CN115970016A - Continuous sterilization method for non-overheating water tank - Google Patents
Continuous sterilization method for non-overheating water tank Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biological fermentation and equipment sterilization, and particularly discloses a continuous sterilization method for a non-overheating water tank. The water in the continuous sterilizing system is controlled to circulate through the circulating pump, the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is controlled to be constant by the pressure stabilizing pump and is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the water at the water sterilizing temperature, the pressure in the water sterilizing process can be guaranteed to be stable, the circulating pump is prevented from generating cavitation, and the water sterilizing process can be guaranteed to reach the water sterilizing temperature so as to guarantee the sterilizing effect. In the circulation process, the heater heats the water to the water-consuming temperature for water-consuming. The method cancels the superheated water tank and the attached instruments and meters, saves the investment cost and reduces the safety risk caused by the leakage of the superheated water. In addition, in the circulating process, because the heated water amount is reduced, part of high-temperature steam is saved, and energy conservation and water conservation are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation and equipment sterilization, and particularly relates to a continuous sterilization method of a non-overheating water tank.
Background
In the biological fermentation industry, more and more enterprises choose to use a continuous sterilization mode to sterilize a culture medium (material), the sterilization of the culture medium and a continuous sterilization system is a very critical step in the fermentation process, and if the sterilization of the culture medium and the continuous sterilization system is not thorough, the culture medium can be infected in the fermentation process, so that the quality of a fermentation product is influenced, and serious economic loss is caused to the enterprises.
At present, a continuous sterilization system has two self-equipment sterilization processes, namely a steam sterilization process (steam sterilization) and a water sterilization process (superheated water sterilization). Superheated water is water that reaches boiling point (100 ℃) but does not boil, and can be realized in a pressurizing way. The water sterilization process adopts a superheated water tank mode to improve system pressure, and utilizes superheated water to sterilize, but the superheated water tank in the process is a pressure container, so that the equipment manufacturing requirement is high, and in order to ensure the safety of a superheated water tank body, instruments for detecting temperature, pressure and liquid level and corresponding control valves need to be installed on the superheated water tank, so that the manufacturing cost is high. In addition, after the continuous sterilization system is sterilized, when a culture medium is sterilized, the pressure in the feeding pipeline can generate large fluctuation at the moment of valve switching, and at the moment, superheated water is vaporized, so that the superheated water enters the pump in a saturated steam mode, cavitation of the pump is caused, the pump is damaged, and even personnel injury is caused. In addition, in the water-consuming process, the water in the superheated water tank needs to be completely heated, so that the heat consumption is large.
Aiming at the problems in the existing continuous disinfection process, a continuous sterilization method which does not adopt a superheated water tank and can ensure the constant pressure of a continuous disinfection system is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing continuous sterilization process, the invention provides a continuous sterilization method without an overheating water tank. The circulating pump is used for controlling water in the continuous fire extinguishing system to form circulation, the pressure stabilizing pump is used for controlling the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump to be constant and to be greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water extinguishing temperature, so that the pressure stability in the water extinguishing process can be ensured, and the circulating pump is prevented from generating cavitation. In the circulation process, the heater heats the water to the water-eliminating temperature for water elimination. The method omits the superheated water tank and the attached instruments and meters, saves the investment cost and reduces the safety risk caused by superheated water leakage. In addition, in the circulating process, because the heated water amount is reduced, part of high-temperature steam is saved, and energy conservation and water conservation are realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a continuous sterilization method of a non-superheated water tank, comprising the steps of:
and (3) water filling step: conveying water in the clean water tank to a continuous sterilizing system, and finally refluxing the water to the clean water tank to form a closed cycle, wherein the continuous sterilizing system comprises a cold side channel of a preheating heat exchanger, a heater, a maintainer and a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and after the continuous sterilizing system is filled with water, a valve between the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger and the clean water tank is closed;
and (3) water elimination circulation step: opening a water elimination circulation valve, controlling water in the continuous elimination system to form circulation through a circulation pump, controlling the pressure at an inlet of the circulation pump to be constant by using a pressure stabilizing pump, wherein the pressure is larger than the saturated vapor pressure of the water at the water elimination temperature, the water elimination temperature is 121-140 ℃, and in the circulation process, heating the water to the water elimination temperature by using the heater to sterilize the continuous elimination system;
and (3) sterilizing the culture medium: conveying the culture medium into the continuous sterilization system for heating sterilization, and then conveying the sterilized culture medium into a sterilized fermentation tank;
and (3) water material ejection: and ejecting the culture medium in the continuous sterilizing system and the pipeline to the sterilized fermentation tank by using the water in the clean water tank, wherein the step is also the constant volume process of the sterilized fermentation tank.
