CN115971342B - Superplastic stretching integrated forming die for complex aluminum alloy plate - Google Patents
Superplastic stretching integrated forming die for complex aluminum alloy plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115971342B CN115971342B CN202211609055.3A CN202211609055A CN115971342B CN 115971342 B CN115971342 B CN 115971342B CN 202211609055 A CN202211609055 A CN 202211609055A CN 115971342 B CN115971342 B CN 115971342B
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy superplastic stretching and stamping application, and particularly relates to a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die. The application provides a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic drawing integrated forming die, which comprises an upper die, a lower die, a blank holder mechanism and a drawing flanging punching mechanism, wherein the blank holder mechanism and the drawing flanging punching mechanism are arranged on the upper die and the lower die.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy superplastic stretching and stamping application, and particularly relates to a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die.
Background
The aluminum alloy plate is an aluminum profile which is formed by taking aluminum as a main raw material and adding metals such as copper, magnesium, zinc and the like. Compared with the traditional aluminum plate, the aluminum alloy plate has the characteristics of light weight, but the mechanical property is obviously improved. This also makes the use of aluminum alloy sheet more and more widespread.
In the field of traffic equipment, the application of the current aluminum alloy plate is effectively promoted, all-aluminum car bodies become the choice of most car brands, and the current high-speed railway car bodies in China are basically all aluminum alloy plates. With the comprehensive application of aluminum alloy, the stamping production line technology is also continuously mature and perfect.
Because the wind resistance is required to be considered in the design of the traffic equipment, the aluminum alloy plate is generally molded in a complex shape (multiple arc surfaces), and the aluminum alloy plate with the complex shape is generally molded by heating a die, when the aluminum alloy plate is molded, an upper die and a lower die are slowly folded, blanks can move together, folds are formed at positions with larger curvature changes, and poor part molding is caused; in addition, when the aluminium alloy plate of traffic facilities is manufactured, because the characteristic of traffic facilities generally sets up some window holes, to this end just needs the turn-ups and punches a hole, and the inside hole-digging of aluminium alloy plate generally can adopt two processes, carries out turn-ups shaping process and punching a hole respectively, needs to throw into two sets of moulds and makes, causes material and time cost to increase, consequently the aluminium alloy plate can be fixed to the novel frock mould of necessarily designing, is the extension of drawing state and can once accomplish turn-ups shaping and two processes of punching a hole.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of the aluminum alloy plate with the prior complex shape in the forming process, the application provides the complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die which has reasonable design, simple structure and convenient processing, can effectively fix the aluminum alloy plate and realize two working procedures of forming and punching at one time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the technical scheme that the application provides a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die, which comprises an upper die, a lower die, a blank holder mechanism and a stretching flanging punching mechanism, wherein the blank holder mechanism and the stretching flanging punching mechanism are arranged on the upper die and the lower die, and the blank holder mechanism comprises:
the edge pressing mechanism comprises an edge pressing groove arranged on the lower die and a pressing plate arranged on the upper die and matched with the edge pressing groove, and the edge pressing groove is arranged along the periphery of the formed aluminum alloy plate;
the stretching flanging punching mechanism comprises a punching flanging hole arranged on a lower die and a punching block arranged on an upper die and matched with the punching flanging hole, wherein the punching flanging hole is arranged in a stepped hole shape, a flanging groove is formed in a stepped part of the punching flanging hole, the punching block is arranged on the upper die in a sliding manner, a leveling mechanism for leveling the punching flanging hole is arranged on the lower die, and the punching flanging hole is in an open hole state and a closed hole state under the action of the leveling mechanism.
Preferably, the leveling mechanism comprises a leveling plate and a stepped ring arranged on the periphery of the leveling plate, the flanging groove is formed in the top of the stepped ring, a lifting column is arranged at the bottom of the leveling plate, the lifting column is arranged at the corner of the leveling plate, a stepped adjusting column is arranged at the bottom of the stepped ring, the axis of the stepped adjusting column is positioned on an extension line of a connecting line between the central point of the leveling plate and the center of the cross section of the lifting column, lifting wheels are arranged at the bottoms of the lifting column and the stepped adjusting column, the lifting wheels are rotatably arranged at the bottoms of the lifting column/the stepped adjusting column, a guide column is arranged at the central point of the leveling plate, a driving round table is sleeved outside the guide column, a driving rod is arranged at the periphery of the driving round table, the driving rod is in contact with the driving round table, the central point of the driving rod and the center of the lifting rod are arranged in parallel, one end, far away from the driving round table, of the driving rod is provided with a driving block, an adjusting inclined plane used for adjusting the lifting column and the center of the lifting column, the lifting column is arranged at the bottom of the driving rod, a reset plate is fixedly connected with a driving round table, a reset plate is fixedly arranged at the reset plate and is fixedly connected with the reset plate, and is fixedly provided with the reset plate.
