CN115958973A - LCC/LCC type wireless charging system and mutual inductance measuring method thereof - Google Patents

LCC/LCC type wireless charging system and mutual inductance measuring method thereof Download PDF

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CN115958973A
CN115958973A CN202310019135.1A CN202310019135A CN115958973A CN 115958973 A CN115958973 A CN 115958973A CN 202310019135 A CN202310019135 A CN 202310019135A CN 115958973 A CN115958973 A CN 115958973A
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inverter
drive signal
compensation
lcc
primary side
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王付胜
杨金涛
范政
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Hefei University of Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless charging system for LCC/LCC type and a mutual inductance measuring method thereof, wherein the topology of the wireless charging system comprises a primary side direct current voltage source, an inverter, a compensation resonance circuit, a rectifier bridge, a filter circuit and a secondary side direct current voltage source; the total bus voltage of the primary side direct current voltage source is U i (ii) a The total bus voltage of the secondary side direct current voltage source is U o (ii) a The inverter is in a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 Wherein S is P1 And S P2 Leading arm of inverter, S P3 And S P4 Forming a hysteresis bridge arm of the inverter; the rectifier bridge is of a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S S1 、S S2 、S S3 And S S4 Wherein S is S1 And S S2 Leading bridge arm, S, forming a rectifier bridge S3 And S S4 Forming a lag bridge arm of the rectifier bridge; the compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side compensation resonance circuit and a secondary side compensation resonance circuit.

Description

LCC/LCC type wireless charging system and mutual inductance measuring method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging of electric automobiles, in particular to an LCC/LCC type wireless charging system and a mutual inductance measuring method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of electric vehicles, wireless charging technology has attracted attention due to its advantages of safety and convenience. In the wireless charging process, the mutual inductance value influences the voltage and the current of each branch of the system, so that the realization condition of the soft switch and the on-state loss of the system are changed, and in addition, the output maximum power also changes along with the change of the mutual inductance. Therefore, the method has great research significance and engineering value for measuring the mutual inductance.
The document 'constant-current constant-voltage wireless charging system with primary side mutual inductance identification function' J motor and control bulletin, 2021,25 (04): 52-60. DOI. The mutual inductance between the primary coil and the secondary coil can be measured according to the load resistance and the output current, but the load resistance cannot be accurately measured on line in practical application.
The documents YIN Jian, LIN Deyan, PARISINI T, et al, front-end monitoring of the structural index and load resistance in a series-series compensated wire Power transfer system [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016, 31 (10): 7339-7352, it is proposed that the mutual inductance value between the coils is obtained by changing the system operating frequency and measuring the amplitude and phase angle of the input impedance of the wireless charging system in a non-resonant state, but the output characteristic of the LCC/LCC system shows a non-linear relationship with the frequency, and the frequency modulation control is complex.
The invention discloses an electric vehicle wireless charging device loaded with an auxiliary coil and a charging method (application number: 202011607155.3), and provides a method for obtaining a mutual inductance value by adding a mutual inductance measuring module on the auxiliary coil, wherein a hardware circuit is added in the method, so that the cost is greatly improved.
In summary, the existing wireless charging system control technology still has the following problems:
1. in actual work, the load resistance cannot be accurately measured on line;
2. the frequency modulation control of the LCC/LCC type wireless charging system is complex;
3. the mutual inductance measurement through additional hardware is high in cost and large in size.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an LCC/LCC type wireless charging system and a mutual inductance measuring method thereof, which solve the technical problem of accurately measuring the mutual inductance value.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a topology for an LCC/LCC type wireless charging system comprises a primary side direct current voltage source, an inverter, a compensation resonance circuit, a rectifier bridge, a filter circuit and a secondary side direct current voltage source; the total bus voltage of the primary side direct current voltage source is U i (ii) a The total bus voltage of the secondary side direct current voltage source is U o (ii) a The inverter is in a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 Wherein S is P1 And S P2 Leading arm of inverter, S P3 And S P4 Forming a lagging bridge arm of the inverter; the rectifier bridge is of a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S S1 、S S2 、S S3 And S S4 Wherein S is S1 And S S2 Leading bridge arm, S, forming a rectifier bridge S3 And S S4 Forming a lag bridge arm of the rectifier bridge; the compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side compensation resonance circuit and a secondary side compensation resonance circuit, wherein the primary side compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side series compensation capacitor C 1 And a transmitting coil L 1 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f1 Connected in parallel with a compensation inductor L f1 The series secondary compensation resonant circuit is composed of a secondary series compensation capacitor C 2 And a receiving coil L 2 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f2 After being connected in parallel with the compensation inductance L f2 Are connected in series; and the positive electrode of the primary side direct current voltage source is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the inverter, the negative electrode of the primary side direct current voltage source is connected with the negative electrode of the input end of the inverter, and the output end of the inverter is connected with the input side of the compensation resonance circuit.
