CN115978176A - Engineering vehicle cooling system, engineering vehicle and cooling method thereof - Google Patents
Engineering vehicle cooling system, engineering vehicle and cooling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115978176A CN115978176A CN202211662531.8A CN202211662531A CN115978176A CN 115978176 A CN115978176 A CN 115978176A CN 202211662531 A CN202211662531 A CN 202211662531A CN 115978176 A CN115978176 A CN 115978176A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an engineering vehicle cooling system, an engineering vehicle and a cooling method thereof, relates to the field of engineering machinery, and is used for realizing on-demand cooling of the engineering vehicle. The engineering vehicle cooling system comprises an engine cooling system, a hydraulic cooling system, a transmission cooling system and an air conditioner cooling system. The engine cooling system comprises an engine, a cooling fan and a heat dissipation assembly; the engine is in driving connection with the cooling fan. The hydraulic cooling system comprises a hydraulic system and a first electronic fan; the first electronic fan is configured to cool the hydraulic system. The transmission cooling system comprises a transmission system and a second electronic fan. The air-conditioning cooling system comprises an air-conditioning system and a third electronic fan. The first electronic fan, the second electronic fan and the third electronic fan are distributed around the cooling fan. The technical scheme realizes cooling of the engine, the hydraulic system, the transmission system and the air conditioning system on demand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to an engineering vehicle cooling system, an engineering vehicle and a cooling method thereof.
Background
Most of engineering machines operate in situ or in a short distance, the operating environment is severe, and the design difficulty of a cooling system of the engineering machine is high. Different from both commercial vehicles and passenger vehicles, the cooling objects of the engineering machinery not only comprise an engine, but also comprise a transmission system, a hydraulic system and the like.
In the related art, the engineering machinery adopts the following modes to dissipate heat: first, the engine is used to drive the fan for cooling, so as to dissipate the heat of each part of the engineering vehicle. Secondly, an engine is adopted to drive a fan, and a clutch is arranged between the engine and the fan, so that heat dissipation of all parts of the engineering vehicle is realized. Thirdly, the engineering vehicle comprises a plurality of fans, and the electric machine or the motor is separately arranged to drive all the fans to work so as to cool each part of the engineering vehicle. Fourthly, the engineering vehicle comprises a plurality of fans, a low-power motor is arranged for each single fan, and each low-power motor drives one or more low-power fans so as to cool each part of the engineering vehicle.
The inventors have found that the cooling requirements of the engine, the transmission system and the hydraulic system of a working machine are far from each other. The first three cooling modes have unreasonable performance and cannot meet the cooling requirement of the engineering machinery; the fourth mode requires too many motors, the structure of the cooling system is too complex, and the occupied space is too large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an engineering vehicle cooling system, an engineering vehicle and an engineering vehicle cooling method, which are used for realizing the on-demand cooling of at least one of an engine, a transmission system, a hydraulic system and an air conditioning system of the engineering vehicle on the premise of realizing the small size of the cooling system.
The embodiment of the invention provides an engineering vehicle cooling system, which comprises:
the engine cooling system comprises an engine, a cooling fan and a heat dissipation assembly; the engine is in driving connection with the cooling fan to cool the heat dissipation assembly;
the hydraulic cooling system comprises a hydraulic system and a first electronic fan; the first electronic fan is configured to cool the hydraulic system;
the transmission cooling system comprises a transmission system and a second electronic fan; the second electronic fan is configured to cool the drive train; and
the air-conditioning cooling system comprises an air-conditioning system and a third electronic fan; the third electronic fan is configured to cool the air conditioning system;
wherein the first electronic fan, the second electronic fan and the third electronic fan are distributed around the cooling fan.
In some embodiments, the heat dissipation assembly comprises:
a water-cooled radiator installed outside the engine; the cooling fan is arranged adjacent to the water-cooled radiator to cool the water-cooled radiator; and
an intercooler disposed adjacent to the water-cooled radiator;
wherein the engine cooling system further comprises:
a water pump in fluid communication with an oil outlet of the water-cooled radiator; the water pump is in driving connection with the engine;
the thermostat is arranged at the upstream of the water-cooling radiator and is positioned at the downstream of the water pump; the thermostat comprises a first water outlet and a second water outlet which are arranged in parallel; the first water outlet is directly connected with the water inlet of the water pump; the water-cooled radiator is arranged at the downstream of the second water outlet of the thermostat; and
and the water temperature detection element is arranged at a water outlet of the engine.
In some embodiments, the cooling fan is fixed to an output shaft of the engine, and the cooling fan faces the water-cooled radiator.
In some embodiments, the engine cooling system further comprises:
the first air guide cover is fixed on the heat dissipation assembly; the cooling fan is positioned in the first wind scooper; the intercooler is fixedly connected with the water-cooling radiator.
In some embodiments, the hydraulic cooling system further comprises:
a hydraulic pump drivingly connected to the engine;
an oil inlet of the hydraulic oil radiator is in fluid communication with a first oil return port of the hydraulic system, and an oil outlet of the hydraulic oil radiator is in fluid communication with an oil tank of the hydraulic system; an oil tank of the hydraulic system is arranged in the power cabin; the first electronic fan is installed on a side of the hydraulic oil radiator facing the engine.
In some embodiments, the hydraulic cooling system further comprises:
the hydraulic oil temperature detection element is arranged at an oil inlet of the hydraulic oil radiator to detect the oil temperature of hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system; and
and the hydraulic oil pressure detection element is arranged in the hydraulic system to detect the oil pressure of the hydraulic system.
