CN115959800A - Coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method - Google Patents

Coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method Download PDF

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CN115959800A
CN115959800A CN202211695680.4A CN202211695680A CN115959800A CN 115959800 A CN115959800 A CN 115959800A CN 202211695680 A CN202211695680 A CN 202211695680A CN 115959800 A CN115959800 A CN 115959800A
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wastewater
tank
coffee
primary processing
water
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黄建洪
黄玥娜
谢鑫
杨顺富
程明豪
田森林
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method, which comprises the following steps: removing peel of the soaked fresh coffee fruits, and allowing the wastewater to flow into an adjusting tank to adjust the pH; adding pectinase into the air floatation tank; entering an A/O pool for denitrification and dephosphorization; the effluent enters an MBR tank for chemical phosphorus removal, solid-liquid separation is completed through membrane filtration, and the effluent flows into a buffer tank and enters a disinfection tank for disinfection and then is discharged after reaching the standard; the sludge is dewatered by a dewatering machine, and the mud cakes are transported outside. According to the invention, the flocculant and the pectinase are added into the air flotation tank to remove pectin in the wastewater before the wastewater is not fermented, so that the treatment difficulty of the coffee primary processing wastewater is reduced, and the cost can be saved; and then, a biochemical process is debugged, and the wastewater is treated by combining the A/O with the MBR process, so that nitrogen and phosphorus can be effectively removed and pollutants can be effectively removed, and the quality of the effluent water stably meets the discharge requirement.

