CN115976572A - Method, system and device for controlling gas purity of electrolytic cell and storage medium - Google Patents
Method, system and device for controlling gas purity of electrolytic cell and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, a device and a storage medium for controlling the gas purity of an electrolytic cell, wherein the method comprises the steps of acquiring real-time pressure and pressure difference of a cathode side and an anode side of the electrolytic cell, acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, and adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the variation trend.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolyzed water, in particular to a method, a system, a device and a storage medium for controlling the gas purity of an electrolytic cell.
Background
As a new power system energy storage mode, compared with the traditional energy storage, the hydrogen energy storage has the advantages of cleanness, greenness, high energy density, large storage capacity, long service life, convenience in storage and transmission and the like. Therefore, the comprehensive development and utilization of the coupled hydrogen energy storage becomes one of the preferable schemes for efficient operation of wind power and photovoltaic power.
However, renewable energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy have the characteristics of randomness, volatility, uncertainty and the like, and when the load is low, the generation rate of oxygen is lower than the cross rate of hydrogen, so that the hydrogen content in oxygen is increased. The hydrogen content in oxygen exceeds 4 percent, so that the explosion risk exists, the international water electrolysis hydrogen production standard specifies that the maximum hydrogen content in oxygen is 2 percent, and when the hydrogen content exceeds 2 percent, the system needs to be forcibly stopped, so that the hydrogen content in oxygen is a main limiting factor of the working load range of the electrolytic cell.
Hydrogen in oxygen is the result of hydrogen crossover through the membrane and depends on many factors including membrane characteristics (porosity, tortuosity, and thickness), operating pressure and temperature, separation or mixed electrolyte circulation patterns, and current density, among others. In the prior art, the hydrogen content in oxygen is monitored by a sensor, the regulation of the gas purity has hysteresis and long response time, so that the hydrogen content in the oxygen in an electrolytic cell possibly exceeds a safety range to cause the shutdown of equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a system, a device and a storage medium for controlling gas purity of an electrolysis cell, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing control method has hysteresis and cannot respond in time, which may cause the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolysis cell to exceed a safe range, thereby causing equipment shutdown.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling the gas purity of an electrolytic cell, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell; acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side; adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the trend of change.
Optionally, adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the trend of change comprises: judging whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen keeps continuously increasing and exceeds a first set value or not based on the change trend; if the continuous increase is kept and the first set value is exceeded, calculating adjusting parameters of the cathode side and the anode side, and adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the adjusting parameters; if the increase does not continue or the first set value is not exceeded, the pressure on the cathode side and/or on the anode side is not adjusted.
Optionally, adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side in accordance with the adjustment parameter comprises: judging whether the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator after adjustment exceeds preset upper and lower limits according to the adjustment parameters; if the pressure does not exceed the preset upper limit and lower limit, adjusting the pressure of the cathode side or the anode side according to the adjusting parameter to enable the pressure of the anode side to be higher than the pressure of the cathode side; and if the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit are exceeded, reducing the pressure of the cathode side and the anode side simultaneously.
Optionally, after adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the adjustment parameter, the method further includes: predicting whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen is lower than a second set value according to the adjusted pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side; if the pressure is lower than the second set value, the pressure on the cathode side and the pressure on the anode side are respectively restored to the pressures before adjustment.
Optionally, the adjusting parameters include adjusting pressure difference and adjusting time, and the calculating the adjusting parameters of the cathode side and the anode side includes: acquiring the adjusting pressure difference and the adjusting time according to the relationship between the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen content in oxygen under the preset working condition; the manner of adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the adjustment parameter is as follows: on the basis of the regulating parameters, the pressure on the cathode side and/or on the anode side is regulated by means of a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve, which are arranged at the cathode-side outlet and the anode-side outlet of the electrolytic cell, respectively.
Optionally, obtaining the trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure difference between the cathode side and the anode side comprises: inputting the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell into a preset hydrogen content prediction model in oxygen; and obtaining the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen through the preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen.
Optionally, the process of constructing the prediction model of hydrogen content in oxygen according to the preset hydrogen content in oxygen includes: constructing a prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen according to the gas mixing flux of the hydrogen dissolved in the electrolyte, the hydrogen diffusion flux and the hydrogen convection; and constructing the preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen according to the dynamic impurity accumulation process of the hydrogen in the oxygen and the prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen.