In some embodiments, the hydraulic cooling system further comprises:
a first control element electrically connected to the hydraulic oil temperature detection element, the hydraulic oil pressure detection element, and the first electronic fan, the first control element being configured to control an operating parameter of the first electronic fan according to a temperature parameter detected by the hydraulic oil temperature detection element.
In some embodiments, the operating parameter of the first electronic fan comprises at least one of: start, stop, rotation speed, rotation duration.
In some embodiments, the first control element is configured to perform the following control method:
when T is 2 ≤T 2L When the first electronic fan stops, the first electronic fan stops;
when T is 2 ＞T 2L And controlling the rotating speed of the first electronic fan by adopting a PID control method to ensure that T is equal to T 2 0 <. DELTA.T of rising speed of 2 /△t≤X1；
When | - ] T 2H -T 2 |. Less than or equal to X2, the first electronic fan runs at a constant rotating speed; when T is 2 -T 2H >X1, the first electronic fan runs at full speed, so that the oil temperature of the hydraulic system does not exceed T 2max ；
Wherein, T 2 The oil temperature detected by the hydraulic oil temperature detection element; t is 2H The high-efficiency working temperature of the hydraulic oil is a set value; t is 2L Setting the starting temperature of the first electronic fan to be a set value; x1 is the temperature rising speed of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system; x2 is the fluctuation range of the stable hydraulic oil temperature of the hydraulic system; t is 2max Is the allowable temperature of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system.
In some embodiments, T 2L Is 45 to 55 ℃; the T is 2H Is 65-75 ℃; and/or, T 2max At 80-90 ℃; and/or, X2 is 1.5-2.5 ℃.
In some embodiments, the transmission cooling system further comprises:
an oil inlet of the transmission oil radiator is in fluid communication with a second oil return port of a gearbox of the transmission system, and an oil outlet of the transmission oil radiator is in fluid communication with an inflow port of the gearbox of the transmission system; the second electronic fan is installed on the transmission oil radiator.
In some embodiments, the transmission cooling system further comprises:
the transmission oil temperature detection element is arranged at an oil inlet of the transmission oil radiator so as to detect the oil temperature of the hydraulic system; and
and the transmission oil pressure detection element is arranged in a gearbox of the engine so as to detect the oil pressure of the hydraulic system.
In some embodiments, the transmission cooling system further comprises:
a second control element electrically connected to the transmission oil temperature detection element, the transmission oil pressure detection element and the second electronic fan, the second control element being configured to control an operation parameter of the second electronic fan according to the temperature parameter detected by the transmission oil temperature detection element.
In some embodiments, the operating parameter of the second electronic fan comprises at least one of: starting, stopping, rotating speed and rotating time duration.
In some embodiments, the second control element is configured to perform the following control method:
when T is 1 ≤T 1L When the second electronic fan is started, the second electronic fan is stopped; when T is 1 ＞T 1L And controlling the rotating speed of the second electronic fan by adopting a PID control method to ensure that T is equal to T 1 0 <. DELTA.T of rising speed of 1 V Δ t ≦ Y1; when | - ] T 1H -T 1 Y2, the second electronic fan runs at a constant rotating speed; when T is 1 -T 1H >Y2, the second electronic fan runs at full speed, so that T 1 ＜T 1max ；
Wherein, T 1 The temperature of the lubricating oil detected by the transmission oil temperature detection element; t is 1L The starting temperature of the first electronic fan is a set value; t is 1H The high-efficiency working temperature of the transmission oil is a set value; t is a unit of 1max To moistenMaximum temperature allowed for oil; y1 is the temperature rising speed of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system; y2 is the fluctuation range of the stable hydraulic oil temperature of the hydraulic system.
In some embodiments, T 1L Is 65 ℃ to 75 ℃; the T is 1H At 85-95 ℃; and/or, T 1max At the temperature of 115-125 ℃; and/or Y2 is 1.5-2.5 ℃.
In some embodiments, the air conditioning cooling system further comprises:
a condenser in fluid communication with the air conditioning system, the condenser configured to circulate with a refrigerant within the air conditioning system; and
and the third control element is electrically connected with the third electronic fan so as to control the operating parameters of the third electronic fan.
In some embodiments, the first electronic fan, the second electronic fan, and the third electronic fan are all located inside a power compartment of the work vehicle.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an engineering vehicle which comprises the cooling system of the engineering vehicle provided by any technical scheme of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a cooling method for the engineering vehicle, which is used for cooling by adopting the cooling system for the engineering vehicle provided by any technical scheme of the invention, and the cooling method comprises the following steps:
detecting the temperature of the engine, the temperature of hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system, the temperature of the transmission system and the temperature of the air conditioning system;
when the triggering condition is met, at least one of the following cooling modes is adopted: the cooling fan of the engineering vehicle cooling system is adopted for cooling the heat dissipation assembly, the first electronic fan is adopted for cooling the hydraulic oil radiator, the second electronic fan is adopted for cooling the transmission oil radiator, and the third electronic fan is adopted for cooling the condenser.
