CN115960620A - Vertical coke oven and coke making system and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical coke oven and a coke making system and a method thereof, wherein the vertical coke oven comprises an oven body, and a carbonization section, an activation section and a cooling section which are communicated with each other are arranged in the oven body from top to bottom; the carbonization section is provided with an air grid, the top of the carbonization section is communicated with a raw material inlet on the furnace body, and a gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body corresponding to the carbonization section; a plurality of material channels, a flue gas channel and an activation steam grid are arranged in the activation section; the material channels are annular channels surrounded by silicon carbide plates; the upper ends of the material channels are communicated with the carbonization section, and the lower ends of the material channels are communicated with the cooling section; the flue gas channel is the area that is located a plurality of material ways periphery in the activation section. According to the vertical coke oven, raw coal particles are used as raw materials, one-step carbonization and activation are realized through the vertical coke oven, the internal heat exchange efficiency of the coke oven is high, the layout is compact, the operation flexibility and the raw material adaptability of a coke making system are obviously improved, the yield of the coke oven is improved, and the coke making cost is reduced.

Description

Vertical coke oven and coke making system and method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, and particularly relates to a vertical coke oven and a coke making system and method thereof.

Background

Coal is a fuel and is also a cheap and easily-obtained raw material for preparing carbon materials, and the active coke for desulfurization and denitrification is prepared by taking coal as a raw material at present. The existing carbonization and activation equipment for preparing active coke is a horizontal rotary furnace and a vertical Stepler furnace, the horizontal rotary furnace realizes material turnover through the rotation of a furnace body according to a certain angle, so as to realize material carbonization and contact activation with an activating agent, but the horizontal rotary furnace has the problems of large occupied area, high investment cost, low temperature control precision and the like; the vertical stoker is characterized in that a material channel and a flue built by refractory materials are arranged in a staggered mode, the flue and the material channel are both thin-layer cuboid channels, the material channel is built by heat-resistant bricks, the cross section of a brick body occupies a large area, so that the furnace is large in size, in addition, the heat transfer performance of the heat-resistant bricks is poor, the starting and adjusting speed of a coke oven is slow, and the flexibility adjustment and the raw material adaptability cannot be realized.

The material channels and the flues of the vertical Stellen furnace are arranged in a staggered way, the furnace body is arranged in a square way, the flues and the material channels are both thin-layer cuboid channels, the width of the material channels is small, and the cross section ratio of the heat-resistant bricks is large, so that the size of the furnace body is large; the generation of the activated steam of the vertical Stellepu furnace is realized by switching the heat storage bricks of the left combustion chamber and the right combustion chamber, the process is complex, and the steam temperature is uncontrollable; the heat storage capacity of the Slapple furnace is large, the heat-resistant bricks can be started only by being heated to a certain temperature, the starting and stopping time of the furnace is very long, and the operation flexibility is poor; the Slapple furnace is produced aiming at fixed particles and specific operating parameters, and the adaptability of raw materials is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a vertical coke oven, which uses raw coal particles as a raw material, and realizes one-step carbonization and activation by the vertical coke oven, wherein the internal heat exchange efficiency of the coke oven is high, the layout is compact, the operation flexibility and the raw material adaptability of a coke making system are significantly improved, the yield of the coke oven is improved, and the coke making cost is reduced.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a coke making system.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of producing coke.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention provides a vertical coke oven, which comprises an oven body, wherein a carbonization section, an activation section and a cooling section which are communicated with each other are arranged in the oven body from top to bottom;

the carbonization section is provided with an air grid, the top of the carbonization section is communicated with a raw material inlet on the furnace body, and a gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body corresponding to the carbonization section;

a plurality of material channels, a flue gas channel and an activation steam grid are arranged in the activation section; the material channels are annular channels surrounded by silicon carbide plates; the upper ends of the material channels are communicated with the carbonization section, and the lower ends of the material channels are communicated with the cooling section; oxygen supplementing pipelines are arranged in the material channels; the flue gas channel is an area which is positioned at the periphery of the plurality of material channels in the activation section, and the flue gas channel is communicated with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; the activated steam grid is arranged at the bottoms of the material channels and is communicated with the material channels;

and a cooling pipe is arranged in the cooling section, and the cooling section is communicated with an active coke outlet on the furnace body.