Optionally, before constructing the prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen according to the gas mixture flux, the hydrogen diffusion flux and the hydrogen pair flow of the hydrogen dissolved in the electrolyte, the method further includes: acquiring gas mixed flux according to the concentration of hydrogen on the cathode side and the flow rate of electrolyte; acquiring hydrogen diffusion flux according to the effective diffusion coefficient of hydrogen permeating the membrane, the thickness of the membrane and the concentration difference of hydrogen; the hydrogen convection rate is obtained according to the pressure difference between the cathode side and the anode side, the permeability of the diaphragm, the dynamic viscosity of the electrolyte, the solubility of hydrogen in the catholyte, the pressure of the cathode side and the thickness of the diaphragm.
Optionally, the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side is regulated in such a way that the flow rate of the gas release on the cathode side and/or the anode side is regulated by means of a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve arranged at the cathode side outlet and the anode side outlet, respectively, of the electrolysis cell.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an electrolytic cell gas purity control system, which comprises a controller, a differential pressure transmitter, a first pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a cathode pressure gauge and an anode pressure gauge, wherein the differential pressure transmitter, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the cathode pressure gauge and the anode pressure gauge are all connected with the controller, the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve are respectively arranged at an anode side outlet and a cathode side outlet of an electrolytic cell, the cathode pressure gauge and the anode pressure gauge are respectively arranged at an anode side and a cathode side of the electrolytic cell, the first pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the anode side pressure, the second pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the cathode side pressure, the cathode pressure gauge is used for collecting the pressure of the cathode side of the electrolytic cell, the anode pressure gauge is used for collecting the pressure of the anode side of the electrolytic cell, the differential pressure transmitter is used for collecting the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell, the controller is used for receiving the pressure difference collected by the differential pressure transmitter, the pressure of the cathode side collected by the cathode pressure gauge and the pressure of the anode side collected by the anode pressure gauge, the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell is obtained according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell, and the first pressure regulating valve and/or the second pressure regulating valve are/is controlled based on the variation trend to regulate the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side.
A third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for controlling gas purity in an electrolytic cell, including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell; the prediction module is used for acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell; and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the change trend.
A fourth aspect of embodiments of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a computer to perform a method of controlling the purity of an electrolysis cell gas according to any one of the first aspect of embodiments of the invention.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method, the system, the device and the storage medium for controlling the gas purity of the electrolytic cell, provided by the embodiment of the invention, by acquiring the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell, then acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, and adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the variation trend, the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell can be predicted according to the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen, so that the hydrogen content in oxygen in the cathode side and/or the anode side can be adjusted in time to reduce the hydrogen content in oxygen, and the frequent shutdown of equipment caused by the fact that the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell exceeds a safe range is avoided.
Drawings
In order to express the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention more clearly, the drawings used for describing the embodiment will be briefly introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the gas purity of an electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for controlling gas purity in an electrolytic cell in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the gas purity control system of the electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the gas purity control apparatus of the electrolytic cell in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling gas purity of an electrolytic cell, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including:
step S100: the pressures and pressure differences are taken on the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolysis cell. The electrolytic cell is a device for electrolysis, hydrogen is generated on the cathode side of the electrolytic cell, oxygen is generated on the anode side of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell is alkali liquor. The pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side are obtained by arranging a differential pressure transmitter, a cathode pressure gauge and an anode pressure gauge on the electrolytic cell.
Step S200: and acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side. The hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell is mainly influenced by the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side and the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator, and the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator is correspondingly changed when the pressure of the cathode side and the pressure of the anode side are regulated, so that the change trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell can be predicted through the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side.
Step S300: the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side is adjusted based on the trend of change. Specifically, the variation range of the hydrogen content in the oxygen can be obtained through the variation trend, so that whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen continuously increases under the current pressure difference and exceeds the maximum content threshold value of the hydrogen in the oxygen specified by the international water electrolysis hydrogen production standard, and if the hydrogen content exceeds the threshold value, the electrolytic cell stops operating. Therefore, by predicting the change of the hydrogen content in the oxygen through the change trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell, different pressure regulation strategies can be adopted in advance, such as increasing the pressure of the anode side or reducing the pressure of the cathode side to enable the pressure of the anode side to be larger than that of the cathode side, or simultaneously reducing the pressure of the anode side and the pressure of the cathode side to avoid the condition that the hydrogen content in the oxygen exceeds a set threshold value to cause shutdown.
According to the method for controlling the gas purity of the electrolytic cell, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell are obtained, the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell is obtained according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side is adjusted based on the variation trend, and the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell can be predicted according to the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen, so that the hydrogen content in oxygen is reduced by adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side in time, and the frequent shutdown of equipment caused by the fact that the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell exceeds a safety range is avoided.
