CN115956334A - Voltage spike absorption controller and method for controlling nitride-based switching device - Google Patents

Voltage spike absorption controller and method for controlling nitride-based switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115956334A
CN115956334A CN202280004807.5A CN202280004807A CN115956334A CN 115956334 A CN115956334 A CN 115956334A CN 202280004807 A CN202280004807 A CN 202280004807A CN 115956334 A CN115956334 A CN 115956334A
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voltage
switching device
nitride
node
source
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邹艳波
杜发达
陈钰林
汤超
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Innosecco Shenzhen Semiconductor Co ltd
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Innosecco Shenzhen Semiconductor Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a voltage spike absorption controller for controlling a nitride-based switching device. The voltage spike absorption controller includes: a voltage regulator configured to receive a DC power source and generate a regulated DC voltage; a voltage divider configured to receive a drain-source voltage and divide the drain-source voltage to generate a divided voltage; a driver configured to receive a reference voltage and generate a driving voltage; a comparator configured to compare the divided voltage with the reference voltage and generate a comparison output voltage such that the comparison output voltage has a high level value when the divided voltage is greater than the reference voltage; an OR gate configured to receive the comparison output voltage and the drive voltage and generate a control voltage for controlling the nitride-based switching device such that the nitride-based switching device turns on when the drain-source voltage on the nitride-based switching device is above a threshold.

