CN115959957A - Method for preparing gas generating agent composition by using waste basic copper nitrate and application - Google Patents
Method for preparing gas generating agent composition by using waste basic copper nitrate and application Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine Chemical compound NC1=NN=NN1 ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical group NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007908 dry granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 azines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003123 carboxymethyl cellulose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940063834 carboxymethylcellulose sodium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a gas generant composition by utilizing waste basic copper nitrate, which comprises the following steps: step one, mixing waste basic copper nitrate and a combustible agent; step two, adding an additive into the gas generating agent component to prepare a gas generating agent composition capable of generating gas; wherein: the flammable agent comprises one of tetrazolium salt or azosalt; the additive comprises an auxiliary oxidant and a binder; the oxygen balance of the gas generating agent composition is-0.2-0.05. The method utilizes the waste basic copper nitrate as a raw material to prepare the gas generating agent, fully utilizes the solid waste which is directly incinerated originally, reduces the waste of resources, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, has excellent performance of the prepared gas generating agent, can be widely used, and provides a reliable thought for the resource utilization of waste gas producing medicaments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dangerous solid waste utilization, in particular to a method for preparing a gas generating agent composition by utilizing waste basic copper nitrate and application thereof.
Background
The gas generating agent is a substance which can generate a large amount of gas after a combustible reaction in a special closed system, is a mixture consisting of a combustible agent, an oxidant and an additive (comprising a binder, a catalyst, a coolant, a combustion speed regulator and the like), and mainly completes special effects of power work, inflation buffering and the like. It originates from black powder, develops from double-base propellant and matures from pyrotechnic nitrogen-rich energetic materials.
With the rapid development of scientific technology and economic society, the number of vehicles such as automobiles and the like is increasing day by day, and the driving speed of the automobiles is also promoted based on the maturity of safety technology. In which the contribution of research and development of automotive airbags is not negligible. The core component of the automobile safety air bag is a gas generator, and the core component of the gas generator is a gas generating agent, namely a gas producing medicine. The safety airbag has the working principle that after a gas generator receives a pulse electrical signal, an electric ignition tube in an ignition system is triggered to detonate, ignition powder is ignited by heat generated by burning of initiating powder in the electric ignition tube, gas producing powder is ignited after the ignition powder is burnt, and a large amount of gas generated by burning of the gas producing powder fills an air bag, so that the damage to passengers is minimized.
Along with the improvement of the safety factor requirement of the self anti-collision system of people, the gas generating agent serving as the core of the passive safety system of the automobile is also continuously developed and advanced. Early gas generants for air bags used sodium azide as the fuel, but such generants have gradually exited the market due to the high toxicity of sodium azide and the instability during use.
At present, the non-azide gas generating agent used as a substitute for sodium azide is widely used. The research on non-azide gas generating agents has focused mainly on non-azides such as azoles, azines, guanidines, and azos as gas generating agents. Wherein, the guanidine gas production medicine has the characteristics of high chemical stability, large gas production, easy acquisition of raw materials and the like. Many current gas generants employ primarily basic copper nitrate/guanidine nitrate systems, i.e., basic copper nitrate and guanidine nitrate as the primary components.
The effective oxygen content of the Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN) is 30%, more oxygen can be provided for the combustion of the combustible agent, the excellent thermal stability of the Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN) enables the performance of the prepared gas generating agent to be stable, and the Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN) has the advantages of high gas production rate, low enthalpy of formation, small hygroscopicity, easiness in filtering of combustion residues and the like. And also improves ignition and combustion properties, so it has been widely used as an oxidizer.
In the industrial production, the gas-producing medicine of the safety airbag fails to be granulated and the product quality cannot meet the field standard, and a mixture of waste basic copper nitrate and guanidine nitrate is generated; meanwhile, in the production and storage of basic copper nitrate, there are problems of raw material quality and unstable quality due to improper treatment in the preparation process, so that the performance cannot be stably maintained for a long time, resulting in a large amount of waste basic copper nitrate.