In an embodiment, the step S200 of obtaining the trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolysis cell according to the pressure difference between the cathode side and the anode side specifically includes:
step S210: inputting the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell into a preset hydrogen content prediction model in oxygen;
step S200: and obtaining the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen through a preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen.
The preset model for predicting the hydrogen content in the oxygen is constructed in advance according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell, the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator, the flow rate of the alkaline solution, the temperature of the alkaline solution and the current density, and is used for predicting the hydrogen content in the oxygen according to the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side.
In one embodiment, the process of constructing a model for predicting hydrogen content in oxygen comprises: constructing a prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen according to the gas mixing flux of the hydrogen dissolved in the electrolyte, the hydrogen diffusion flux and the hydrogen convection; and constructing a preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen according to the dynamic impurity accumulation process of the hydrogen in the oxygen and the initial prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen.
The hydrogen in the oxygen during the electrolysis process mainly comes from three aspects: gas mixing in a mixed alkali liquor circulation mode, trans-diaphragm gas convection caused by pressure difference and trans-diaphragm gas diffusion caused by concentration difference. In the embodiment of the invention, the electrolyte mixing at the inlets of the cathode and the anode in a mixed electrolyte circulation mode causes the hydrogen and the oxygen dissolved in the solution to be mixed with each other, and the generated gas mixing flux is considered; hydrogen diffusion flux caused by the difference in the cathode-side and anode-side dissolved hydrogen concentration; due to the hydrogen convection caused by the pressure difference between the cathode side and the anode side, a prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen is constructed on the basis of the gas mixed flux, the hydrogen diffusion flux and the hydrogen convection, and the reason of the change of the hydrogen content in the oxygen can be comprehensively reflected.
In addition, gas discharged from the electrolytic cell is subjected to gas-liquid separation and purification treatment, a dynamic impurity accumulation process of hydrogen in oxygen exists in the stage, the influence of the process is considered, a preset hydrogen content prediction model in oxygen is built according to the dynamic impurity accumulation process of hydrogen in oxygen and an initial hydrogen content prediction model in oxygen, and the change trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen under different working conditions can be predicted.
In one embodiment, before constructing the initial oxygen hydrogen content prediction model according to the gas mixture flux, the hydrogen diffusion flux and the hydrogen convection flux of the hydrogen dissolved in the electrolyte, the method further comprises:
and acquiring the gas mixing flux according to the concentration of the hydrogen on the cathode side and the flow rate of the electrolyte.
Specifically, in the mixed electrolyte circulation mode, the electrolyte mixing at the inlets of the cathode and the anode causes the hydrogen and the oxygen dissolved in the solution to be mixed with each other, and the gas mixing flux is calculated in the following mode:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
representing the gas mixing flux; />
Represents the concentration of hydrogen gas on the cathode side; v lye Representing the flow rate of the electrolyte; />
Represents the solubility of hydrogen in KOH solution; />
The cathode side pressure is indicated.
And acquiring the hydrogen diffusion flux according to the effective diffusion coefficient of the hydrogen permeating the membrane, the thickness of the membrane and the concentration difference of the hydrogen.
Specifically, the hydrogen diffusion flux due to the difference in the cathode-side and anode-side dissolved hydrogen concentration
Is represented as follows:
wherein, delta m Represents the thickness of the separator;
represents the effective diffusion coefficient of hydrogen gas through the membrane;
The hydrogen convection rate is obtained according to the pressure difference between the cathode side and the anode side, the permeability of the diaphragm, the dynamic viscosity of the electrolyte, the solubility of hydrogen in the catholyte, the pressure of the cathode side and the thickness of the diaphragm.
Specifically, the convective flow of hydrogen due to the pressure difference between the cathode and anode
Is represented as follows:
wherein Δ P represents a pressure difference between the cathode and the anode; k sep Represents the permeability of the separator; eta L Indicates the dynamic viscosity of the solution.
A model for predicting the content of hydrogen in initial oxygen is constructed on the basis of gas mixing flux, hydrogen diffusion flux and hydrogen pair flow and is represented as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the rate of oxygen generation; a. The sep The area of the diaphragm is shown. The gas discharged from the electrolytic cell is subjected to gas-liquid separation and purification treatment, the dynamic impurity accumulation process of hydrogen in oxygen exists in the stage, the influence of the process is considered, and a model HTO is predicted according to the dynamic impurity accumulation process of hydrogen in oxygen and the initial hydrogen content in oxygen 0 Construction of prediction model HTO of hydrogen content in preset oxygen 1 Is represented as follows:
wherein, tau j Which represents the separation time of oxygen passing through a gas-liquid separator, a scrubber, etc. during the purification process. Prediction model HTO through hydrogen content in preset oxygen 1 The change trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen under different working conditions can be predicted by utilizing the real-time pressure difference in the electrolytic cell.
