CN115976352A - Method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recycled aluminum - Google Patents
Method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recycled aluminum Download PDFInfo
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- CN115976352A CN115976352A CN202310113348.0A CN202310113348A CN115976352A CN 115976352 A CN115976352 A CN 115976352A CN 202310113348 A CN202310113348 A CN 202310113348A CN 115976352 A CN115976352 A CN 115976352A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recycled aluminum, which comprises the four steps of charging and smelting, refining in a furnace, online melt treatment and semi-continuous casting which are sequentially carried out; in the preparation process, the recovered aluminum is used for replacing a primary aluminum ingot as a raw material and is put into a heat-accumulating type smelting furnace with high thermal efficiency for smelting, so that the energy consumption and the metal cost are reduced; meanwhile, in the melting process, the melting speed is increased by assisting electromagnetic stirring, then refining is carried out by using inert gas argon and a refining agent, and a furnace bottom air brick system is started to enable the refining and purifying effect to reach the optimal state; and finally, the melt is subjected to online treatment by the online wire feeding, the degassing box and the bipolar filter box, so that degassing and deslagging are effectively performed, slag inclusion in the melt is isolated, and the quality of the melt is ensured. Experimental results show that the hydrogen content of the wrought aluminum alloy ingot prepared by the method is less than or equal to 0.12mL/100g Al, the grain size is less than or equal to 1 grade, no inclusion slag is contained, and the porosity is less than or equal to 1 grade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recycled aluminum.
Background
The wrought aluminum alloy has the advantages of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good electric and thermal conductivity, high recycling rate and the like, is widely applied to various fields of the national civilians, and the aluminum alloy become the second largest metal material with the use amount being second to that of steel, thereby playing an important role in the development and construction of the current society. The preparation method of the wrought aluminum alloy mainly uses a primary aluminum ingot as a raw material, alloy strengthening elements such as silicon, iron, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, zinc, titanium and the like are added in the smelting process according to the wrought aluminum alloys with different properties, and the required wrought aluminum alloy is obtained by casting through a series of casting process procedures.
With the gradual expiration of the service life of industrial products every year, the quantity of scrapped aluminum alloy is increased, and the production cost of the aluminum alloy can be greatly reduced by fully utilizing scrapped aluminum alloy resources. According to statistical analysis, only less than 10% of the recovered aluminum resources are prepared into wrought aluminum alloy every year, most of the rest recovered aluminum resources are degraded for use, cast aluminum alloy with low added value is produced, and a large amount of high-quality alloy elements such as copper, magnesium, zinc, manganese and the like in the recovered aluminum resources are not effectively utilized, so that resource waste is caused. Therefore, the method for preparing the wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing the recycled aluminum resource plays a very important role in improving the recycling value of the recycled aluminum resource and reducing the production cost.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 112324949A discloses a method for preparing a regenerated wrought aluminum alloy from scrap aluminum alloy, which comprises heating scrap aluminum to 770-800 ℃ by an induction furnace, fully melting, cooling to 730 ℃, and adding alloying elements and rare earth elements to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy. In the technology, the temperature needs to be raised and then lowered, so that energy waste and production efficiency are reduced, and meanwhile, rare earth elements need to be added, so that the production cost of the wrought aluminum alloy is increased. Therefore, the method for preparing the wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing the recycled aluminum is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recycled aluminum, which realizes the utilization of the recycled aluminum and ensures that the prepared wrought aluminum alloy has high quality.
In view of the above, the present application provides a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy from recycled aluminum, comprising the steps of:
a) Charging and smelting: firstly, spraying a sodium-free type slag former at the bottom of a smelting furnace, then charging the recovered aluminum and the raw materials, and starting to melt after charging; when 40-50% of furnace burden is melted, starting electromagnetic stirring, and after the furnace burden is leveled, assisting mechanical stirring; sampling and analyzing and adjusting components when the temperature of the melt reaches above 720 ℃;
b) Refining in a furnace: when the temperature reaches 730-750 ℃, refining in a smelting furnace, and refining in a holding furnace after a converter; opening a furnace bottom air brick system in the refining process;
c) Melt online treatment: an online wire feeding machine is provided with two ways of wire feeding of Al-5Ti-1B alloy wires, the speed is 1.0-2.0 kg/ton aluminum, a Hycast degassing box is used, the argon flow is 70-75L/min, the argon pressure is 7.0-7.5 barg, the rotor rotation speed is 650-750 rpm, and a bipolar filter box is provided with a ceramic filter plate with the porosity of 30ppi + 50ppi;
d) Semi-continuous casting: and C), guiding the melt obtained in the step C) from the heat preservation furnace to a casting launder, and sequentially casting the melt through an online wire feeder, a degassing box, a filter box and a crystallizer in a direct water-cooling semi-continuous casting mode to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy ingot.
