks 3 are provided with at least one acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32 for allowing the acoustic emission probe to pass through and be attached to the outer peripheral wall of the tunnel rock mass model. Since an acoustic emission probe and the like are required to perform real-time monitoring during the coal rock roadway test, an acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32 is formed in the side clamping plate 3, and the acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32 is a through hole which penetrates through the lateral direction. Acoustic emission probe mounting 5 is convenient for after the acoustic emission testing arrangement equipment that this application embodiment provided completes, install each acoustic emission probe that can paste on tunnel rock mass model. By providing the acoustic emission probe insertion holes 32 on the side clamping plates 3, the problem that the acoustic emission probes may not be mounted on the outer peripheral wall of the core due to interference of the side clamping plates 3 is solved.
Compared with the prior art, the acoustic emission testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the side clamping plate 3 which can slide relative to the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2, can be used for performing simulation mesomechanics research tests on three-dimensional roadway rock mass models with different outer diameters, and is independent of a coal rock roadway testing device, so that the roadway rock mass models can be conveniently assembled and disassembled, and the cleaning is also convenient. In addition, the problem that the acoustic emission probe cannot be installed on the outer peripheral wall of the roadway rock model is solved by arranging the acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32 on the side clamping plate 3.
As a concrete embodiment of the acoustic emission testing arrangement that this application provided, be equipped with a plurality of upper slide holes of radially arranging along tunnel rock mass model on the punch holder 1, be equipped with a plurality of lower slide holes on the lower plate 2. The downward sliding holes are arranged along the radial direction of the roadway rock mass model. Each upper sliding hole, each lower sliding hole and each side clamping plate 3 are in one-to-one correspondence, namely, one side clamping plate 3 corresponds to one upper sliding hole positioned above and one lower sliding hole positioned below respectively.
The acoustic emission testing device provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a plurality of threaded fastening components 6. Similarly, the screw fastening members 6 correspond to the side plates 3 one-to-one, the screw fastening members 6 are inserted into the side plates 3, the upper and lower ends of each screw fastening member 6 are both provided with a threaded hole 61, and the screw 7 passes through the upper sliding hole or the lower sliding hole and is locked in the threaded hole 61.
When the acoustic emission testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention clamps the roadway rock mass model, the roadway rock mass model can be placed at the approximate center of the lower clamping plate 2, the lower part of each side clamping plate 3 is abutted against the lower clamping plate 2, and the upper clamping plate 1 is abutted against the upper part of each side clamping plate 3. At this time, the upper screw holes of the screw-fastening members 6 are adjusted to be aligned with the corresponding upper slide holes, the lower screw holes of the screw-fastening members 6 are adjusted to be aligned with the corresponding lower slide holes, and the force-applying surface 31 of each side clamp plate 3 is adjusted to be in close proximity to the outer peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model. Then, an upper screw passes through the upper slide hole and is screwed into the upper threaded hole of the screw fastening part 6, a lower screw passes through the lower slide hole and is locked to the lower threaded hole of the screw fastening part 6, the head of the upper screw abuts against the upper portion of the upper clamp plate 1, and the head of the lower screw abuts against the lower portion of the lower clamp plate 2. At this moment, each side splint 3 takes one's place, and side splint 3 connects up splint 1 and lower plate 2 respectively, has assembled the acoustic emission testing arrangement that this application embodiment provided, will await measuring the tunnel rock mass model location and press from both sides tightly to the acoustic emission testing arrangement that this application embodiment provided.
In addition, in the coal rock roadway test process, the annular confining pressure mechanism enables each side clamping plate 3 to move towards the central axis direction of the roadway rock mass model along the radial direction of the roadway rock mass model. At this time, the upper screw slides in the upper slide hole, the lower screw slides in the lower slide hole, the upper screw is matched with the upper slide hole, and the lower screw is matched with the lower slide hole, so that the side clamping plate 3 is guided to move to a certain extent.