The process of predicting the change trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen under different working conditions by a preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen is described in the following by combining a specific scene:
the prediction of the hydrogen content in oxygen based on the preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in oxygen comprises the following steps:
1. data acquisition: FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system to which the method for controlling the purity of an electrolytic cell according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied, the system including an electrolytic cell, a pressure regulating valve, a cathode pressure gauge, an anode pressure gauge, a temperature transmitter, a flowmeter, an alkaline liquid pump, a differential pressure transmitter, an editable controller, a hydrogen oxygen sensor, a hydrogen-side and oxygen-side gas-liquid separator, a liquid level transmitter, and the like. The data required to be acquired for constructing the prediction model of the hydrogen content in the preset oxygen mainly comprise the following steps: the flow rate of the electrolyte collected by the flowmeter, the pressure of the cathode side collected by the cathode pressure gauge, the pressure of the anode side collected by the anode pressure gauge, the pressure difference collected by the differential pressure transmitter, the liquid level of the cathode and the liquid level of the anode collected by the liquid level transmitter, the temperature collected by the temperature transmitter and the hydrogen content in oxygen collected by the oxygen sensor in hydrogen. When measuring the pressure difference in the electrolytic cell, the positions of the cathode pressure gauge and the anode pressure gauge should be as close to the alkali liquor outlet of the electrolytic cell as possible in order to ensure that accurate pressure data under different working conditions is obtained due to the compressibility of gas and liquid and the hysteresis of pressure change transmission.
2. Calibrating parameters of a prediction model of the hydrogen content in the preset oxygen based on data collected by a cathode pressure gauge, an anode pressure gauge and a differential pressure transmitter: experimental data were obtained under two different conditions: (1) Pressure and differential pressure, liquid level, hydrogen content in oxygen under different pressures and current densities without a pressure regulating valve; (2) Under the condition of constant current density, a pressure regulating valve is additionally arranged and adjusted, and the pressure difference in the electrolytic cell and the hydrogen content in oxygen under different liquid levels are measured. Based on the data under the above working conditions, the change correspondence rule between the cathode and anode pressure and the pressure difference of the electrolytic cell, the liquid level of the cathode and anode gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen content in oxygen can be obtained, the basis is provided for determining the adjusting pressure and the pressure difference and adjusting time when the hydrogen content in oxygen is adjusted, the adjusting pressure and the pressure difference are adjusted through the opening of the first pressure adjusting valve and the opening of the second pressure adjusting valve, and therefore the opening of the first pressure adjusting valve and the opening of the second pressure adjusting valve can be determined based on the adjusting pressure and the pressure difference.
3. Verification of the prediction accuracy of the calibrated model: based on the electrolytic cell which runs well, the consistency of the actually measured electrolytic cell pressure and pressure difference, the hydrogen content in oxygen and the model prediction result is verified through the input of given working conditions.
4. In the actual working process, real-time pressure data are measured through a cathode pressure gauge, an anode pressure gauge and a differential pressure transmitter, are gathered to an editable controller and are transmitted to a preset oxygen hydrogen content prediction model as real-time parameters, the opening of a pressure regulating valve is controlled according to the predicted value of the preset oxygen hydrogen content prediction model, the trend of the oxygen hydrogen content is changed, and the system is ensured to continuously operate.
In an embodiment, the step S300 of adjusting the cathode-side and/or anode-side pressure based on the trend of change includes:
step S310: judging whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen keeps continuously increasing and exceeds a first set value or not based on the variation trend;
step S320: if the continuous increase is kept and exceeds the first set value, calculating the regulating parameters of the cathode side and the anode side, and regulating the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the regulating parameters;
step S330: if the increase does not continue or the first set point is not exceeded, the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side is not adjusted.
