CN115965565A - Method and device for determining quartz content in clastic rock - Google Patents
Method and device for determining quartz content in clastic rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN115965565A CN115965565A CN202111175417.8A CN202111175417A CN115965565A CN 115965565 A CN115965565 A CN 115965565A CN 202111175417 A CN202111175417 A CN 202111175417A CN 115965565 A CN115965565 A CN 115965565A
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Abstract
The application provides a method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium for determining the quartz content in clastic rock, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring electronic computed tomography data of the core; establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data; determining a gray scale distribution on the three-dimensional image; determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution. The method and the device can solve the technical problem that the determination method of the quartz content in the clastic rock in the prior art can cause damage to the rock core product.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of petrophysical research, and particularly relates to a method and a device for determining quartz content in clastic rock.
Background
The mineral composition in the natural rock is complex, quartz is a common mineral, and quartz in clastic rock is an important factor influencing the physical properties of the clastic rock and has an important influence in modeling the petrophysics, so that the content and occurrence state of quartz must be considered when constructing a clastic rock physical model.
At present, the evaluation of the quartz content usually adopts an x-diffraction method to measure a powder sample or a slice identification method, but the method is destructive to a core in the implementation process and the core can be tested only after being chemically treated, so that the core sample is damaged, and the analysis process is irreversible. Moreover, the content of quartz is easily affected by the sampling position and experimental technical means.
It should be noted that in the prior art, the determination method of the quartz content in clastic rock may cause the damage of the core product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art at least to a certain extent, the method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium for determining the quartz content in the clastic rock can solve the technical problem that the method for determining the quartz content in the clastic rock can cause damage to a core product in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining the quartz content of clastic rock, comprising: acquiring electronic computed tomography data of the core; establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data; determining a gray scale distribution on the three-dimensional image; determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution.
In the application, firstly, the electronic computer tomography data of the rock core is obtained, then, a three-dimensional image of the rock core is established according to the scanning data, then, the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image is determined, and finally, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the gray distribution. Therefore, according to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image construction of the rock core is carried out based on experimental data, the quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
Further, the step of determining the quartz content in the core based on the grey scale distribution comprises: acquiring an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range; determining a quartz content in the core based on the image region.
According to the method, the gray threshold range of the quartz can be set, the image area with the gray value within the preset gray threshold range is determined in the three-dimensional image of the rock core, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area after the image area is obtained, the whole rock core is scanned by CT, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, the quartz in the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock is not damaged, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved.
Further, the step of determining the quartz content in the core based on the image region comprises: acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area; acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core; and calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
According to the scheme, the set gray threshold range of the quartz can be set, then the image area with the gray value within the preset gray threshold range is determined in the three-dimensional image of the rock core, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area, the pixel number of the quartz can be obtained in the image area, then the total pixel number of the rock core is obtained, and finally the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core is calculated according to the pixel number of the quartz and the total pixel number of the rock core. According to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock can not be damaged through the method, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved. Further, the preset gray threshold range is [76.8,92.3].
According to the scheme, the set gray threshold range of the quartz is set to be [76.8,92.3], the image area of the quartz is accurately determined through the threshold range, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area, the pixel number of the quartz can be obtained in the image area, then the total pixel number of the rock core is obtained, and finally the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core is calculated through the pixel number of the quartz and the total pixel number of the rock core. According to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock can not be damaged through the method, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved.
Further, after determining the quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution, the method further comprises: and establishing a rock physical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the rock physical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, the sensitive parameters and/or the intersection relation of the rock.
According to the description, firstly, a rock core is selected to be subjected to CT scanning, a three-dimensional image of the rock core is reconstructed on a computer, quartz is identified and marked on the three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the existing quartz gray value, and then the content of the quartz is obtained.
In a second aspect, the present application provides apparatus for determining the quartz content of clastic rock, comprising: the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the electronic computer tomography data of the rock core; the first establishing unit is used for establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data; a first determination unit configured to determine a gradation distribution on the three-dimensional image; a second determining unit for determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray distribution.
Further, the determining module includes: the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area; the third acquisition module is used for acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core; and the calculation module is used for calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
Further, the preset gray threshold range is [76.8,92.3].
