CN115974459A - Magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002367 SrTiO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011278 co-treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene ethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012029 structural testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material which is prepared from the following raw materials: 20-60 parts by weight of magnesium slag; 5-65 parts of polystyrene; 20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic; 10-25 parts of water; 0.05 to 0.5 weight portion of rheology modifier. Compared with the prior art, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material provided by the invention selects magnesium slag as a main raw material of the composite material, is matched with other specific components with specific contents, realizes better overall interaction, has good mechanical property, piezoelectric property, volume stability and durability, and realizes high-efficiency and low-cost reutilization of the magnesium slag.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of piezoelectric composite materials, in particular to a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The piezoelectric composite material is a polymer piezoelectric material having piezoelectricity, and can exhibit the same piezoelectricity in any direction without being subjected to a treatment such as stretching. This feature plays a very important role in the structural testing of concrete. The continuous emergence of high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings nowadays has gradually increased the requirements for the mechanical properties of piezoelectric composite materials. The piezoelectric composite material applied to the concrete industry is generally a cement-based piezoelectric material and is widely applied, but the practical requirements at present have the problems of poor mechanical property, piezoelectric property and thermal stability, high loss, mismatching of piezoelectric phase mechanical property and a matrix and the like.
Chinese patent CN114656256A discloses a piezoelectric composite material prepared by using titanium-containing minerals and a method thereof, and the invention provides a method for preparing the piezoelectric composite material by using titanium-containing blast furnace slag, high titanium slag, lead oxide and sodium salt as raw materials and roasting in a one-step two-section manner. The piezoelectric composite material has better fusion with concrete and excellent mechanical property and piezoelectric property, but the invention has the roasting process, thereby not only increasing the cost of combustion energy, but also increasing the production time cost in the one-step two-section roasting process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the problem that the mechanical property and the piezoelectric property of the common composite material cannot be compatible, the present invention aims to provide a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material which is prepared from the following raw materials:
20-60 parts by weight of magnesium slag;
5-65 parts of polystyrene;
20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic;
10-25 parts of water;
0.05 to 0.5 weight portion of rheological control agent.
Preferably, the particle size of the magnesium slag is 5-65 μm.
Preferably, the polystyrene is selected from one or more of general-purpose polystyrene, foaming-grade polystyrene and impact-grade polystyrene; the particle size of the polystyrene is 10-100 mu m.
Preferably, the polystyrene consists of 10 to 55 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene, 15 to 50 weight percent of foaming grade polystyrene and 55 to 90 weight percent of impact-resistant grade polystyrene,
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 10 to 45 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 55 to 90 weight percent of impact-resistant polystyrene,
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 15 to 50 weight percent of foaming-grade polystyrene and 50 to 85 weight percent of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene,
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 50 to 80 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 20 to 50 weight percent of foaming-grade polystyrene;
or the like, or, alternatively,
is impact-resistant polystyrene.
Preferably, the glass ceramic is SrTiO 3 The particle size is 3-70 μm.
Preferably, the rheology modifier is selected from one or more of chitosan, chitin and chitin.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material, which comprises the following steps:
a) Uniformly mixing magnesium slag, polystyrene and glass ceramic to obtain a mixture A; uniformly mixing the rheological control agent and water to obtain a mixture B;
b) Adding the mixture B into the mixture A and stirring until solid and liquid are not layered to obtain a wet material;
c) Pressing and molding the wet material to obtain a blank;
d) And putting the blank into a carbonizing device for carbonizing to generate the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Preferably, the condition for uniform mixing in step a) can also use a ball mill: the lining plate material of the ball mill comprises but not limited to chromium cast iron, medium chromium alloy steel and multi-element low alloy diamond, the grinding ball material comprises but not limited to cast steel balls, high chromium cast iron and ceramics, the filling rate is 40% -50%, the rotating speed of the ball mill cylinder is 18 r/min-20 r/min, and the grinding and mixing time is 0.5-3 h for dry grinding.
Preferably, the press forming conditions in step c) are: the pressure intensity is 10MPa to 50MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30s to 180s.
Preferably, the carbonization conditions in step d) are: at a concentration of CO greater than 5% 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.1-0.6 MPa, and the carbonizing time is 0.5-24 h.