Therefore, the basic copper nitrate discarded in industrial preparation is used as one of the components of the gas generating agent composition to prepare the gas generating agent with gas generating capacity, thereby realizing the recycling of waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a gas generating agent capable of generating gas by adding a combustible agent and an additive to waste basic copper nitrate.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a gas generant composition by utilizing waste basic copper nitrate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing waste basic copper nitrate and a combustible agent;
step two, adding an additive into the gas generating agent component to prepare a gas generating agent composition capable of generating gas;
wherein:
the flammable agent comprises one of tetrazolium salt or azosalt;
the additive comprises an auxiliary oxidant and a binder;
the oxygen balance of the gas generating agent composition is-0.2-0.05;
the gas generating agent composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
further, the specific components of the waste basic copper nitrate are as follows by mass percent:
further, the tetrazolium salt comprises 5-aminotetrazole.
Further, the azo salt is azodicarbonamide.
Further, the auxiliary oxidizer includes one or more of perchlorate and nitrate, the perchlorate includes ammonium perchlorate and potassium perchlorate, and the nitrate includes potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate.
Further, the binder is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyester, polyacrylate or phenolic resin.
Further, the preparation method of the gas generant composition comprises wet granulation and dry granulation.
Further, the specific preparation method of the dry granulation comprises the following steps:
step one, putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, selecting a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve, and repeatedly screening for 3-4 times to obtain a first material for later use;
step two, sieving the combustible agent through a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times after primary grinding, gradually adding the combustible agent into the first material for grinding for three times to obtain a second material;
step three, primarily grinding the auxiliary oxidant and the binder, sieving the ground auxiliary oxidant and the binder for 3 times through a 100-mesh sieve, adding the second material for three times, and grinding the mixture by using a mortar to obtain a third material;
step four, putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours to obtain a fourth material;
step five, the step fourThe fourth material is put into a self-made mould
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition.
The invention also provides a gas generant composition prepared by the method for preparing the gas generant composition by utilizing the waste basic copper nitrate.
The invention also provides application of the gas generating agent composition, and the gas generating agent composition is applied to the fields of pipeline cleaning and medium blasting.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the waste basic copper nitrate is used as the raw material to prepare the gas generating agent, the solid waste which is directly incinerated originally is fully utilized, the waste of resources is reduced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the prepared gas generating agent has excellent performance and wide application field, and a reliable thought is provided for the resource utilization of waste gas producing medicaments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure of a container and time in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings. The invention may be embodied in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, the embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
The application provides a method for preparing a gas generant composition by utilizing waste basic copper nitrate, which comprises the following steps: step one, mixing waste basic copper nitrate and a combustible agent; and step two, adding an additive into the gas generating agent component to prepare the gas generating agent composition capable of generating gas.
The basic copper nitrate accounts for 50-80% of the gas generating agent composition by mass and needs to be dried before mixing.
The combustible agent is equivalent to fuel required by combustion of the gas generating agent, generates a large amount of gas products during combustion, and is an important component of the gas generating agent; the component contains a nitrogen-containing compound, the nitrogen-containing compound comprises a tetrazole compound and an azo compound, and the mass percentage of the nitrogen-containing compound in the gas generating agent composition is 20-50%, and the most preferable proportion is 22-31%. The tetrazole compound is preferably 5-aminotetrazole which has high nitrogen content, no smoke or little smoke during combustion, high energy density and most of products of nitrogen; the azo compound is preferably azodicarbonamide, which is cheap, easily available, nontoxic and widely applicable, and has a large gas production rate.
The auxiliary oxidant is one or more of ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate, the content of the auxiliary oxidant is 5% -15% of the total amount of the gas generant composition, the perchlorate comprises ammonium perchlorate and potassium perchlorate, and the nitrate comprises potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate. The auxiliary oxidant is preferably ammonium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.
The binder comprises one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyester, polyacrylate and phenolic resin, the content of the binder is 1% -5% of the total amount of the gas generating agent, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is preferably used in an amount of 5%.
Preferably, the content of each component is 53-78% of the waste basic copper nitrate; 22 to 46 percent of flammable agent; 5-15% of auxiliary oxidant and 5% of binder.
In the above gas generating composition, the mass percentage of the waste basic copper nitrate may be, but is not limited to, 53%, 54%, 58%, 61%, 63%, 66%, 68%, 70%, 73%, 75%, 78%.
In the above gas generating composition, the mass percentage of the combustible substance when 5-aminotetrazole is used may be, but is not limited to, 22%, 25%, 26%, 29%, 31%, 33%, 36%, 38%, 41%, 46%, and 47%.