As the concrete embodiment of the acoustic emission testing device that this application provided, the bolt can also be selected for use to above-mentioned screw.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, as a specific embodiment of the acoustic emission testing device provided in the present application, the acoustic emission testing device provided in the present application further includes a plurality of acoustic emission probe holders 5. The acoustic emission probe mounts 5 are mounted on the side clamping plates 3, one side clamping plate 3 can be provided with an acoustic emission probe mount 5 or a plurality of acoustic emission probe mounts 5.
Each acoustic emission probe holder 5 has at least one locking groove 54 for holding and mounting an acoustic emission probe, and each locking groove 54 corresponds to one acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32. The acoustic emission probe is fixed on the acoustic emission probe fixing piece 5 in a clamping mode, and the fixed acoustic emission probe penetrates through the corresponding acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32 and is attached to the roadway rock model.
As a specific embodiment of the acoustic emission testing device provided by the present application, each acoustic emission probe fixing member 5 includes a fixing plate 51, a plurality of elastic extension members 52 fixed on the fixing plate 51, and a plurality of abutting pieces 53, where the abutting pieces 53 are used for abutting against the outer circumferential wall of the roadway rock mass model, and at least one abutting piece 53 is provided on one elastic extension member 52, and a clamping groove 54 is provided between two adjacent elastic extension members 52.
The fixed plate 51 is a main body of the acoustic emission probe fixture 5, and the fixed plate 51 is also a thin plate structure. The elastic extension 52 is an elongated plate provided on the fixed plate 51, and has a certain flexibility or elasticity, and can be bent and elastically deformed with respect to the fixed plate 51. A clamping groove 54 for clamping and installing the acoustic emission probe is arranged between two adjacent elastic extension pieces 52.
The back is accomplished in the acoustic emission testing arrangement equipment that this application embodiment provided, and the device is compared in above-mentioned embodiment, and acoustic emission probe mounting 5 also installs at side splint 3, draw-in groove 54 correspond set up in the outside of tunnel rock mass model and with acoustic emission probe patchhole 32 position corresponds, simultaneously, the one end of the piece of butt joint 53 on the elastic extension piece 52 stretches into acoustic emission probe patchhole 32 and can be near tunnel rock mass model periphery wall when tunnel rock mass model breaks. An operator clamps the acoustic emission probe in the clamping groove 54, and the elastic extension piece 52 is arranged at a position which can ensure that the clamped acoustic emission probe is attached to the outer peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model.
In the process of the coal rock roadway test device, if the acoustic emission probe tightly attached to the roadway rock mass model is fixed on the side clamping plate 3 or fixed on the side clamping plate 3 and the roadway rock mass model, the impact force generated by the fracture of the roadway rock mass model can damage the expensive acoustic emission probe. To avoid this problem, the acoustic emission probe mount 5 described above is specifically provided. The acoustic emission probe is fixed between adjacent elastic extension 52 under the circumstances of centre gripping, if the tunnel rock mass model does not break, the acoustic emission probe is attached to on the periphery wall of tunnel rock mass model all the time, and at the cracked in-process of tunnel rock mass model, butt piece 53 can move to the outside, keeps away from under tunnel rock mass model's effect, because elastic extension 52 can be for fixed plate 51 bending and elastic deformation, therefore elastic extension 52 and acoustic emission probe can be along with tunnel rock mass model move to the outside. Meanwhile, the sheet 53 is abutted, so that the acoustic emission probe is protected from being punctured by the roadway rock model.
As a specific example of the acoustic emission testing device provided in the present application, the fixing plate 51 is screwed with the side clamping plate 3. Specifically, the fixing plate 51 is provided with a fixing plate through hole, the side clamping plate 3 is provided with a fixing plate threaded hole, and the acoustic emission testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises a fixing plate bolt, wherein the fixing plate bolt penetrates through the fixing plate through hole and is in threaded connection with the fixing plate threaded hole, so that the fixing plate 51 is fixedly connected with the side clamping plate 3.