In addition, the vertical coke oven according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

in some embodiments of the invention, a plurality of material channels and the inner wall of the furnace body are spaced.

In some embodiments of the invention, several lanes are distributed in a "field" shape within the activation section.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the gas outlet, the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are all disposed on the side wall of the furnace body, the flue gas inlet is disposed at the bottom of the activation section, and the flue gas outlet is disposed at the top of the activation section; the air grid is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section, and the gas outlet is arranged above the air grid.

In order to achieve the above purpose, a second aspect of the present invention provides a coke making system, which includes the vertical coke oven, a combustion furnace, a heat exchanger, an air preheater and a process water tank according to the embodiment of the present invention;

the gas outlet of the vertical coke oven is communicated with a gas processing unit, an induced draft fan and the inlet of the combustion furnace in sequence;

the flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the vertical coke oven, and the other path is communicated with the flue gas outlet pipeline of the vertical coke oven;

the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a flue gas outlet pipeline of the vertical coke oven, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is sequentially communicated with a flue gas side of the air preheater and a chimney;

the inlet of the air preheater is communicated with a blower; the outlet of the air preheater is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the air grid and the oxygen supplementing pipeline, and the other path is communicated with the inlet of the combustion furnace;

the process water tank is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; the first inlet is communicated with an outlet of the cooling pipe, the first outlet is communicated with an inlet of the cooling pipe, and the second outlet is sequentially communicated with a cold side of the heat exchanger, a heat exchange channel in the combustion furnace and the activated steam grid.

In some embodiments of the invention, the gas treatment unit comprises a scrubber and an electrical tar precipitator in serial communication; the inlet of the washing tower is communicated with the gas outlet of the vertical coke oven, and the outlet of the electric tar precipitator is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan.

In some embodiments of the invention, the coke making system further comprises a combustible gas storage tank; the inlet of the combustible gas storage tank is communicated with the outlet of the electric tar precipitator, and the outlet of the combustible gas storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan.

In some embodiments of the invention, the coke making system further comprises a first valve and a liquefied gas storage tank; the first valve is arranged on a communicating pipeline between a flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace and a flue gas outlet pipeline of the vertical coke oven; the outlet of the liquefied gas storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the combustion furnace.

In some embodiments of the invention, the process water tank further comprises a second inlet, and the second inlet is communicated with a water replenishing pump; a water feeding pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the second outlet and the cold side of the heat exchanger; and a circulating cooling pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the first outlet and the inlet of the cooling pipe.

In order to achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a coke making method, comprising

Controlling the furnace body to be in a negative pressure state;

raw coal particles enter a carbonization section, are heated and carbonized by mixed gas consisting of unreacted water vapor and water gas from an activation section, the mixed gas enters a gas treatment unit for purification, and the purified mixed gas provides combustible gas for a combustion furnace to generate water vapor and flue gas;

the carbonized material enters a material channel of an activation section, indirectly exchanges heat with part of smoke from a combustion furnace in a smoke channel, contacts with steam for activation, mixed gas consisting of unreacted steam and water gas enters the carbonization section from bottom to top, the smoke after heat exchange flows out of a furnace body and is converged with the other part of smoke from the combustion furnace, then the smoke is cooled by a heat exchanger and an air preheater and then enters a chimney, one part of air heated by the air preheater enters the combustion furnace, the other part of the air is divided into two paths, one path enters an air grid, the generation of tar is controlled while the heat is supplemented for the carbonization section, the tar is discharged out of the furnace body, and the other path enters an oxygen supplementing pipeline to supplement the air for supplementing the activation section with the self-combustion and activation heat of the material;

the activated active coke enters a cooling section, is cooled by process water and then is discharged, and the process water from the furnace body is continuously heated by a heat exchanger and a combustion furnace and then enters the combustion furnace.