Further, the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor C 0 。
A method for LCC/LCC type wireless charging system mutual inductance measurement, comprising sampling of load output current, comprising the steps of:
step 1, switching tubes S of four driving signal inverters on primary side P1 Drive signal Q of P1 Inverter switching tube S P2 Drive signal Q of P2 Inverter switching tube S P3 Drive signal Q of P3 And inverter switching tube S P4 Drive signal Q of P4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q P1 And Q P4 The time difference between them is 0, the driving signal Q P2 Lagging the drive signal Q P1 Driving signal Q P3 Lagging the drive signal Q P4 Lag time is 1/2f, and the driving signal Q is P1 、Q P2 、Q P3 And Q P4 Are respectively used for driving a switch tube S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 ；
Step 2, four driving signal rectifier bridge switching tubes S on secondary side s1 Drive signal Q of s1 Rectifier bridge switching tube S s2 Drive signal Q of s2 Rectifier bridge switching tube S s3 Drive signal Q of s3 And a rectifier bridge switching tube S s4 Drive signal Q of s4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q s1 And Q s3 At a high level, driving a signal Q s2 And Q s4 At a low level, the switch tube S s1 、S s3 Equivalent long-closed switch tube S s2 、S s4 Equivalent long open, equivalent short circuit of secondary side, output current I to secondary side Lf2 Sampling the average value after rectification and filtration, and setting the average value as I avg2 ；
Step 3, obtaining I through the following mean value effective value conversion equation sRMS
Figure BDA0004041183910000031
Step 4, recording the effective value of the current as I sRMS Primary side compensation inductanceIs marked as L f1 The secondary compensation inductance is marked as L f2 DC source voltage is U i The switching frequency of the inverter is recorded as f, and the primary and secondary mutual inductance coefficients M are obtained through the following mutual inductance calculation equation, so that the mutual inductance is measured
Figure BDA0004041183910000032
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mutual inductance is measured independently of the load;
2. no additional frequency conversion operation is required;
3. the mutual inductance can be accurately detected in the original system without adding or changing any hardware.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a wireless charging system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of input/output AC voltage and current of primary and secondary sides according to the present invention; namely, in the embodiment, when the secondary side is equivalently short-circuited, the working waveform diagram of the input and output alternating voltage and current waveform circuit of the original secondary side is obtained.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing actual and measured mutual inductance values according to the present invention; i.e. the mutual inductance value measured and the actual mutual inductance value in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The structure and effect of the nested dual-arm planar helical antenna of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The invention discloses a method for measuring mutual inductance of an LCC/LCC type wireless charging on line, which is based on the characteristic of a constant current source of the LCC/LCC type wireless charging system, utilizes the action of a secondary switch tube to short circuit a secondary load, realizes the on-line measurement of the mutual inductance of the wireless charging system by sampling and measuring output current, and lays a foundation for the optimized operation of the wireless charging system.