Table of relationship between temperature and saturated vapor pressure and gauge pressure of water
Compared with the prior art, the continuous sterilization method has at least the following beneficial effects:
in the continuous sterilization method provided by the invention, in the water elimination circulation step, the water in the continuous elimination system is controlled to form circulation through the circulating pump, and the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is controlled to be constant by the pressure stabilizing pump and is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the water at the water elimination temperature, so that the pressure stability in the water elimination process is ensured, and the circulating pump is prevented from generating cavitation. The method omits the superheated water tank and the attached instruments and meters, saves the investment cost and reduces the safety risk caused by superheated water leakage. In addition, in the water-consuming cycle process, because the amount of heated water is reduced, part of high-temperature steam is saved, energy conservation and water conservation are realized, and good economic benefits are brought to enterprises.
In one embodiment, in the water circulation step, after passing through the outlet of the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, water is conveyed to the second pipeline through the first pipeline and reenters the continuous elimination system to form a water circulation loop. The second pipeline is a part of the pipeline in the continuous sterilization system, the first pipeline, the second pipeline, main components (a preheating heat exchanger, a heater and a maintainer) of the continuous sterilization system and connecting pipelines among the components form a water circulation loop, and the circulating pump is arranged in the water circulation loop and controls superheated water in the water circulation loop to carry out circulating sterilization, wherein the superheated water refers to water which reaches the water sterilization temperature and still keeps a liquid state. In the circulation process, a superheated water tank is omitted, only water in the water circulation loop needs to be heated, the amount of the heated water is greatly reduced, the heat consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, part of high-temperature steam is saved, and heat energy is saved.
In one embodiment, in the water-eliminating circulation step, after the water-eliminating circulation valve is opened, water is conveyed to the cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger to be preheated under the action of the circulation pump, then the preheated water is conveyed to the heater to be heated to the water-eliminating temperature, the water enters the hot-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger through the maintainer to exchange heat with the water in the cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, the water after heat exchange enters the joint of the first pipeline and the second pipeline through the first pipeline and then is conveyed to the second pipeline to circulate until the water temperature in the whole water circulation loop reaches the water-eliminating temperature, and water-eliminating circulation is continued for 5-30 min.
In one embodiment, in the water-eliminating circulation step, the water in the clean water tank is dynamically supplemented into the water circulation loop through the pressure stabilizing pump.
In the continuous sterilization process, a plurality of drainage pipelines are arranged, and when the production stop time of the equipment is long, the water in the equipment needs to be emptied through the drainage pipelines. In the water elimination process, when the pipeline is sterilized, in order to achieve a good sterilization effect, a valve on a drainage pipeline needs to be opened and closed for multiple times to ensure that superheated water is filled in the pipeline, part of water is drained out of the pipeline in the period, the pressure in a water circulation loop fluctuates, the pressure stabilizing pump needs to be utilized to dynamically supplement the water in the clean water tank into the water circulation loop, the pressure is ensured to be constant, and the phenomenon that the superheated water in the water circulation loop is vaporized to cause cavitation to a circulating pump is avoided.
In one embodiment, the pressure stabilizing pump is a variable frequency pump, and the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is controlled to be constant through frequency change; the pressure stabilizing pump can also be a power frequency pump, and the pressure output by the power frequency pump is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-quenching temperature.
In the conventional continuous sterilization process, when the continuous sterilization system is sterilized, a pressure container, i.e. a superheated water tank, is usually used for water sterilization. In the embodiment of the application, the superheated water tank is omitted, and the pressure stabilizing pump is adopted to increase the pressure of the water circulation loop, so that on one hand, the superheated water tank and the auxiliary instruments and meters thereof are omitted, the investment cost is saved, and the safety risk caused by superheated water leakage is reduced; on the other hand, after the continuous sterilization system is sterilized, when the culture medium is sterilized, the pressure in the feeding pipeline can generate large fluctuation at the moment of valve switching, superheated water vaporization occurs, the superheated water enters the pump in a saturated steam mode, cavitation of the pump is caused, the pump is damaged, and even personnel injury is caused. The pressure stabilizing pump in the embodiment of the application can be a variable frequency pump, the variable frequency pump is linked with a pressure gauge at the inlet of the circulating pump, and the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is controlled to be constant through frequency change, so that the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is ensured to be greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-eliminating temperature; the pressure stabilizing pump can also be a power frequency pump, a flow regulating valve is arranged between the pressure stabilizing pump and a pressure gauge at the inlet of the circulating pump, the flow regulating valve is interlocked with the pressure gauge at the inlet of the circulating pump, and the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is larger than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-eliminating temperature by regulating the opening degree of the flow regulating valve. Therefore, the pressure stability of the continuous sterilization process during water sterilization operation is ensured, and equipment failure caused by cavitation generated by the circulating pump can be avoided.