In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the water vapor entering the furnace is 500-600 ℃ and the temperature of the mixed gas entering the gas treatment unit is 350-400 ℃.

The vertical coke oven of the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) High heat exchange efficiency, compact structure and high yield.

The material channel of the activation section is a silicon carbide plate, the plate strength is high, the heat transfer efficiency is high, the speed is high, the section occupation ratio of the silicon carbide plate in the furnace body space is small, the space utilization rate of the coke oven is high, the structure is compact, the occupied area is small, the investment cost is low, the yield is high, and the coke making cost is low.

(2) The heat storage capacity is small, and the operation flexibility is good.

The high-strength high-heat-transfer-coefficient silicon carbide plate is arranged in the coke oven and separates high-temperature flue gas from materials, and the silicon carbide plate is thin and high in heat exchange efficiency, so that the heat storage capacity of the coke oven is small, and the operation flexibility is very good.

(3) The carbonization section sets up the air grid pipeline, can control the preliminary oxidation of control tar, reduces tar stickness, reduces the tar and separates out and cohere the risk of material.

(4) The raw materials enter from the vertical coke oven and are continuously carbonized and activated to obtain the active coke particles, and the preparation process is simple.

The coke making system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects besides the beneficial effects of the vertical coke oven provided by the embodiment of the invention:

(1) The activation temperature is controllable, and the heat utilization efficiency is high.

The activated steam passes through the process flow of overheating of the cooling section of the coke oven, the heat exchanger, the combustion furnace and the flue in sequence, the waste heat of the activated coke and the high-temperature flue gas are fully utilized, the heat utilization efficiency of the system is high, and the temperature of the activated steam can be controlled and adjusted by adjusting the flow of the cold ends of the combustion furnace and the heat exchange equipment.

(2) The raw material adaptability of the coke oven is good.

Aiming at different coal types and coke making process parameters, the temperature of a furnace passage and the activation temperature of the coke oven can be quickly adjusted, and the adaptability of raw materials is good.

(3) And after the pyrolysis gas and the water gas are purified and collected, the combustion can be controlled.

Pyrolysis gas separated out from the carbonization section and water gas separated out from the activation section are discharged from the coke oven after heat exchange, are collected after purification, are used for heating and activating steam and generating high-temperature flue gas, and are controllable in combustion, and the heat distribution of the system can be adjusted.

(4) The gas outlet of the coke-making furnace is provided with a gas treatment unit, which is beneficial to the safe operation of the combustion furnace.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing the structure of a vertical coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a simplified horizontal cross-sectional view of an activation section of a vertical coke oven according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coke making system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-coke oven preparation; 101-furnace body; 102-a carbonization section; 103-an activation section; 104-a cooling section; 105-a feedstock inlet; 106-gas outlet; 107-flue gas inlet; 108-flue gas outlet; 109-active coke outlet; 2-a washing tower; 3-electrical tar precipitator; 4-a combustible gas storage tank, 5-a first valve; 6-liquefied gas storage tank; 7-a combustion furnace; 8-a heat exchanger; 9-an air preheater; 10-a blower; 11-a chimney; 12-a water replenishing pump; 13-a recirculating cooling pump; 14-a process water tank; 15-a feed pump; 16-material channel, 17-oxygen supplement pipeline; 18-an activated steam grid; 19-a cooling tube; 20-an induced draft fan; 21-an air grille; 22-flue gas channel; 23-silicon carbide plate.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The vertical coke oven, the coke making system and the coke making method of the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing the structure of a vertical coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical coke oven of the embodiment of the invention comprises an oven body 1, wherein a carbonization section 102, an activation section 103 and a cooling section 104 which are communicated with each other are arranged in the oven body 1 from top to bottom; the carbonization section 102 is provided with an air grid 21, the top of the carbonization section 102 is communicated with a raw material inlet 105 on the furnace body 1, and a gas outlet 106 is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 1 corresponding to the carbonization section 102; a plurality of material channels 16, a flue gas channel 22 and an activation steam grid 18 are arranged in the activation section 103; the material channels 16 are all annular channels surrounded by silicon carbide plates 23; the upper ends of the plurality of material channels 16 are communicated with the carbonization section 102, and the lower ends of the plurality of material channels 16 are communicated with the cooling section 104; a plurality of material channels 16 are internally provided with oxygen supplementing pipelines 17; the flue gas channel 22 is an area which is positioned at the periphery of the plurality of material channels 16 in the activation section 103, and the flue gas channel 22 is communicated with a flue gas inlet 107 and a flue gas outlet 108; the activated steam grid 18 is arranged at the bottom of the material channels 16 and is communicated with the material channels 16; the cooling section 104 is internally provided with a cooling pipe 19, and the cooling section 104 is communicated with an active coke outlet 109 on the furnace body 1.