As one specific example of the acoustic emission testing device provided herein, each of the abutting pieces 53 is a spring. One end of the spring is connected to the resilient extension 52 and the other end of the spring is used to abut the roadway rock mass model. The spring has compressibility, and because slight vibration or shake may exist in the simulation coal rock tunnel test, the spring can buffer partial vibration and shake, protects the acoustic emission probe. The elastic modulus of the spring is higher than that of the elastic extension piece 52, namely the rigidity of the spring is lower than that of the elastic extension piece, so that when slight vibration and shake occur to the roadway rock mass model, the slight shake or vibration can be absorbed by the spring, and the elastic extension piece 52 is hardly deformed, so that the acoustic emission probe is always attached to the roadway rock mass model and is prevented from being absorbed by the spring. Separated from the core samples due to some small jitter. Only when the tunnel rock mass model is severely deformed, such as cracked, and the spring is compressed to a certain degree, the spring can drive the elastic extension piece 52 to deform so as to protect the acoustic emission probe.
As a concrete example of the acoustic emission testing arrangement that this application provided, side splint 3 is four, evenly distributed around tunnel rock mass model.
As a specific example of the acoustic emission testing apparatus provided in the present application, the side clamping plate 3 is a right-angle structure, and the side clamping plate 3 has a side surface group, an upper end surface and a lower end surface, the side surface group includes a force bearing surface and a force applying surface 31, and the upper side and the lower side of the force applying surface 31 are respectively connected to the upper end surface and the lower end surface.
As a specific example of the acoustic emission testing apparatus provided by the present invention, three acoustic emission probe insertion holes 32 are respectively provided on both side surfaces, and the acoustic emission probe insertion holes 32 are arranged at equal intervals. Two side surfaces of one side clamping plate 3 are respectively provided with an acoustic emission probe fixing piece, three clamping grooves 54 are correspondingly arranged on the acoustic emission probe fixing piece, and one clamping groove 54 corresponds to one acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32.
As a specific embodiment of the acoustic emission testing device that this application provided, be equipped with the boss on the up end of side splint 3, be equipped with down the boss on the lower terminal surface. The upper threaded hole is arranged on the upper boss, and the lower threaded hole is arranged on the lower boss. The upper boss is abutted to the lower plate surface of the upper clamping plate 1, the lower boss is abutted to the upper plate surface of the lower clamping plate 2, the upper surface area of the upper boss is smaller than the upper surface area of the upper end surface, and the lower surface area of the lower boss is smaller than the lower surface area of the lower end surface, so that when the side clamping plate 3 moves relative to the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2, the sliding friction force of the side clamping plate can be reduced.
As a specific embodiment of the acoustic emission testing apparatus provided in the present application, the acoustic measurement module top pillar 4 includes a guide pillar 41 and a pressure pillar 42 disposed at one end of the guide pillar 41, and the lower clamping plate 2 is provided with a guide hole 21 for the guide pillar 41 to pass through. The pressure column is arranged between the end part of the guide column and the lower clamping plate and used for applying axial force to the rock core, and the guide column 41 is connected with the power output end of the axial compression mechanism and slides up and down in the guide hole.
As a specific embodiment of the acoustic emission testing device provided by the present application, the lower portion of the lower clamping plate 2 is provided with a guide cylinder 22, and the guide post 41 is located in the guide cylinder 22 and can slide up and down in the guide cylinder 22. The guide cylinder 22 can provide better guidance for the up-and-down movement of the guide post 41.
As a specific embodiment of the acoustic emission testing device provided by the present application, at least one guide cylinder threaded hole is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the guide cylinder 22, and the acoustic emission testing device in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a guide pillar positioning bolt 8, and the guide pillar positioning bolt 8 is in threaded connection with the guide cylinder threaded hole, and is used for abutting against the guide pillar 41 and positioning. A gap is reserved between the guide post 41 and the guide cylinder, and the position of the guide post 41 in the guide cylinder 22 can be adjusted by arranging the guide post positioning bolt 8. The central axis of the pressure column 42 coincides with the central axis of the roadway rock mass model. Meanwhile, the guide post positioning bolt 8 can abut against the guide post 41 to pre-fix the guide post 41 on the lower clamping plate 2, so that the subsequent connection between the guide post 41 and the power output end of the shaft pressing mechanism is facilitated.