In one embodiment, the number of the circulating pumps is at least 1, and when a plurality of circulating pumps are adopted, the circulating pumps are used in series.
In the embodiment of the application, the water is controlled to flow in the water circulation loop through the circulating pump, so that the sterilization effect is achieved. The number of the circulating pumps can be 1 or 2 …, which is not limited as long as water can be circulated to achieve the sterilization effect.
It should be noted that, if a plurality of circulating pumps are provided and the pressure stabilizing pump is a variable frequency pump, the pressure stabilizing pump is interlocked with a pressure gauge at the inlet of the first circulating pump to control the pressure at the inlet of the first circulating pump to be constant and greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-eliminating temperature; the pressure meters at the inlets of the first circulating pump and the second circulating pump are interlocked, and the pressure at the inlet of the second circulating pump is controlled to be constant and is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-eliminating temperature; by analogy, it is necessary to ensure that each pump does not cavitate.
In other embodiments, the pressure stabilizing pump can also be a power frequency pump, a flow regulating valve is arranged between the pressure stabilizing pump and a pressure gauge at the inlet of the first circulating pump, the flow regulating valve is interlocked with the pressure gauge at the inlet of the first circulating pump, the pressure at the inlet of the first circulating pump is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-consuming temperature by regulating the opening degree of the flow regulating valve, and the like, so that each pump is ensured not to be subjected to cavitation.
In both cases, the circulation pump may be a variable frequency pump, and the pressure of the subsequent circulation pump is controlled by frequency variation. Certainly, the circulating pump can also be the power frequency pump, and at this moment, be equipped with flow control valve between the manometer of first circulating pump and second circulating pump entrance, through adjusting this flow control valve's aperture, make the pressure of first circulating pump entrance be greater than the saturated vapour pressure of water under the temperature that disappears, and so on, guarantee that every pump does not have the cavitation.
In one embodiment, in the water elimination circulation step, the water elimination temperature is 125-140 ℃, and after the water temperature reaches the water elimination temperature, the water elimination circulation is carried out for 5-15 min.
Generally, the higher the sterilization temperature is, the time required for sterilization is reduced, but if the sterilization temperature is too high, the requirement for high-temperature steam is more strict, the enterprise cost is increased, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are greatly influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the process not only meets certain sterilization requirements, but also ensures that the energy is easy to obtain and control. Comprehensively, the water elimination temperature in the water elimination circulation process is preferably 125-140 ℃, and after the water temperature reaches the water elimination temperature, the water elimination circulation is carried out for 5-15 min.
In one embodiment, in the water-quenching circulation step, the water in the heater is heated to the water-quenching temperature by high-temperature steam, and the temperature of the high-temperature steam is at least 5 ℃ higher than the water-quenching temperature.
High-temperature steam enters the heater through the steam pipeline, and water preheated by the preheating heat exchanger is heated to a water-quenching temperature. The temperature of the high-temperature steam is at least 5 ℃ higher than the water consumption temperature, so that the water can reach the water consumption temperature. Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature steam is 5-10 ℃ higher than the water elimination temperature, so that the water can reach the water elimination temperature quickly, the situation that the high-temperature steam is too high and is difficult to obtain can be avoided, and the high-temperature steam can be steam in an industrial plant area generally.
In one embodiment, the medium sterilization step specifically comprises: and conveying the culture medium to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated culture medium is 115-130 ℃, then conveying the preheated culture medium to the heater for heating to 130-145 ℃, keeping the culture medium in the maintainer for a certain sterilization time, then conveying the culture medium to a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for heat exchange with the unsterilized culture medium in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, and conveying the sterilized culture medium after heat exchange to the sterilized fermentation tank.
In one embodiment, the water lifting step specifically comprises: conveying the water in the clean water tank to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated water is 115-130 ℃, then conveying the preheated water to the heater for heating to 130-145 ℃, after maintaining a certain sterilization time in the maintainer, entering a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for heat exchange with unsterilized water in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, and conveying the water after heat exchange to the sterilized fermentation tank; meanwhile, the step of water lifting is also the constant volume process of the sterilized fermentation tank.
In the process of medium sterilization and water material lifting, the preheating heat exchanger preheats the medium/water of the cold side channel, and the hot side channel exchanges heat with the medium/water in the cold side channel, so that almost all the waste heat of the heat medium in the hot side channel can be recovered, the temperature of the medium/water to be heated in the cold side channel is greatly increased, the difference between the temperature and the sterilization is smaller, and the use amount of high-temperature steam can be greatly saved.