Description

Coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method.
Background
According to the existing data, the production area of the green coffee beans in China is mainly located in Yunnan province, the occupation ratio is about 98.5%, and the yield in 2022 years and 2 months is about 1.33 ten thousand tons. The primary processing technology of coffee comprises a semi-wet method, a full-wet method, a dry method and the like, wherein the waste water amount of the full-wet method is the largest, and 5-10 tons of waste water can be discharged when 1 ton of fresh coffee is treated. At present, semi-wet method and water control wet method processes are mainly used in Yunnan province, and a large amount of waste water and waste residues are generated in the primary processing process.
The waste water is mainly from the working procedures of mechanical peeling, degumming and soaking and cleaning, and a large amount of fruit juice, pectin and pulp are mixed, so that the coffee primary processing waste water becomes high-concentration organic waste water, and the waste water has the characteristics of high organic pollutant concentration, high chromaticity, high acidity, difficult degradation, difficult purification and the like, and is extremely easy to ferment, acidify and smell, so that the treatment of the coffee primary processing waste water has certain difficulty, particularly the treatment of the pectin. If the sewage is not purified, the pollution index is far greater than the discharge requirement of Integrated wastewater discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996), and the direct discharge can destroy the ecosystem, cause water quality deterioration, and have great influence on environmental safety and human and animal safety. The coffee primary processing wastewater contains a large amount of pectin, and if the pectin can be effectively treated, the quality of the wastewater can be improved, and the pectin can be recycled.
At present, no generally accepted ideal method for treating the problem of the coffee primary processing wastewater exists. For example, a method for preparing a denitrification carbon source by using coffee pectin (CN 114873723A) proposes flocculating and precipitating coffee wastewater containing pectin to obtain a coffee pectin concentrated solution, then adding pectinase, and centrifugally separating coffee hydrolysate to obtain the denitrification carbon source. A method for treating coffee primary processing wastewater (CN 111410362A) proposes a method for treating coffee wastewater by combining a superfine filter screen, a regulating tank, a stacked spiral pectin removing machine, an anaerobic reaction, an air flotation system, hydrolysis acidification, an A/O biochemical reaction and ozone strong oxidation advanced treatment. These methods are limited to the treatment of coffee primary wastewater, and no method for effectively treating pectin is proposed, so that it is necessary to find a method capable of efficiently treating coffee primary wastewater and pectin.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a method for treating coffee primary processing wastewater is proposed herein.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs a method for treating the coffee primary processing wastewater, which removes pectin in the wastewater before the wastewater is not fermented, reduces the treatment difficulty of the coffee primary processing wastewater and saves the cost; can effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus and pollutants, and ensure that the water quality of the effluent stably meets the discharge requirement.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step1: according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: washing fresh coffee fruits with water at 8-9.5 g/ml, soaking in water at 25-30 ℃ for 10-15 h, and separating and vibrating by using an inclined sieve to remove most of peels;
step2: treating soaking and cleaning water and peeling wastewater in a regulating tank, then feeding the treated water and the peeling wastewater into an air flotation tank, adding a flocculating agent and pectinase, and performing enzymolysis for 5-8 hours at 50-60 ℃;
step3: and (3) performing nitrogen and phosphorus removal on air floatation effluent by adopting an A/O combined MBR process, discharging the wastewater after reaching the standard after disinfection, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
Further, the inclined sieve used in Step1 is a shell solid-liquid separation vibrating inclined sieve, and the generation amount of foul solution is more than or equal to 45m 3 The residue removal rate of the shell scraps is more than 90 percent.
Further, naOH is added into an adjusting tank in Step2, the pH value is adjusted to 8.5-9.0, and pre-aeration is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting tank.
Further, the flocculating agents in Step2 are PAC and PAM, the ratio of the PAC dosage to the wastewater is 250-350 mg/L, and the ratio of the PAM dosage to the wastewater is 30-40 mg/L.
Furthermore, the pectinase in Step2 is food grade, the enzyme activity is more than or equal to 6000U/ml, and the addition amount is 2-6%.
Further, adding activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant for inoculation and domestication before starting the A/O pool in Step 3; the interior of the anoxic tank is filled with nitrifying liquid.
Furthermore, a chemical dosing and phosphorus removal device is arranged in the MBR tank in Step3, aluminum sulfate is selected as a medicament, and the feeding position is located at the front end water inlet position of the MBR tank.
Further, clO is adopted as a medicine for wastewater disinfection in Step3 2 ,ClO 2 The dosage of (A) is 5-10 mg/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the invention, when the coffee primary processing wastewater is treated, firstly soaking is considered to remove peel, and then residual pectin is removed by an air floatation tank before the wastewater is not fermented; the difficulty in the treatment process of the coffee primary processing wastewater is mainly that the wastewater contains pectin, and the pectin can generate tartaric acid after fermentation, so that the pH value in the wastewater is reduced to 5-6, and the concentration of organic pollutants in the wastewater is increased, so that the treatment difficulty and the operation cost of the wastewater are increased;
(2) According to the invention, the pectinase can remove the pulp-shaped surface layer with more pectic substance content in the coffee primary processing wastewater and can effectively remove the sticky skin of coffee beans;
(3) According to the invention, the MBR process can be used for efficiently carrying out solid-liquid separation, the impact load resistance is strong, the effluent quality is high and stable, and SS can be completely removed; the MBR membrane realizes the complete separation of the hydraulic retention time and the sludge age of the bioreactor, and the occupied area is smaller than that of the traditional activated sludge method;
(4) The invention solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the coffee primary processing wastewater, the removed coffee pericarp is reused in the coffee land, the added value of the coffee primary processing wastewater is increased, and the economic, ecological and social benefits are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for producing waste water from coffee primary processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the coffee primary processing wastewater treatment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Experiment one
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits and the coffee fruits according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into the soaking and cleaning water and the peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize the water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, wherein the ratio of PAC addition to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM addition to wastewater is 30mg/L, the addition of pectinase is 2%, the enzymolysis temperature is 50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air flotation effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
Experiment two
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits with the liquid-solid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into the soaking and cleaning water and the peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize the water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, the ratio of PAC dosage to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM dosage to wastewater is 30mg/L, the dosage of pectinase is 4%, the enzymolysis temperature is 50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air-floated effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent to reach the standard, discharging the effluent, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dewatering.
Experiment three
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits with the liquid-solid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into the soaking and cleaning water and the peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize the water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, wherein the ratio of PAC addition to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM addition to wastewater is 30mg/L, the addition of pectinase is 6%, the enzymolysis temperature is 50 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air flotation effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
Experiment four
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits and the coffee fruits according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into the soaking and cleaning water and the peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize the water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, wherein the ratio of PAC addition to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM addition to wastewater is 30mg/L, the addition of pectinase is 4%, the enzymolysis temperature is 55 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air flotation effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
Experiment five
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits with the liquid-solid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into the soaking and cleaning water and the peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize the water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, wherein the ratio of PAC addition to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM addition to wastewater is 30mg/L, the addition of pectinase is 4%, the enzymolysis temperature is 60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air flotation effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
Experiment six
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits and the coffee fruits according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into soaking and cleaning water and peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, wherein the ratio of PAC (polyaluminium chloride) adding amount to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM (polyacrylamide) adding amount to wastewater is 30mg/L, the adding amount of pectinase is 4%, the enzymolysis temperature is 55 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 6.5h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air flotation effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
Experiment seven
A coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh coffee fruits, and then mixing the fresh coffee fruits with the liquid-solid ratio of 1: soaking 8mg/L in water at 25 deg.C for 12 hr, and separating and vibrating with inclined sieve to remove most of pericarp;
s2, adding NaOH into the soaking and cleaning water and the peeling wastewater through a regulating tank to homogenize the water quality and water quantity; after treatment, the mixture enters an air floatation tank, the ratio of PAC dosage to wastewater in the tank is 250mg/L, the ratio of PAM dosage to wastewater is 30mg/L, the dosage of pectinase is 4%, the enzymolysis temperature is 55 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 8h;
s3, removing nitrogen and phosphorus from air flotation effluent through the A/O tank, then feeding the effluent into an MBR tank, adding aluminum sulfate at the front end of the MBR tank to further remove pollutants, disinfecting the effluent and discharging the effluent after reaching the standard, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
As shown in Table 1, the method is the data of wastewater in the practical production process of certain Yunnan Pu' er coffee processing company, the wastewater contains a large amount of pectin, and the concentrations of CODCr, BOD5 and NH3-N are higher than the discharge requirements of the two types of pollutants in Integrated wastewater discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996).
TABLE 1 coffee Primary Process wastewater quality data
Figure BDA0004023341300000081
Figure BDA0004023341300000091
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The experimental group is constructed according to the method of the first experiment, and the control group is constructed according to the methods of the second experiment to the seventh experiment. The coffee primary processing wastewater treatment is carried out according to the operation process flow of the invention, and the determination treatment effect is as follows:
TABLE 2 relationship between the amount of pectinase added and the treatment effect when the enzymolysis temperature and time are constant
Adding amount of pectase 2% 4% 6%
Temperature of enzymolysis/. Degree.C 50 50 50
Time of enzymolysis/h 5 5 5
COD Cr BOD Ammonia nitrogen
The concentration of the effluent of the floatation tank is/(mg. L) -1 ) 1800 1500 1600
Concentration/(mg. L) of effluent from AO cell -1 ) 200 145 165
Concentration/(mg. L) of effluent of MBR tank -1 ) 54 14 6.45
GB8978-1996 Primary Standard ≤100 ≤20 ≤15
TABLE 3 relationship between the amount of pectinase added and the enzymolysis time, the enzymolysis temperature and the treatment effect
Figure BDA0004023341300000092
Figure BDA0004023341300000101
TABLE 4 relationship between enzyme addition, enzyme hydrolysis temperature, and enzyme hydrolysis time
Figure BDA0004023341300000102
In experiments I to VII, the coffee wastewater is treated by adopting the process flow of the invention, and finally the water quality of the outlet water meets the discharge requirement of the national Integrated wastewater discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996). When the addition of the pectinase is 4 percent, the enzymolysis time is 5 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 55 ℃, the treatment effect is optimal, and the water quality is stable and reaches the standard.