Preferably, in the step A), the addition amount of the sodium-free type slag former is 0.8-1.5 kg/ton of aluminum; the recycled aluminum is packed into briquettes or is packed into a furnace in a bundled mode, and the adding amount of the recycled aluminum is 80-90 wt% of the total amount of recycled materials and raw materials.
Preferably, in the step A), the charging sequence is that loose recycled aluminum with large surface area and small volume is added firstly, and then the recycled aluminum compacted into bundles is added; the electromagnetic stirring time is 30-40 min, and the mechanical stirring time is 3-10 min.
Preferably, in step B), the granular refining agent component comprises: 6 to 12 weight percent of Mg, 20 to 35 weight percent of K, 2.0 to 3.5 weight percent of Ca2, 4.0 to 7.0 weight percent of F, 45 to 55 weight percent of Cl and less than or equal to 5 weight percent of other elements.
Preferably, in the step B), argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.996% is used as a carrier for refining in the smelting furnace, a granular refining agent with the dosage of 1.3-1.7 kg/ton of aluminum is sprayed into the aluminum melt, the pressure is 0.05-0.15 MPa, and the refining time of the smelting furnace is 30-40 min; the refining argon pressure of the holding furnace is 0.05-0.15 MPa, and the refining time is 10-30 min.
Preferably, in the step B), the pressure for opening the furnace bottom air brick system in the refining process is 350-900 KPa, the blowing carrier is argon, and the argon flow is 50-70L/min.
Preferably, in the step B), the smelting furnace is refined and then stands for 20-30 min and then slag is removed; and standing for 20-30 min after refining in the holding furnace, and then slagging off.
Preferably, in step C), the online hydrogen content of the melt after online treatment is less than or equal to 0.12mL/100gAl.
Preferably, in the step D), the temperature of the semi-continuous casting is 700-750 ℃, the casting speed is 20-50 mm/min, and the water flow is 40-200 m 3 /h。
The application provides a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recovered aluminum, which adopts the recovered aluminum to replace a primary aluminum ingot as a raw material to be put into a heat-accumulating type smelting furnace with high thermal efficiency for smelting, thereby reducing energy consumption and metal cost; meanwhile, in the melting process, electromagnetic stirring is assisted to accelerate the melting speed, then the refining is carried out by using inert gas argon and a refining agent, and a furnace bottom air brick system is started to ensure that the refining and purifying effect reaches the optimal state; and finally, the melt is subjected to online treatment by the online wire feeding, the degassing box and the bipolar filter box, so that degassing and deslagging are effectively performed, slag inclusion in the melt is isolated, and the quality of the melt is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing grain size of an aluminum alloy ingot produced in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
In view of the problems of high production cost, poor melt purification technology and difficulty in ensuring product quality in the process of preparing the wrought aluminum alloy by recycling aluminum in the prior art, the application provides a method for preparing the wrought aluminum alloy by using the recycled aluminum as a raw material to replace a primary aluminum ingot, and the wrought aluminum alloy is prepared by the working procedures of smelting, melt purification treatment and semi-continuous casting, wherein the hydrogen content of the wrought aluminum alloy is less than or equal to 0.12mL/100g Al, the grain size of the wrought aluminum alloy is less than or equal to 1 grade, and the defects of inclusion, slag inclusion, loosening, cracking and the like are overcome. Specifically, the embodiment of the invention discloses a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing recycled aluminum, which comprises the following steps:
a) Charging and smelting: firstly, scattering a sodium-free type slag removing agent at the bottom of a smelting furnace, then charging recycled aluminum and raw materials into the furnace, and starting to melt after charging; when 40-50% of furnace burden is melted, starting electromagnetic stirring, and after the furnace burden is leveled, assisting mechanical stirring; sampling and analyzing and adjusting components when the temperature of the melt reaches above 720 ℃;
b) Refining in a furnace: when the temperature reaches 730-750 ℃, starting the refining of the smelting furnace, taking inert gas argon as a carrier, spraying 1.3-1.7 kg/ton of aluminum granular refining agent into the aluminum melt of the smelting furnace, and simultaneously starting a furnace bottom air brick system of the smelting furnace; refining the aluminum melt of the holding furnace by argon after the converter is turned, and opening a furnace bottom air brick system of the holding furnace;
c) Melt online treatment: an online wire feeding machine is provided with two-way wire feeding of Al-5Ti-1B alloy wires, the speed is set according to 1.5 kg/ton of aluminum, a Hycast degassing box is used, the argon flow is 70-75L/min, the argon pressure is 7.0-7.5 barg, the rotor rotation speed is 650-750 rpm, and a bipolar filter box is provided with a ceramic filter plate with the porosity of 30ppi < +50ppi;
d) Semi-continuous casting: and C), guiding the melt obtained in the step C) from the heat preservation furnace to a casting launder, and sequentially casting the melt through an online wire feeder, a degassing box, a filter box and a crystallizer in a direct water-cooling semi-continuous casting mode to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy ingot.