In the continuous sterilization process, firstly superheated water is used for sterilizing the continuous sterilization system in the water sterilization circulation step, after the sterilization requirement is met, the culture medium is sterilized, and then the culture medium is ejected out by water. In the sterilization of the culture medium, the higher the sterilization temperature is, the less the required sterilization time is, and the present invention is not limited to the sterilization temperature and time, as long as the sterilization effect is achieved. Preferably, the temperature of the culture medium preheated by the preheating heat exchanger is 115-130 ℃, and the sterilization temperature of the heater is 130-145 ℃. Not only can ensure the sterilization effect, but also can obtain better economic benefit and environmental benefit. Similarly, in the process of lifting materials by water, the temperature of the water preheated by the preheating heat exchanger is set to be 115-130 ℃, and the heating temperature of the heater is set to be 130-145 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention provides a process flow chart I of a continuous sterilization method of a non-overheating water tank;
FIG. 2: a process flow diagram II of a continuous sterilization method of a non-superheated water tank provided by another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3: a third process flow chart of the continuous sterilization method of the non-superheated water tank provided by the other embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4: a process flow chart of a continuous sterilization method of a non-overheating water tank provided by another embodiment of the invention is four;
in the figure, 1, a clean water tank; 2. a pressure stabilizing pump; 3. preheating a heat exchanger; 4. a circulation pump; 4.1, a first circulating pump; 4.2, a second circulating pump; 5. a heater; 6. a maintainer; 7. a water-eliminating circulation valve; 8. a raw material tank; 9. CIP tank
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and all the technical solutions and modifications thereof which do not depart from the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified otherwise. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least one, e.g., one, two, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
The words "preferably," "more preferably," and the like, in the present disclosure mean embodiments of the disclosure that may, in some instances, provide certain benefits. However, other embodiments may be preferred, under the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the recitation of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not useful, and is not intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.
When a range of values is disclosed herein, the range is considered to be continuous and includes both the minimum and maximum values of the range, as well as each value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values of the range is included. Further, when multiple range-describing features or characteristics are provided, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to encompass any and all subranges subsumed therein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the present invention, "front" and "back" are defined according to the orientation of water and culture medium in the process
The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank disclosed by the invention can be applied to a continuous sterilization system for sterilizing the culture medium in the microbial fermentation industry on one hand; on the other hand, the device can also be used in an inactivation device containing active wastewater for sterilizing the inactivation device.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, arrows in the drawings indicate the water circulation, sterilization, and CIP on-line cleaning processes, a method for continuously sterilizing a hot water tank without overheating according to the present invention will now be described.
Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the continuous sterilization method of the non-superheated water tank specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Water filling step: the method comprises the steps that a valve at the bottom of a clean water tank 1 and a valve between a hot side channel of a preheating heat exchanger 3 and the clean water tank 1 are opened, water in the clean water tank 1 is sequentially conveyed to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, a heater 5, a retainer 6 and the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 by a pressure stabilizing pump 2 and a circulating pump 4, and finally flows back into the clean water tank 1 to form a closed cycle, and the valve between the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and the clean water tank 1 is closed after all parts and pipelines are filled with water;
(2) And (3) water elimination circulation step: the water-eliminating circulation valve 7 is started, water is conveyed to a cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 to be preheated under the action of the circulating pump 4, then the preheated water is conveyed to the heater 5 to be heated to the water-eliminating temperature of 121-140 ℃, the water-eliminating temperature is kept in the maintainer 6 for a period of time, the water enters a hot-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the water in a cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, the hot water after heat exchange enters a joint of a first pipeline and a second pipeline (namely, a point A in figure 1) through the first pipeline, then the hot water is conveyed to the second pipeline, enters the cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 again to be subjected to water-eliminating circulation, the hot water sequentially flows to the cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, the circulating pump 4, the heater 5, the maintainer 6, a channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and the water-eliminating circulation valve 7 and finally returns to the point A to form a water circulation loop until the water temperature in the whole water circulation loop reaches the water-eliminating temperature, and the water circulation loop is continuously performed for 5-30 min. In the water-eliminating circulation process, high-temperature steam enters the heater 5 through a steam pipeline, preheated water is heated to 121-140 ℃ in the heater 5, and the temperature of the high-temperature steam is at least 5 ℃ higher than the water-eliminating temperature.