The engineering vehicle cooling system provided by the technical scheme comprises an engine cooling system, a hydraulic cooling system, a transmission cooling system and an air conditioner cooling system. Every system all is provided with corresponding fan alone, and every fan independent control does not influence each other, can realize cooling as required, and the control mode is nimble various, and whole engineering vehicle cooling system integrated degree is high.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cooling system of a work vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a cooling system of a work vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a cooling system of a work vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a rear view schematic diagram of a cooling system of a work vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an engine cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic connection diagram of an engine cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cooling water circulation diagram of an engine cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of a hydraulic cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a hydraulic cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic connection diagram of a transmission cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a transmission cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic connection diagram of an air-conditioning cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of an air-conditioning cooling system of a working vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1. an engine cooling system; 2. a hydraulic cooling system; 3. a transmission cooling system; 4. an air conditioning cooling system;
11. an engine; 12. a cooling fan; 13. a heat dissipating component; 14. a water pump; 15. a thermostat; 16. a water temperature detection element; 17. a first wind scooper; 19. a turbocharger;
131. a water-cooled radiator; 132. an intercooler;
151. a first water outlet; 152. a second water outlet;
21. a hydraulic system; 22. a first electronic fan; 23. a hydraulic pump; 24. a hydraulic oil radiator; 25. a hydraulic oil temperature detection element; 26. a hydraulic oil pressure detecting element; 27. a first control element; 28. a valve block; 29. an actuator;
210. a first oil return port; 211. an oil tank;
31. a transmission system; 32. a second electronic fan; 33. a transmission oil radiator; 34. a transmission oil temperature detection element; 35. a transmission oil pressure detecting element; 36. a second control element; 37. a drive axle; 38. a tire;
311. a gearbox; 3111. a second oil return port; 3112. an inflow port;
331. an oil inlet; 332. an oil outlet;
41. an air conditioning system; 42. a third electronic fan; 43. a condenser; 44. a cab; 45. a compressor; 46. a refrigerant pipe; 47. a third control element.
Detailed Description
The technical solution provided by the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to fig. 1 to 10.
The inventor researches and finds that when the engine of the engineering vehicle works, the reliability of the engine is poor due to overhigh temperature; when the cooling water is used in a supercooled state (the temperature of the cooling water is 40-50 ℃), the abrasion degree of parts is several times larger than that of parts when the cooling water is operated at a normal working temperature (80-90 ℃). The main task of the engine cooling system is therefore to ensure that the internal combustion engine operates in an optimum temperature regime. Lubricating oil in a hydraulic system and a transmission system of engineering machinery generates a large amount of heat in the hydraulic transmission and hydraulic transmission processes, the transmission efficiency is reduced due to overhigh oil temperature, an oil seal is rapidly aged, engine oil becomes thin, and the abrasion of parts is aggravated; the oil temperature is too low, the oil stirring power loss is large, and the efficiency is lower. The optimal working temperature of the transmission system is about 80 ℃; the optimal working temperature of a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic valve of the hydraulic system is about 60 ℃. And the air conditioning system of the construction machine itself needs cooling. None of the related art cooling systems is capable of cooling an engine system, a hydraulic system, a transmission system, and an air conditioning system in an all-round manner.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cooling system for a work vehicle, including an engine cooling system 1, a hydraulic cooling system 2, a transmission cooling system 3, and an air-conditioning cooling system 4.
The engine cooling system 1 includes an engine 11, a cooling fan 12, and a heat radiation assembly 13. The engine 11 is drivingly connected to a cooling fan 12 to cool the heat sink assembly 13.
The engine 11 is configured to provide power. The cooling fan 12 is directly driven and connected to the engine 11, and the cooling fan 12 is directly driven and rotated by the engine 11. The rotating speed of the cooling fan 12 is positively correlated with the rotating speed of the engine 11, and if the rotating speed of the engine 11 is high, the rotating speed of the cooling fan 12 is high, and the cooling efficiency is high; conversely, if the engine 11 is rotating at a low speed, the cooling fan 12 is rotating at a low speed.
Referring to fig. 4, the heat dissipation assembly 13 includes a water-cooled radiator 131 and an intercooler 132. The water-cooled radiator 131 is mounted outside the engine 11. The cooling fan 12 is disposed adjacent to the water-cooled radiator 131 to cool the water-cooled radiator 131. The intercooler 132 is disposed adjacent to the water-cooled radiator 131.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the engine system includes an engine 11, a radiator assembly 13 including a water radiator and a intercooler, a cooling fan 10, a water pump 14, and a turbocharger 19. The engine 11 is directly driven by the driving cooling fan 10 to cool the heat sink assembly 13.
The engine system further comprises a water pump 14, a thermostat 15, a water temperature detection element 16, and a turbocharger 19. The engine 11 is connected with a water pump 14 and a turbocharger 19, water and high-temperature and high-pressure air are transmitted to the heat dissipation assembly 13, the water and the high-temperature and high-pressure air are cooled by the cooling fan 10, the water is transmitted to an engine water jacket for cooling, and the low-temperature and high-pressure air is transmitted to an engine combustion chamber for combustion.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the water pump 14 is in fluid communication with the oil outlet 332 of the water-cooled radiator 131; the water pump 14 is drivingly connected to the engine 11. The thermostat 15 is installed at the upstream of the water-cooling radiator 131 and is located at the downstream of the water pump 14; the thermostat 15 includes a first water outlet 151 and a second water outlet 152 arranged in parallel; the first water outlet 151 is directly connected with the water inlet 141 of the water pump 14; the water-cooled heat sink 131 is installed downstream of the second water outlet 152 of the thermostat 15. The water temperature detection element 16 is mounted on a water outlet of the engine 11.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, under the action of the water pump 14, the water in the water-cooled radiator 131 can pass through two circulation loops, namely a large circulation loop and a small circulation loop. The two circulation loops are alternatively conducted. The water pump 14 drives the water in the water-cooled radiator 131 to flow to the engine 11, and the cooling water flowing out of the engine 11 directly flows back to the water pump 14 after passing through the thermostat 15, and this cycle is called a small cycle. The water pump 14 drives water in the water-cooled radiator 131 to flow to the engine 11, and cooling water flowing out of the engine 11 passes through the thermostat 15, flows to the intercooler 132, and then flows back to the water pump 14, and this cycle is called a large cycle.