The invention provides a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material which is prepared from the following raw materials: 20-60 parts by weight of magnesium slag; 5 to 65 parts by weight of polystyrene; 20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic; 10-25 parts of water; 0.05 to 0.5 weight portion of rheological control agent. Compared with the prior art, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material provided by the invention selects magnesium slag as a main raw material of the composite material, is matched with other specific components with specific contents, realizes better overall interaction, has good mechanical property, piezoelectric property, volume stability and durability, and realizes high-efficiency and low-cost reutilization of the magnesium slag.
In addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, no roasting process, mild and easily-controlled conditions and wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material which is prepared from the following raw materials:
20-60 parts by weight of magnesium slag;
5 to 65 parts by weight of polystyrene;
20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic;
10-25 parts of water;
0.05 to 0.5 weight portion of rheological control agent.
In the invention, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material is prepared from raw materials including magnesium slag, polystyrene, glass ceramic, water and a rheology modifier, and is preferably prepared from the magnesium slag, the polystyrene, the glass ceramic, the water and the rheology modifier. The sources of the polystyrene, glass ceramic and rheology modifier are not particularly limited in the present invention, and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art may be used; the magnesium slag is industrial waste slag discharged in the smelting process of metal magnesium.
In the present invention, the particle size of the magnesium slag is preferably 5 to 65 μm, and more preferably 20 to 40 μm. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material has excellent mechanical property and piezoelectric property and wide application prospect.
In the present invention, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises 20 to 60 parts by weight of magnesium slag, preferably 30 to 40 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the polystyrene is preferably selected from one or more of general-purpose polystyrene, expanded-grade polystyrene and impact-grade polystyrene; in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polystyrene consists of 10 to 55wt% of general-purpose polystyrene, 15 to 50wt% of expanded-grade polystyrene and 55 to 90wt% of impact-grade polystyrene, preferably 15wt% of general-purpose polystyrene, 25wt% of expanded-grade polystyrene and 60wt% of impact-grade polystyrene;
or the like, or a combination thereof,
consists of 10 to 45 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 55 to 90 weight percent of impact-resistant polystyrene, and preferably consists of 20 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 80 weight percent of impact-resistant polystyrene;
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 15 to 50 weight percent of foaming-grade polystyrene and 50 to 85 weight percent of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene;
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 50 to 80 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 20 to 50 weight percent of foaming-grade polystyrene;
or the like, or, alternatively,
is impact-resistant polystyrene.
In the present invention, the particle size of the polystyrene is preferably 10 to 100. Mu.m, and more preferably 40 to 60 μm.
In the invention, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises 5 to 65 parts by weight of polystyrene, and preferably 20 to 35 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the glass ceramic is preferably SrTiO 3 The particle diameter is preferably 3 to 70 μm.
In the present invention, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises 20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic, preferably 25 to 35 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the rheology modifier is preferably selected from one or more of chitosan, chitin and chitin, more preferably chitosan.
In the invention, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises 0.05 to 0.5 weight part of rheology modifier, preferably 0.15 to 0.2 weight part.
The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material provided by the invention selects magnesium slag as a main raw material of the composite material, is matched with other specific components with specific contents, realizes better overall interaction, has good mechanical property, piezoelectric property, volume stability and durability, and realizes high-efficiency and low-cost reutilization of the magnesium slag.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material, which comprises the following steps:
a) Uniformly mixing magnesium slag, polystyrene and glass ceramic to obtain a mixture A; uniformly mixing the rheological control agent and water to obtain a mixture B;
b) Adding the mixture B into the mixture A and stirring until solid and liquid are not layered to obtain a wet material;
c) Pressing and molding the wet material to obtain a blank;
d) And putting the blank into a carbonizing device for carbonizing to generate the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Firstly, uniformly mixing magnesium slag, polystyrene and glass ceramic to obtain a mixture A; and (3) uniformly mixing the rheological regulator and water to obtain a mixture B.
In the present invention, the magnesium slag, the polystyrene, the glass ceramic, the rheology modifier and the water are the same as those in the above technical scheme, and are not described herein again.