In the above gas generant composition, the mass percentage may be, but not limited to, 23%, 29%, 30%, 35%, 41%, 46% or 47% when azodicarbonyl is used as the combustible agent.
In the above gas generant composition, the mass percentage of the auxiliary oxidizer in the case of ammonium perchlorate may be, but not limited to, 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 9%, 11%.
In the above gas generant composition, the auxiliary oxidizer may be, but not limited to, potassium perchlorate in an amount of 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 or 11% by mass.
In the gas generating composition, the mass percentage of the auxiliary oxidizer selected from ammonium nitrate may be, but is not limited to, 3%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 10%.
In the above-mentioned gas generating composition, the auxiliary oxidizing agent may be potassium nitrate in an amount of, but not limited to, 3%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8% or 10% by mass.
In the gas generating composition, the binder may be sodium carboxymethylcellulose in an amount of, but not limited to, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by mass.
The components of the gas generant composition of the embodiments of the present application are desirably in the above-described content ranges with an oxygen balance 0B of-0.20 to +0.02, optionally an oxygen balance of-0.15 to 0, and further optionally 0, -0.15 to-0.07. In the above-described gas generant composition, the oxygen balance of the gas generant composition may be, but is not limited to, 0, -0.05, -0.07, -0.10, -0.15.
In the embodiment of the application, the particle size of the basic copper nitrate raw material is not more than 5 μm, the specific surface area is 1.0-8.0 m2/g, and 2.0-6.0 m2/g can be selected; the particle size D90 of the ammonium perchlorate is not more than 20 mu m; the nitrate has a particle size D90 of not more than 5 μm.
In one embodiment, the gas generant composition is comprised of waste basic copper nitrate, 5 aminotetrazole/azodicarbonamide, perchlorate/nitrate; the composition of the gas generating composition means the composition of the active ingredient, and impurities and moisture are inevitably introduced during the storage and mixing stages.
It should be noted that gas generant compositions are multi-fingered products that can be directly utilized in gas generators for automotive airbags, as is often the case, to provide a molding. For example, the gas generant composition may have a circular or oval sheet-like structure, a circular or oval columnar structure, a shaped sheet-like or columnar structure, a circular or oval single-pore structure, a circular or oval porous structure, or a shaped single-pore or porous structure. The present embodiment is based on the fact that an increased dose can be used in blasting.
In laboratory experiments, the diameter of the gas generating agent with a circular sheet structure is generally 3-15 mm, and the height is generally 2-5 mm; the diameter of the gas generating agent with a circular columnar structure is generally 3-15 mm, and the height is generally 5-15 mm; the inner diameter of the gas generating agent with a circular single-hole structure is generally 0.5-2.5 mm, the outer diameter is generally 3-15 mm, and the height is generally 3-15 mm; the inner diameter of the gas generating agent with an elliptical single-hole structure is generally 0.5 to 2.5mm, the major diameter is generally 3 to 20mm, the minor diameter is generally 2 to 12mm, and the height is generally 3 to 15mm.
In addition, the embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of the gas generating agent, which is mainly used for uniformly mixing and molding the raw materials.
In the embodiment of the application, the preparation method of the gas generant composition adopts dry granulation to prepare the gas generant composition; the preparation method of the dry granulation comprises the following steps:
step one, putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, selecting a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve, and repeatedly screening for 3-4 times to obtain a first material for later use;
step two, sieving the combustible agent through a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times after primary grinding, gradually adding the combustible agent into the first material for grinding for three times to obtain a second material;
step three, primarily grinding the auxiliary oxidant and the binder, sieving the ground auxiliary oxidant and the binder for 3 times through a 100-mesh sieve, adding the second material for three times, and grinding the mixture by using a mortar to obtain a third material;
step four, putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours to obtain a fourth material;
step five, putting the fourth material into a self-made mold
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition.
The preparation method of the gas generating agent composition can use a mixer to mix in the first step, and the mixing time is more than 30min.
The present example provides a gas generating composition which is produced by the above-mentioned method for producing basic copper nitrate and can be molded into a desired shape, for example, a single-hole cylindrical shape, a porous cylindrical shape, or a granular (sheet) shape, or can be directly filled in a powder form for use.