The thermostat 15 has a certain temperature regulation function, and when the heat dissipation requirement of the engine 11 is not large, the intercooler 132 and the cooling fan 12 do not need to work, and the heat dissipation requirement of the engine 11 can be met by performing small circulation. When the heat dissipation requirement of the engine 11 is large, the intercooler 132 and the cooling fan 12 operate, and at this time, a large cycle is performed to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the engine 11.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, cooling fan 12 is directly drivingly connected to the output shaft of engine 11, and cooling fan 12 faces water-cooled radiator 131. Rotated by the drive of the engine 11. The cooling air blown by the cooling fan 12 is used to cool the water-cooled heat sink 131 and the intercooler 132, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the water-cooled heat sink 131 and the intercooler 132 is increased. The intercooler 132 is again located in the large and small cycles in which the water pump 14 is located. The water-cooled radiator 131 is used to cool water in the large and small cycles. The faster the engine 11 rotates, the greater the heat dissipation requirements. Since the cooling fan 12 is drivingly connected to the engine 11, the faster the rotation speed of the cooling fan 12 is, the lower the temperature of the intercooler 132 is, the better the cooling effect of the water output by the water pump 14 from the water-cooled radiator 131 is, and the water output by the water pump 14 flows into the engine 11 to dissipate heat inside the engine 11.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, cooling fan 12 is located between engine 11 and heat sink assembly 13. The cooling air output from the cooling fan 12 can be blown to both the engine 11 and the heat sink 13 to directly cool the engine 11 and the heat sink 13. The cooling fan 12 is larger in size than each of the electronic fans described later, and the air blown out by the cooling fan 12 can also have a certain cooling effect on the components around the cooling fan 12 described above, such as the hydraulic oil radiator 24 and the transmission oil radiator 33 described later.
Returning to fig. 1, the engine cooling system 1 further includes a first air guiding cover 17, and the first air guiding cover 17 is fixed to the heat dissipating assembly 13. The cooling fan 12 is located in the first wind scooper 17. The intercooler 132 and the water-cooled radiator 131 are fixedly connected. The water-cooled radiator 131 and the intercooler 132 are mechanically fixed together, and the cooling fan 12 is installed at the water-cooled radiator 131 and/or the intercooler 132. This arrangement makes the water-cooled radiator 131, the intercooler 132, and the cooling fan 12 occupy a very small size, and can be disposed inside the power compartment of the working vehicle. And, the cooling water connection piping between the intercooler 132, the water-cooled radiator 131, and the engine 11 is made very short, so that the structure of the engineering vehicle cooling system is compact. The cooling fan 12 directly cools the intercooler 132 and the engine 11, and further cools the cooling water in the water-cooled radiator 131.
The water-cooled radiator 131 adopts the above structure, and on the premise of satisfying the self cooling water circulation, the installation of the cooling fan 12, the direct cooling of the intercooler 132 and the engine 11, and the high integration of the engine cooling system 1 are also realized.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the hydraulic cooling system 2 further includes a hydraulic oil radiator 24, and the hydraulic oil radiator 24 is a component that performs heat dissipation cooling on the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil radiator 24 and the water-cooled radiator 131 are arranged in parallel, are approximately flush, and can be fixedly connected. The oil inlet 331 of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 is in fluid communication with the first oil return 210 of the hydraulic system 21, and the oil outlet 332 of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 is in fluid communication with the oil tank 211 of the hydraulic system 21. The oil tank 211 of the hydraulic system 21 is mounted inside the power compartment. The first electronic fan 22 is mounted on a side of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 facing the engine 11.
Referring to fig. 8, the hydraulic cooling system 2 further includes a hydraulic oil radiator 24, a hydraulic pump 23, a valve group 28, and an actuator 29. The hydraulic pump 23 is drivingly connected to the engine 11. The oil inlet 331 of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 is in fluid communication with the first oil return port 210 of the hydraulic system 21, and the oil outlet 332 of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 is in fluid communication with the oil tank 211 of the hydraulic system 21; the oil tank 211 of the hydraulic system 21 is installed inside the power cabin; the first electronic fan 22 is mounted on a side of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 facing the engine 11.
The engine 11 is in driving connection with the hydraulic pump 23, and hydraulic oil flows to the actuator 29 through the valve block 28, so that vehicle operation is realized. The hydraulic oil does work in the actuator 29, the temperature rises, the hydraulic oil flows into the hydraulic oil radiator 22, and the first electronic fan 22 returns to the hydraulic oil tank 201 after being cooled. The high-temperature hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21 flows into the hydraulic oil radiator 24 through the first oil return port 210 of the hydraulic system 21, the hydraulic oil radiator 24 cools the hydraulic oil, and then the cooled hydraulic oil is conveyed to the oil tank 211 of the hydraulic system 21. The hydraulic oil in the tank 211 of the hydraulic system 21 flows into other components of the hydraulic system 21 again, and circulates the hydraulic oil.
The first electronic fan 22 achieves heat dissipation from the hydraulic oil radiator 24. The first electronic fan 22 is driven by a separate motor. One hydraulic oil radiator 24 may be correspondingly installed with two first electronic fans 22, and the actions of the two first electronic fans 22 are synchronized. Of course, only one of the first electronic fans 22 may be controlled to operate according to the requirement. The air blown by the first electronic fan 22 not only cools the hydraulic oil radiator 24, but also has a certain cooling effect on components around the hydraulic oil radiator 24, such as the engine 11, the intercooler 132, and the water-cooled radiator 131.