In the present invention, the condition for the uniform mixing may preferably be a ball mill: the lining plate material of the ball mill comprises but is not limited to chromium cast iron, medium chromium alloy steel and multi-element low alloy diamond, the material of the grinding ball comprises but is not limited to casting steel ball, high chromium cast iron and ceramic, the filling rate is preferably 40% -50%, more preferably 45%, the rotating speed of the ball mill cylinder is preferably 18 r/min-20 r/min, the grinding and mixing time is preferably 0.5-3 h, more preferably 1h, and dry grinding is carried out.
In the invention, the ball mill can more accurately control the particle size of each prepared material by adjusting and changing parameters such as filling rate, cylinder rotating speed, grinding and mixing time and the like, and can also enable each material to be more fully mixed and uniformly dispersed in the running process of the machine.
Then, adding the mixture B into the mixture A and stirring until solid and liquid are not layered to obtain a wet material; and pressing and forming the wet material to obtain a blank.
In the present invention, the press-molding conditions are preferably: the pressure is preferably 10MPa to 50MPa, and the dwell time is preferably 30s to 180s, more preferably 110s to 130s.
Finally, the green body is put into a carbonizing device to be carbonized to generate the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
In the present invention, the carbonization conditions are preferably: preferably at a concentration of more than 5%, more preferably 90% CO 2 Carbonizing in atmosphere, preferably at 0.1MPa to 0.6MPa, more preferably 0.3MPa to 0.5MPa, and the carbonization time is preferably 0.5h to 24h.
The preparation method provided by the invention uniformly mixes all the raw materials to prepare wet materials, and the wet materials are preformed and molded and then are rich in CO 2 Carrying out a carbonization reaction in the environment; the powder premixing and pressing molding mode has the advantages of high controllability, capability of improving the uniform dispersion degree of the piezoelectric phase in the matrix, excellent mechanical property, high production speed and low energy consumption. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, no roasting process, mild and easily-controlled conditions and wide application prospect.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method adopts magnesium slag for carbonization and hardening to form the piezoelectric composite material substrate, and the powder premixing and pressing forming mode has the advantages of high controllable degree, high uniform dispersion degree of the piezoelectric phase in the matrix, high production speed and low energy consumption.
The magnesium slag mineral belongs to a metastable high-temperature structure, and active cations exist in the structure, so that the magnesium slag has high hydration activity, calcium silicate gel is generated after hydration, the problem of solid-liquid delamination of the magnesium slag can be obviously improved together with a rheological regulator, and calcium ions are promoted to be dissolved out so as to promote a carbonization reaction; so that a large amount of dicalcium silicate and a small amount of magnesium oxide and free calcium oxide contained in the magnesium slag can react with carbon dioxide under a proper carbonization environment to generate a compact carbonized product, the mechanical property and durability of a finished product material can be obviously improved, and in addition, the magnesium slag, the polystyrene and the SrTiO 3 The mixed and carbonized material has high mechanical strength, fast development, high matrix compactness and excellent durability, also has a certain heat preservation effect when being used as a building material, and further ensures the stability of the material structure; the conductive magnesium metal in the magnesium slag can also play a role in improving the piezoelectric performance of a finished product in the composite material, thereby being beneficial to the long-term development of the composite material; the magnesium slag is used as the main raw material, the cost is low, and the production cost can be reduced from the source.
The invention provides a magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material which is prepared from the following raw materials: 20-60 parts by weight of magnesium slag; 5-65 parts of polystyrene; 20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic; 10-25 parts of water; 0.05 to 0.5 weight portion of rheological control agent. Compared with the prior art, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material provided by the invention selects the magnesium slag as the main raw material of the composite material, is matched with other specific components with specific contents, realizes better overall interaction, has good mechanical property, piezoelectric property, volume stability and durability, and realizes high-efficiency and low-cost reutilization of the magnesium slag.