The vertical coke oven of the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) High heat exchange efficiency, compact structure and high yield.

The material channel of the activation section is a silicon carbide plate, the plate strength is high, the heat transfer efficiency is high, the speed is high, the cross section of the silicon carbide plate in the furnace body space is small, the space utilization rate of the coke oven is high, the structure is compact, the occupied area is small, the investment cost is low, the yield is high, and the coke making cost is low.

(2) The heat storage capacity is small, and the operation flexibility is good.

The inside of system coke oven is high strength high heat transfer coefficient carborundum board, and it separates high temperature flue gas and material, and the carborundum board is thinner, and heat exchange efficiency is high simultaneously for the heat accumulation volume of system coke oven is little, and the operation flexibility is very good.

(3) The carbonization section sets up the air grid pipeline, can control the preliminary oxidation of control tar, reduces tar stickness, reduces the tar and separates out and cohere the risk of material.

(4) The raw materials enter from the vertical coke oven and are continuously carbonized and activated to obtain the active coke particles, and the preparation process is simple.

As a possible example, the raw material inlet 105 is arranged at the top of the furnace body, the active coke outlet 109 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the raw material inlet 105 is in a conical structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, and the active coke outlet 109 is in a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part. Optionally, a feed valve may be installed at the raw material inlet, and a discharge valve may be installed at the activated coke outlet, so as to facilitate the control of feeding and discharging.

As a possible example, spaces are reserved between the material channels 16 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and are used for forming the flue gas channel 22, so that the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas channel and each material channel have the largest contact area as possible, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Optionally, in some embodiments, the number of the material channels may be 1, 2, or 3, and at this time, it is only required to ensure that spaces are left between the plurality of material channels 16 and the inner wall of the furnace body 1. It can be understood that the more material channels, the more complex the processing, but the smaller the size of a single material channel, the less the material passes through, and the higher the heat exchange efficiency with the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas channel; the fewer the lanes, although easy to process, the corresponding reduction in heat exchange efficiency, so the number of lanes needs to be kept within a reasonable range. Optionally, in other embodiments, the number of the material channels is more than 4, and the material channels 16 are distributed in the activation section 103 in a shape of a "field", for example, as shown in fig. 2, the activation section is provided with 4 material channels, and the 4 material channels are distributed in a shape of a "field". Here, a plurality of material channels may be provided as required, and 4 adjacent material channels may form a "field" shape.

With regard to the connection structure of the activation section with the carbonization section and the cooling section, one possible example is: a first partition plate is arranged at a position between the carbonization section and the activation section in the furnace body, the periphery of the first partition plate is welded with the side wall in the furnace body, and a plurality of first mounting holes are formed in the first partition plate; each first mounting hole corresponds to one material channel and is communicated with the material channel (for example, coaxially arranged), and the top of the material channel is welded with the periphery of the corresponding first mounting hole on the first partition plate; the first partition plate may be a silicon carbide plate. A second partition plate is arranged at a position between the activation section and the cooling section in the furnace body, the periphery of the second partition plate is welded with the inner side wall of the furnace body, and a plurality of second mounting holes are formed in the second partition plate; each second mounting hole corresponds to one material channel and is communicated with the material channel (for example, coaxially arranged), and the bottom of the material channel is welded with the periphery of the corresponding second mounting hole on the second partition plate; the second partition plate may be a silicon carbide plate.