As a specific example of the acoustic emission testing device provided by the present application, the force application surface is a right-angled surface. The right-angle surface can provide surface contact for the three-dimensional roadway rock mass model with the self-adaptive size and provide line contact for the roadway rock mass model with the non-self-adaptive size. In a word, the right-angle surface can provide the radial force required by the simulated force application for the roadway rock mass models with different specifications.
The application also provides a coal petrography tunnel test device, including the acoustic emission testing arrangement in the above-mentioned embodiment.
Compared with the prior art, the coal rock roadway test device has the advantages that the loading device is independent of the main body frame, so that loading and unloading of the roadway rock mass model are facilitated, and cleaning is facilitated. Meanwhile, the side clamping plate 3 which can slide relative to the upper clamping plate 1 or the lower clamping plate 2 is arranged in the acoustic emission testing device and can be used for simulating a loading test. On a three-dimensional roadway rock model with different sizes. In addition, the problem that the acoustic emission probe cannot be attached to the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model is solved by arranging the acoustic emission probe insertion hole 32 on the side clamping plate 3.
As a concrete embodiment of the coal petrography tunnel test device that this application provided, the coal petrography tunnel test device that this application embodiment provided still includes main body frame, axial pressure mechanism, radial pressure mechanism and annular confined pressure mechanism. The axial pressure mechanism, the radial pressure mechanism and the annular confining pressure mechanism are all installed on the main body frame, a sample chamber is arranged on the main body frame, and after the roadway rock mass model is loaded by the rock loading device, the acoustic emission testing device is placed in the sample chamber.
The application also provides a coal rock roadway test method which comprises the acoustic emission test device in the embodiment.
S1, model prefabrication: prefabricating a roadway rock mass model, then arranging the roadway model at the center of the roadway rock mass model, wherein the diameter of an upper semicircular arch of the roadway model is 1/5 of the boundary size of the roadway rock mass model, and then clamping the roadway rock mass model by an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a side clamping plate of the acoustic emission testing device;
s2, clamping the clamping device between an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head of the servo loading mechanism;
s3, controlling the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head to act, applying different horizontal acting forces to the acoustic emission testing device, and simulating a pre-peak or post-peak grading unloading gradient of the rock stratum strength, wherein the pre-peak grading unloading gradient is 30%, 50%, 70% or 100% of a simulated rock stratum strength peak value or yield stress, and the post-peak grading unloading gradient is 110%, 120%, 130% or 140% of the simulated rock stratum residual stress;
s4, capturing the time-space arrangement of the main cracking points and the evolution characteristics of the main cracking surfaces formed by the time-space arrangement of the main cracking points in the sound wave emission time in time by using an acoustic emission testing device, and establishing the relation between the microscopic creep rupture characteristics of the rock mass and the occurrence of macroscopic shear rheological instability of the rock mass; monitoring the bearing range, the bearing boundary line displacement and the rheological characteristics of the bearing body degradation degree of a macroscopic shear-resistant bearing area of the excavated unloading multi-scale soft and weak bare roadway in real time by using a strain gauge, a pressure box and a fracture wire;
s5, capturing the space-time distribution characteristics of the number of main acoustic emission events of the roadways with different scales in the roadway excavation unloading process in real time through an acoustic emission testing device; the forming and evolution rules of a main breaking point and a main breaking surface in the acoustic emission event of the roadway breaking are characterized under the scale effect; analyzing the development characteristics of the microscopic cracks of the roadway under the influence of the scale effect; the strain gauge analyzes the characteristics of a stress field, a displacement field and macroscopic cracking of the multi-scale weak roadway;
s6, the acoustic emission testing device is suitable for roadway rock mass models of different sizes by adjusting the position of the sliding part, and the steps S2 to S5 are repeated to complete the test of multiple groups of roadway rock mass models.