Further, the apparatus further comprises: and the second establishing unit is used for establishing a rock physical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the rock physical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, the sensitive parameters and/or the intersection relation of the rock.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus, the memory storing machine readable instructions executable by the processor, the processor and the memory communicating over the bus when the electronic device is operating, the machine readable instructions when executed by the processor performing the steps of the method of determining the quartz content of clastic rock according to any of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for determining the quartz content of clastic rock according to any one of the first aspect.
In the application, firstly, the electronic computer tomography data of the rock core is obtained, then, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is established according to the scanning data, then, the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image is determined, and finally, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the gray distribution. Therefore, according to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image construction of the rock core is carried out based on experimental data, the quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for determining the quartz content of clastic rock according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a second method of determining the quartz content of clastic rock according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for determining the quartz content of a third clastic rock according to one exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method of determining the quartz content of a third clastic rock according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an apparatus for determining the amount of quartz in clastic rock in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a grayscale view of a core shown according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 7 is an image region of extracted quartz shown according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for determining the quartz content in clastic rock, which may include:
and S11, acquiring the electronic computed tomography data of the core.
Specifically, in this scheme, a hardware device such as a server or a computer with a processor may be used as an execution main body in this embodiment, the core may be a clastic rock core sample in a specific area, and in this scheme, a core may be randomly selected from the clastic rock core samples in the specific area to perform CT scanning, and then CT scanning data (i.e., the above-mentioned CT scanning data) of the core may be obtained.
Here, it should be noted that CT (Computed Tomography), which is an electronic Computed Tomography, uses precisely collimated X-ray beams, gamma rays, ultrasonic waves, etc. to perform cross-sectional scanning one by one around a certain part of a human body together with a detector having extremely high sensitivity, has the characteristics of fast scanning time, clear images, etc., and can be used for the examination of various diseases; according to the different rays adopted, the method can be divided into the following steps: x-ray CT (X-CT), and gamma-ray CT (gamma-CT). The industrial CT technology, i.e. the industrial computerized tomography imaging technology, is a high and new technology which is started and rapidly developed in the 80 s, can measure and calculate the density distribution of the section of a measured object under the condition of no damage, and reflect the density change of the material of the section in the form of computer images through the gray level change, thereby clearly and visually presenting the internal structure condition and the material composition of the section. The basic principle of industrial CT is based on the attenuation and absorption properties of radiation in the object under examination. The absorption power of a substance to radiation is related to the nature of the substance. Therefore, by utilizing the attenuation law and distribution of X-rays or gamma-rays with certain energy and intensity emitted by radioactive nuclide or other radiation sources in the detected object, it is possible to obtain the detailed information of the interior of the object by the detector array, and finally to display the information in the form of image by using computer information processing and image reconstruction technology.
The industrial CT is widely applied to the industrial fields of automobiles, materials, railways, aerospace, aviation, military industry, national defense and the like, and provides an important technical means for successful launching of space launch vehicles, spacecrafts and space vehicles, development of aircraft engines, large weapon system inspection and test, geological structure analysis, speed-raising and heavy-load safety of railway vehicles, petroleum reserve prediction, quality judgment of mechanical products and the like. In the petroleum industry, industrial CT technology has been used in the field of research of hydrocarbon reservoirs and developed as an important tool for studying the characteristics of porous media. In published literature, it is also referred to that the porosity of the core is measured by CT scanning, and the CT scanning technology in the scheme is the existing mature industrial CT scanning technology. The CT scanning technique in this embodiment preferably employs X-ray scanning and then acquiring CT scan data.
It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, a communication relationship may be established between the server and the CT apparatus, and then the electronic computed tomography data of the core generated by the CT apparatus through scanning may be automatically acquired, or after the core is manually CT-scanned by a worker, the CT-scanned data may be controlled to be sent to the server and then subsequent steps are performed.
And S13, establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data.
Specifically, according to the scheme, after the electronic computed tomography data of the core are acquired, the three-dimensional image of the core can be established according to the electronic computed tomography data of the core.
It should be noted that, in the present solution, the electronic computed tomography data of the core may be imported into vgstudios max software, and a three-dimensional image of the core is created through an image reconstruction function in the vgstudios max software, where the vgstudios max software is a software platform existing worldwide for industrial CT data analysis and visualization, and allows a user to perform material and geometry related analysis on an industrial CT/voxel data set in a separate software environment to support processing of CT and CAD data, and the platform provides a software tool for directly processing the voxel data set, and does not need to convert the voxel data into other data formats, such as point cloud or surface mesh. It should also be noted that the CT image reconstruction technology has many important applications in the field of oil exploration and development, and the three-dimensional digital core obtained by the technology can accurately reflect the pore structure characteristics of the rock, and lays a good foundation for the research in the rock microscopic field, such as core wettability, karst cave and crack distribution of carbonate rock in the displacement process.