Optionally, the gas outlet 106, the flue gas inlet 107 and the flue gas outlet 108 are all arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 1, the flue gas inlet 107 is arranged at the bottom of the activation section 103, and the flue gas outlet 108 is arranged at the top of the activation section 103. When the device is used, high-temperature flue gas enters from a flue gas inlet at the bottom of the activation section, indirectly exchanges heat with materials in a flue gas channel at the outer side of the silicon carbide material channel, and finally is discharged out of the coke oven from a flue gas outlet at the upper part of the activation section. Optionally, an air grid 21 is provided at the bottom of the carbonisation segment 102 and a gas outlet 106 is provided above the air grid 21. Carbonization section bottom sets up the air grid pipeline, and its effect has three: 1, supplementing heat: supplementing a certain amount of air to ensure that the tar, the volatile matters and the water gas are primarily combusted to provide heat for the carbonization section; 2, controlling tar: tar is primarily oxidized to prevent bonding; 3, discharging the carried tar: the smoke generated after the supplementary air is combusted is easier to carry tar to be discharged. The gas outlet is arranged above the air grid, so that the supplemented air is easier to burn and then is discharged with tar.

Optionally, the activated steam grille 18 is disposed at the bottom of the plurality of material channels 16, and the steam nozzle faces one side of the material channel, and the steam nozzle is disposed at a position corresponding to the material channel, so as to ensure that steam only enters the material channel. It should be noted that the activated steam grid, the air grid and the oxygen supplementing grid can adopt the structure of the existing ammonia spraying grid. The steam of the activated steam grid 18 firstly enters the material channel 16 to contact with the material, then enters the carbonization section to directly contact with the material, and finally is discharged out of the coke oven from the gas outlet of the carbonization section.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the silicon carbide plate has a thickness of between 5-10 cm. And the silicon carbide plate is adopted, so that the heat exchange structure is simple and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

The operation method of the vertical coke oven of the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

raw coal particles sequentially pass through a carbonization section 102, an activation section 103 and a cooling section 104 of the coke oven from top to bottom, and finished active coke is discharged from the bottom of the coke oven; materials in the carbonization section 102 are heated by mixed gas formed by unreacted steam and water gas of the activation section 103, the materials in the activation section 103 flow in a material channel 16 surrounded by a silicon carbide plate 23, high-temperature flue gas flows in a flue gas channel 22 outside the material channel 16, the high-temperature flue gas and the materials indirectly exchange heat, the activated steam enters from the bottom of the activation section 103 and directly contacts and activates the materials, and an oxygen supplementing pipeline 17 is further arranged in a material layer of the activation section 103 to control the spontaneous combustion of the materials and supplement heat in the activation process.

As shown in fig. 3, the coke making system of the embodiment of the invention comprises a vertical coke oven 1, a combustion furnace 7, a heat exchanger 8, an air preheater 9 and a process water tank 14; wherein, the vertical coke oven adopts the vertical coke oven of the embodiment of the invention, a gas outlet 106 of the vertical coke oven 1 is communicated with a gas processing unit, an induced draft fan 20 and an inlet of a combustion furnace 7 in turn; the flue gas outlet 108 of the combustion furnace 7 is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the flue gas inlet 107 of the vertical coke oven 1, and the other path is communicated with the flue gas outlet 108 pipeline of the vertical coke oven 1; the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 8 is communicated with a flue gas outlet 108 pipeline of the vertical coke oven, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 8 is sequentially communicated with the flue gas side of the air preheater 9 and the chimney 11; the inlet of the air preheater 9 is communicated with a blower 10; the outlet of the air preheater 9 is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the inlet of the air grid 21 and the inlet of the oxygen supplementing pipeline 17, and the other path is communicated with the inlet of the combustion furnace 7; the process water tank 14 is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the cooling pipe 19, the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling pipe 19, and the second outlet is connected to the cold side of the heat exchanger 8, the heat exchange channel in the combustion furnace 7 and the activated steam grid 18 in sequence.