In the water-eliminating circulation step, when the pressure stabilizing pump 2 is a variable frequency pump, the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump 4 is controlled to be constant through the frequency change of the pressure stabilizing pump 2 and when the pressure stabilizing pump 2 is a power frequency pump by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve, so that the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump 4 is ensured to be greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-eliminating temperature, and thus, the pressure stability in the water-eliminating circulation process is ensured, and the phenomenon that the circulating pump 4 generates cavitation to cause equipment failure due to the vaporization of superheated water can be avoided.
In addition, all parts and pipelines need to be sterilized, and when the sewage discharge and exhaust pipeline is sterilized, in order to achieve a good sterilization effect, the valve needs to be opened and closed for many times to enable superheated water to fill the pipeline, and part of water is discharged from the pipeline in the period. The joint of the first pipeline and the second pipeline (namely point A in figure 1) is set to be in direct communication through a tee joint, a pressure tank can be used as a mixing device, a water circulation loop is supplemented with water in time through a pressure stabilizing pump 2, the pressure in the water circulation process is guaranteed to be constant, and of course, other mixing devices can be used at the joint of the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the two mixing devices are all within the protection scope of the patent.
(3) And (3) sterilizing the culture medium: and (3) opening a valve at the bottom of the raw material tank 8, closing the water elimination circulation valve 7, simultaneously opening a valve between a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and the fermentation tank, and closing a valve at the bottom of the clean water tank 1. Conveying the culture medium in the raw material tank 8 to a cold side channel of a preheating heat exchanger 3 through a pressure stabilizing pump 2 for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated culture medium is 115-130 ℃, then conveying the preheated culture medium to a heater 5 through a circulating pump 4 for heating to 130-145 ℃, after maintaining for a certain sterilization time in a maintainer 6, allowing the preheated culture medium to enter a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange with the unsterilized culture medium in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, discharging the sterilized culture medium after heat exchange, and conveying the discharged sterilized culture medium to a sterilized fermentation tank.
(4) And (3) water ejection: the method comprises the steps of opening a valve at the bottom of a clean water tank 1, closing the valve at the bottom of a raw material tank 8, conveying water in the clean water tank 1 to a cold side channel of a preheating heat exchanger 3 through a pressure stabilizing pump 2 for preheating, keeping the temperature of the preheated water at 115-130 ℃, conveying the preheated water to a heater 5 for heating to 130-145 ℃, keeping the temperature in a retainer 6 for a certain sterilization time, then conveying the water to a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange with unsterilized water in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, and conveying the water after heat exchange to a sterilized fermentation tank. This process is also a fermenter volumetric process.
Fig. 2 is a process flow chart of another embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the method for continuously sterilizing a non-superheated water tank specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Water filling step: the operation process of this step is the same as the water filling step in the embodiment of fig. 1, please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment of fig. 1;
(2) A water disinfection circulation step: the water-eliminating circulation valve 7 is opened, water is conveyed to a cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 to be preheated under the action of the circulating pump 4, then the preheated water is conveyed to the heater 5 to be heated to the water-eliminating temperature of 121-140 ℃, the water-eliminating temperature is kept in the maintainer 6 for a period of time, the water entering a hot-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat with the water in a cold-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, the hot water after heat exchange enters a joint of a first pipeline and a second pipeline (namely, a point A in figure 2) through the first pipeline, then the hot water is conveyed to the second pipeline, enters the heater 5 again to be subjected to water-eliminating circulation, the hot water sequentially flows to the circulating pump 4, the heater 5, the maintainer 6, the hot-side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and the water-eliminating circulation valve 7 from the point A and finally returns to the point A to form a water circulation loop until the water temperature in the whole water circulation loop completely reaches the water-eliminating temperature, and the water-eliminating circulation loop continues for 5-30 min. The cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 is heated to the water consumption temperature through the hot water of the hot side channel to achieve disinfection and sterilization. In the water-eliminating circulation process, high-temperature steam enters the heater 5 through a steam pipeline, preheated water is heated to 121-140 ℃ in the heater 5, and the temperature of the high-temperature steam is at least 5 ℃ higher than the water-eliminating temperature.