The core three-dimensional image construction technology can also establish a three-dimensional image of the core through the following steps and research the internal structure of the core:
step A: and (5) reconstructing a three-dimensional image. In the step, a rock sample is preprocessed to obtain projection data of the rock sample, the absorption coefficient of each pixel in an image matrix is solved, and then an image is reconstructed. The cross-section two-dimensional image of the rock sample can be obtained by the method, and the cross-section two-dimensional image are combined to obtain a three-dimensional gray image of the rock sample.
And B: and (5) denoising the image. Because there is system noise in the core three-dimensional gray level image obtained by X-ray CT scanning and filtering is needed, there are two methods of mean filtering and median filtering in the prior art, and the median filtering method is generally adopted, which can not only eliminate the system noise but also keep the detail part of the image.
And step C, carrying out image binarization. Because the position of the pore can be directly identified by the three-dimensional gray level image of the rock obtained by X-ray CT scanning, but the edge positions of the pore and the skeleton are difficult to identify, in order to obtain the geometric and topological structure characteristics of the rock sample, the pore and the skeleton need to be distinguished, and the three-dimensional gray level image is converted into a binary image.
Step S15, determining the gradation distribution on the three-dimensional image.
Specifically, in the present scheme, after the three-dimensional image of the core is created, the present scheme may determine the gray scale distribution on the three-dimensional image based on the three-dimensional image. Note that, in the three-dimensional image of the core, the gradation of different components is different.
And S17, determining the content of the quartz in the rock core based on the gray distribution.
Specifically, in this scheme, after determining the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image, the quartz content in the core may be determined based on the gray distribution, where it should be noted that the quartz content in the core may be any physical quantity for representing the quartz content, such as a volume ratio of the quartz in the core to the whole core, or a weight ratio of the quartz in the core to the whole core.
Therefore, according to the scheme, firstly, the electronic computer tomography data of the rock core are obtained, then, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is established according to the scanning data, then, the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image is determined, and finally, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the gray distribution. Therefore, according to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image construction of the rock core is carried out based on experimental data, the quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
Example two:
in addition to the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the step S17 of determining the quartz content in the core based on the gray-scale distribution may include:
in step S171, an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range is obtained.
Specifically, in this scheme, after determining the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image, an image region whose gray value is within a preset gray threshold range may be obtained, where it should be noted that the preset gray threshold range may be set by manual input of a worker. It should be further noted that, in the three-dimensional image of the core, the grays of different components are different, and the worker may set different preset grayscale threshold ranges based on different purposes, and may obtain, through the preset grayscale threshold ranges, image areas corresponding to the preset grayscale threshold ranges in the three-dimensional image, with reference to fig. 6 to 7, fig. 6 is a grayscale image of the core, and fig. 7 is an image area of the quartz extracted according to the preset grayscale threshold ranges.
Step S173 determines the content of quartz in the core based on the image region.
Specifically, in the present solution, after an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core may be determined based on the image area, and since the gray values of different components in the three-dimensional image of the rock core are different, if a worker wants to obtain the quartz content, the worker may set the preset gray threshold range of the quartz, so as to obtain the image area where the quartz is determined, and further determine the quartz content in the rock core based on the image area.
According to the method, the gray threshold range of the quartz can be set, the image area with the gray value within the preset gray threshold range is determined in the three-dimensional image of the rock core, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area, the whole rock core is scanned by using CT, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, the quartz in the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and the content of the quartz is calculated.
Example three:
on the basis of the first and second embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the step S173 of determining the quartz content in the core based on the image area may include:
step S1731, obtaining the number of pixels included in the image region.
Specifically, in the present scheme, after an image region with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range is obtained, the number of pixel points included in the image region may be obtained, where it should be noted that, since the image region is a quartz image region determined according to the preset gray threshold range, the number of pixel points included in the image region is the number of pixel points of quartz in the core.
Step S1733, obtaining the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the core.