With continued reference to fig. 8, in some embodiments, the hydraulic cooling system 2 further includes a hydraulic oil temperature sensing element 25 and a hydraulic oil pressure sensing element 26. The hydraulic oil temperature detecting element 25 is installed at the oil inlet 331 of the hydraulic oil radiator 24 to detect the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21. The hydraulic oil pressure detecting element 26 is installed in the hydraulic system 21 to detect the oil pressure of the hydraulic system 21. The hydraulic oil temperature detection element 25 is, for example, a sensor or the like. The hydraulic oil temperature detection element 25 detects the temperature of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic oil radiator 24, and if the temperature of the hydraulic oil is high, it indicates that a large heat dissipation amount is required; otherwise, the heat dissipation capacity is small.
Whether the hydraulic system 21 is operating normally is determined based on the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil measured by the hydraulic oil pressure detecting element 26. If a fluctuation in the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21 is detected, indicating that the hydraulic system 21 is in an operating state, the operation of the hydraulic cooling system 2 may be controlled as desired.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the hydraulic cooling system 2 further includes a first control element 27. The first control element 27 is electrically connected to the hydraulic oil temperature detecting element 25, the hydraulic oil pressure detecting element 26, and the first electronic fan 22, and the first control element 27 is configured to control an operation parameter of the first electronic fan 22 based on a temperature parameter detected by the hydraulic oil temperature detecting element 25.
In some embodiments, the operating parameters of the first electronic fan 22 include at least one of: starting, stopping, rotating speed and rotating time duration.
Before describing the control method of the hydraulic system 21, the meaning of the individual parameters is described: wherein, T 2 Is the oil temperature detected by the hydraulic oil temperature detecting element 25. T is 2H For efficient working temperature of the hydraulic oil, at a set value, in particular T 2H The temperature is 65-75 ℃, specifically 65 ℃, 70 ℃ and 75 ℃. T is 2L The first electronic fan 22 is turned on at a set value T 2L At 45-55 deg.C, such as 45 deg.C, 50 deg.C, and 55 deg.C. XReference numeral 1 denotes a rate of increase in the temperature of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system 21, and may be set according to actual conditions. X2 is the fluctuation range of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21 after the temperature is stable, and X2 is 1.5-2.5 ℃, specifically, 1.5 ℃, 2 ℃ and 2.5 ℃. T is 2max Is the allowable temperature, T, of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21 2max Is 80-90 deg.C, such as 80 deg.C, 85 deg.C, and 90 deg.C.
In some embodiments, the first control element 27 is configured to perform the following control method:
when T is 2 ≤T 2L In this case, it is described that the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system 21 is relatively low, and at this time, heat dissipation is not required, the first electronic fan 22 is stopped, and the first electronic fan 22 does not cool the hydraulic oil radiator 24. The hydraulic oil radiator 24 can meet the requirement of cooling the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21 by exchanging heat with air.
When T is 2 ＞T 2L Then, the PID control method is used to control the rotation speed of the first electronic fan 22, so that T is 2 0 <. DELTA.T of rising speed of 2 /. DELTA.t.ltoreq.X 1. The PID control method causes the oil temperature to gradually increase.
When | - ] T 2H -T 2 ≦ X2, the first electronic fan 22 operates at a constant speed; when T is 2 -T 2H >X1, the first electronic fan 22 is operated at full speed so that the oil temperature of the hydraulic system 21 does not exceed T 2max . In this case, the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil is close to the maximum allowable value, so the first electronic fan 22 is operated at a constant rotation speed to realize maximum heat dissipation, so that the oil temperature of the hydraulic oil is always lower than T 2max 。
Referring to fig. 1 and 10, in some embodiments, the transmission cooling system 3 further includes a transmission oil radiator 33. The oil inlet 331 of the transmission oil radiator 33 is in fluid communication with the second oil return port 3111 of the transmission case 311 of the transmission system 31, and the oil outlet 332 of the transmission oil radiator 33 is in fluid communication with the inflow port 3112 of the transmission case 311 of the transmission system 31; the second electronic fan 32 is mounted to the transmission oil radiator 33. The second electronic fan 32 may be independently controlled.
The transmission cooling system 3 includes a transmission oil radiator 33, a transmission case 311, a transmission axle 37, and tires 38. The engine 11 is connected to the transmission 311 and the transaxle 37, and transmits power to the tire 304 to realize vehicle traveling. The transmission oil does work in the transmission case 311, the temperature rises, the transmission oil flows into the transmission oil radiator 33, and the transmission oil returns to the oil pan of the transmission case 311 after being cooled by the second electronic fan 32.
Referring to fig. 4, a water-cooled radiator 131 is located between the transmission oil radiator 33 and the hydraulic oil radiator 24. The transmission oil radiator 33 and the water-cooled radiator 131 are fixedly connected. The arrangement mode is high in integration degree, and the fans are uniformly distributed at one position, so that the power cabin is provided with enough space for installing other components.
Referring to fig. 11, in some embodiments, the transmission cooling system 3 further includes a transmission oil temperature sensing element 34 and a transmission oil pressure sensing element 35. The transmission oil temperature detection element 34 is, for example, a temperature sensor. The transmission oil temperature detecting element 34 is installed at the oil inlet 331 of the transmission oil radiator 33 to detect the oil temperature of the hydraulic system 21. The hydraulic oil pressure detecting element 35 is installed in a transmission case 311 of the engine 11 to detect the oil pressure of the hydraulic system 21.