Specifically, the first set value is set according to actual working conditions, and the size of the first set value is less than or equal to 2% of the maximum content threshold of hydrogen in oxygen specified by the international hydrogen production by water electrolysis standard, namely the first set value is less than or equal to 2%. Illustratively, the first set point is 2%. If the hydrogen content in the oxygen keeps continuously increasing and exceeds the first set value according to the variation trend, the situation that the hydrogen content in the oxygen is possibly overhigh due to the fact that the oxygen works according to the current pressure and the pressure difference is judged, therefore, the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side needs to be adjusted to reduce the hydrogen content in the oxygen, the situation that electrolysis is stopped due to the fact that the hydrogen content in the oxygen is overhigh is avoided, if the hydrogen content in the oxygen is not predicted to exceed the first set value, the situation that the hydrogen content in the oxygen is not overhigh under the current pressure and pressure difference working is judged, and the current pressure difference working can be continuously kept. According to the embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen content in oxygen is lower than the first set value by regulating the cathode pressure and the anode pressure, so that the condition of overhigh hydrogen content in oxygen is avoided.
In an embodiment, the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side is regulated in such a way that the flow rate of the gas discharge on the cathode side and/or the anode side is regulated by means of a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve, which are arranged at the cathode side outlet and the anode side outlet, respectively, of the electrolysis cell.
Specifically, when the electrolytic cell is combined with a variable energy source to perform electrolytic hydrogen production, the electrolytic cell is directly coupled with a renewable energy source or mutually coupled with a renewable energy source, a power grid and an energy storage device. The randomness, volatility and uncertainty of the variable energy source leads to fluctuations in the hydrogen content of the oxygen inside the electrolysis cell, which can be suppressed by adjusting the pressure and pressure difference on the cathode and anode sides. Based on the way of hydrogen generation in oxygen, the influences of cathode and anode pressure and differential pressure on the hydrogen in the oxygen are different, wherein the regulation and control capacity of pressure change on the hydrogen content in the oxygen is larger than the differential pressure, the pressure and differential pressure change of the traditional electrolysis system are realized by regulating the liquid level difference of a gas-liquid separator through a hydrogen/oxygen regulating valve, the adjustable range and the response speed are limited, and the rapid regulation and control of the pressure and the differential pressure can be realized by regulating the flow rate of gas release on the cathode side and/or the anode side, reducing the pressure or reducing the gas release flow rate and increasing the pressure through increasing the gas release flow rate. Specifically, the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve are arranged at the outlet of the cathode and the anode of the electrolytic cell to regulate the flow rate of gas release on the cathode side and/or the anode side, the arrangement of the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve enables the liquid level variable range of the gas-liquid separator to be widened, the pressure in the electrolytic cell and the pressure difference between two sides can be regulated in a short time, and the pressure can be quickly regulated and controlled according to the prediction result of a prediction model of the hydrogen content in preset oxygen, so that the gas purity is improved.
In one embodiment, adjusting the parameters includes adjusting a differential pressure and adjusting a time, calculating cathode side and anode side adjustment parameters, including: acquiring adjusting pressure difference and adjusting time according to the relationship between the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator of the anode and the cathode and the hydrogen content in oxygen under preset working conditions; the manner of adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the adjustment parameter is as follows: on the basis of the regulating parameters, the pressure on the cathode side and/or on the anode side is regulated by means of a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve, which are arranged at the cathode-side outlet and the anode-side outlet of the electrolytic cell, respectively. Generally, the adjustment pressure difference Δ P =1000pa, which is a value obtained by subtracting the cathode-side pressure from the anode-side pressure, is adjusted by changing the flow rate of gas release during the adjustment time by the first pressure adjustment valve and the second pressure adjustment valve. The adjusting pressure difference and the adjusting time are set based on the relation between the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side under the set working condition, the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator of the cathode and the anode and the hydrogen content in oxygen, and the adjusting pressure difference is larger and the adjusting time is longer when the hydrogen content in oxygen is higher under the current pressure difference. Illustratively, when the hydrogen content in the oxygen at the current pressure difference is larger than the set regulation threshold value, the regulation pressure difference and the regulation time are increased in a gradient manner, and when the hydrogen content in the oxygen at the current pressure difference is smaller than the set regulation threshold value, the regulation is performed according to the conditions that the delta P =1000pa and the regulation time T =20 mim.
In an embodiment, adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side in dependence on the adjustment parameter comprises: judging whether the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator after adjustment exceeds preset upper and lower limits according to the adjustment parameters; if the pressure does not exceed the preset upper limit and lower limit, the pressure of the cathode side or the anode side is adjusted according to the adjusting parameters, so that the pressure of the anode side is higher than that of the cathode side; if the preset upper and lower limits are exceeded, the pressures on the cathode side and the anode side are simultaneously reduced.