Specifically, in this scheme, after the number of pixels (i.e., the number of pixels of the quartz) included in the image area is obtained, the total number of pixels of the core where the quartz is located may be obtained, and it should be noted that the present scheme may use an existing scheme of histogram statistics to obtain the number of pixels of the quartz image area and the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the core.
Step S1735, calculating the quartz content in the core according to the number of pixels included in the image region and the total number of pixels.
Specifically, in the present scheme, after the number of the pixels of the quartz and the total number of the pixels of the rock core where the quartz is located are obtained, the present scheme may calculate the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of the pixels included in the image area and the total number of the pixels, and preferably, the present scheme may represent the quartz content in the rock core by calculating a percentage of the number of the pixels of the quartz in the total number of the pixels of the rock core, where the percentage may be a volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core.
According to the embodiment, a set gray threshold range of quartz can be set, an image area with a gray value within the preset gray threshold range is determined in a three-dimensional image of the rock core, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area, the pixel number of the quartz can be obtained in the image area, the total pixel number of the rock core is obtained, and finally the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core is calculated according to the pixel number of the quartz and the total pixel number of the rock core. According to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock can not be damaged through the method, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved.
Example four:
on the basis of the first to third embodiments, in this embodiment, the preset gray threshold range is [76.8,92.3], it should be noted that, since the gray levels of different components are different in the three-dimensional image of the core, if the staff wants to obtain the content of quartz, the staff may set the preset gray threshold range of quartz, so as to obtain the image area where quartz is determined, and further determine the content of quartz in the core based on the image area. The above [76.8,92.3] is the upper limit and the lower limit of the gray value distribution range of the quartz, the worker can also freely set the preset gray threshold range according to the actual situation, the above [76.8,92.3] is a preferred embodiment in this application, and the image area of the quartz can be determined more accurately through [76.8,92.3].
According to the embodiment, the set gray threshold range of the quartz is set to [76.8,92.3], the image area of the quartz is accurately determined through the threshold range, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined on the basis of the image area, the pixel number of the quartz in the image area can be obtained, then the total pixel number of the rock core is obtained, and finally the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core is calculated through the pixel number of the quartz and the total pixel number of the rock core. According to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock can not be damaged through the method, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved.
Example five:
on the basis of the first to fourth embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, after determining the quartz content in the core based on the gray-scale distribution in step S17, the present application further includes the following steps:
and S19, establishing a rock physical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the rock physical model is used for analyzing the physical property characteristics, sensitive parameters and/or intersection relation of the rock.
Specifically, in the scheme, accurate mineral component data is the basis of rock physics modeling, and the content of main minerals obtained through direct experiments or indirect experiments is the necessary premise of the rock physics modeling, so that after the quartz content in the rock core is determined, a rock physics model can be established according to the quartz content in the rock core, and the rock physics model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, sensitive parameters and/or intersection relation of the rock.
According to the scheme, firstly, a rock core is selected for CT scanning, a three-dimensional image of the rock core is reconstructed on a computer, quartz is identified and marked on the three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the existing quartz gray value, and then the content of the quartz is obtained.
Example six:
corresponding to the method for determining the quartz content in the clastic rock, the application further provides a device for determining the quartz content in the clastic rock, which can be operated in a computer device with a processing function such as a server, and the structural block diagram of the device for determining the quartz content in the clastic rock shown in fig. 5 mainly comprises the following steps:
and the acquisition unit 50 is used for acquiring the electronic computed tomography data of the core. And a first establishing unit 52, configured to establish a three-dimensional image of the core according to the scan data. A first determining unit 54 for determining a gray distribution on the three-dimensional image. A second determination unit 56 for determining the quartz content in the core based on the grey scale distribution.
Specifically, in this scheme, the core may be a clastic rock core sample in a specific area, and in this scheme, a core may be randomly selected from the clastic rock core samples in the specific area to perform CT scanning, and then CT scanning data (i.e., the above-mentioned CT scanning data) of the core may be obtained.