The embodiment also provides an application of the gas generating agent composition, and the gas generating agent composition is applied to the fields of pipeline cleaning and medium blasting, such as: the coal mine filter is used for increasing the lump coal rate, cleaning the blockage of a coal bunker opening, performing crushing, permeability increasing or cracking on media such as coal, rocks and the like, cleaning pipelines, cleaning the wall of a storage tank and the like.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
This example provides a gas generant composition in the form of a 6mm diameter, 10mm thick column composed of waste basic copper nitrate, 5-aminotetrazole as a combustible agent, ammonium perchlorate and potassium nitrate as auxiliary oxidants, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a binder. 49% of waste basic copper nitrate, 32.51% of 5-aminotetrazole, 8.4% of ammonium perchlorate, 7.09% of potassium nitrate and 3% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The gas generant composition has an oxygen balance of about 0.
The preparation process of the gas generating agent comprises the following steps:
putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and then screening for 3-4 times by a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve to obtain a first material; primarily grinding the combustible agent 5-aminotetrazole by using a mortar, sieving the ground material by using a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times, grinding and edging the ground material for three times, and adding the ground material into the first material to obtain a second material; respectively primarily grinding auxiliary oxidants of ammonium perchlorate, potassium nitrate and binder carboxymethylcellulose sodium, and then passing through a grinding machine 3Sieving with 100 mesh sieve, adding the second material for three times, and grinding to obtain a third material; putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours to obtain a fourth material; putting the fourth material into a self-made mold
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition.
Example 2
This example provides a gas generant composition in the form of a 6mm diameter, 10mm thick column composed of waste basic copper nitrate, 5-aminotetrazole as a combustible agent, potassium perchlorate and ammonium nitrate as auxiliary oxidizers, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a binder. 48 percent of waste basic copper nitrate, 32.52 percent of 5-aminotetrazole, 11.08 percent of potassium perchlorate, 6.4 percent of ammonium nitrate and 2 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The gas generant composition has an oxygen balance of about 0.
The preparation process of the gas generating agent comprises the following steps:
putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and then screening for 3-4 times by a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve to obtain a first material; primarily grinding the 5-aminotetrazole combustible agent by using a mortar, sieving the ground material by using a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times, grinding and edging the ground material for three times, and adding the ground material into the first material to obtain a second material; primarily grinding the auxiliary oxidants of potassium perchlorate and ammonium nitrate and the binder of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose respectively, sieving the ground materials for 3 times by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the second material for three times, and grinding the materials to obtain a third material; putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours to obtain a fourth material; putting the fourth material into a self-made mold
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition. />
Example 3
This example provides a gas generant composition in the form of a 6mm diameter, 10mm thick column composed of waste basic copper nitrate, the flammable agent azodicarbonamide, the auxiliary oxidizers ammonium perchlorate and ammonium nitrate, and the binder sodium carboxymethylcellulose. According to the mass percentage, the waste basic copper nitrate is 50 percent, the azodicarbonamide is 34.49 percent, the ammonium perchlorate is 7.96 percent, the ammonium nitrate is 6.1 percent, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1 percent. The gas generant composition has an oxygen balance of about 0.
The preparation process of the gas generating agent comprises the following steps:
putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and then screening 3-4 times by a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve to obtain a first material; preliminarily grinding the combustible azodicarbonamide by using a mortar, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times, grinding and edging for three times, and adding the ground and edged into the first material to obtain a second material; respectively primarily grinding auxiliary oxidants of ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder, sieving the ground materials for 3 times by a 100-mesh sieve, adding a second material for three times, and grinding the materials to obtain a third material; putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours to obtain a fourth material; putting the fourth material into a self-made mold
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition.
Example 4
This example provides a gas generant composition in the form of a 6mm diameter, 10mm thick column composed of waste basic copper nitrate, azodicarbonamide, potassium perchlorate and nitrate as auxiliary oxidants, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a binder. According to mass percentage, the waste basic copper nitrate is 50 percent, the azodicarbonamide is 37.49 percent, the potassium perchlorate is 5.37 percent, the potassium nitrate is 5.38 percent, and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 2 percent. The gas generant composition has an oxygen balance of about 0.