Preferably, the reset mechanism comprises a reset rod arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed plate, the reset rod and the driving rod are arranged with the fixed plate as central symmetry, the reset round table is arranged below the driving round table, the reset rod is in contact with the reset round table, one end of the reset round table, far away from the reset round table, is hinged with an operating rod, one end of the operating rod, far away from the reset rod, is hinged with the driving block, the operating rod is hinged with the fixed plate, the reset rod is arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed plate in a sliding manner, and the conical surfaces of the reset round table and the driving round table are oppositely arranged.
Preferably, the lifting column and the step adjusting column are sleeved with linear bearings, a bearing seat is arranged outside the linear bearings, the bearing seat fixes the linear bearings on the lifting column and the step adjusting column together, a fixing frame is arranged on the side wall of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixed on the fixing plate through the fixing frame.
Preferably, a driving wheel is arranged on one side of the driving rod, which is close to the driving round table, and is rotatably arranged on the driving rod, and the driving rod is in contact with the driving round table through the driving wheel.
Preferably, a reset wheel is arranged on one side of the reset rod, which is close to the reset round table, the reset wheel is rotatably arranged on the reset rod, and the reset rod is in contact with the reset round table through the reset wheel.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages and positive effects that,
the application provides a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die, which is characterized in that a blank holder is additionally arranged on an upper die and a lower die, so that an aluminum alloy plate is fixed in the forming process, the problem of wrinkles is solved, and meanwhile, the forming die provided by the application can complete two working procedures of forming, stretching and punching at one time by matching the stretching flanging punching mechanism with the setting of a leveling mechanism, thereby reducing the production cost and improving the working efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated mold provided in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic drawing integrated mold provided in example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stretch flanging and punching mechanism provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of another angle of the stretch flanging punching mechanism provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the stretch flanging and punching mechanism provided in embodiment 1 at other angles;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving round table and the reset round table provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 7 is a front view of the driving round table and the reset round table provided in embodiment 1;
in the above figures, 1, upper die; 11. stamping blocks; 2. a lower die; 21. edge pressing grooves; 22. punching a flanging hole; 3. a leveling mechanism; 31. repairing the flat plate; 311. lifting columns; 312. a guide post; 32. a step ring; 321. a step adjustment column; 322. a flanging groove; 33. a lifting wheel; 34. a drive column; 341. driving the round table; 342. resetting the round table; 343. a horizontal column; 35. a driving rod; 351. a driving wheel; 352. a driving block; 353. adjusting the inclined plane; 36. a fixing plate; 37. a lifting oil cylinder; 38. a reset lever; 381. a reset wheel; 382. an operation lever; 39. a bearing seat; 392. and a fixing frame.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be more clearly understood, a further description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment aims to provide an aluminum alloy plate that needs punching for multiple cambered surfaces to realize one-time molding, and avoid the existence of wrinkles at the same time, for this reason, the present embodiment provides a complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated molding die, which comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein the die shape is composed of steel plates, and the steel plates are integrally processed according to the designed cambered surfaces, which belongs to the prior art. The above structure is an existing common structure, and for this reason, in the present embodiment, detailed description is omitted.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present embodiment, there are further included a beading mechanism and a stretch flanging punching mechanism provided on the upper die 1 and the lower die 2, wherein: the edge pressing mechanism comprises an edge pressing groove 21 arranged on the lower die 2 and a pressing plate arranged on the upper die 1 and matched with the edge pressing groove 21, and the edge pressing groove 21 is arranged along the periphery of the formed aluminum alloy plate. Thus, the aluminum alloy plate is ensured to be in a sliding drawing state when the upper die 2 and the lower die 2 are matched with each other by the fixed plate 36 under the cooperation of the pressing plate and the blank holder 21. Thereby avoiding the occurrence of wrinkles.