In addition, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, no roasting process, mild and easily-controlled conditions and wide application prospect.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustration. The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available, wherein the glass ceramic is SrTiO 3 The grain diameter is 45-55 mu m; the rheology modifier is chitosan.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises the following raw materials: according to the weight portion, 30 portions of magnesium slag, 35 portions of polystyrene, 25 portions of glass ceramic, 15 portions of water and 0.15 portion of rheological regulator. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm. The polystyrene particle size was 50 μm. The polystyrene comprises the following three different types which are mixed according to a certain mass ratio: 15% of general-grade polystyrene, 25% of foaming-grade polystyrene and 60% of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, then, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with polystyrene and glass ceramic in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, then, taking out the mixture A, then, mixing the mixture A with a mixture B obtained by mixing water and a rheology regulator in proportion, stirring the mixture B until no solid-liquid layering exists, obtaining a wet material, placing the wet material in a stainless steel carbonization mould, keeping the pressure for 120s at a pressure of 50MPa, performing compression molding to obtain a green body, immediately placing the prepared green body in a carbonization device, and performing CO treatment on the green body with the purity of 90% 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the technical indexes of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the embodiment are as follows: the 24h compressive strength is 46.50MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 95.20pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 72.18 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 134.33, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.41, which shows that the material has excellent mechanical property and piezoelectric property.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises the following raw materials: the material comprises, by weight, 40 parts of magnesium slag, 25 parts of polystyrene, 30 parts of glass ceramic, 20 parts of water and 0.2 part of a rheology regulator. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm. The polystyrene particle size was 50 μm. The polystyrene comprises the following two different types which are mixed according to a certain mass ratio: general-grade polystyrene 20% and impact-resistant polystyrene 80%.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with polystyrene and glass ceramic in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, taking out the mixture A, then mixing the mixture A with a mixture B mixed with water and a rheology regulator in proportion, stirring the mixture B until no solid-liquid layering exists to obtain a wet material, putting the wet material into a stainless steel carbonization mould, keeping the pressure for 120s under the pressure of 50MPa, performing compression molding to obtain a blank body, immediately putting the prepared blank body into a carbonization device, and performing CO treatment on the obtained blank body with the purity of 90% 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the technical indexes of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the embodiment are as follows: the 24h compressive strength is 50.20MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 92.30pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 70.05 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 136.00, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.35, which shows that the material has excellent mechanical property and piezoelectric property.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material comprises the following raw materials: according to parts by weight, 35 parts of magnesium slag, 20 parts of polystyrene, 35 parts of glass ceramic, 20 parts of water and 0.2 part of rheological regulator. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm. The polystyrene particle size was 50 μm. Polystyrene consists of one type of impact-resistant grade polystyrene.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, then, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with polystyrene and glass ceramic in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, then, taking out the mixture A, then, mixing the mixture A with a mixture B obtained by mixing water and a rheology regulator in proportion, stirring the mixture B until no solid-liquid layering exists, obtaining a wet material, placing the wet material in a stainless steel carbonization mould, keeping the pressure for 120s at a pressure of 50MPa, performing compression molding to obtain a green body, immediately placing the prepared green body in a carbonization device, and performing CO treatment on the green body with the purity of 90% 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the technical indexes of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the embodiment are as follows: the 24h compressive strength is 53.50MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 90.05pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 70.00 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 130.80, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.38, which shows that the material has excellent mechanical property and piezoelectric property.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example only reduces the weight fraction of the raw material magnesium slag, and the other raw materials and the preparation method are not different from the example 1.
The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material in the comparative example comprises the following raw materials: the magnesium slag modifier comprises, by weight, 5 parts of magnesium slag, 35 parts of polystyrene, 25 parts of glass ceramic, 15 parts of water and 0.15 part of a rheological regulator. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm. The polystyrene particle size was 50m. The polystyrene comprises the following three different types which are mixed according to a certain mass ratio: 15% of general-grade polystyrene, 25% of foaming-grade polystyrene and 60% of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, then, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with polystyrene and glass ceramic in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, then, taking out the mixture A, then, mixing the mixture A with a mixture B obtained by mixing water and a rheological regulator in proportion, stirring the mixture B until no solid-liquid layering exists to obtain a wet material, placing the wet material in a stainless steel carbonization mould, keeping the pressure for 120s at a pressure of 50MPa, performing compression molding to obtain a green body, immediately placing the prepared green body in a carbonization device, and keeping the purity of 90%CO of (2) 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the comparative example has the following technical indexes: the 24h compressive strength is 21.05MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 58.50pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 42.00 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 58.50, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.49.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, the comparative example has no raw material glass ceramic, and other raw materials and preparation methods are not different from example 1.