When the transmission oil pressure detecting element 35 detects that there is a fluctuation in the oil pressure of the lubricating oil of the transmission system 31, it indicates that the transmission system 31 is in an operating state, and the transmission cooling system 3 may need to operate. If the transmission oil pressure detecting element 35 detects that there is no fluctuation in the oil pressure of the lubricating oil of the transmission system 31, the transmission cooling system 3 does not need to be operated.
In some embodiments, the transmission cooling system 3 further comprises a second control element 36. The second control element 36 is electrically connected to the transmission oil temperature detection element 34, the transmission oil pressure detection element 35, and the second electronic fan 32, and the second control element 36 is configured to control an operation parameter of the second electronic fan 32 according to the temperature parameter detected by the transmission oil temperature detection element 34.
In some embodiments, the operating parameters of the second electronic fan 32 include at least one of: starting, stopping, rotating speed and rotating time duration.
Before describing the control method of the second control element 36, the respective relevant parameters are described. T is 1 To the temperature of the transmission oilThe oil temperature of the lubricating oil detected by the detection element 34. T is 1L The temperature is set for the first electronic fan 22 to start. T is 1L The temperature is 65-75 ℃, specifically 65 ℃, 70 ℃ and 75 ℃. T is a unit of 1H The high-efficiency working temperature of the transmission oil is a set value. Efficient operation of the transmission oil refers to the temperature of the lubricating oil required for relatively high operating efficiency of the transmission system 31. For each desired product, the operating efficiency of the drive train 31 has certain parameter requirements. T is 1H At 85-95 deg.C, such as 85 deg.C, 90 deg.C, and 95 deg.C. Y1 is the rate of increase in the temperature of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system 21. Y2 is the fluctuation range of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21 after the temperature is stabilized. Y2 is 1.5-2.5 deg.C, such as 1.5 deg.C, 2 deg.C, 2.5 deg.C. T is 1max The maximum temperature allowed for the lubricating oil. T is a unit of 1max Is 115 ℃ to 125 ℃, specifically 115 ℃, 120 ℃ and 125 ℃.
In some embodiments, the second control element 36 is configured to perform the following control method:
when T is 1 ≤T 1L Now, it is described that the temperature of the lubricating oil of the transmission system 31 is relatively low, and at this time, there is no heat dissipation requirement or the heat dissipation requirement is very low, and the cooling requirement can be met by using the transmission oil radiator 33 alone, and in this case, the second electronic fan 32 is stopped.
When T is 1 ＞T 1L The rotating speed of the second electronic fan 32 is controlled by adopting a PID control method to ensure that T is equal to T 1 0 <. DELTA.T of rising speed of 1 /[ delta ] t is less than or equal to Y1. The PID control method causes the rotation speed of the second electronic fan 32 to be gradually changed to correspond to the gradually increased temperature of the lubricating oil of the transmission system 31. Y1 is the rate of increase in the temperature of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system 21.
When | - ] T 1H -T 1 Y2, indicating that the oil temperature of the lubricating oil of the transmission system 31 has approached the maximum permissible value, in which case the second electronic fan 32 is operated at a constant speed such that the oil temperature of the lubricating oil is always equal to T 1H 。T 1H Is 85-95 ℃.
When T is 1 -T 1H >Y2, indicating that the oil temperature of the lubricating oil of the transmission system 31 has reached or even exceeded the allowable oil temperatureThe highest value, in which case the second electronic fan 32 is running at full speed, so that T is 1 ＜T 1max . As introduced above, T 1max The maximum temperature allowed for the lubricating oil. T is 1max At 115-125 deg.c, such as 115 deg.c, 120 deg.c and 125 deg.c.
Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, the ac cooling system 4 further includes a condenser 43 and a compressor 45 in fluid communication via a refrigerant line 46. The condenser 43 is in fluid communication with the compressor 45, and the cold air heat-exchanged by the condenser 43 enters the interior of the cab 44 to cool the cab 44. The second electronic fan 32 is in driving connection with a third control element 47. The third electronic fan 42 is installed on the condenser 43, and the third electronic fan 42 dissipates heat to the condenser 43, so as to further improve the heat dissipation capability of the condenser 43. The third electronic fan 42 may be independently controlled.
The hydraulic oil radiator 24, the transmission oil radiator 33, the cooling fan 12, the first electronic fan 22, the second electronic fan 32 and the third electronic fan 42 are all fixedly connected to form an integrated whole.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an engineering vehicle which comprises the cooling system of the engineering vehicle provided by any technical scheme of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a cooling method for the engineering vehicle, which is used for cooling by adopting the cooling system for the engineering vehicle provided by any technical scheme of the invention, and the cooling method comprises the following steps:
step S100, detecting the temperature of the engine 11, the temperature of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system 21, the temperature of the transmission system 31, and the temperature of the air conditioning system 41. The temperature of the engine 11 may specifically be an outlet temperature of the engine 11. The hydraulic oil temperature of the hydraulic system 21 is, for example, the return oil temperature or the outlet temperature of the hydraulic system 21. The temperature of the transmission system 31 is, for example, the temperature of hydraulic oil of the transmission system 31. The temperature of the air conditioning system 41 is, for example, the temperature of a refrigerant or the air temperature at an outlet of the air conditioning system 41.
Step S200, when the triggering condition is met, at least one of the following cooling modes is adopted: the cooling fan 12 of the cooling system of the engineering vehicle is adopted to cool the heat dissipation assembly 13, the first electronic fan 22 is adopted to cool the hydraulic oil radiator 24, the second electronic fan 32 is adopted to cool the transmission oil radiator 33, and the third electronic fan 42 is adopted to cool the condenser 43.