Specifically, the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit are safety liquid level thresholds required by the gas-liquid separator, liquid levels corresponding to the regulated pressure difference in the regulation parameters are obtained according to the relationship between the pressure and the pressure difference under the set working condition and the liquid levels of the gas-liquid separator with the anode and the cathode and the hydrogen content in the oxygen, if the liquid levels do not exceed the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit, the pressure of the anode side and the pressure of the cathode side can be regulated according to the regulated pressure difference, the pressure of the anode side and the pressure of the cathode side are regulated according to a primary regulation mode, namely, the pressure of the anode side and the pressure of the cathode side are regulated according to the regulated pressure difference, if the liquid levels exceed the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit, the normal operation of the gas-liquid separator can be influenced according to the regulated pressure difference, therefore, a secondary regulation mode is selected for regulation, the pressure of the cathode side and the anode side is reduced, and the regulation capacity of the hydrogen content in the oxygen is greater than the pressure difference due to the pressure change, so that the hydrogen content in the oxygen can be quickly regulated at the moment.
The embodiment of the invention adjusts the hydrogen content in the oxygen by two different pressure regulation strategies, adapts to different power supply side fluctuation, widens the load range of the electrolysis system, avoids the hydrogen content in the oxygen from exceeding a set threshold value, can expand the adjustment range, and has flexible adjustment mode.
In an embodiment, after adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side in accordance with the adjustment parameter, the method further comprises: predicting whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen is lower than a second set value according to the adjusted pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side; if the pressure is lower than the second set value, the cathode-side pressure and the anode-side pressure are respectively restored to the pressures before adjustment.
Specifically, the second set value is less than or equal to the first set value, when the hydrogen content in the predicted oxygen is lower than the second set value, the pressure of the original cathode side and the anode side is recovered, and when the hydrogen content in the predicted oxygen is greater than the second set value, the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side is continuously adjusted until the predicted hydrogen content in the oxygen reaches a safety range. The embodiment of the invention can keep the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolysis process in a safe range, and recover the pressure of the original cathode side and the anode side, and has small influence on the electrolysis efficiency.
The pressure regulation process is described below using a complete example.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure and pressure difference data inside the electrolytic cell are collected in real time and transmitted to the editable controller for processing, the hydrogen content in oxygen is predicted by the established prediction model of the hydrogen content in oxygen, if the predicted hydrogen content in oxygen continuously increases and tends to reach a first set value, the editable controller calculates the pressure difference Δ P between the cathode side and the anode side required for regulation, and the pressure difference causes the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator to change (in order to ensure safety, the liquid level difference Δ h is usually limited max =10, because the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve at the oxyhydrogen outlet of the electrolytic cell are arranged, the pressure inside the electrolytic cell can be ensured to be stable under the condition of a large liquid level difference, and therefore, the liquid level is not limited by the liquid level difference any more, and only the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator is required to be between the required upper limit and the required lower limit).
If the liquid level corresponding to the pressure difference is within the safety range, executing primary regulation: the opening degree delta X of the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve at the outlet of the electrolytic cell is changed, the gas flow at two sides is regulated, the pressure at the anode side is higher than that at the cathode side (generally, delta P =1000 pa), specifically, the opening degree delta X of the first pressure regulating valve at the anode side can be reduced, so that the pressure at the anode side is increased, or the opening degree delta X of the second pressure regulating valve at the cathode side is increased, so that the pressure at the cathode side is reduced, the hydrogen transmembrane convection caused by pressure difference is reduced, the continuous increase of the hydrogen content in oxygen is inhibited, and the system can continue to work.