In order to achieve stretching, flanging and punching, in this embodiment, the stretching flanging and punching mechanism includes a punching flanging hole 22 formed on the lower die 2 and a punching block 11 arranged on the upper die 1 and matched with the punching flanging hole 22, the punching flanging hole 22 is in a stepped hole shape, a flanging groove 322 is formed in a stepped portion of the punching flanging hole 22, specifically, a hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the upper die 1, sliding blocks are arranged on two sides of the punching block 11, rails are arranged on rib plates of the upper die 1, up-and-down sliding of the punching block 11 is achieved, and punching is achieved.
Considering that the effect of forming is affected if the punch-flanging hole 22 exists during forming, which is a problem of two sets of dies for flanging and punching, in order to fill up the punch-flanging hole 22, in this embodiment, a fill-up mechanism 3 for filling up the punch-flanging hole 22 is provided on the lower die 2, and the punch-flanging hole 22 is brought into an open-cell state and a closed-cell state by the fill-up mechanism 3.
The leveling mechanism 3 is simply implemented by pushing a plate by using an oil cylinder, and in a traffic device, the punched hole of such a complex aluminum alloy plate is generally the position of a window, thus, the punched flanging hole 22 is formed in a step shape, and the step-shaped leveling requires at least two sets of oil cylinders, thus, not only the structure is complex and the strength inside the lower die 2 is affected, but also the internal strength of the lower die 2 and other structures (a heating mechanism and a cooling mechanism) are not affected, and therefore, in order to not affect the internal strength of the lower die 2, the leveling mechanism 3 provided in this embodiment comprises a leveling plate 31 and a step ring 32 arranged at the periphery of the leveling plate 31, the step ring 32 is used for realizing steps, and simultaneously, the flanging groove 322 is also arranged at the top surface of the step ring 32, since the punching flanging hole 22 needs to be flattened and the hole pattern needed by punching is formed, the stepped ring 32 and the trimming plate 31 need to be lifted, and for this reason, in this embodiment, lifting columns 311 are provided at the bottom of the trimming plate 31, the lifting columns 311 are provided at corners of the trimming plate 31, in this embodiment, four lifting columns 311 are provided in total to ensure lifting stability, and a stepped adjusting column 321 is provided at the bottom of the stepped ring 32, so as to realize simultaneous lifting of the trimming plate 31 and the stepped ring 32, in this embodiment, the axis of the stepped adjusting column 321 is located on an extension line of a connection line between the center point of the trimming plate 31 and the center point of the section of the lifting rod, and of course, the center point of the section of the lifting rod and the center point of the trimming plate 31 are located on the same horizontal plane.
Meanwhile, lifting wheels 33 are arranged at the bottoms of the lifting columns 311 and the step adjusting columns 321, the lifting wheels 33 are rotatably arranged at the bottoms of the lifting columns 311 and the step adjusting columns 321, the direction of the lifting wheels 33 is set towards the center point of the patch plate 31, and the lifting wheels 33 are mainly set in consideration of the fact that the lifting height of the patch plate 31 is far greater than that of the step ring 32, so that the distance required to move the lifting columns 311 is higher, and the lifting wheels 33 are set to reduce lifting difficulty.
In order to stabilize the lifting, in this embodiment, a guide post 312 is disposed at the center point of the patch plate 31, a driving post 34 is sleeved on the guide post 312, a driving round table 341 is disposed on the driving post 34, a driving rod 35 is disposed on the periphery of the driving round table 341, the driving rod 35 is disposed in contact with the driving round table 341, and the vertical section of the round table is generally trapezoidal, so that the driving rod 35 moves in a direction away from the driving round table 341 during the lifting of the driving round table 341.
In order to enable the driving rod 35 to achieve the purpose of lifting the lifting column 311 and the step adjusting column 321, in this embodiment, the center point of the driving rod 35 and the patch panel 31 is arranged in parallel to the center line of the section circle of the lifting rod, so that the direction of the driving rod 35 is consistent with that of the driving wheel 351, for this purpose, a driving block 352 is arranged at one end of the driving rod 35 far away from the driving round table 341, an adjusting inclined plane 353 for adjusting the lifting column 311 and the step adjusting column 321 is arranged on the driving block 352, and the adjusting inclined plane 353 is in a step shape as a whole, but the height between steps is different because the lifting height of the lifting column 311 is higher than that of the step adjusting column 321. In the present embodiment, the end near the driving lever 35 is the highest point.
In order to stabilize the movement of the driving rod 35, in the present embodiment, a fixing plate 36 is provided at the bottom of the driving rod 35, the fixing plate 36 is fixed to the lower die 2, a slider is provided at the bottom of the driving rod 35, and a rail is provided on the fixing plate 36, so that the driving rod 35 can slide.