The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material in the comparative example comprises the following raw materials: according to the weight portion, 30 portions of magnesium slag, 35 portions of polystyrene, 15 portions of water and 0.15 portion of rheological regulator. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm. The polystyrene particle size was 50 μm. The polystyrene comprises the following three different types which are mixed according to a certain mass ratio: 15% of general-grade polystyrene, 25% of foaming-grade polystyrene and 60% of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with polystyrene in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, taking out the mixture A, then mixing the mixture A with a mixture B mixed with water and a rheology regulator in proportion, stirring until no solid-liquid layering exists, obtaining a wet material, putting the wet material in a stainless steel carbonization die at a pressure of 50MPa for 120s, performing compression molding to obtain a blank body, immediately putting the prepared blank body in a carbonization device, and adding CO with the purity of 90% 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the comparative example has the following technical indexes: the 24h compressive strength is 25.00MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 62.00pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 42.50 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 48.50, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.65.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 1, the comparative example has no addition of raw material, namely the polypropylene ethylene, and the other raw materials and the preparation method have no difference from example 1.
The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material in the comparative example comprises the following raw materials: 30 parts of magnesium slag, 25 parts of glass ceramic, 15 parts of water and 0.15 part of rheological regulator. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with glass ceramic in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, taking out the mixture A, then mixing the mixture A with a mixture B mixed with water and a rheological regulator in proportion, stirring the mixture B until no solid-liquid layering exists to obtain a wet material, putting the wet material into a stainless steel carbonization mould to be pressed and molded to obtain a blank, immediately putting the prepared blank into a carbonization device, and putting CO with the purity of 90% into a carbonization device 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the technical indexes of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the comparative example are as follows: the 24h compressive strength is 32.00MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 65.80pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 58.50 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 105.00, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.75.
Comparative example 4
Compared with example 1, the comparative example has no raw material rheology regulator added, and other raw materials and preparation method are not different from example 1.
The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material in the comparative example comprises the following raw materials: according to parts by weight, 30 parts of magnesium slag, 35 parts of polystyrene, 25 parts of glass ceramic and 15 parts of water. The particle size of the magnesium slag is 30 μm. The polystyrene particle size was 50 μm. The polystyrene comprises the following three different types which are mixed according to a certain mass ratio: 15% of general-grade polystyrene, 25% of foaming-grade polystyrene and 60% of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing magnesium slag, fully mixing the crushed magnesium slag with polystyrene and glass ceramic in an enamel ball mill with a filling rate of 45% at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 1h, taking out the mixture A, then mixing the mixture A with water, stirring the mixture until no solid-liquid layering exists to obtain a wet material, putting the wet material into a stainless steel carbonization mould to be pressed and molded to obtain a blank body, and immediately putting the prepared blank body into a carbonization deviceMedium purity of 90% CO 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.4MPa, and the carbonizing time is 24h, so as to obtain the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
Tests prove that the technical indexes of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared by the comparative example are as follows: the 24h compressive strength is 42.20MPa, the piezoelectric strain constant d33 is 69.00pC/N, the piezoelectric voltage constant g33 is 55.50 (mv) m/N, the relative dielectric constant E33 is 108.50, and the dielectric loss tan delta is 0.45.