A method for measuring mutual inductance of LCC/LCC type wireless charging on line relates to the topology of the wireless charging system including a primary side direct current voltage source, an inverter and a compensation resonance electricityThe circuit comprises a circuit, a rectifier bridge, a filter circuit and a secondary side direct current voltage source; the total bus voltage of the primary side direct current voltage source is U i (ii) a The total bus voltage of the secondary side direct current voltage source is U o (ii) a The inverter is in a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 Wherein S is P1 And S P2 Leading arm of inverter, S P3 And S P4 Forming a lagging bridge arm of the inverter; the rectifier bridge is of a full-bridge structure formed by four switch tubes, and the four switch tubes are respectively marked as S S1 、S S2 、S S3 And S S4 Wherein S is S1 And S S2 Leading bridge arm, S, forming a rectifier bridge S3 And S S4 Forming a lag bridge arm of the rectifier bridge; the compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side compensation resonance circuit and a secondary side compensation resonance circuit, wherein the primary side compensation resonance circuit is formed by a primary side series compensation capacitor C 1 And a transmitting coil L 1 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f1 After being connected in parallel with the compensation inductance L f1 Is composed of a secondary compensation resonant circuit and a secondary series compensation capacitor C 2 And a receiving coil L 2 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f2 Connected in parallel with a compensation inductor L f2 Are connected in series; the filter circuit is composed of a filter capacitor C 0 Composition is carried out; the positive pole of the (primary side) direct current voltage source is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the inverter, the negative pole of the (primary side) direct current voltage source is connected with the negative pole of the input end of the inverter, and the output end of the inverter is connected with the input side of the compensation resonance circuit.
The control method comprises the following steps of sampling the output current of the load:
step 1, four driving signals of the primary side, namely the inverter switch tube S P1 Drive signal Q of P1 Inverter switching tube S P2 Drive signal Q of P2 Inverter switching tube S P3 Drive signal Q of P3 And an inverter switching tube S P4 Drive signal Q of P4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q P1 And Q P4 The time difference between them is 0, the driving signal Q P2 Lagging the drive signal Q P1 Driving signal Q P3 Lagging the drive signal Q P4 The lag time is 1/2f, drive signal Q P1 、Q P2 、Q P3 And Q P4 Are respectively used for driving a switch tube S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 And the full duty ratio output of the wireless charging system is realized.
Step 2, four driving signals of secondary side, namely rectifier bridge switching tube S s1 Drive signal Q of s1 Rectifier bridge switch tube S s2 Drive signal Q of s2 Rectifier bridge switching tube S s3 Drive signal Q of s3 And a rectifier bridge switching tube S s4 Drive signal Q of s4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q s1 And Q s3 At a high level, drive signal Q s2 And Q s4 At a low level, the switch tube S s1 、S s3 Equivalent long-closed switch tube S s2 、S s4 Equivalent long open and equivalent short circuit of secondary side, and in order to ensure higher reliability under high frequency, current I is output to secondary side Lf2 Sampling the average value after rectification and filtration, and setting the average value as I avg2 As shown in fig. 1.
Step 3, obtaining I through the following mean value effective value conversion equation sRMS 。
Figure BDA0004041183910000051
Step 4, marking the effective value of the current as I sRMS Primary side compensation inductance is noted as L f1 The secondary compensation inductance is marked as L f2 DC source voltage is U i And the switching frequency of the inverter is recorded as f, and the primary and secondary mutual inductance coefficients M are obtained through the following mutual inductance calculation equation to realize the measurement of the mutual inductance
Figure BDA0004041183910000061
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mutual inductance is measured independently of the load;
2. no additional frequency conversion operation is required;
3. the mutual inductance can be accurately detected in the original system without adding or changing any hardware.
Specifically, referring to the drawings, a topology of a wireless charging system according to the present invention is shown in fig. 1. The invention provides a mutual inductance online measurement method for an LCC/LCC type wireless charging system, wherein the topology of the wireless charging system related by the method comprises a primary side direct current voltage source, an inverter, a compensation resonance circuit, a rectifier bridge, a filter circuit and a secondary side direct current voltage source; the total bus voltage of the primary side direct current voltage source is U i (ii) a The total bus voltage of the secondary side direct current voltage source is U o (ii) a The inverter is in a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 In which S is P1 And S P2 Leading arm of inverter, S P3 And S P4 Forming a lagging bridge arm of the inverter; the rectifier bridge is of a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S S1 、S S2 、S S3 And S S4 In which S is S1 And S S2 Leading bridge arm, S, forming a rectifier bridge S3 And S S4 Forming a lag bridge arm of the rectifier bridge; the compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side compensation resonance circuit and a secondary side compensation resonance circuit, wherein the primary side compensation resonance circuit is formed by a primary side series compensation capacitor C 1 And a transmitting coil L 1 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f1 Connected in parallel with a compensation inductor L f1 The secondary side compensation resonance circuit is formed by a secondary side series compensation capacitor C 2 And a receiving coil L 2 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f2 After being connected in parallel with the compensation inductance L f2 Are connected in series; the filter circuit is composed of a filter capacitor C 0 Forming; the positive pole of the (primary side) DC voltage source is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the inverter, the negative pole of the (primary side) DC voltage source is connected with the negative pole of the input end of the inverter, and the output end of the inverter is connected with the compensation resonance electricityThe input side of the circuit.