In the present invention, the composition of the gas treatment unit is not limited as long as it can purify the mixed gas (such as pyrolysis gas and water gas) containing tar, water vapor, etc. from the activation section and the carbonization section, which is discharged from the furnace body during the preparation of the activated coke. As a possible example, the gas treatment unit comprises a washing tower 2 and an electric tar precipitator 3 which are communicated in sequence through a pipeline and the like, wherein the inlet of the washing tower 2 is communicated with the gas outlet 106 of the vertical coke oven 1 through a pipeline and the like, and the outlet of the electric tar precipitator 3 is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan 20 through a pipeline and the like. A gas treatment unit is arranged at a gas outlet (namely a gas outlet) separated out from the coke oven, and mixed gas (such as pyrolysis gas and water gas) containing tar, water vapor and the like discharged from the coke oven is purified, so that the safe operation of a subsequent combustion furnace is facilitated.

Optionally, in order to store the purified mixed gas for convenient reuse, in some embodiments, the coke making system of the present invention further includes a combustible gas storage tank 4; the inlet of the combustible gas storage tank 4 is communicated with the outlet of the electrical tar precipitator 3, and the outlet of the combustible gas storage tank 4 is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan 20. The negative pressure in the coke oven body can be controlled by the induced draft fan, for example, the pressure range is controlled to be (-50) — (-100) Pa. Negative pressure operation in the stove, carbonization section also supplyes air, and steerable tar is preliminary oxidized, reduces the tar stickness, reduces the tar and separates out and cohere the risk of material, and then the risk of control tar jam is favorable to the vapor entering material way in the activation steam grid simultaneously.

Optionally, in order to control the flow of the high-temperature flue gas diverted to the flue gas channel, the coke making system further includes a first valve 5, and the first valve 5 is installed on a communicating pipeline between the flue gas outlet 108 of the combustion furnace 7 and the flue gas outlet 108 of the vertical coke oven. The first valve 5 may be a high temperature flapper valve or the like.

Optionally, the coke making system further comprises a liquefied gas storage tank 6 for a system starting heat source and a system heat supplementing heat source; an outlet of the liquefied gas storage tank 6 is communicated with an inlet of the combustion furnace 7 through a pipeline and the like.

Optionally, the process water tank 14 further includes a second inlet, and the second inlet is communicated with the water replenishing pump 12; a water feeding pump 15 is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the second outlet and the cold side of the heat exchanger 8; a circulation cooling pump 13 is installed on a communication line between the first outlet and the inlet of the cooling pipe 19.

Optionally, the inlet steam temperature of the activated steam grid 18 of the coke oven is controlled at 500-600 ℃; in order to prevent tar from condensing, the discharge temperature of the precipitated gas discharged from the gas outlet of the carbonization section is 350-400 ℃.

It should be noted that, valves may be installed on the corresponding communication lines of the present invention as needed to control the flow of the corresponding media.

The operation method of the coke making system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

as shown in fig. 3, raw coal particles sequentially pass through a carbonization section 102, an activation section 103 and a cooling section 104 of a coke oven from top to bottom, and finished active coke is discharged from the bottom of the coke oven; materials in the carbonization section 102 are heated by mixed gas formed by unreacted steam and water gas of the activation section 103, the materials in the activation section 103 flow in a material channel 16 surrounded by a silicon carbide plate 23, high-temperature flue gas flows in a flue gas channel 22 outside the material channel 16, the high-temperature flue gas and the materials indirectly exchange heat, the activated steam enters from the bottom of the activation section 103 and directly contacts and activates the materials, and an oxygen supplementing pipeline 17 is further arranged in a material layer of the activation section 103 to control the spontaneous combustion of the materials and supplement heat in the activation process.