(3) A culture medium sterilization step: the operation of this step is the same as the medium sterilization step in the embodiment of FIG. 1, please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
(4) And (3) water material ejection: the operation process of this step is the same as that of the water-ejecting step in the embodiment of fig. 1, and please refer to the corresponding description in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a process flow chart of another embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the process adopts two circulating pumps to circulate water, and the continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) water filling step: the method comprises the steps that a valve at the bottom of a clean water tank 1 and a valve between a hot side channel of a preheating heat exchanger 3 and the clean water tank 1 are opened, water in the clean water tank 1 is sequentially conveyed to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, a heater 5, a maintainer 6 and the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 by a first circulating pump 4.1 and a second circulating pump 4.2, and finally flows back into the clean water tank 1 to form a closed cycle, and after all parts and pipelines are filled with water, the valve between the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and the clean water tank 1 is closed;
(2) And (3) water elimination circulation step: and (3) opening a water circulating elimination valve 7, a valve between the bottom of the clean water tank 1 and the pressure stabilizing pump 2, and closing the valve at the bottom of the clean water tank 1. Under the action of a first circulating pump 4.1 and a second circulating pump 4.2, water is conveyed to a cold side channel of a preheating heat exchanger 3 for preheating, then the preheated water is conveyed to a heater 5 for heating to a water consumption temperature of 121-140 ℃, after the water consumption temperature is kept in a maintainer 6 for a period of time, the water entering a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 carry out heat exchange, the hot water after heat exchange enters a joint of a first pipeline and a second pipeline (namely a point A in figure 3) through the first pipeline, then the hot water is conveyed to the second pipeline, enters the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 again for water consumption circulation, the hot water sequentially flows to the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, a second circulating pump 4.2, the heater 5, the maintainer 6, a retainer channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and a water consumption circulating valve 7, and finally returns to the point A to form a water circulating loop until the water temperature in the whole water circulating loop reaches the water consumption temperature for 5-30 min. In the water elimination circulation process, high-temperature steam enters the heater 5 through a steam pipeline, preheated water is heated to 121-140 ℃ in the heater 5, and the temperature of the high-temperature steam is at least 5 ℃ higher than the water elimination temperature.
In the water-eliminating circulation step, the pressure at the inlet of the first circulating pump 4.1 is controlled to be constant by the frequency change of the pressure stabilizing pump 2 or by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve, so that the pressure at the inlet of the first circulating pump 4.1 is ensured to be larger than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-eliminating temperature. Circulating pump 4 can be the inverter pump, and the manometer chain at first circulating pump 4.1 and second circulating pump 4.2 entrance, and the pressure of first circulating pump 4.1 through frequency variation control second circulating pump 4.2 entrance is invariable, and is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water under the water temperature that disappears. Of course, the number of the circulating pumps 4 can also be 3, 4, etc. …, which is not limited as long as water can be circulated to achieve the sterilization effect. When a plurality of circulating pumps 4 are adopted, the pressure of the previous circulating pump 4 is controlled to be constant by the frequency change of the next circulating pump 4, and each pump is ensured not to be cavitated.
Circulating pump 4 also can be the power frequency pump, and at this moment, be equipped with flow control valve between the manometer of first circulating pump 4.1 and second circulating pump 4.2 entrance, through the aperture of adjusting this flow control valve, make the pressure of first circulating pump 4.1 entrance be greater than the saturated vapour pressure of water under the temperature that disappears. And so on, ensure that each pump does not cavitate.
The surge tank pump 2 and the circulation pump 4 are all of a variety of pumps common in the art, such as: centrifugal pumps, gerotor pumps, gear pumps, screw pumps, and the like, without limitation. In addition, the parameters of the pump are not fixed and are set and adjusted according to the actual treatment capacity and the use environment of the water consumption system. In particular, at 30m 3 In the water elimination process of the/h, the parameters of the pressure stabilizing pump 2 and the circulating pump 4 are as follows: and (3) a pressure stabilizing pump 2: head 40m, flow 20m 3 H, first circulation pump 4.1: head 40m, flow 40m 3 H, second circulation pump 4.2: head 40m, flow 40m 3 The sterilization efficiency is high.
(3) And (3) sterilizing the culture medium: and (3) opening a valve at the bottom of the raw material tank 8, closing the water circulating elimination valve 7, simultaneously opening a valve between a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 and the fermentation tank, and closing a valve between the bottom of the clean water tank 1 and the pressure stabilizing pump 2. The culture medium in the raw material tank 8 is conveyed to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 through a first circulating pump 4.1 for preheating, the temperature of the preheated culture medium is 115-130 ℃, then the preheated culture medium is conveyed to a heater 5 through a second circulating pump 4.2 for heating to 130-145 ℃, after a certain sterilization time is maintained in a maintainer 6, the preheated culture medium enters a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange with the unsterilized culture medium in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, the sterilized culture medium after heat exchange is discharged and conveyed to a sterilized fermentation tank.