The control method comprises the following steps of sampling the output current of the load:
step 1, four driving signals at the primary side, namely the inverter switching tube S P1 Drive signal Q of P1 Inverter switching tube S P2 Drive signal Q of P2 Inverter switching tube S P3 Drive signal Q of P3 And an inverter switching tube S P4 Drive signal Q of P4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q P1 And Q P4 The time difference between them is 0, the driving signal Q P2 Lagging the drive signal Q P1 Driving signal Q P3 Lags behind the drive signal Q P4 Lag time is 1/2f, and the driving signal Q is P1 、Q P2 、Q P3 And Q P4 Are respectively used for driving a switch tube S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 And the full duty ratio output of the wireless charging system is realized.
Step 2, four driving signals at the secondary side, namely a rectifier bridge switching tube S s1 Drive signal Q of s1 Rectifier bridge switch tube S s2 Drive signal Q of s2 Rectifier bridge switching tube S s3 Drive signal Q of s3 And a rectifier bridge switching tube S s4 Drive signal Q of s4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q s1 And Q s3 At a high level, drive signal Q s2 And Q s4 At a low level, the switch tube S s1 、S s3 Equivalent long-closed switch tube S s2 、S s4 Equivalent long open, equivalent short circuit of secondary side, and output current I to secondary side for ensuring high reliability under high frequency condition Lf2 Sampling the average value after rectification and filtration, and setting the average value as I avg2 As shown in fig. 1.
Step 3, calculating I through the following average value effective value conversion equation sRMS 。
Figure BDA0004041183910000071
Step 4, marking the effective value of the current as I sRMS Primary side compensation inductance is noted as L f1 The secondary compensation inductance is marked as L f2 DC source voltage is U i And the switching frequency of the inverter is recorded as f, and the mutual inductance coefficient M of the primary side and the secondary side is obtained through the following mutual inductance calculation equation, so that the mutual inductance is measured.
Figure BDA0004041183910000072
For a dual LCC system, the LC loop is equivalent to a low pass filter, so its harmonic components cannot enter the transformer loop, so the fundamental and harmonic components of the input and output currents should be discussed separately. The fundamental component of the primary input current is determined by the secondary voltage, and the harmonic component is determined by the primary voltage; the fundamental component of the secondary output current is determined by the primary voltage and the harmonic component is determined by the secondary voltage. Therefore, when the load is short-circuited and the secondary side voltage is 0, the output alternating current only has the fundamental wave component, and the numerical accuracy of the mutual inductance M estimated by the output effective value at the moment is high. As shown in fig. 2, which is the input/output ac voltage and current waveforms of the primary side and the secondary side, when the load is equivalently short-circuited, the primary side current has only harmonic components, and the secondary side has only fundamental components.
In order to verify the method for the mutual inductance online measurement of the LCC/LCC type wireless charging system, an MATLAB/Sinmulink simulation model of the wireless charging system is built. The circuit parameters of the simulation model are as follows: the total voltage of a bus of the primary side direct current voltage source is Ui of 300V, and the total voltage of a bus of the secondary side direct current voltage source is Uo of 300V; transmitting coil L 1 At 240uH, a receiving coil L 2 30uH, primary side series compensation capacitor C 1 A secondary side series compensation capacitor C of 46.58nF 2 365.2nF, primary side parallel compensation capacitor C f1 100.92nf, the secondary side is connected in parallel with a compensation capacitor C f2 Is 171.86nf; primary side series compensation inductance L f1 34.74uH, and a secondary side connected in series with a compensation inductor L f2 It was 20.4uH. Setting M to be 9.76uH in simulation, and performing calculation verification on M according to the sampling current value, as shown in FIG. 3, and the result shows thatThe method for determining the mutual inductance M through the measured current average value is accurate by a method of load equivalent short circuit.