The process water is firstly cooled by a circulating cooling pump 13, then continuously heated by a water feed pump 15 through a heat exchanger 8 and a combustion furnace 7, directly contacted and activated with materials through an activated steam grid 18, a small amount of air is supplemented by an oxygen supplementing pipeline 17 for supplementing activated heat by spontaneous combustion of the materials, and simultaneously the activated steam is heated to ensure the activation quality, mixed gas consisting of unreacted steam and water gas generated by activation is in countercurrent contact with the materials, and the mixed gas upwards enters a carbonization section, is discharged after being subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction with the materials in the carbonization section, is cooled, washed and purified by a washing tower 2, then enters an electric tar precipitator 3 for removing residual tar particles, is stored in a combustible gas storage tank 4, and provides combustible gas for the combustion furnace 7. One part of high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 7 enters a flue gas channel 22 of the activation section, and the other part of high-temperature flue gas is merged with the flue gas discharged by the activation section, then enters a heat side of a heat exchanger 8 to heat process water, then enters an air preheater 9 to heat air, and finally enters a chimney 11 to be discharged. One part of the air heated by the air preheater 9 enters the combustion furnace 7, the other part of the air enters the air grid 21 and the oxygen supplementing pipeline 17, and the air grid 21 supplements heat for the carbonization section 102 and simultaneously controls the generation of tar and carries the tar to be discharged out of the furnace body 1; the oxygen supply pipeline 17 supplies air to the activation section 103 for supplying activation heat for the spontaneous combustion of the materials.

As shown in fig. 3, the coke making method of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

(1) The draught fan 20 controls the interior of the furnace body 1 to be in a negative pressure state, for example, the pressure range is controlled to be (-50) - (-100) Pa.

(2) Raw coal particles enter a carbonization section 102, are heated and carbonized by mixed gas consisting of unreacted water vapor and water gas from an activation section 103, the mixed gas enters a gas treatment unit for purification, and the purified mixed gas provides combustible gas for a combustion furnace 7 to generate water vapor and flue gas.

(3) The carbonized material enters a material channel 16 of an activation section 103, indirectly exchanges heat with part of flue gas from a combustion furnace 7 in a flue gas channel 22, contacts with steam for activation, the mixed gas consisting of unreacted steam and water gas enters a carbonization section 102 from bottom to top, the heat exchanged flue gas flows out of a furnace body 1, is merged with the other part of flue gas from the combustion furnace 7, then is cooled by a heat exchanger 8 and an air preheater 9, then enters a chimney 11, one part of air heated by the air preheater 9 enters the combustion furnace 7, and the other part of air enters an air grid 21 and an oxygen supplementing pipeline 17; the air grid 21 supplements heat for the carbonization section 102, controls tar generation and carries the tar to be discharged out of the furnace body 1; the oxygen supply pipeline 17 supplies air to the activation section 103 for supplying activation heat for the spontaneous combustion of the materials.

(4) The activated active coke enters the cooling section 104, is cooled by process water and then is discharged, and the process water from the furnace body 1 enters the combustion furnace 7 after being continuously heated by the heat exchanger 8 and the combustion furnace 7.

Optionally, in some embodiments, the temperature of the steam entering the furnace 1 (i.e., the inlet of the activated steam grid 18) is controlled to be 500-600 ℃; the temperature of the mixed gas entering the gas treatment unit (namely the gas discharged from the gas outlet of the carbonization section) is controlled to be 350-400 ℃, so that tar can be prevented from being condensed.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A vertical coke oven is characterized by comprising an oven body, wherein a carbonization section, an activation section and a cooling section which are communicated with each other are arranged in the oven body from top to bottom;

the carbonization section is provided with an air grid, the top of the carbonization section is communicated with a raw material inlet on the furnace body, and a gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body corresponding to the carbonization section;

a plurality of material channels, a flue gas channel and an activation steam grid are arranged in the activation section; the material channels are annular channels surrounded by silicon carbide plates; the upper ends of the material channels are communicated with the carbonization section, and the lower ends of the material channels are communicated with the cooling section; oxygen supplementing pipelines are arranged in the material channels; the flue gas channel is an area which is positioned at the periphery of the plurality of material channels in the activation section and is communicated with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet; the activated steam grille is arranged at the bottoms of the material channels and is communicated with the material channels;

and a cooling pipe is arranged in the cooling section, and the cooling section is communicated with an active coke outlet on the furnace body.