The preparation process of the gas generating agent comprises the following steps:
putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, and then screening 3-4 times by a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve to obtain a first material; preliminarily grinding the combustible azodicarbonamide by using a mortar, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times, grinding and edging for three times, and adding the ground and edged into the first material to obtain a second material; will assistRespectively primarily grinding potassium perchlorate and potassium nitrate as oxidants and carboxymethylcellulose sodium as binder, sieving with 100-mesh sieve for 3 times, adding the second material for three times, and grinding to obtain a third material; putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours to obtain a fourth material; putting the fourth material into a self-made mold
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition.
Examples 1-4 the pressure change during constant volume combustion of this example was investigated using a closed explosion device, as shown in fig. 1.
TABLE 1
Note: BCN, KP, AP and KN are respectively basic copper nitrate, potassium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate and potassium nitrate.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 4 and table 1 above, example 1 has a short ignition delay time and the best ignition performance; the maximum pressure value in example 2 is the highest, and the combustion pressure average rising speed value is the largest, so that it can be inferred that the combustion speed is the fastest. The method utilizes the waste basic copper nitrate as a raw material to prepare the gas generating agent, fully utilizes the solid waste which is directly incinerated originally, reduces the waste of resources, saves energy, protects environment, and ensures that the prepared gas generating agent has excellent performance. Provides a reliable idea for resource utilization of waste gas producing medicaments.
In the above embodiments, all functions may be implemented, or a part of the functions may be implemented as necessary.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a gas generant composition by utilizing waste basic copper nitrate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing waste basic copper nitrate and a combustible agent;
step two, adding an additive into the gas generating agent component to prepare a gas generating agent composition capable of generating gas;
wherein:
the flammable agent comprises one of tetrazolium salt or azosalt;
the additive comprises an auxiliary oxidant and a binder;
the oxygen balance of the gas generating agent composition is-0.2-0.05;
the gas generating agent composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the method for preparing a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising the steps of: the waste basic copper nitrate comprises the following specific components in percentage by mass:
3. the method for preparing a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising the steps of: the tetrazolium salt comprises 5-aminotetrazole.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the waste basic copper nitrate is used to produce a gas generant composition, the method comprising: the azo salt is azodicarbonamide.
5. The method for preparing a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising the steps of: the auxiliary oxidizer comprises one or more of perchlorate and nitrate, the perchlorate comprises ammonium perchlorate and potassium perchlorate, and the nitrate comprises potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate.
6. The method for preparing a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising the steps of: the binder is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyester, polyacrylate or phenolic resin.
7. The method for preparing a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising the steps of: the preparation method of the gas generant composition comprises wet granulation and dry granulation.
8. The method for preparing a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 1 further comprising the steps of:
the preparation method of the dry granulation comprises the following steps:
step one, putting the waste basic copper nitrate into a ball mill for grinding and crushing, selecting a 100-mesh (150 um) manual sieve, and repeatedly screening for 3-4 times to obtain a first material for later use;
step two, sieving the combustible agent through a 100-mesh sieve for 3 times after primary grinding, gradually adding the combustible agent into the first material for grinding for three times to obtain a second material;
step three, primarily grinding the auxiliary oxidant and the binder, then sieving the ground auxiliary oxidant and the binder for 3 times through a 100-mesh sieve, adding the second material for three times, and grinding the mixture by using a mortar to obtain a third material;
step four, putting the third material into a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃, and performing vacuum drying for 12 hours to obtain a fourth material;
step five, putting the fourth material in the step four into a self-made mold
The mixture was pelletized by a hand hydraulic press to obtain a molded gas generant composition.
9. A gas generant composition, characterized by: the method for preparing the basic copper nitrate through the waste of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a gas generant composition in accordance with claim 9 wherein: the gas generating agent composition is applied to the fields of pipeline cleaning and medium blasting.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1556782A (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-12-22 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generant composition |
| CN1609080A (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-27 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generating composition |
| CN1651360A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2005-08-10 | 张根发 | Gas producing composition and its preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1556782A (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-12-22 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generant composition |
| CN1609080A (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-27 | 大赛璐化学工业株式会社 | Gas generating composition |
| CN1651360A (en) * | 2005-03-28 | 2005-08-10 | 张根发 | Gas producing composition and its preparation method |
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