Here, it should be noted that CT (Computed Tomography), which is an electronic Computed Tomography, uses precisely collimated X-ray beams, gamma rays, ultrasonic waves, etc. to perform cross-sectional scanning one by one around a certain part of a human body together with a detector having extremely high sensitivity, has the characteristics of fast scanning time, clear images, etc., and can be used for the examination of various diseases; the following can be classified according to the radiation used: x-ray CT (X-CT), and gamma-ray CT (gamma-CT). The industrial CT technology, i.e. the industrial computerized tomography imaging technology, is a high and new technology which is started and rapidly developed in the 80 s, can measure and calculate the density distribution of the section of a measured object under the condition of no damage, and reflect the density change of the material of the section in the form of computer images through the gray level change, thereby clearly and visually presenting the internal structure condition and the material composition of the section. In the petroleum industry, industrial CT technology is used in the field of research of hydrocarbon reservoirs and has evolved into an important tool for studying the characteristics of porous media. In published literature, the measurement of core porosity by CT scanning is also referred to, and the CT scanning technology in the present scheme is based on the existing mature industrial CT scanning technology. The CT scanning technique in this embodiment preferably employs X-ray scanning and then acquiring CT scan data. It should be further noted that, in this embodiment, a communication relationship may be established between the server and the CT apparatus, and then the electronic computed tomography data of the core generated by the CT apparatus through scanning may be automatically obtained, or after the core is manually scanned by a worker, the CT scanning data may be controlled to be sent to the server and then the subsequent steps may be performed.
Optionally, in this scheme, the electronic computed tomography data of the core may be imported into VGstudio max software, and a three-dimensional image of the core is created through an image reconstruction function in the VGstudio software, where the VGstudio max software is a software platform for analyzing and visualizing industrial CT data, which is available worldwide, and allows a user to perform material and geometry-related analysis on an industrial CT/voxel data set in a separate software environment to support processing of CT and CAD data, and the platform provides a software tool for directly processing the voxel data set, and does not need to convert the voxel data into other data formats, such as point cloud or surface mesh. It should also be noted that the CT image reconstruction technology has many important applications in the field of oil exploration and development, and the three-dimensional digital core obtained by the technology can accurately reflect the pore structure characteristics of the rock, and lays a good foundation for the research in the rock microscopic field, such as core wettability, karst cave and crack distribution of carbonate rock in the displacement process.
The core three-dimensional image construction technology can also establish a three-dimensional image of the core through the following steps and research the internal structure of the core:
step A: and (5) reconstructing a three-dimensional image. In the step, a rock sample is preprocessed to obtain projection data of the rock sample, the absorption coefficient of each pixel in an image matrix is solved, and then an image is reconstructed. The method can obtain two-dimensional images of the cross section of the rock sample, and the two-dimensional images are combined to obtain three-dimensional gray images of the rock sample.
And B: and (5) denoising the image. Because there is system noise in the core three-dimensional gray image obtained by X-ray CT scanning and filtering is needed, there are two methods of mean filtering and median filtering in the prior art, and the method of median filtering is generally adopted, which can not only eliminate the system noise but also keep the detail part of the image.
And step C, image binarization. Because the position of the pore can be directly identified by the three-dimensional gray level image of the rock obtained by X-ray CT scanning, but the edge positions of the pore and the skeleton are difficult to identify, in order to obtain the geometric and topological structure characteristics of the rock sample, the two are required to be distinguished, and the three-dimensional gray level image is converted into a binary image.
Optionally, the scheme may determine the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image based on the three-dimensional image. Note that, in the three-dimensional image of the core, the gradation of different components is different.
Optionally, the content of quartz in the core may be determined based on the gray scale distribution, and it should be noted that the content of quartz in the core may be any physical quantity for representing the content of quartz, such as a volume ratio of quartz in the core to the whole core, or a weight ratio of quartz in the core to the whole core.
Therefore, according to the scheme, through execution of the plurality of units, firstly, the electronic computed tomography data of the rock core are obtained, then, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is established according to the scanning data, then, the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image is determined, and finally, the quartz content in the rock core is determined according to the gray distribution. Therefore, according to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image construction of the rock core is carried out based on experimental data, the quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
Optionally, the second determining unit includes: the first acquisition module is used for acquiring an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range; a determination module for determining a quartz content in the core based on the image region.
Specifically, in this scheme, an image region whose grayscale value is within a preset grayscale threshold range may be obtained, where it should be noted that the preset grayscale threshold range may be set by manual input of a worker. It should be further noted that, in the three-dimensional image of the core, the grays of different components are different, and a worker can set different preset grayscale threshold ranges based on different purposes, and can acquire the image area corresponding to the preset grayscale threshold range in the three-dimensional image through the preset grayscale threshold range. According to the scheme, after the image area with the gray value within the preset gray threshold range is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core can be determined based on the image area, and due to the fact that the gray values of different components in the three-dimensional image of the rock core are different, if a worker wants to obtain the quartz content, the worker can set the preset gray threshold range of the quartz, so that the image area with the determined quartz is obtained, and then the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area.
