CN115959908B - Method and device for uniformly growing graphene in carbon sliding block - Google Patents
Method and device for uniformly growing graphene in carbon sliding block Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon sliding block, comprising the following steps of: preparing a carbon slide block, carrying out discharging flash burning on the carbon slide block, and sintering the slide block after the flash burning. Through the flash firing step, graphene can uniformly grow in the carbon matrix, so that compared with the method of directly adding graphene into the carbon matrix in the preparation process, the method solves the problem of poor dispersibility of graphene in the carbon matrix. After sintering, the graphene grown in the carbon matrix can better connect the carbon matrix together to form a complete carbon/graphite_graphene_carbon/graphite structure, so that the compression resistance, the breaking strength and the heat conduction performance of the carbon sliding block are improved. The method is economical and convenient, and has low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of graphene carbon-based composite materials, in particular to a method and a device for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon sliding block.
Background
Graphene is a single-atom two-dimensional flaky material with a hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms, has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, lubricity and mechanical properties, and becomes an excellent additive for a plurality of materials. The carbon sliding block is mainly applied to a pantograph sliding plate in a high-speed rail pantograph net system, the pantograph sliding plate is a core component for acquiring energy of a train, the pantograph sliding plate needs to have good electric conductivity, heat conductivity and mechanical properties to work normally under the condition of high-speed running of the train, and the preparation of the carbon sliding plate material with good properties has important significance. After a very small amount of graphene is added in the process of preparing the carbon slide plate matrix, the electrical performance and the mechanical performance of the slide plate are improved to a certain extent. However, graphene is used as a flaky nano material, an agglomeration phenomenon is easy to generate in a matrix, the optimal effect of graphene modification cannot be achieved, and the preparation of the carbon sliding plate with uniformly dispersed graphene has important effects and values.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon sliding block, so as to solve the problem of uneven dispersion of graphene in a carbon sliding block matrix.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preparing a carbon sliding block;
step 2, carrying out discharge flash firing on the carbon slide block;
and step 3, sintering the slide block after flash sintering.
Further:
the method for preparing the carbon sliding block in the step 1 comprises the following steps: raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, sieving, kneading, rolling, crushing and sieving, and pressing the sieved powder into blocks with a hydraulic press. The size of the pressed sliding block is 100 mm by 35 mm by 20mm. Adding warm asphalt as a binder in the raw material mixing process, wherein the mass ratio of asphalt coke to warm asphalt is 3:1, the raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black can be well bonded together by the adhesive, so that the tightness of the material is improved.
The method for carrying out discharge flash firing on the carbon slide block in the step 2 comprises the following steps: and placing the prepared carbon slide block into a flash cavity, adjusting the voltage of the capacitor assembly to discharge the carbon slide block and flash for 500-1000ms, wherein different flash time can lead to different graphene contents in the carbon matrix, and uniformly dispersed graphene can be generated in the carbon matrix after the flash is finished.
The step 3 is a method for sintering the sliding block after the flash sintering, which comprises the step of placing the sliding block after the flash sintering into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering. Specifically, the prepared slide block is placed in a flash cavity, the voltage of a capacitor assembly is adjusted to carry out discharge flash on the carbon slide block, and the capacitance voltage is adjusted to be 400-450 v. The on time of the relay switch is controlled by adjusting the output waveform of the signal generator to be a pulse wave line, so as to control the discharge time to be 500-1000 ms. The vacuum environment is kept during sintering, the raw materials and the graphene are prevented from being oxidized to reduce the performance of the carbon matrix, and the sintering time is 5-7 days.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: petroleum coke and carbon black in a carbon sliding block matrix are raw materials with very rich carbon content, the carbon matrix is discharged in a very short time through a capacitor assembly, a transient high current flows in the carbon matrix, the current can enable the carbon matrix to generate a very high temperature, after the carbon matrix is subjected to transient high-temperature thermal annealing, chemical bonds around carbon atoms in the carbon matrix can be disturbed, and then uniformly dispersed graphene is generated by recombination.
Further, the step of sintering the flash-burned slide block comprises the step of placing the flash-burned slide block into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering. After sintering, a large amount of gas in the carbon matrix is discharged, so that the tightness degree of the carbon matrix is improved, and the graphene generated by flash firing can enable asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black to be better connected together, so that a complete carbon/graphite_graphene_carbon/graphite structure is generated, and the tightness degree of the carbon matrix is further improved. Due to the introduction of graphene in the carbon matrix, the electric conductivity, the heat conductivity and the mechanical property of the carbon matrix can be improved.
There is also provided an apparatus for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider for use in the method, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a cuboid flash cavity, a capacitor assembly, a capacitor charging assembly, a capacitor discharging assembly and a direct current power supply. The rectangular flash firing cavity is a box body formed by five acrylic glass plates, the top surface of the box body is not closed, the first round copper electrode and the second round copper electrode are respectively arranged on the acrylic glass plates on the two sides, and the first round copper electrode and the second round copper electrode are respectively connected with the two ends of the capacitor component; the internal size of the cuboid flash-burning cavity is 100 mm by 35 mm by 20mm, and the thickness of each acrylic glass plate is 3mm;
the capacitor assembly comprises a plurality of electrolytic capacitors connected in parallel and a diode connected in anti-parallel;
the capacitor charging assembly comprises a direct current power supply, a resistor and a push switch which are sequentially connected with the capacitor assembly; the rated voltage of the direct current power supply is 800v, the power supply charges the capacitor through the resistor by pressing the switch, and the charging is stopped by releasing the switch.