Claims (3)

1. A wireless charging system for LCC/LCC type is characterized in that the topology of the wireless charging system comprises a primary side direct current voltage source, an inverter, a compensation resonance circuit, a rectifier bridge, a filter circuit and a secondary side direct current voltage source; the total bus voltage of the primary side direct current voltage source is U i (ii) a The total bus voltage of the secondary side direct current voltage source is U o (ii) a The inverter is in a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 Wherein S is P1 And S P2 Leading arm of inverter, S P3 And S P4 Forming a hysteresis bridge arm of the inverter; the rectifier bridge is of a full-bridge structure formed by four switching tubes, and the four switching tubes are respectively marked as S S1 、S S2 、S S3 And S S4 Wherein S is S1 And S S2 Leading bridge arm, S, forming a rectifier bridge S3 And S S4 Forming a lag bridge arm of the rectifier bridge; the compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side compensation resonance circuit and a secondary side compensation resonance circuit, wherein the primary side compensation resonance circuit comprises a primary side series compensation capacitor C 1 And a transmitting coil L 1 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f1 After being connected in parallel with the compensation inductance L f1 The series-connected secondary side compensation resonance circuit is formed by connecting a secondary side series compensation capacitor C 2 And a receiving coil L 2 Formed series branch and resonant capacitor C f2 After being connected in parallel with the compensation inductance L f2 Are connected in series; the positive electrode of the primary side direct current voltage source is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the inverter, the negative electrode of the primary side direct current voltage source is connected with the negative electrode of the input end of the inverter, and the output end of the inverter is connected with the input side of the compensation resonance circuit.
2. The LCC/LCC wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein the filter circuit comprises a filter capacitor C 0 。
3. Method for LCC/LCC-type wireless charging system mutual inductance measurement according to claim 1 or 2, comprising sampling of load output current, comprising the steps of:
step 1, switching tubes S of four driving signal inverters on primary side P1 Drive signal Q of P1 Inverter switching tube S P2 Drive signal Q of P2 Inverter switching tube S P3 Drive signal Q of P3 And an inverter switching tube S P4 Drive signal Q of P4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q P1 And Q P4 The time difference between them is 0, the driving signal Q P2 Lags behind the drive signal Q P1 Driving signal Q P3 Lagging the drive signal Q P4 Lag time is 1/2f, and the driving signal Q is P1 、Q P2 、Q P3 And Q P4 Are respectively used for driving a switch tube S P1 、S P2 、S P3 And S P4 ；
Step 2, four driving signal rectifier bridge switching tubes S on secondary side s1 Drive signal Q of s1 Rectifier bridge switching tube S s2 Drive signal Q of s2 Rectifier bridge switching tube S s3 Drive signal Q of s3 And a rectifier bridge switching tube S s4 Drive signal Q of s4 With a switching frequency f, wherein the drive signal Q s1 And Q s3 At a high level, drive signal Q s2 And Q s4 At a low level, the switch tube S s1 、S s3 Equivalent long-closed switch tube S s2 、S s4 Equivalent long open, equivalent short circuit of secondary side, output current I to secondary side Lf2 Sampling the average value after rectification and filtration, and setting the average value as I avg2 ；
Step 3, calculating I through the following average value effective value conversion equation sRMS
Figure FDA0004041183900000021
Step 4, marking the effective value of the current as the effective valueI sRMS Primary side compensation inductance is noted as L f1 The secondary compensation inductance is marked as L f2 DC source voltage is U i The switching frequency of the inverter is recorded as f, and the primary and secondary mutual inductance coefficients M are obtained through the following mutual inductance calculation equation, so that the mutual inductance is measured
Figure FDA0004041183900000022
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CN202310019135.1A 2023-01-06 2023-01-06 LCC/LCC type wireless charging system and mutual inductance measuring method thereof Pending CN115958973A (en)

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