In the process of preparing the wrought aluminum alloy by utilizing the recycled aluminum, the method comprises the processes of charging and smelting, in-furnace refining, melt on-line treatment and semi-continuous casting which are sequentially carried out.
Firstly, furnace charging and smelting are carried out, and specifically: before charging, firstly, uniformly scattering a sodium-free type slagging agent at the bottom of the furnace, then charging the recovered aluminum and the raw materials, and heating and melting after charging; when 40-50% of furnace burden is melted, starting electromagnetic stirring, and after the furnace burden is leveled, assisting mechanical stirring; sampling and analyzing and adjusting components when the temperature of the solution reaches above 720 ℃; in the process, the addition amount of the sodium-free slag remover is 0.8-1.5 kg/ton aluminum; the recycled aluminum is pressed into blocks or charged into a furnace in a bundled mode, and the adding amount of the recycled aluminum is 80-90 wt% of the total amount of recycled materials and raw materials; more specifically, the addition amount of the sodium-free type slag former is 0.8-1.2 kg/ton of aluminum, and the addition amount of the recovered aluminum is 82-88 wt%. The charging sequence is that loose recycled aluminum with large surface area and small volume is added firstly, and then the recycled aluminum compacted into bundles is added. The electromagnetic stirring is turned on to improve the melting efficiency and accelerate the uniformity of the alloy elements and the temperature diffusion. The electromagnetic stirring time is 30-40 min, and the mechanical stirring time is 3-10 min.
According to the invention, after the components of the melt of the smelting furnace are qualified, the smelting furnace is refined when the temperature reaches 730-750 ℃, argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.996% is used as a carrier, the pressure is 0.05-0.15 MPa, the granular refining agent with the dosage of 1.3-1.7 kg/ton aluminum is uniformly sprayed into the melt in the smelting furnace, the refining time is 30-40 min, simultaneously, a furnace bottom air brick system of the smelting furnace is opened, the refining effect is strengthened, the smelting furnace is firstly kept stand for 20-30 min after the refining is finished, then surface scum is taken, and the smelting furnace is waited for use; and (3) refining the melt in a holding furnace after the melt is transferred from the smelting furnace to the holding furnace, refining with argon gas, setting the pressure to be 0.05-0.15 MPa, refining for 10-30 min, starting a gas permeable brick system of the holding furnace in the refining process to strengthen the refining effect, and standing for 20-30 min before slagging-off treatment after the refining is finished. In the above process, the granular refining agent component comprises: 6 to 12 weight percent of Mg, 20 to 35 weight percent of K, 2.0 to 3.5 weight percent of Ca2, 4.0 to 7.0 weight percent of F, 45 to 55 weight percent of Cl and less than or equal to 5 weight percent of other elements. In the smelting process, two times of refining can be carried out, the dosage of the refining agent is 0.8-1.2 kg/ton of aluminum, the refining time is 15-30 min, and the slag skimming and standing are carried out after the refining is finished. The pressure for starting the smelting furnace air brick system is 350-900 KPa, the blowing carrier is argon, and the argon flow is 50-70L/min. Similarly, the holding furnace may be charged with a granular refining agent in an amount of 0.4 to 0.6 kg/ton of aluminium.