In summary, according to the acoustic emission testing device of the present invention, the side clamping plates that can slide relative to the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate are provided, so that the acoustic emission testing device can be used for simulation. The sound emission testing device can be independent of a coal rock roadway testing device, so that the roadway rock mass model can be conveniently assembled and disassembled, and the cleaning is convenient. In addition, the problem that the acoustic emission probe cannot be attached to the outer peripheral wall of the core sample is solved by transversely providing the acoustic emission probe insertion hole.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. An acoustic emission testing device, comprising: .
The upper clamping plate is arranged above the roadway rock mass model to be detected;
the lower clamping plate is arranged below the roadway rock mass model to be detected;
the lateral clamping plates are arranged on the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model to be tested, and the lateral clamping plates are provided with force application surfaces for transmitting radial force to the roadway rock mass model to be tested;
the acoustic measurement module top column is in up-and-down sliding fit with the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate so as to transmit the axial force to the roadway rock mass model to be measured;
the lateral clamping plates can slide relative to the upper clamping plate and/or the lower clamping plate along the radial direction of the roadway rock mass model to be tested;
and the side clamping plate is also provided with at least one acoustic emission probe insertion hole for an acoustic emission probe to pass through, and the acoustic emission probe is attached to the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model to be detected.
2. The acoustic emission testing device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of upper sliding holes are radially arranged on the upper clamping plate along the roadway rock mass model to be tested, and a plurality of lower sliding holes are radially arranged on the lower clamping plate along the roadway rock mass model to be tested;
the acoustic emission testing device further comprises a plurality of thread fastening components, the thread fastening components correspond to the side clamping plates one by one, the thread fastening components penetrate through the side clamping plates, threaded holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of each thread fastening component, and screws penetrate through the upper sliding holes or the lower sliding holes and are locked in the threaded holes.
3. The acoustic emission testing device of claim 2, wherein the side plates have a set of side surfaces, an upper end surface and a lower end surface, the set of side surfaces including a force-bearing surface, a force-applying surface and two end surfaces vertically disposed and connected, the force-applying surface being at a right angle, and two sides of the force-applying surface being connected to the two end surfaces, respectively.
4. The acoustic emission testing device of claim 3, wherein an upper boss is provided on the upper end face, a lower boss is provided on the lower end face, the upper threaded hole is provided on the upper boss, and the lower threaded hole is provided on the lower boss.
5. The acoustic emission testing device and the coal rock roadway testing device based on the acoustic emission testing device according to claim 4, further comprising:
the acoustic emission probe mounting, wherein, acoustic emission probe mounting is installed on two at least side splint, acoustic emission probe mounting has at least one centre gripping groove that is used for centre gripping the acoustic emission probe to the centre gripping groove is with acoustic emission probe patchhole one-to-one.
6. The acoustic emission testing device of claim 5, wherein each acoustic emission probe mount comprises a mounting plate, a plurality of resilient extension members secured to the mounting plate, and a plurality of abutment tabs for abutment against the mounting plate and the roadway rock mass model to be tested, each abutment member being mounted on a respective resilient extension member; wherein the at least one clamping groove is arranged between two adjacent elastic extension pieces.
7. The acoustic emission testing device of claim 6, wherein each abutment is a spring.
8. The acoustic emission testing device of claim 7, wherein the acoustic measurement module top post comprises a guide post, and a pressure post disposed between an end of the guide post and the lower jaw;
the lower clamping plate is provided with a guide hole for the guide pillar to pass through;
the lower part of the lower clamping plate is provided with a guide cylinder, and the guide column is positioned in the guide cylinder and can slide up and down in the guide cylinder.
The peripheral wall of the guide cylinder is provided with at least one guide cylinder threaded hole;
the acoustic emission testing device further comprises a guide pillar positioning bolt, and the guide pillar positioning bolt is in threaded connection with at least one guide cylinder so as to abut against and position the guide pillar.