(4) And (3) water material ejection: the method comprises the steps of opening a valve at the bottom of a clean water tank 1, closing the valve at the bottom of a raw material tank 8, conveying water in the clean water tank 1 to a cold side channel of a preheating heat exchanger 3 through a first circulating pump 4.1 for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated water is 115-130 ℃, then conveying the preheated water to a heater 5 through a second circulating pump 4.2 for heating to 130-145 ℃, maintaining the water in a retainer 6 for a certain sterilization time, then allowing the water to enter a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange with unsterilized water in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger 3, and conveying the water subjected to heat exchange to a sterilized fermentation tank. This process is also a fermenter volumetric process. .
Fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the process is substantially the same as the embodiment of fig. 3, except that a circulation pump is used for water circulation in the embodiment of fig. 4, and the specific steps of the continuous sterilization method without the superheated water tank can be referred to the corresponding description in the embodiment of fig. 3.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the continuous sterilizing system operates for a certain time, the continuous sterilizing system needs to be cleaned regularly by CIP on-line, namely cleaning liquid in the CIP tank 9 is introduced into the continuous sterilizing system for cleaning, and finally the cleaning liquid is ejected out by using water in the clean water tank 1, so that the cleaning effect is achieved.
The continuous sterilization method provided by the invention omits the superheated water tank and the attached instruments and meters, thereby saving the investment cost. The superheated water tank is a pressure container, the manufacturing requirement of the equipment is high, and the cost is about 2.1-4 ten thousand yuan. In general, in order to ensure the safety of the superheated water tank body, instruments for detecting temperature, pressure and liquid level and corresponding control valves need to be installed on the superheated water tank, and the cost of parts such as a pressure gauge, a thermometer, a liquid level meter, a switch valve and the like is about 1.5-2.3 ten thousand yuan. The invention eliminates the superheated water tank and instruments thereof, and the like, can reduce the cost by about 3.6-6.3 ten thousand yuan, greatly reduce the investment cost of enterprises, and also reduce the safety risk caused by superheated water leakage.
In addition, in the circulating process, because the heated water amount is reduced, part of steam is saved, and energy conservation and water conservation are realized. The following is a calculation process for the cost savings of steam for the full life cycle of the plant.
Steam amount savings calculation (in 2 m) 3 Superheated water tank as an example):
compared with the water-sterilizing circulation process without the hot water tank, the water-sterilizing circulation process with the superheated water tank has the water volume increased by 2m 3 (volume of water in superheated water tank), mass M of excess water 1 ＝2000kg；
Initial temperature of water according to T 1 =25 ℃ calculation; water quenching temperature according to T 2 =130 ℃ calculation;
specific heat capacity of water C 1 ＝4.2kJ/(kg·℃)；
Calculated as 0.45MPa for steam, latent heat of vaporization C of steam 2 ＝2095.9kJ/kg；
The water-consuming cycle process with the superheated water tank needs more steam to the excess water M 1 Heating is carried out, and the consumed heat quantity Q is as follows:
Q＝C 1 ×(T 2 －T 1 )×M 1 ＝4.2kJ/(kg·℃)×(130－25)℃×2000kg＝882000kJ；
steam quantity M consumed in one-time water elimination cycle 2 Comprises the following steps:
M 2 ＝Q/C 2 ＝882000kJ÷2095.9kJ/kg＝420.82kg；M 2 the steam quantity saved by the primary water-sterilizing circulation is also saved in the embodiment of the invention;
steam quantity M saved by sterilizing culture medium twice a day for twice water sterilization circulation 3 Comprises the following steps:
M 3 ＝M 2 x 2=420.82kg x 2 batches/day =841.64 kg/day;
the steam quantity M saved in one year is calculated according to 300 days in the equipment operation time of one year 4 Comprises the following steps:
M 4 ＝M 3 x 300= 252492kg/year =252.492 tonnes/year;
the service life of the equipment is calculated according to 10 years, and the steam quantity M saved in the whole life cycle of the equipment 5 Comprises the following steps:
M 5 =252.492 ton/year × 10 years =2524.92 ton;
the steam price is calculated according to S =260 yuan/ton, and the steam cost Y saved in the whole life cycle of the equipment is as follows:
y =2524.92 ton × 260 yuan/ton =656479.2 yuan =65.65 ten thousand yuan.