In the refining process, the refining agent and the aluminum melt generate physical adsorption and chemical reaction for deslagging, and impurities in the melt are brought to the surface of the melt while degassing according to the partial pressure difference principle, so that the degassing and deslagging effects are achieved. The aluminum slag discharged by refining and slagging-off is transferred to a rotary furnace to be rotationally fried to recover residual aluminum liquid, so that the whole metal recovery aluminum is improved, in addition, the recovered aluminum liquid can be re-melted again, and the metal cost is saved.
The application then carries out on-line treatment on the refined melt, specifically: before semi-continuous casting, an online wire feeding machine is provided with two-way wire feeding of Al-5Ti-1B alloy wires, the speed is set according to 1.0-2.0 kg/ton aluminum, a Hycast degassing box is used, the argon flow is 70-75L/min, the argon pressure is 7.0-7.5 barg, the rotor rotation speed is 650-750 rpm, and a bipolar filter box is provided with a ceramic filter plate with the porosity of 30ppi + 50ppi; more specifically, the two-way wire feeding speed is 1.2-1.8 kg/ton of aluminum, the argon flow is 72-74L/min, the argon pressure is 7.2-7.4 barg, and the rotor rotation speed is 660-720 rpm.
The semi-continuous casting is finally carried out, the obtained melt is guided to a casting trough from a heat preservation furnace and is cast sequentially through an online wire feeder, a degassing box, a filter box and a crystallizer, and the casting mode is direct water-cooling semi-continuous casting to obtain the semi-continuous castingTo wrought aluminum alloy ingots. In the process, the temperature of the semi-continuous casting is 700-750 ℃, the casting speed is 20-50 mm/min, and the water flow is 40-200 m 3 H; specifically, the temperature of the semi-continuous casting is 720-740 ℃, the casting speed is 30-40 mm/min, and the water flow is 45-180 m 3 /h。
The application provides a method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy by using recovered aluminum, which adopts recovered aluminum to replace a primary aluminum ingot as a raw material to be put into a heat storage type smelting furnace with high thermal efficiency for smelting, and uses element additives for proportioning, thereby reducing the energy consumption and the metal cost, and reducing the production and manufacturing cost of the prepared wrought aluminum alloy by more than 50%; meanwhile, in the melting process of the melting furnace, the melting speed is increased by assisting electromagnetic stirring, then refining is carried out by using inert gas argon and a refining agent, and a furnace bottom air brick system is started to enable the refining and purifying effect to reach the best state; and finally, the out-of-furnace online treatment of the degassing box and the bipolar filter box effectively removes gas and slag and isolates slag inclusion in the melt, so that the melt quality is ensured, the hydrogen content of the prepared wrought aluminum alloy ingot casting product is less than or equal to 0.12mL/100g Al, the grain size is less than or equal to 1 grade, no inclusion slag is contained, and the porosity is less than or equal to 1 grade.
For further understanding of the present invention, the method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy from recycled aluminum provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
Preparing a high-quality wrought aluminum alloy ingot casting according to the following method: comprises the steps of charging and smelting, refining in a furnace, online treatment and casting which are sequentially carried out;
1) Charging and smelting:
before charging, uniformly scattering sodium-free slag former at the bottom of the furnace, wherein the using amount of the sodium-free slag former is 0.8 kg/ton of aluminum, and then charging the packed and pressed or bundled recovered aluminum into the furnace, wherein the weight of the recovered aluminum is 80 percent of the total weight of the fed materials; starting electromagnetic stirring for 30min after the furnace burden is melted by about 40%, and stirring for 5min with machinery after the furnace burden is leveled, and timely removing floating slag on the surface of the melt; when the temperature of the melt reaches above 730 ℃, sampling and analyzing, and adding corresponding alloy element additives according to the analysis result to supplement materials and adjust components;