In order to realize the driving of the driving column 34, in this embodiment, a lifting cylinder 37 is further fixed on the lower die 2, a driving round table 341 is connected to the power end of the lifting cylinder 37, a through hole for driving the round table 341 to pass through is provided on the fixing plate 36, so that the driving rod 35 can be moved outwards, and considering that the punching flanging hole 22 is to realize the open hole and closed hole state, a reset mechanism for resetting the driving rod 35 is further provided on the fixing plate 36. In the present embodiment, the lift cylinder 37 uses a hydraulic jack. The purpose of using the hydraulic jack is to make its height small but its effort strong, in the process of mending, can satisfy the support to mending flat board 31.
The reset mechanism may be a spring, but considering frequent operation of the spring, in this embodiment, a reset mechanism is also specifically provided, and specifically, the reset mechanism includes a reset lever 38 disposed on a bottom surface of the fixed plate 36, the reset lever 38 and the driving lever 35 are symmetrically disposed with the fixed plate 36 as a center, a reset round table 342 is disposed below the driving round table 341, the reset lever 38 is disposed in contact with the reset round table 342, an operation lever 382 is hinged to an end of the reset lever 38 away from the reset round table 342, an end of the operation lever 382 away from the reset lever 38 is hinged to the driving block 352, the operation lever 382 is hinged to the fixed plate 36, the reset lever 38 is slidably disposed on the bottom surface of the fixed plate 36, and conical surfaces of the reset round table 342 and the driving round table 341 are oppositely disposed. Thus, when the driving column 34 rises, the driving round table 341 makes the driving rod 35 move outwards, and the reset round table 342 is supported by the reset rod 38 at this time, because the operating rod 382 is similar to a lever structure, in order to drive the reset rod 38 to move inwards, and further maintain the structure of the reset round table 342, at this time, the filling of the punching flanging hole 22 by the filling plate 31 and the stepped ring 32 is completed, when the punching is required, the driving column 34 moves downwards, at this time, the reset round table 342 drives the reset rod 38 to move outwards, and under the action of the operating rod 382, the driving rod 35 moves inwards, so that the contact state with the driving round table 341 is maintained.
In order to ensure the stability of lifting, in this embodiment, the lifting post 311 and the step adjusting post 321 are both optical axes, the lifting post 311 and the step adjusting post 321 are sleeved with linear bearings, a bearing seat 39 is arranged outside the linear bearings, the bearing seat 39 fixes the linear bearings on the lifting post 311 and the step adjusting post 321 together, a fixing frame 392 is arranged on the side wall of the bearing seat 39, and the bearing seat 39 is fixed on the fixing plate 36 through the fixing frame 392. Thus, the linear bearing plays a role in guiding and realizes lifting stability.
In order to control the driving rod 35 to lift conveniently, in this embodiment, a driving wheel 351 is disposed on a side of the driving rod 35 close to the driving round table 341, the driving wheel 351 is rotatably disposed on the driving rod 35, and the driving rod 35 is disposed in contact with the driving round table 341 through the driving wheel 351. Meanwhile, a reset wheel 381 is arranged on one side of the reset lever 38 close to the reset round table 342, the reset wheel 381 is rotatably arranged on the reset lever 38, and the reset lever 38 is in contact with the reset round table 342 through the reset wheel 381. Due to the arrangement of the driving wheel 351 and the reset wheel 381, in order to make the driving column 34 stable for supporting the driving column, a horizontal column 343 is arranged between the driving round table 341 and the reset round table 342, and the diameter of the horizontal column 343 is consistent with the diameter of the bottom surface of the driving round table 341 and the top surface of the reset round table 342, so that the supporting is more stable.
Through the arrangement, lifting work of the patch plate 31 and the step ring 32 can be completed only by using one lifting oil cylinder 37, so that stability of the structure of the lower die 2 is ensured, and forming and stamping work can be completed by one die.