If the fluctuation range and the frequency of the power supply are large, the liquid level corresponding to the required pressure difference delta P exceeds the preset upper and lower limits required by the gas-liquid separator, and secondary regulation and control are executed: meanwhile, the opening delta X of the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve on the cathode side and the anode side is regulated, the gas flow on the two sides is regulated, the internal pressure of the electrolytic cells on the two sides of the hydrogen and oxygen is reduced simultaneously, hydrogen in the oxygen caused by three parts of liquid mixing, diaphragm-crossing gas convection and diffusion is inhibited, the hydrogen content in the oxygen can be reduced rapidly, and the condition that the hydrogen content in the oxygen exceeds a first set value due to severe fluctuation of a power supply is avoided.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell is predicted in advance by the preset hydrogen content in oxygen prediction model, so that the gas purity can be adjusted in advance, and the halt of an electrolytic system is avoided; based on the regulation mode of the pressure to the hydrogen content in the oxygen, the electrolytic cell is not excessively and negatively influenced, the stability of the system is greatly ensured, and the inhibition effect of the regulated pressure to the hydrogen in the oxygen is higher than that of the regulation of the flow rate; in order to adapt to the fluctuation of different power supply sides, the hydrogen content in oxygen is regulated by two different pressure regulation strategies, so that the load range of an electrolysis system is widened; the arrangement of the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve enables the liquid level variable range of the gas-liquid separator to be widened, the pressure in the electrolytic cell and the pressure difference between two sides can be regulated in a short time, and the pressure can be quickly regulated and controlled according to the prediction result of the prediction model of the hydrogen content in the preset oxygen, so that the gas purity is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electrolytic cell gas purity control system, which comprises a controller, a differential pressure transmitter, a first pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a cathode pressure gauge and an anode pressure gauge, wherein the differential pressure transmitter, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the cathode pressure gauge and the anode pressure gauge are all connected with the controller, the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve are respectively arranged at an anode side outlet and a cathode side outlet of the electrolytic cell, the cathode pressure gauge and the anode pressure gauge are respectively arranged at an anode side and a cathode side of the electrolytic cell, the first pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the anode side pressure, the second pressure regulating valve is used for regulating the pressure of the cathode side, the cathode pressure gauge is used for collecting the pressure of the cathode side of the electrolysis bath, the anode pressure gauge is used for collecting the pressure of the anode side of the electrolysis bath, the differential pressure transmitter is used for collecting the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolysis bath, the controller is used for receiving the pressure difference collected by the differential pressure transmitter, the pressure of the cathode side collected by the cathode pressure gauge and the pressure of the anode side collected by the anode pressure gauge, the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolysis bath is obtained according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolysis bath, and the first pressure regulating valve and/or the second pressure regulating valve are controlled to regulate the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the variation trend.
The electrolytic cell gas purity control system also comprises a hydrogen sensor and an oxygen regulating valve which are arranged in oxygen at the oxygen outlet of the oxygen side, and a hydrogen regulating valve arranged at the gas outlet of the hydrogen side.
Specifically, the controller is an editable controller, in other embodiments, the controller may also be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or a combination of the foregoing chips.
The electrolytic cell gas purity control system provided by the embodiment of the invention improves the fault tolerance rate of the electrolytic cell coupled with variable energy based on the variation trend prediction and pressure regulation strategy, predicts the hydrogen content in oxygen in advance and controls correspondingly, improves the gas purity, avoids frequent forced shutdown of the system, and widens the working load range of the electrolytic cell. The arrangement of the pressure regulating valve widens the liquid level variable range of the gas-liquid separator, can regulate the pressure and the pressure difference at two sides of the electrolytic tank in a short time, and can realize the rapid regulation and control of the pressure according to the model prediction result, thereby improving the gas purity.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for controlling gas purity of an electrolytic cell, as shown in fig. 4, including:
an obtaining module 401 for obtaining the pressure and pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolysis cell; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
A prediction module 402, which is used for obtaining the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
A regulating module 403 for regulating the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the trend of change. For details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
According to the gas purity control device for the electrolytic cell, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell are obtained, the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell is obtained according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side is adjusted based on the variation trend, and the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell can be predicted according to the variation trend of the hydrogen content in oxygen, so that the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side is adjusted in time to reduce the hydrogen content in oxygen, frequent shutdown of equipment caused by the fact that the hydrogen content in oxygen in the electrolytic cell exceeds a safety range is avoided, and the regulation capacity and the response speed of a system on the hydrogen content in oxygen are improved.
An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, as shown in fig. 5, on which a computer program 13 is stored, the instructions being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method for controlling the gas purity of an electrolytic cell in the above-mentioned embodiment. The storage medium is also stored with audio and video stream data, characteristic frame data, an interactive request signaling, encrypted data, preset data size and the like. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory, a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD) or a Solid State Drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program to instruct relevant hardware, and the computer program 13 may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, may include the processes of the embodiments of the methods as described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or the like; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method of controlling gas purity in an electrolytic cell, comprising:
acquiring the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell;
acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side;
adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the trend of change.
2. The electrolysis cell gas purity control method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the trend of change comprises:
judging whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen keeps continuously increasing and exceeds a first set value or not based on the change trend;
if the continuous increase is kept and the first set value is exceeded, calculating adjusting parameters of the cathode side and the anode side, and adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the adjusting parameters;
if the increase does not continue or the first set point is not exceeded, the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side is not adjusted.
3. Method for controlling the gas purity of an electrolysis cell according to claim 2, wherein adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or on the anode side in accordance with the regulating parameter comprises:
judging whether the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator after adjustment exceeds preset upper and lower limits according to the adjustment parameters;
if the pressure does not exceed the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit, adjusting the pressure of the cathode side or the anode side according to the adjusting parameter to enable the pressure of the anode side to be higher than the pressure of the cathode side;
and if the preset upper limit and the preset lower limit are exceeded, reducing the pressure of the cathode side and the pressure of the anode side at the same time.