2) Refining in a furnace:
after the components of the melt are qualified, when the temperature reaches 730-740 ℃, refining in a smelting furnace, using argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.996% as a carrier, setting the pressure to be 0.08MPa, uniformly spraying a granular refining agent with the dosage of 1.3 kg/ton of aluminum into the melt in the furnace, refining for 30min, simultaneously starting an air brick system of the smelting furnace, keeping the pressure of the air brick at 350KPa and the flow of the argon at 55L/min, standing for 20min after refining and then removing surface scum; refining in a heat preservation furnace behind a converter by using argon, setting the pressure to be 0.08MPa, setting the refining time to be 20min, starting a heat preservation furnace air brick system in the refining process, setting the air brick pressure to be 350KPa and the argon flow to be 55L/min, standing for 20min after the refining is finished, and then carrying out slagging-off treatment;
3) And (3) online processing:
before semi-continuous casting, an online wire feeder is provided with an Al-5Ti-1B alloy wire two-way wire feeding, the speed is set according to 1.5 kg/ton of aluminum, a Hycast degassing box is used, the argon flow is 70L/min, the argon pressure is 7.5barg, the rotor rotation speed is 700rpm, and a bipolar filter box is provided with a porosity of 30ppi +50ppi ceramic filter plate;
4) Casting:
the melt is guided from the holding furnace to a casting launder and then sequentially passes through an online wire feeding machine, a degassing tank, a filter box and a crystallizer for casting, the casting mode is direct water-cooling semi-continuous casting, the casting temperature is 738 +/-5 ℃, the casting speed is 27mm/min, and the casting water flow is 45m 3 H, after entering a steady state, adjusting the casting speed to 50mm/min and the water flow to 216m 3 And h, finally obtaining the deformed aluminum alloy flat ingot.
Example 2
Preparing a high-quality wrought aluminum alloy ingot casting according to the following method: comprises the steps of charging and smelting, refining in a furnace, online treatment and casting which are sequentially carried out;
1) Charging and smelting:
the difference from example 1 is that: uniformly scattering a sodium-free slag remover at the bottom of the furnace, wherein the using amount of the sodium-free slag remover is 1.0kg per ton of aluminum, and the weight of the recovered aluminum is 90 percent of the total weight of the fed materials; starting electromagnetic stirring for 35min after the furnace burden is melted by about 40%, and assisting mechanical stirring for 5min after the furnace burden is leveled;
2) Refining in a furnace:
after the components of the melt are qualified, when the temperature reaches 730-740 ℃, refining in a smelting furnace, using argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.996% as a carrier, setting the pressure to be 0.10MPa, uniformly spraying a granular refining agent with the dosage of 1.7 kg/ton of aluminum into the melt in the furnace, refining for 35min, simultaneously starting an air brick system of the smelting furnace, keeping the air brick pressure at 700KPa and the argon flow at 70L/min, standing for 20min after refining, and then removing surface scum; refining in a holding furnace behind a converter by using argon, setting the pressure to be 0.10MPa, refining for 15min, starting a gas permeable brick system of the holding furnace in the refining process, keeping the pressure of the gas permeable brick at 700KPa and the flow of the argon at 70L/min, standing for 25min after the refining is finished, and then slagging off;
3) And (3) online processing:
the on-line treatment method is the same as in example 1, except that: a Hycast degassing tank was used with an argon flow of 75L/min, an argon pressure of 7.0barg and a rotor speed of 700rpm.