The mechanical properties and piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties and piezoelectric Properties of piezoelectric composites prepared in inventive examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The mechanical properties and piezoelectric properties of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite materials prepared in the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 are obviously better than those of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite materials prepared in the comparative example 1, and it can be known that the reduction of the magnesium slag parts can reduce the contents of dicalcium silicate, magnesium oxide, free calcium oxide and conductive magnesium metal in the piezoelectric composite materials, the carbonization reaction is insufficient, the yield of compact carbides is reduced, and the mechanical properties and piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric composite materials are greatly reduced. The mechanical property and the piezoelectric property of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared in the embodiment 1 are obviously superior to those of the comparative example 2, and the glass ceramic has the characteristics of high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, good thermal stability and the like. When the addition of the glass ceramic is removed, the volume stability of the piezoelectric composite material is insufficient, the dielectric loss is increased, and the piezoelectric performance is reduced. Meanwhile, the mechanical property and the piezoelectric property of the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material prepared in the embodiment 1 are obviously superior to those of the comparative examples 3 and 4, and the control of the addition of the polystyrene and the rheological regulator according to the weight fraction also plays an important role in influencing the key performance index of the piezoelectric composite material. The polystyrene has good dimensional stability and low shrinkage rate, and can ensure the volume stability of the composite material. As an amorphous polymer, the polystyrene can also be used together with a rheology modifier to remarkably improve the solid-liquid delamination problem of the magnesium slag. Therefore, the removal of polystyrene or the addition of rheological regulator can lead to insufficient combination of magnesium slag and other materials and uneven mixing, thus causing the mechanical property of the piezoelectric composite material to be reduced due to uneven stress inside the piezoelectric composite material. Meanwhile, the piezoelectric performance is greatly reduced due to the uneven distribution of the material.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials:
20-60 parts by weight of magnesium slag;
5-65 parts of polystyrene;
20 to 55 parts by weight of glass ceramic;
10-25 parts of water;
0.05 to 0.5 weight portion of rheological control agent.
2. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the magnesium slag is 5 to 65 μm.
3. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material according to claim 1, wherein the polystyrene is selected from one or more of general-purpose polystyrene, expanded polystyrene and impact-resistant polystyrene; the particle size of the polystyrene is 10-100 mu m.
4. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material of claim 3, wherein the polystyrene consists of 10-55 wt% general-purpose polystyrene, 15-50 wt% foamed polystyrene, and 55-90 wt% impact-resistant polystyrene,
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 10 to 45 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 55 to 90 weight percent of impact-resistant polystyrene,
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 15 to 50 weight percent of foaming-grade polystyrene and 50 to 85 weight percent of impact-resistant-grade polystyrene,
or the like, or, alternatively,
consists of 50 to 80 weight percent of general-purpose polystyrene and 20 to 50 weight percent of foaming-grade polystyrene;
or the like, or, alternatively,
is impact-resistant polystyrene.
5. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material according to claim 1, wherein the glass ceramic is SrTiO 3 The grain diameter is 3-70 μm.
6. The magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material according to claim 1, wherein the rheology modifier is selected from one or more of chitosan, chitin and chitin.
7. A method for preparing the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) Uniformly mixing magnesium slag, polystyrene and glass ceramic to obtain a mixture A; uniformly mixing the rheological control agent and water to obtain a mixture B;
b) Adding the mixture B into the mixture A and stirring until solid and liquid are not layered to obtain a wet material;
c) Pressing and molding the wet material to obtain a blank;
d) And putting the blank into a carbonizing device for carbonizing to generate the magnesium slag piezoelectric composite material.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the condition for uniform mixing in step a) can further use a ball mill: the lining plate material of the ball mill comprises but not limited to chromium cast iron, medium chromium alloy steel and multi-element low alloy diamond, the grinding ball material comprises but not limited to cast steel balls, high chromium cast iron and ceramics, the filling rate is 40% -50%, the rotating speed of the ball mill cylinder is 18 r/min-20 r/min, and the grinding and mixing time is 0.5-3 h for dry grinding.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the press-forming conditions in step c) are: the pressure intensity is 10MPa to 50MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30s to 180s.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the carbonization in step d) is performed under the following conditions: at a concentration of CO greater than 5% 2 Carbonizing in the atmosphere, wherein the carbonizing pressure is 0.1-0.6 MPa, and the carbonizing time is 0.5-24 h.
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| CN101045618A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-03 | 肖力光 | Small hollow building blocks made by magnesium waste slag and production method |
| CN106206928A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of piezoelectricity function porous electrode composite and preparation method |
| CN110436834A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 广州大学 | A kind of piezo-electricity composite material and piezoelectric patches prepared therefrom |
| CN115028394A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Magnesium slag 3D printing material and preparation and application thereof |
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| CN101045618A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-03 | 肖力光 | Small hollow building blocks made by magnesium waste slag and production method |
| CN106206928A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of piezoelectricity function porous electrode composite and preparation method |
| CN110436834A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 广州大学 | A kind of piezo-electricity composite material and piezoelectric patches prepared therefrom |
| CN115028394A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Magnesium slag 3D printing material and preparation and application thereof |
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