2. The vertical coke oven according to claim 1, wherein spaces are left between the plurality of material channels and the inner wall of the oven body.

3. The vertical coke oven of claim 1, wherein a plurality of material paths are distributed in a "tian" pattern within the activation section.

4. The vertical coke oven of claim 1, wherein the gas outlet, the flue gas inlet, and the flue gas outlet are all disposed on a side wall of the oven body, the flue gas inlet is disposed at a bottom of the activation section, and the flue gas outlet is disposed at a top of the activation section; the air grid is arranged at the bottom of the carbonization section, and the gas outlet is arranged above the air grid.

5. A coke making system comprising the vertical coke oven of any one of claims 1 to 4, a combustion furnace, a heat exchanger, an air preheater and a process water tank;

the gas outlet of the vertical coke oven is communicated with a gas processing unit, an induced draft fan and the inlet of the combustion furnace in sequence;

the flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the vertical coke oven, and the other path is communicated with the flue gas outlet pipeline of the vertical coke oven;

the hot side inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a flue gas outlet pipeline of the vertical coke oven, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is sequentially communicated with a flue gas side of the air preheater and a chimney;

the inlet of the air preheater is communicated with a blower; the outlet of the air preheater is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the air grid and the oxygen supply pipeline, and the other path is communicated with the inlet of the combustion furnace;

the process water tank is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; the first inlet is communicated with an outlet of the cooling pipe, the first outlet is communicated with an inlet of the cooling pipe, and the second outlet is sequentially communicated with a cold side of the heat exchanger, a heat exchange channel in the combustion furnace and the activated steam grid.

6. The coke making system of claim 5, wherein the gas treatment unit comprises a scrubber and an electrical tar precipitator in serial communication; the inlet of the washing tower is communicated with the gas outlet of the vertical coke oven, and the outlet of the electric tar precipitator is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan.

7. The coke making system of claim 6, further comprising a combustible gas storage tank; the inlet of the combustible gas storage tank is communicated with the outlet of the electric tar precipitator, and the outlet of the combustible gas storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the induced draft fan.

8. The coke making system of claim 5, further comprising a first valve and a liquefied gas storage tank; the first valve is arranged on a communicating pipeline between a flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace and a flue gas outlet pipeline of the vertical coke oven; the outlet of the liquefied gas storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the combustion furnace.

9. The coke making system of claim 5, wherein the process water tank further comprises a second inlet, the second inlet being in communication with a make-up pump; a water feeding pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the second outlet and the cold side of the heat exchanger; and a circulating cooling pump is arranged on a communicating pipeline between the first outlet and the inlet of the cooling pipe.

10. A method of producing coke using the coke producing system of any one of claims 5 to 9, comprising

Controlling the furnace body to be in a negative pressure state;

raw coal particles enter a carbonization section, are heated and carbonized by mixed gas consisting of unreacted water vapor and water gas from an activation section, the mixed gas enters a gas treatment unit for purification, and the purified mixed gas provides combustible gas for a combustion furnace to generate water vapor and flue gas;

the carbonized material enters a material channel of an activation section, indirectly exchanges heat with part of smoke from a combustion furnace in a smoke channel, contacts with steam for activation, the smoke subjected to heat exchange flows out of a furnace body and is converged with the other part of smoke from the combustion furnace, then is cooled by a heat exchanger and an air preheater, and then enters a chimney;

the activated active coke enters a cooling section, is cooled by process water and then is discharged, and the process water from the furnace body is continuously heated by a heat exchanger and a combustion furnace and then enters the combustion furnace;

preferably, the temperature of the water vapor entering the furnace body is 500-600 ℃, and the temperature of the mixed gas entering the gas treatment unit is 350-400 ℃.

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