4) Casting:
the casting method was the same as in example 1 except that: casting speed is 26mm/min, and casting water flow is 48m 3 H, after entering a steady state, adjusting the casting speed to 42mm/min and the water flow to 150m 3 /h。
Example 3
Preparing a high-quality wrought aluminum alloy ingot according to the following method: comprises the steps of charging and smelting, refining in a furnace, online treatment and casting which are sequentially carried out;
1) Charging and smelting:
the charging and smelting are the same as those in the example 1;
2) Refining in a furnace:
after the components of the melt are qualified, when the temperature reaches 730-740 ℃, the smelting furnace carries out primary refining, argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.996% is used as a carrier, the pressure is set to be 0.10MPa, a granular refining agent with the dosage of 1.0 kg/ton of aluminum is uniformly sprayed into the melt in the furnace, the refining time is 20min, meanwhile, an air brick system of the smelting furnace is started, the pressure of the air brick is 350KPa, the flow of the argon is 70L/min, the slag is removed firstly after the refining is finished, then the smelting furnace is kept still for 20min, then secondary refining is carried out, the refining method and the process are the same as the first time, and the converter is directly carried out without keeping still after the slag is removed; then, carrying out third refining in a holding furnace, uniformly spraying a granular refining agent of 0.5 kg/ton aluminum into the melt by taking argon as a carrier, refining for 20min, starting a holding furnace air brick system in the refining process, wherein the air brick pressure is 700KPa, the argon flow is 70L/min, and slagging off and standing for 25min after refining;
3) And (3) online processing:
the on-line treatment method is the same as in example 1, except that: using a Hycast degassing box, wherein the argon flow is 75L/min, the argon pressure is 7.5barg, and the rotor rotation speed is 750rpm;
4) Casting:
the casting method was the same as in example 1 except that the casting speed was 27mm/min and the casting water flow rate was 50m 3 H, after entering a steady state, adjusting the casting speed to 50mm/min and the water flow to 222m 3 /h。
The wrought aluminum alloy ingots prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention were subjected to performance testing, the testing methods and the testing results are shown in table 1; the grain size results for the wrought aluminum alloy ingot prepared in example 1 are shown in FIG. 1;
TABLE 1 tables of Properties of wrought aluminum alloy ingots prepared in examples 1-3
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing wrought aluminum alloy from recycled aluminum comprises the following steps:
a) Charging and smelting: firstly, scattering a sodium-free type slag removing agent at the bottom of a smelting furnace, then charging recycled aluminum and raw materials into the furnace, and starting to melt after charging; when 40-50% of furnace burden is melted, starting electromagnetic stirring, and after the furnace burden is leveled, assisting mechanical stirring; sampling and analyzing and adjusting components when the temperature of the melt reaches above 720 ℃;
b) Refining in a furnace: when the temperature reaches 730-750 ℃, refining in a smelting furnace, and refining in a holding furnace after a converter; opening a furnace bottom air brick system in the refining process;
c) Melt online treatment: the online wire feeding machine is provided with two ways of wire feeding of Al-5Ti-1B alloy wires, the speed is 1.0-2.0 kg/ton aluminum, a Hycast degassing box is used, the argon flow is 70-75L/min, the argon pressure is 7.0-7.5 barg, the rotor rotation speed is 650-750 rpm, and a bipolar filter box is provided with a ceramic filter plate with the porosity of 30ppi + 50ppi;
d) Semi-continuous casting: and C), guiding the melt obtained in the step C) from the heat preservation furnace to a casting launder, and sequentially casting the melt through an online wire feeder, a degassing box, a filter box and a crystallizer in a direct water-cooling semi-continuous casting mode to obtain the wrought aluminum alloy ingot.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step a), the sodium-free slag-forming agent is added in an amount of 0.8 to 1.5 kg/ton of aluminum; the recycled aluminum is packed into briquettes or is packed into a furnace in a bundle, and the addition amount of the recycled aluminum is 80 to 90 weight percent of the total amount of recycled materials and raw materials.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step a), the charging sequence is that loose recycled aluminum with large surface area and small volume is added, and then the recycled aluminum compacted into bundles is added; the electromagnetic stirring time is 30-40 min, and the mechanical stirring time is 3-10 min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step B), the particulate refining agent component comprises: 6 to 12 weight percent of Mg, 20 to 35 weight percent of K, 2.0 to 3.5 weight percent of Ca2, 4.0 to 7.0 weight percent of F, 45 to 55 weight percent of Cl and less than or equal to 5 weight percent of other elements.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step B), argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.996% is used as a carrier for refining in the smelting furnace, a granular refining agent with the dosage of 1.3-1.7 kg/ton aluminum is sprayed into the aluminum melt, the pressure is 0.05-0.15 MPa, and the refining time in the smelting furnace is 30-40 min; the refining argon pressure of the holding furnace is 0.05-0.15 MPa, and the refining time is 10-30 min.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step B), the pressure for opening the furnace bottom air brick system in the refining process is 350-900 KPa, the blowing carrier is argon, and the flow of the argon is 50-70L/min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step B), the smelting furnace is refined and then stands for 20-30 min before slagging off; and after refining, the heat preservation furnace is firstly kept stand for 20-30 min and then slag is removed.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step C), the melt is subjected to an in-line treatment to have an in-line hydrogen content of 0.12mL/100gAl or less.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the semi-continuous casting in step D) is 700 to 750 ℃, the casting speed is 20 to 50mm/min, and the water flow rate is 40 to 200m 3 /h。
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