When the automatic flanging die is specifically operated, the stamping flanging hole 22 is filled by the trimming mechanism 3, at the moment, the upper stamping block 11 is in a trimming state under the action of the oil cylinder of the stamping block, so that in the process of closing the upper die 1 and the lower die 2, the aluminum alloy plate cannot enter into a stepped hole formed by the stamping block 11 and the upper die 1 due to the arrangement of the trimming mechanism, after forming, the trimming mechanism 3 acts to realize the punching state of the stamping flanging hole 22, and then the stamping block 11 completes the stamping action to obtain the stamping-formed aluminum alloy plate with the flanging hole.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present application without departing from the technical content of the present application still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a tensile integrated into one piece mould of complicated aluminium alloy plate superplastic, includes mould and lower mould, its characterized in that still includes blank holder mechanism and tensile turn-ups punching mechanism that sets up on last mould and lower mould, wherein:
the edge pressing mechanism comprises an edge pressing groove arranged on the lower die and a pressing plate arranged on the upper die and matched with the edge pressing groove, and the edge pressing groove is arranged along the periphery of the formed aluminum alloy plate;
the stretching flanging punching mechanism comprises a punching flanging hole arranged on a lower die and a punching block arranged on an upper die and matched with the punching flanging hole, wherein the punching flanging hole is arranged in a stepped hole shape, a flanging groove is arranged at the stepped part of the punching flanging hole, the punching block is arranged on the upper die in a sliding manner, a leveling mechanism for leveling the punching flanging hole is arranged on the lower die, the punching flanging hole is in an open hole state and a closed hole state under the action of the leveling mechanism, the leveling mechanism comprises a leveling plate and a stepped ring arranged on the periphery of the leveling plate, the flanging groove is arranged at the top of the stepped ring, a lifting column is arranged at the bottom of the leveling plate, the lifting column is arranged at the corner of the leveling plate, a step adjusting column is arranged at the bottom of the stepped ring, the axis of the step adjusting column is positioned on an extension line of a connecting line of the center point of the leveling plate and the center of the section circle center of the lifting column, the bottom of the lifting column and the bottom of the step adjusting column are respectively provided with a lifting wheel, the lifting wheels are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the lifting column/the step adjusting column, a guide column is arranged at the center point of the compensating plate, a driving round table is sleeved outside the guide column, a driving rod is arranged at the periphery of the driving round table and is in contact with the driving round table, the center point of the driving rod and the compensating plate are arranged in parallel with the circle center connecting line of the cross section of the lifting column, one end of the driving rod, far away from the driving round table, is provided with a driving block, an adjusting inclined plane for adjusting the lifting column and the step adjusting column is arranged on the driving block, a fixing plate is arranged at the bottom of the driving rod and is fixed on a lower die, a lifting cylinder is also fixed on the lower die, the power end of the lifting cylinder is connected with the driving round table, the fixed plate is provided with a through hole for driving the round platform to pass through, the driving rod is arranged on the fixed plate in a sliding manner, and the fixed plate is also provided with a reset mechanism for resetting the driving rod.
2. The complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die according to claim 1, wherein the reset mechanism comprises a reset rod arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed plate, the reset rod and the driving rod are symmetrically arranged with the fixed plate as the center, a reset round table is arranged below the driving round table, the reset rod is in contact with the reset round table, one end, far away from the reset round table, of the reset rod is hinged with an operating rod, one end, far away from the reset rod, of the operating rod is hinged with the driving block, the operating rod is hinged with the fixed plate, the reset rod is slidably arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed plate, and conical surfaces of the reset round table and the driving round table are oppositely arranged.
3. The complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die according to claim 2, wherein the lifting column and the step adjusting column are sleeved with linear bearings, a bearing seat is arranged outside the linear bearings, the bearing seat fixes the linear bearings on the lifting column and the step adjusting column together, a fixing frame is arranged on the side wall of the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixed on a fixing plate through the fixing frame.
4. The complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die according to claim 3, wherein a driving wheel is arranged on one side of the driving rod, which is close to the driving round table, and is rotatably arranged on the driving rod, and the driving rod is in contact with the driving round table through the driving wheel.
5. The complex aluminum alloy plate superplastic stretching integrated forming die according to claim 4, wherein a reset wheel is arranged on one side of the reset rod close to the reset round table, the reset wheel is rotatably arranged on the reset rod, and the reset rod is in contact with the reset round table through the reset wheel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211609055.3A CN115971342B (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Superplastic stretching integrated forming die for complex aluminum alloy plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211609055.3A CN115971342B (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Superplastic stretching integrated forming die for complex aluminum alloy plate |
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| CN115971342A CN115971342A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
| CN115971342B true CN115971342B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211609055.3A Active CN115971342B (en) | 2022-12-14 | 2022-12-14 | Superplastic stretching integrated forming die for complex aluminum alloy plate |
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| CN115971342A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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