4. The method of controlling electrolysis cell gas purity according to claim 2, further comprising, after adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side in accordance with the adjustment parameter:
predicting whether the hydrogen content in the oxygen is lower than a second set value according to the adjusted pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side;
if the pressure is lower than the second set value, the pressure on the cathode side and the pressure on the anode side are respectively restored to the pressures before adjustment.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein said regulating parameters include regulating pressure differential and regulating time, and said calculating regulating parameters for said cathode side and said anode side comprises:
acquiring the adjusting pressure difference and the adjusting time according to the relationship between the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side, the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen content in oxygen under the preset working condition;
the manner of adjusting the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side according to the adjustment parameter is as follows:
on the basis of the regulating parameters, the pressure on the cathode side and/or on the anode side is regulated by means of a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve, which are arranged at the cathode-side outlet and the anode-side outlet of the electrolytic cell, respectively.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein deriving a trend of change in the hydrogen content of oxygen in the electrolysis cell based on the pressure differential between the cathode side and the anode side comprises:
inputting the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell into a preset hydrogen content prediction model in oxygen;
and obtaining the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen through the preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen.
7. The electrolyzer gas purity control method of claim 6 wherein the process of constructing the model for predicting the hydrogen content in oxygen in the predetermined oxygen comprises:
constructing a prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen according to the gas mixing flux of the hydrogen dissolved in the electrolyte, the hydrogen diffusion flux and the hydrogen convection;
and constructing the preset prediction model of the hydrogen content in the oxygen according to the dynamic impurity accumulation process of the hydrogen in the oxygen and the prediction model of the hydrogen content in the initial oxygen.
8. The method of controlling the gas purity of an electrolytic cell according to claim 7, further comprising, before constructing a model for predicting the hydrogen content in initial oxygen based on the gas mixture flux, the hydrogen diffusion flux, and the hydrogen convection flux of the hydrogen gas dissolved in the electrolyte:
acquiring gas mixed flux according to the concentration of hydrogen on the cathode side and the flow rate of electrolyte;
acquiring hydrogen diffusion flux according to the effective diffusion coefficient of hydrogen permeating the membrane, the thickness of the membrane and the concentration difference of the hydrogen;
the hydrogen convection rate is obtained according to the pressure difference between the cathode side and the anode side, the permeability of the diaphragm, the dynamic viscosity of the electrolyte, the solubility of hydrogen in the catholyte, the pressure of the cathode side and the thickness of the diaphragm.
9. Method for controlling the gas purity of an electrolysis cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the pressure on the cathode side and/or the anode side is regulated in such a way that the flow rate of the gas release on the cathode side and/or the anode side is regulated by means of a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve arranged at the cathode side outlet and the anode side outlet, respectively, of the electrolysis cell.
10. The utility model provides an electrolysis trough gas purity control system, its characterized in that, includes controller, differential pressure transmitter, first pressure regulating valve, second pressure regulating valve, cathode pressure table and positive pole manometer all with the controller is connected, first pressure regulating valve and second pressure regulating valve set up respectively at the positive pole side export and the cathode side export of electrolysis trough, cathode pressure table and positive pole manometer set up respectively at the positive pole side and the cathode side of electrolysis trough, first pressure regulating valve is used for adjusting the positive pole side pressure, the second pressure regulating valve is used for adjusting the cathode side pressure, the cathode pressure table is used for collecting the pressure of the cathode side of electrolysis trough, the anode pressure table is used for gathering the pressure of the anode side of electrolysis trough, the differential pressure is used for gathering the pressure of the cathode side and the pressure of the anode side of electrolysis trough, the controller is used for receiving the differential pressure that the differential pressure transmitter gathered, the pressure gauge pressure that the cathode pressure gathered and the pressure gauge pressure of the anode side that the anode side gathered acquire the change trend of hydrogen content in the electrolysis trough is obtained according to the pressure of the cathode side and the pressure difference of the cathode side of electrolysis trough or the trend of the second pressure regulating valve and/or the pressure regulating valve.
11. An electrolytic cell gas purity control apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell;
the prediction module is used for acquiring the variation trend of the hydrogen content in the oxygen in the electrolytic cell according to the pressure and the pressure difference of the cathode side and the anode side of the electrolytic cell;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the pressure of the cathode side and/or the anode side based on the change trend.
12. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the method of controlling the electrolyzer gas purity of anyone of claims 1 to 9.
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