Because the hot water tanks used by the continuous sterilizing systems with different flow rates have different volumes, the steam cost saved in the whole life cycle of the equipment is calculated according to the calculation method and is shown in the following table:
| serial number | Model of the device | M 1 (kg) | M 2 (kg) | M 3 (kg/day) | M 4 (ton/year) | M 5 (ton) | Y (Wanyuan) |
| 1 | 15m 3 /h | 2000 | 420.82 | 841.64 | 252.492 | 2524.92 | 65.65 |
| 2 | 30m 3 /h | 2000 | 420.82 | 841.64 | 252.492 | 2524.92 | 65.65 |
| 3 | 50m 3 /h | 5000 | 1052.05 | 2104.10 | 631.230 | 6312.30 | 164.12 |
| 4 | 80m 3 /h | 5000 | 1052.05 | 2104.10 | 631.230 | 6312.30 | 164.12 |
| 5 | 100m 3 /h | 5000 | 1052.05 | 2104.10 | 631.230 | 6312.30 | 164.12 |
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous sterilization method of a non-overheating water tank is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
water filling step: conveying water in the clean water tank to a continuous sterilizing system, and finally refluxing the water to the clean water tank to form a closed cycle, wherein the continuous sterilizing system comprises a cold side channel of a preheating heat exchanger, a heater, a maintainer and a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and after the continuous sterilizing system is filled with water, a valve between the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger and the clean water tank is closed;
a water disinfection circulation step: starting a water elimination circulation valve, controlling water in the continuous elimination system to form circulation through a circulation pump, controlling the pressure at an inlet of the circulation pump to be constant by using a pressure stabilizing pump and to be higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the water at the water elimination temperature, wherein the water elimination temperature is 121-140 ℃, and in the circulation process, heating the water to the water elimination temperature by using the heater to sterilize the continuous elimination system;
a culture medium sterilization step: conveying the culture medium into the continuous sterilization system for heating sterilization, and then conveying the sterilized culture medium into a sterilized fermentation tank;
and (3) water material ejection: and ejecting the culture medium in the continuous sterilizing system and the pipeline to the sterilized fermentation tank by using the water in the clean water tank, wherein the step is also the constant volume process of the sterilized fermentation tank.
2. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the water elimination circulation step, after passing through the outlet of the hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, water is conveyed to the second pipeline through the first pipeline and enters the continuous elimination system again to form a water circulation loop.
3. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank as set forth in claim 2, wherein: in the water elimination circulation step, after the water elimination circulation valve is opened, water is conveyed to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger to be preheated under the action of the circulation pump, then the preheated water is conveyed to the heater to be heated to the water elimination temperature, the water enters a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger through the maintaining device to exchange heat with the water in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, the water after heat exchange enters a joint of the first pipeline and the second pipeline through the first pipeline, and then the water is conveyed to the second pipeline to be circulated until the water temperature in the whole water circulation loop reaches the water elimination temperature, and water elimination circulation is continued for 5-30 min.
4. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank as set forth in claim 2, wherein: in the water elimination circulation step, the water in the clean water tank is dynamically supplemented into the water circulation loop through the pressure stabilizing pump.
5. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the pressure stabilizing pump is a variable frequency pump, and the pressure at the inlet of the circulating pump is controlled to be constant through frequency change; or the pressure stabilizing pump is a power frequency pump, and the pressure output by the power frequency pump is greater than the saturated vapor pressure of water at the water-quenching temperature.
6. The continuous sterilization method of a non-superheated water tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quantity of circulating pump is 1 at least, adopts a plurality of when the circulating pump, it is a plurality of use in series between the circulating pump.
7. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank according to claim 3, wherein: in the step of water elimination circulation, the water elimination temperature is 125-140 ℃, and after the water temperature reaches the water elimination temperature, the water elimination circulation is carried out for 5-15 min.
8. The continuous sterilization method of a non-superheated water tank according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: in the water elimination circulation step, the water in the heater is heated to the water elimination temperature through high-temperature steam, and the temperature of the high-temperature steam is at least 5 ℃ higher than the water elimination temperature.
9. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the culture medium sterilization step specifically comprises: and conveying the culture medium to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated culture medium is 115-130 ℃, then conveying the preheated culture medium to the heater for heating to 130-145 ℃, keeping the culture medium in the maintainer for a certain sterilization time, then conveying the culture medium to a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for heat exchange with the unsterilized culture medium in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, and conveying the sterilized culture medium after heat exchange to the sterilized fermentation tank.
10. The continuous sterilization method of the non-overheating water tank as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the water material lifting step specifically comprises the following steps: conveying the water in the clean water tank to a cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for preheating, wherein the temperature of the preheated water is 115-130 ℃, then conveying the preheated water to the heater for heating to 130-145 ℃, after maintaining a certain sterilization time in the maintainer, entering a hot side channel of the preheating heat exchanger for heat exchange with unsterilized water in the cold side channel of the preheating heat exchanger, and conveying the water after heat exchange to the sterilized fermentation tank; meanwhile, the step of water lifting is also the constant volume process of the sterilized fermentation tank.
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