According to the scheme, the gray threshold range of quartz can be set, then the image area with the gray value within the preset gray threshold range is determined in the three-dimensional image of the rock core, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area, the whole rock core is scanned by utilizing CT, the three-dimensional image construction of the rock core is carried out based on experimental data, the quartz in the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
Optionally, the determining module includes: the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area; the third acquisition module is used for acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core; and the calculation module is used for calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of the pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
Specifically, in the present scheme, the number of pixel points included in the image region may be obtained, and it should be noted that, since the image region is a quartz image region determined according to a preset gray threshold range, the number of pixel points included in the image region is the number of pixel points of quartz in the rock core. The total number of the pixels of the rock core where the quartz is located can be obtained, and it should be noted that the existing histogram statistics scheme can be adopted to obtain the number of the pixels of the quartz image area and the total number of the pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core. According to the scheme, the quartz content in the rock core can be calculated according to the number of the pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points, preferably, the quartz content in the rock core can be represented by calculating the percentage of the number of the pixel points of the quartz in the total number of the pixel points of the rock core, and the percentage can be the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core.
According to the embodiment, a set gray threshold range of quartz can be set, an image area with a gray value within the preset gray threshold range is determined in a three-dimensional image of the rock core, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined based on the image area, the pixel number of the quartz can be obtained in the image area, the total pixel number of the rock core is obtained, and finally the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core is calculated according to the pixel number of the quartz and the total pixel number of the rock core. According to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock can not be damaged, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved.
Optionally, the preset gray threshold range is [76.8,92.3].
Since the gray levels of different components are different in the three-dimensional image of the rock core, if a worker wants to obtain the content of quartz, the worker can set a preset gray level threshold range of the quartz, so as to obtain an image area where the quartz is determined, and further determine the content of the quartz in the rock core based on the image area. The [76.8,92.3] is the upper limit and the lower limit of the gray value distribution range of the quartz, the operator can freely set the preset gray threshold range according to the actual situation, the [76.8,92.3] is a preferred embodiment in the application, and the image area of the quartz can be determined more accurately through the [76.8,92.3].
According to the embodiment, the set gray threshold range of the quartz is set to [76.8,92.3], the image area of the quartz is accurately determined through the threshold range, after the image area is obtained, the quartz content in the rock core is determined on the basis of the image area, the pixel number of the quartz in the image area can be obtained, then the total pixel number of the rock core is obtained, and finally the volume ratio of the quartz in the rock core is calculated through the pixel number of the quartz and the total pixel number of the rock core. According to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, the content of the quartz is calculated, the structure of the rock can not be damaged, a complex chemical separation process is avoided, and the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and a second establishing unit for establishing a petrophysical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the petrophysical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, the sensitive parameters and/or the intersection relation of the rock.
Specifically, in the scheme, accurate mineral composition data is the basis of rock physical modeling, and the content of main minerals obtained through direct experiments or indirect experiments is the necessary premise of the rock physical modeling, so that after the content of quartz in the rock core is determined, the scheme can establish a rock physical model according to the content of quartz in the rock core, and the rock physical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, sensitive parameters and/or intersection relation of the rock.
According to the scheme, firstly, a rock core is selected for CT scanning, a three-dimensional image of the rock core is reconstructed on a computer, quartz is identified and marked on the three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the existing quartz gray value, and then the content of the quartz is obtained.
Further, the present embodiment also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory and a bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, the processor and the memory communicate via the bus when the electronic device is running, and the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor to perform the following steps:
acquiring electronic computer tomography data of the rock core;
establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data;
determining the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image; determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution.
The machine readable instructions when executed by the processor further perform the steps of:
acquiring an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range;
determining a quartz content in the core based on the image region.
The machine readable instructions when executed by the processor further perform the steps of:
acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area;
acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core;
and calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
The machine readable instructions when executed by the processor further perform the steps of:
the preset gray threshold range is set to [76.8,92.3].
The machine readable instructions when executed by the processor further perform the steps of:
and establishing a rock physical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the rock physical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, sensitive parameters and/or intersection relations of the rock.