The capacitor discharging assembly comprises a signal generator, a millisecond relay switch and a direct current contactor which are connected in sequence; the direct current contactor is connected to the first round copper electrode; the millisecond relay switch is provided with a switching power supply. The relay switch is powered by the switching power supply, the output of the adjusting signal generator is a pulse waveform, the width of the pulse waveform is adjusted to control the on time of the relay, and meanwhile, the relay switch controls the communication of the direct current contactor, so that the discharging time in the flash burning process is controlled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a cuboid flash firing cavity; 2. a capacitor assembly; 11. a first circular copper electrode; 12. a second circular copper electrode; 21. an electrolytic capacitor; 22. a diode; 23. a direct current power supply; 24. a resistor; 25. a push switch; 26. a signal generator; 27. a millisecond relay switch; 28. a DC contactor; 29. and a switching power supply.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of a carbon slider prepared.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described by combining the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider includes: the device comprises a cuboid flash chamber 1, a capacitor assembly 2, a capacitor charging assembly, a capacitor discharging assembly and a direct current power supply. The rectangular flash-burning cavity 1 is a box body formed by five acrylic glass plates, the top surface of the box body is not closed, the first round copper electrode 11 and the second round copper electrode 12 are respectively arranged on the acrylic glass plates on the two sides, and the first round copper electrode 11 and the second round copper electrode 12 are respectively connected with the two ends of the capacitor component 2; the internal size of the cuboid flash chamber 1 is 100 x 35 x 20mm, and the thickness of each acrylic glass plate is 3mm;
the capacitor assembly 2 includes a plurality of electrolytic capacitors 21 connected in parallel and one diode 22 connected in anti-parallel;
the capacitor charging assembly comprises a direct current power supply 23, a resistor 24 and a push switch 25 which are sequentially connected with the capacitor assembly 2;
the capacitor discharging assembly comprises a signal generator 26, a millisecond relay switch 27 and a direct current contactor 28 which are connected in sequence; the direct current contactor 28 is connected to the first circular copper electrode 11; the millisecond relay switch 27 is provided with a switching power supply 29.
The following preparation process is carried out by adopting the device:
example 1
(1) Raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, screening, kneading, rolling, crushing and screening, wherein warm asphalt is added as a binder in the raw material kneading process, and the mass ratio of asphalt coke to warm asphalt is 3:1, and then compacting the sieved powder into a block by a hydraulic press.
(2) And placing the pressed sliding block into a flash cavity, charging the capacitor component to 400v by pressing the switch, regulating the output of the signal generator to be a pulse waveform, starting to flash the carbon sliding block by opening the switching power supply, wherein the pulse width is 500ms, and the flash time is 500ms.
(3) And (3) placing the slide block after flash firing into a high-temperature sintering furnace, vacuumizing the sintering furnace, and sintering for 5 days at 1000 ℃.
Example 2
(1) Raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, screening, kneading, rolling, crushing and screening, wherein warm asphalt is added as a binder in the raw material kneading process, and the mass ratio of asphalt coke to warm asphalt is 3:1, and then compacting the sieved powder into a block by a hydraulic press.
(2) And placing the pressed sliding block into a flash cavity, charging the capacitor component to 400v by pressing a switch, regulating the output of the signal generator to be a pulse waveform, starting to flash the carbon sliding block by opening a switching power supply, wherein the flash time is 750ms.
(3) And (3) placing the slide block after flash firing into a high-temperature sintering furnace, vacuumizing the sintering furnace, and sintering for 5 days at 1000 ℃.
Example 3
(1) Raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, screening, kneading, rolling, crushing and screening, wherein warm asphalt is added as a binder in the raw material kneading process, and the mass ratio of asphalt coke to warm asphalt is 3:1, and then compacting the sieved powder into a block by a hydraulic press.
(2) And placing the pressed sliding block into a flash cavity, charging the capacitor component to 400v by pressing the switch, regulating the output of the signal generator to be a pulse waveform, starting to flash the carbon sliding block by opening the switching power supply, wherein the pulse width is 1000ms, and the flash time is 1000ms.
(3) And (3) placing the slide block after flash firing into a high-temperature sintering furnace, vacuumizing the sintering furnace, and sintering for 5 days at 1000 ℃.
A schematic of the microstructure of the carbon slider prepared is shown in fig. 2.
Comparative example 1
(1) Raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, sieving, kneading, rolling, crushing and sieving, and pressing the sieved powder into blocks with a hydraulic press.
(2) And placing the slide block obtained by pressing into a high-temperature sintering furnace, vacuumizing the sintering furnace, and sintering for 5 days at 1000 ℃.