9. The coal rock roadway test device based on the device as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, comprising an acoustic emission testing device for coal rock roadway test, the acoustic emission testing device being detachably placed in a sample chamber of the coal rock roadway test device, comprising:
the upper clamping plate is arranged above the rock mass model to be roadway;
the lower clamping plate is arranged below the core sample;
the lateral clamping plates are arranged on the peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model to be tested, and each lateral clamping plate of the lateral clamping plates is provided with a force application surface for transmitting radial force to the roadway rock mass model to be tested; and
the acoustic measurement module ejection column is in up-and-down sliding fit with the upper clamping plate or the lower clamping plate and is used for transmitting axial force to the roadway rock mass model to be measured;
the roadway rock mass model to be tested comprises an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and at least two side clamping plates, wherein the upper clamping plate, the lower clamping plate and the at least two side clamping plates enclose a loading space for placing the roadway rock mass model to be tested, and the at least two side clamping plates can slide relative to the upper clamping plate and/or the lower clamping plate along the radial direction of the roadway rock mass model to be tested;
and at least one acoustic emission probe insertion hole for an acoustic emission probe to pass through is further formed in the side clamping plate, and the acoustic emission probe is attached to the outer peripheral wall of the roadway rock mass model to be detected.
10. The coal rock roadway test method based on the device as claimed in claim 9,
s1, prefabricating a model: prefabricating a roadway rock mass model, then arranging the roadway model at the center of the roadway rock mass model, wherein the diameter of an upper semicircular arch of the roadway model is 1/5 of the boundary size of the roadway rock mass model, and then clamping the roadway rock mass model by an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a side clamping plate of the acoustic emission testing device;
s2, clamping the clamping device between an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head of the servo loading mechanism;
s3, controlling the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head to act, applying different horizontal acting forces to the acoustic emission testing device, and simulating a pre-peak or post-peak grading unloading gradient of the rock stratum strength, wherein the pre-peak grading unloading gradient is 3%, 5%, 7% or 1% of the simulated rock stratum strength peak value or yield stress, and the post-peak grading unloading gradient is 11%, 12%, 13% or 14% of the simulated rock stratum residual stress;
s4, capturing the time-space arrangement of the main fracture points and the evolution characteristics of the main fracture surface formed by the time-space arrangement of the main fracture points in the sound wave emission time in time by using an acoustic emission testing device, and establishing the relation between the microcosmic creep fracture characteristics of the rock and the occurrence of macroscopic shear rheological instability of the rock; monitoring the bearing range, the displacement of a bearing boundary line and the rheological characteristics of the degradation degree of a bearing body of a macroscopic shear-resistant bearing zone of the excavated unloading multi-scale soft and weak bare roadway in real time by using a strain gauge, a pressure box and a fracture wire;
s5, capturing the space-time distribution characteristics of the number of main acoustic emission events of the roadways with different scales in the roadway excavation unloading process in real time through an acoustic emission testing device; the forming and evolution rules of a main breaking point and a main breaking surface in the acoustic emission event of the roadway breaking are characterized under the scale effect; analyzing the development characteristics of the microscopic cracks of the roadway under the influence of the scale effect; the strain gauge analyzes the characteristics of a stress field, a displacement field and macroscopic cracking of the multi-scale weak roadway;
s6, the acoustic emission testing device is suitable for roadway rock mass models of different sizes by adjusting the position of the sliding part, and the steps S2 to S5 are repeated to complete the test of multiple groups of roadway rock mass models.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210813614.6A CN115979785A (en) | 2022-07-11 | 2022-07-11 | Acoustic emission testing device and coal rock roadway testing device and method based on acoustic emission testing device |
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| CN202210813614.6A CN115979785A (en) | 2022-07-11 | 2022-07-11 | Acoustic emission testing device and coal rock roadway testing device and method based on acoustic emission testing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108195682A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-22 | 华北科技学院 | For the experimental rig and its test method of the research of coal petrography tunnel mesomechanics |
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- 2022-07-11 CN CN202210813614.6A patent/CN115979785A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108195682A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-06-22 | 华北科技学院 | For the experimental rig and its test method of the research of coal petrography tunnel mesomechanics |
| CN108195682B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2023-10-03 | 华北科技学院 | Test device and test method for coal rock roadway mesomechanics research |
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