Claims (8)

1. The coffee primary processing wastewater treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step1: according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: washing fresh coffee fruits with water at 8-9.5 g/ml, soaking in water at 25-30 ℃ for 10-15 h, and separating and vibrating by using an inclined sieve to remove most of peels;
step2: treating soaking and cleaning water and peeling wastewater in a regulating tank, then feeding the treated water and the peeling wastewater into an air flotation tank, adding a flocculating agent and pectinase, and performing enzymolysis for 5-8 hours at 50-60 ℃;
step3: and (3) performing nitrogen and phosphorus removal on air floatation effluent by adopting an A/O combined MBR process, discharging the wastewater after reaching the standard after disinfection, and transporting sludge cakes outside after sludge dehydration.
2. The method for treating waste water from coffee primary processing according to claim 1, wherein: the inclined sieve used in Step1 is a shell solid-liquid separation vibrating inclined sieve, and the production amount of dirty liquid is more than or equal to 45m 3 The residue removal rate of the shell scraps is more than 90 percent.
3. The method for treating waste water from coffee primary processing according to claim 1, wherein: naOH is added into the adjusting tank in Step2, the pH value is adjusted to 8.5-9.0, and pre-aeration is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting tank.
4. The method for treating coffee primary processing wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the flocculating agent in Step2 is PAC and PAM, the ratio of PAC addition amount to wastewater is 250-350 mg/L, and the ratio of PAM addition amount to wastewater is 30-40 mg/L.
5. The method for treating coffee primary processing wastewater according to claim 1, wherein: the pectinase in Step2 is food grade, the enzyme activity is more than or equal to 6000U/ml, and the addition amount is 2-6%.
6. The method for treating waste water from coffee primary processing according to claim 1, wherein: adding activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant for inoculation and domestication before starting an A/O tank in Step 3; the interior of the anoxic tank is filled with nitrifying liquid.
7. The method for treating waste water from coffee primary processing according to claim 1, wherein: and a chemical dosing and dephosphorization device is arranged in the MBR tank in Step3, aluminum sulfate is selected as a medicament, and the feeding position is positioned at the water inlet position at the front end of the MBR tank.
8. The method for treating waste water from coffee primary processing according to claim 1, wherein: the drug adopted for wastewater disinfection in Step3 is ClO 2 ,ClO 2 The dosage of (A) is 5-10 mg/L.
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