Comparative example 2
(1) Raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, screening and kneading in sequence, adding 0.5wt% of graphene in the kneading process, (the graphene is purchased through the market and is uniformly dispersed through ultrasonic), then rolling, crushing and screening, and pressing the screened powder into blocks by a hydraulic press.
(2) And placing the slide block obtained by pressing into a high-temperature sintering furnace, vacuumizing the sintering furnace, and sintering for 5 days at 1000 ℃.
The sliders prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance test, and the results are shown in Table 1
Table 1 slider performance test
As can be seen from table 1, in comparative example 1, the carbon matrix was directly pressed into a block and then sintered, and graphene was not introduced, so that the properties thereof were the lowest compared with the other two; in the comparative example 2, graphene purchased in the market is added in the kneading process, and various performances of the graphene are improved to a certain extent compared with those of the comparative example 1, but the performances of the graphene are far lower than those of the examples 1, 2 and 3, because the graphene can generate agglomeration phenomenon in a carbon matrix, and the performance improvement is not obvious; embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of the apparatus and method for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider according to the present invention have the best mechanical and electrical properties because uniformly dispersed graphene is generated in a carbon matrix to form a complete carbon/graphite_graphene_carbon/graphite structure. In the three embodiments, the content of graphene in the carbon slider is different due to the fact that the control pulse time and the control flash time are different, the content of graphene is increased along with the increase of the flash time, and in the three sets of embodiments, the performances of embodiment 2 are obviously better than those of embodiments 1 and 3, because the content of graphene in embodiment 1 is smaller, and in embodiment 3, the graphitization of a carbon source in the carbon slider is caused due to the fact that the flash time is too long and the energy change rate is too low, so that the performances of a carbon matrix are reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preparing a carbon sliding block;
the method for preparing the carbon slide block comprises the following steps: raw materials of asphalt coke, petroleum coke and carbon black are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:2, crushing, sieving, kneading, rolling, crushing and sieving, and pressing the sieved powder into blocks by a hydraulic press;
adding warm asphalt as a binder in the raw material mixing process, wherein the mass ratio of asphalt coke to warm asphalt is 3:1, a step of;
step 2, carrying out discharge flash firing on the carbon slide block;
device of evenly growing graphene in adopting carbon slider is put to the carbon slider and is flash-burned, the device include: the device comprises a cuboid flash chamber (1), a capacitor assembly (2), a capacitor charging assembly and a capacitor discharging assembly; the cuboid flash firing cavity (1) is a box body formed by five acrylic glass plates, the top surface of the box body is not sealed, a first round copper electrode (11) and a second round copper electrode (12) are respectively arranged on the acrylic glass plates on two sides, and the first round copper electrode (11) and the second round copper electrode (12) are respectively connected with two ends of the capacitor assembly (2);
the capacitor assembly (2) comprises a plurality of electrolytic capacitors (21) connected in parallel and a diode (22) connected in anti-parallel;
the capacitor charging assembly comprises a direct current power supply (23), a resistor (24) and a push switch (25) which are sequentially connected with the capacitor assembly (2);
the capacitor discharging assembly comprises a signal generator (26), a millisecond relay switch (27) and a direct current contactor (28) which are connected in sequence; the direct current contactor (28) is connected to the first round copper electrode (11); a switching power supply (29) is arranged on the millisecond relay switch (27);
placing the prepared carbon slide block into the cuboid flash-burning cavity (1), adjusting the voltage of the capacitor component (2) to discharge and flash the carbon slide block, wherein the flash time is 500-1000ms, the different flash times can lead to different graphene contents in a carbon matrix, and uniformly dispersed graphene is generated in the carbon matrix after the flash is finished;
step 3, sintering the slide block after flash sintering;
placing the sliding block after flash firing into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering; and (5) maintaining a vacuum environment during sintering, wherein the sintering time is 5-7 days.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressed slider has a dimension of 100 x 35 x 20mm.
3. The method for uniformly growing graphene in a carbon slider according to claim 1, wherein the internal dimension of the cuboid flash chamber (1) is 100 x 35 x 20mm, and the thickness of each acrylic glass plate is 3mm.
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| CN104649700A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 | Carbon contact strip of pantograph and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105272254A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-27 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of pantograph carbon contact strip material |
| CN106699181A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-24 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing pantograph carbon slide strip material from graphene oxide |
| CN107805070A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-16 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of graphene carbon slide plate |
| JP2019136727A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-22 | 品川リフラクトリーズ株式会社 | Zirconia-containing alumina-carbonaceous slide plate refractory |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107839487B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-12-06 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Novel high-performance repairable pantograph slide plate of electric locomotive and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104649700A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 | Carbon contact strip of pantograph and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105272254A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-27 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of pantograph carbon contact strip material |
| CN106699181A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-24 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing pantograph carbon slide strip material from graphene oxide |
| CN107805070A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-16 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of graphene carbon slide plate |
| JP2019136727A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-22 | 品川リフラクトリーズ株式会社 | Zirconia-containing alumina-carbonaceous slide plate refractory |
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