Each operating mode is described in detail below with reference to the actual operating mode of the work vehicle.
When the engineering vehicle runs on a running working condition, only the engine 11 and the transmission system 31 work, the cooling fan 12 of the cooling system 1 of the engineering vehicle of the engine cooling system is used for cooling the heat dissipation assembly 13, the second electronic fan 32 is used for cooling the transmission oil radiator 33, the engine cooling system 1 utilizes all or part of the thermostat to ensure the efficient running water temperature of the engine 11, and the transmission cooling system 3 utilizes the second electronic fan 32 which runs independently to ensure the optimal temperature of the lubricating oil, so that the transmission system 31 works at an efficient point. In this condition, the first electronic fan 22 does not operate and does not cool the hydraulic oil radiator 24; the third electronic fan 42 does not operate and does not cool the condenser 43, thereby reducing the power consumption of the redundant fan and achieving the effect of dual energy saving.
When the engineering vehicle runs under the working condition, only the engine 11 and the hydraulic system 21 work, and at the moment, both the transmission cooling system 3 and the air-conditioning cooling system 4 can stop working, so that the power consumption of redundant fans is reduced. Meanwhile, the engine 11 and the hydraulic system 21 are guaranteed to work at high-efficiency points, and the dual energy-saving effect is achieved.
Above-mentioned technical scheme disperses the cooling total amount of engine 11, transmission cooling system 3, hydraulic cooling system 2, air conditioner cooling system 4 in each independent cooling unit, has reduced the cooling load who directly links cooling fan 12 for fan noise source is by a big dispersion for many, greatly reduced whole car noise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, but such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. A cooling system for a work vehicle, comprising:
the engine cooling system (1) comprises an engine (11), a cooling fan (12) and a heat dissipation assembly (13); the engine (11) is in driving connection with the cooling fan (12) to cool the heat dissipation assembly (13);
a hydraulic cooling system (2) comprising a hydraulic system (21) and a first electronic fan (22); the first electronic fan (22) is configured to cool the hydraulic system (21);
a transmission cooling system (3) comprising a transmission system (31) and a second electronic fan (32); the second electronic fan (32) is configured to cool the transmission system (31); and
an air-conditioning cooling system (4) comprising an air-conditioning system (41) and a third electronic fan (42); the third electronic fan (42) is configured to cool the air conditioning system (41);
wherein the first electronic fan (22), the second electronic fan (32) and the third electronic fan (42) are distributed around the cooling fan (12).
2. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat sink assembly (13) comprises:
a water-cooled radiator (131) mounted outside the engine (11); the cooling fan (12) is arranged adjacent to the water-cooled radiator (131) to cool the water-cooled radiator (131); and
an intercooler (132) disposed adjacent to the water-cooled radiator (131);
wherein the engine cooling system (1) further comprises:
a water pump (14) in fluid communication with an oil outlet (332) of the water-cooled radiator (131); the water pump (14) is in driving connection with the engine (11);
a thermostat (15) installed upstream of the water-cooled radiator (131) and downstream of the water pump (14); the thermostat (15) comprises a first water outlet (151) and a second water outlet (152) which are arranged in parallel; the first water outlet (151) is directly connected with a water inlet (141) of the water pump (14); the water-cooling radiator (131) is arranged at the downstream of a second water outlet (152) of the thermostat (15); and
and a water temperature detection element (16) mounted on a water outlet of the engine (11).
3. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling fan (12) is fixed to an output shaft of the engine (11), the cooling fan (12) facing the water-cooled radiator (131).
4. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine cooling system (1) further comprises:
a first air guiding cover (17) fixed on the heat dissipation component (13); the cooling fan (12) is positioned in the first air guiding cover (17); the intercooler (132) and the water-cooling radiator (131) are fixedly connected.
5. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cooling system (2) further comprises:
a hydraulic pump (23) drivingly connected to the engine (11);
an oil inlet (331) of the hydraulic oil radiator (24) is in fluid communication with a first oil return port (210) of the hydraulic system (21), and an oil outlet (332) of the hydraulic oil radiator (24) is in fluid communication with an oil tank (211) of the hydraulic system (21); an oil tank (211) of the hydraulic system (21) is arranged inside the power compartment; the first electronic fan (22) is installed on a side of the hydraulic oil radiator (24) facing the engine (11).
6. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydraulic cooling system (2) further comprises:
the hydraulic oil temperature detection element (25) is installed at an oil inlet (331) of the hydraulic oil radiator (24) to detect the oil temperature of hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system (21); and
a hydraulic oil pressure detecting element (26) installed in the hydraulic system (21) to detect an oil pressure of the hydraulic system (21).
7. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that the hydraulic cooling system (2) further comprises:
a first control element (27) electrically connected to the hydraulic oil temperature detection element (25), the hydraulic oil pressure detection element (26) and the first electronic fan (22), the first control element (27) being configured to control an operating parameter of the first electronic fan (22) in accordance with a temperature parameter detected by the hydraulic oil temperature detection element (25).
8. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 7, wherein the operating parameters of the first electronic fan (22) comprise at least one of: starting, stopping, rotating speed and rotating time duration.