Based on the steps executed by the processor, the scheme firstly acquires the electronic computed tomography data of the rock core, then establishes a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data, then determines the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image, and finally determines the quartz content in the rock core based on the gray distribution. Therefore, according to the method, the rock core is scanned by the CT, the three-dimensional image of the rock core is constructed based on experimental data, quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
Further, the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile computer-readable storage medium. The computer program when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
acquiring electronic computed tomography data of the core;
establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data;
determining the gray distribution on the three-dimensional image; determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution.
The machine readable instructions when executed by the processor further perform the steps of:
acquiring an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range;
determining a quartz content in the core based on the image region.
The computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area;
acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core;
and calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
The computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
the preset gray threshold range is set to [76.8,92.3].
The computer program when executed by the processor further performs the steps of:
and establishing a rock physical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the rock physical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, sensitive parameters and/or intersection relations of the rock.
Based on a plurality of steps executed when the computer program is operated by a processor, the scheme firstly acquires electronic computed tomography data of the rock core, then establishes a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data, then determines gray distribution on the three-dimensional image, and finally determines the content of quartz in the rock core based on the gray distribution. Therefore, according to the scheme, the CT is utilized to scan the whole rock core, the three-dimensional image construction of the rock core is carried out based on experimental data, the quartz inside the rock is identified through the image gray value of the quartz, and then the content of the quartz is calculated.
The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program product, where the computer program product carries a program code, and instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the steps of the method for determining a quartz content in a clastic rock in the above method embodiments, which may be referred to specifically for the above method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The quartz in the clastic rock is an important factor influencing the physical properties of the clastic rock, has important influence on the rock physics modeling, and the method for evaluating the quartz content generally adopts a method of measuring a powder sample by using an x diffraction method or a thin slice identification method, but the method is destructive to a rock core in the implementation process, and the quartz content is influenced by a sampling position and experimental technical means.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for calculating the content of the rock core by scanning the whole rock core by CT, constructing a three-dimensional image of the rock core based on experimental data, and identifying quartz in the rock through the image gray value of the quartz. According to the method, the structure of the rock is not damaged, the complicated experiment process is avoided, the evaluation efficiency of the quartz content is improved, and through the scheme provided by the invention, the rock core is not required to be damaged, and the accurate identification of the quartz can be realized only by means of the existing industrial CT scanning technology and the three-dimensional image establishing technology.
It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be mutually referred to, and the same or similar contents in other embodiments may be referred to for the contents which are not described in detail in some embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two unless otherwise specified.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present; when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present, and further, as used herein, connected may include wirelessly connected; the term "and/or" is used to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as: represents modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes additional implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following technologies, which are well known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations in the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining the quartz content of clastic rock, comprising:
acquiring electronic computer tomography data of the rock core;
establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data;
determining a gray scale distribution on the three-dimensional image;
determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the quartz content in the core based on the gray scale distribution comprises:
acquiring an image area with a gray value within a preset gray threshold range;
determining a quartz content in the core based on the image region.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of determining the quartz content in the core based on the image region comprises:
acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area;
acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core;
and calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the preset threshold range of gray levels is [76.8,92.3].
5. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining the quartz content in the core based on the gray-scale distribution, the method further comprises:
and establishing a petrophysical model according to the quartz content in the rock core, wherein the petrophysical model is used for analyzing the physical characteristics, the sensitive parameters and/or the intersection relation of the rock.
6. An apparatus for determining the quartz content of clastic rock, comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the electronic computer tomography data of the rock core;
the first establishing unit is used for establishing a three-dimensional image of the rock core according to the scanning data;
a first determination unit configured to determine a gradation distribution on the three-dimensional image;
a second determination unit for determining a quartz content in the core based on the gray distribution.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the second determining unit comprises:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring an image area of which the gray value is within a preset gray threshold range;
a determination module to determine a quartz content in the core based on the image region.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the determining module comprises:
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the number of pixel points contained in the image area;
the third acquisition module is used for acquiring the total number of pixels of the three-dimensional image of the rock core;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the quartz content in the rock core according to the number of pixel points contained in the image area and the total number of the pixel points.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus, the memory storing machine readable instructions executable by the processor, the processor and the memory communicating over the bus when the electronic device is operating, the machine readable instructions when executed by the processor performing the steps of the method of determining the quartz content of clastic rock according to any of claims 1 to 5.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for determining the quartz content of clastic rock according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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