9. The engineering vehicle cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that the first control element (27) is configured to execute the following control method:
when T is 2 ≤T 2L When the first electronic fan (22) is stopped;
when T is 2 ＞T 2L And controlling the first power by adopting a PID control methodThe rotation speed of the sub-fan (22) is such that T 2 0 <. DELTA.T of rising speed of 2 /△t≤X1；
When | T 2H -T 2 | ≦ X2, the first electronic fan (22) operating at a constant rotational speed; when T is 2 -T 2H >X1, the first electronic fan (22) is operated at full speed, so that the oil temperature of the hydraulic system (21) does not exceed T 2max ；
Wherein, T 2 Is the oil temperature detected by the hydraulic oil temperature detection element (25); t is 2H The high-efficiency working temperature of the hydraulic oil is a set value; t is 2L -a set value for the first electronic fan (22) start temperature; x1 is the temperature rising speed of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system (21); x2 is the fluctuation range of the stable hydraulic oil temperature of the hydraulic system (21); t is 2max Is the permissible temperature of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system (21).
10. The work vehicle cooling system of claim 9, wherein T is 2L Is 45 to 55 ℃; the T is 2H Is 65 ℃ to 75 ℃; and/or, T 2max Is 80 ℃ to 90 ℃; and/or, X2 is 1.5-2.5 ℃.
11. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission cooling system (3) further comprises:
an oil inlet (331) of the transmission oil radiator (33) is in fluid communication with a second oil return port (3111) of a gearbox (311) of the transmission system (31), and an oil outlet (332) of the transmission oil radiator (33) is in fluid communication with an inflow port (3112) of the gearbox (311) of the transmission system (31); the second electronic fan (32) is mounted to the transmission oil radiator (33).
12. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 11, characterized in that the transmission cooling system (3) further comprises:
the transmission oil temperature detection element (34) is installed at an oil inlet (331) of the transmission oil radiator (33) to detect the oil temperature of the hydraulic system (21); and
and a hydraulic oil pressure detection element (35) that is installed in a transmission (311) of the engine (11) and detects the hydraulic oil pressure of the hydraulic system (21).
13. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 12, characterized in that the transmission cooling system (3) further comprises:
a second control element (36) electrically connected to the transmission oil temperature detection element (34), the transmission oil pressure detection element (35) and the second electronic fan (32), the second control element (36) being configured to control an operating parameter of the second electronic fan (32) in accordance with the temperature parameter detected by the transmission oil temperature detection element (34).
14. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 13, wherein the operating parameters of the second electronic fan (32) comprise at least one of: starting, stopping, rotating speed and rotating time duration.
15. The engineering vehicle cooling system according to claim 13, characterized in that the second control element (36) is configured to execute the following control method:
when T is 1 ≤T 1L -when the second electronic fan (32) is stopped; when T is 1 ＞T 1L The rotating speed of the second electronic fan (32) is controlled by adopting a PID control method to ensure that T is 1 0 <. DELTA.T of rising speed of 1 V. delta t is less than or equal to Y1; when | - ] T 1H -T 1 | Y2, said second electronic fan (32) operating at a constant speed; when T is 1 -T 1H >Y2, the second electronic fan (32) is operated at full speed, so that T 1 ＜T 1max ；
Wherein, T 1 The temperature of the lubricating oil detected by the transmission oil temperature detecting element (34); t is 1L -a set value for the first electronic fan (22) start temperature; t is a unit of 1H The high-efficiency working temperature of the transmission oil is a set value; t is a unit of 1max The maximum temperature allowed for the lubricating oil; y1 is the temperature rising speed of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system (21); y2 is the fluctuation range of the stabilized hydraulic oil temperature of the hydraulic system (21).
16. The work vehicle cooling system of claim 15, wherein T is 1L Is 65 ℃ to 75 ℃; said T is 1H At 85-95 ℃; and/or, T 1max 115-125 ℃; and/or Y2 is 1.5-2.5 ℃.
17. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air-conditioning cooling system (4) further comprises:
a condenser (43), the condenser (43) in fluid communication with the air conditioning system (41), the condenser (43) configured to circulate with a refrigerant within the air conditioning system (41); and
a third control element (47) electrically connected to the third electronic fan (42) for controlling an operating parameter of the third electronic fan (42).
18. The work vehicle cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the first electronic fan (22), the second electronic fan (32) and the third electronic fan (42) are all located inside a power compartment of the work vehicle.
19. A work vehicle comprising a work vehicle cooling system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18.
20. A cooling method for a work vehicle, characterized in that the cooling method is carried out by using the cooling system for a work vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18, and comprises the following steps:
-detecting the temperature of the engine (11), the hydraulic oil temperature of the hydraulic system (21), the temperature of the transmission system (31), the temperature of the air conditioning system (41);
when the triggering condition is met, at least one of the following cooling modes is adopted: adopt engineering vehicle cooling system's cooling fan (12) cooling radiator unit (13), adoption first electron fan (22) cooling hydraulic oil radiator (24), adoption second electron fan (32) cooling transmission oil radiator (33), adoption third electron fan (42) cooling condenser (43).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211662531.8A CN115978176A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Engineering vehicle cooling system, engineering vehicle and cooling method thereof |
| PCT/CN2023/086243 WO2024130891A1 (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2023-04-04 | Engineering vehicle cooling system, engineering vehicle and cooling method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211662531.8A CN115978176A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Engineering vehicle cooling system, engineering vehicle and cooling method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115978176A true CN115978176A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211662531.8A Pending CN115978176A (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Engineering vehicle cooling system, engineering vehicle and cooling method thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115978176A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024130891A1 (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-12-23 CN CN202211662531.8A patent/CN115978176A/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-04-04 WO PCT/CN2023/086243 patent/WO2024130891A1/en unknown
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| WO2024130891A1 (en) | 2024-06-27 |
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