Description

Voltage spike absorption controller and method for controlling nitride-based switching device
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to a voltage spike absorption controller, and more particularly, to a voltage spike absorption controller for controlling a nitride-based switching device in a flyback converter.
Background
Flyback converters are an inevitable means for powering many household and industrial machines by providing Direct Current (DC) power that has been rectified from Alternating Current (AC) power provided by an AC source or from a DC input power.
In general, the drain and source terminals of CMOS transistors can handle high voltage spikes when a surge voltage is applied to the input of the flyback converter or any fluctuations in the input of the flyback converter. CMOS transistors have avalanche breakdown capability that can absorb the energy of voltage spikes and prevent damage.
Several architectures have been proposed to handle high voltage spikes in flyback converters using gallium nitride (GaN) switching devices. Since there is no PN junction and no avalanche breakdown capability in the internal circuit of the GaN switching device, the device will be damaged when the drain-source voltage Vds exceeds the breakdown voltage of the GaN switching device.
As voltage spikes in flyback converters need to be handled, it may be desirable to develop a voltage spike absorption controller for controlling GaN switching devices to handle high voltage spikes in flyback converters for certain applications in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
According to one aspect of the present invention, a voltage spike absorption controller for controlling a nitride based switching device is provided. The voltage spike absorption controller comprises a VCC node, a GND node, a CTRL node, a DS node, a voltage regulator, a voltage divider, a comparator, a driver and an OR gate. The VCC node is configured for electrical connection to a DC power source.
The GND node is configured for electrical connection to ground. The CTRL node is configured for electrical connection to a gate terminal of the nitride-based switching device and transmits a control signal voltage V for turning on and off the nitride-based switching device CTRL . The DS node is configured for electrical connection to a drain terminal of the nitride based switching device and senses a drain-source voltage across the nitride based switching device. The voltage regulator has an input terminal connected to the VCC node. The voltage divider has an input terminal connected to the DS node. The comparator has a positive input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider and a negative input terminal connected to the output terminal of the low dropout regulator. The driver has an internal power supply terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator.
The OR gate has a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the comparator, a second input terminal connected to the output terminal of the driver, and an output terminal connected to the CTRL node. The voltage regulator is configured to receive a DC power source and generate a regulated DC voltage based on the DC power source. The voltage divider is configured to receive a drain-source voltage Vds and divide the drain-source voltage Vds to produce a divided voltage Vdiv. The driver is configured to receive a reference voltage V ref And generates a driving voltage V DRV . The comparator is configured to compare the divided voltage Vdiv with a reference voltage Vref and generate a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref. The OR gate is configured to receive the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the drive voltage V DRV And generating a control voltage V for controlling the nitride-based switching device CTRL Such that when the drain is on the nitride-based switching device
-the nitride based switching device is turned on when the source voltage Vds is above a threshold.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a nitride-based switching device through a voltage spike absorption controller is provided. The method comprises the following steps: electrically connecting nitride-based switching devices via control nodesA gate terminal; transmitting control signal voltage V for turning on and off operation of nitride-based switching device CTRL (ii) a Electrically connecting a drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device through the DS node; sensing drain-source voltage V on nitride based switching device DS (ii) a Generating a regulated DC voltage based on a DC power source received by the voltage regulator; based on a drain-source voltage V received from a drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device DS Generating a partial pressure Vdiv; based on a reference voltage V ref Generating a driving voltage; comparing the divided voltage Vdiv with a reference voltage Vref and generating a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref; receiving the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the drive voltage V by an OR gate DRV (ii) a And generating a control voltage V for controlling the nitride-based switching device CTRL Such that the nitride-based switching device turns on when a drain-source voltage Vds across the nitride-based switching device is above a threshold.
Based on the voltage spike absorption controller and method described above, a nitride based switching device may be turned on when a transient spike voltage is detected at a drain terminal of the nitride based switching device. By turning on the nitride-based switching device when the transient spike voltage is detected, the transient spike voltage is absorbed to prevent spike voltage stress at the drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device from exceeding the breakdown voltage, thereby preventing the nitride-based switching device from being damaged.
Drawings
Aspects of the present disclosure may be readily understood by the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. The illustrations may not necessarily be drawn to scale. That is, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or decreased for clarity of discussion. Due to manufacturing processes and tolerances, there may be a distinction between process reproductions in this disclosure and actual equipment. Common reference numerals may be used throughout the drawings and detailed description to refer to the same or like components.
Fig. 1 illustrates a circuit diagram of a flyback converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 illustrates a circuit diagram of a flyback converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a method for controlling a nitride-based switching device through a voltage spike absorption controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In the following description, preferred examples of the present disclosure will be set forth as embodiments which should be considered as illustrative and not restrictive.
Specific details may be omitted so as not to obscure the disclosure; however, the disclosure is written to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the teachings herein without undue experimentation.
It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including" and "comprising" or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "coupled," and "mounted," and variations thereof herein, are used broadly and encompass direct and indirect connections, couplings, and mountings.
Fig. 1 illustrates a circuit diagram of a flyback converter according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1, the flyback converter includes a transformer 110, a primary switch 120, a secondary switch 130, a voltage spike absorption primary controller 140, and a secondary driver 150.
The transformer 110 includes a primary winding 111 and a secondary winding 112. The primary winding 111 is configured to receive an input voltage, and the secondary winding 112 is configured to provide an output voltage Vo.
In some embodiments, primary switch 120 and secondary switch 130 are GaN switching devices. Specifically, in some embodiments, the primary switch 120 and the secondary switch 130 are GaN/AlGaN enhancement or depletion mode High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs). In some embodiments, primary switch 120 and secondary switch 130 are Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors (CMOS).
The primary switch 120 includes a source terminal, a gate terminal, and a drain terminal. Similarly, secondary switch 130 includes a source terminal, a gate terminal, and a drain terminal.
The voltage spike absorption primary controller 140 is configured to control the primary switch 120. The secondary driver 150 is configured to control the secondary switch 130.
The voltage spike absorption primary controller 140 includes a VCC node, a GND node, a CTRL node, and a DS node.
The VCC node is configured for electrical connection to a DC power source. The GND node is configured for electrical connection to ground. The CTRL node is configured for electrical connection to a gate terminal of the primary switch 120 and transmits a control signal voltage V for turning on and off the primary switch 120 CTRL . The DS node is configured for electrical connection to the drain terminal of primary switch 120 and senses the drain-source voltage Vds across primary switch 120.
Secondary driver 150 includes VCC node, GND node, DRV node, and DS node.
The voltage spike absorption primary controller 140 further includes an LDO 141, a voltage divider 142, a comparator 143, a driver 144, an or gate 145, a time delay module 146, and an on-time control module 147.
LDO 141 may have an input terminal connected to the VCC node. LDO 141 is configured to receive DC power,
and generating a regulated DC voltage at its output terminal based on the DC power supply to serve as a reference voltage V ref . Reference voltage V ref May be generated by a bandgap voltage reference circuit not shown here.
In one embodiment, LDO 141 may be replaced by a voltage regulator. The voltage regulator may be a switching regulator.
The type of LDO 141 is selected based on the power supply voltage and output voltage required to power the plurality of subcircuits in controller 140, and thus the type of LDO 141 used in controller 140 is not limited in this disclosure.
The voltage divider 142 is configured to receive the drain-source voltage Vds and divide the drain-source voltage Vds to generate a divided voltage Vdiv.
The voltage divider 142 may have an input terminal connected to the DS node. The voltage divider 142 includes a first resistor Ra and a second resistor Rb. The first resistor Ra may have a first end connected to the input terminal of the voltage divider 142 and a second end connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider 140. The second resistor Rb may have a first end connected to ground and a second end connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider 140.
In some embodiments, the voltage divider 142 is a resistive-capacitive voltage divider, and thus the type of the voltage divider 142 is not limited in this disclosure.
Comparator 143 may have a positive input terminal connected to the output terminal of voltage divider 142 and a positive input terminal connected to a voltage regulator disposed at LDO
141 at the output terminal ref The negative input terminal of (1).
Driver 144 may have an internal power supply terminal VDD connected to the output terminal of LDO 141, that is,
the internal power supply terminal VDD is applied with a reference voltage V ref . The driver 144 is configured to receive a reference voltage V ref And generates a driving voltage V DRV 。
The or gate 145 may have a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the comparator 143, a second input terminal connected to the output terminal of the driver 144, and an output terminal connected to the CTRL node.
The comparator 143 is configured to compare the divided voltage Vdiv with a reference voltage Vref and generate a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref.
The OR gate 145 is configured to receive the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the driving voltage V DRV And generates a control voltage V for controlling the GaN switching device 120 CTRL Such that the GaN switching device 120 turns on when the drain-source voltage Vds across the GaN switching device 120 is above a threshold. In other words, the reference voltage Vref may be preset based on a threshold value of the drain-source voltage Vds.
FB node is configured for electrical connection to feedback loop 160 toSensing feedback voltage V FB The feedback voltage is indicative of the output current flowing through the load 170.
The feedback loop 160 receives the output voltage Vo and feeds the output voltage Vo back to the controller 140 through the FB node. The feedback loop 160 includes a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a diode D1.
The load 170 includes a load capacitor 171 and a load resistor 172.
The CS node of controller 140 is configured to electrically connect to the source terminal of GaN switch device 120 and receive a current sense voltage V indicative of the drain-to-source current of GaN switch device 120 when the source terminal of GaN switch device 120 is connected to ground through current sense resistor R2 CS 。
The time delay module 146 may have an input terminal connected to the CS node. The time delay module 146 is configured to apply a time delay to the current sense voltage V CS To generate a delayed current sensing voltage V CS_D The timer circuit of (1).
The on-time control module 147 may have a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the time delay module 146 and a second input terminal connected to the FB node. The on-time control module 147 may be implemented by a combination of digital circuits and logic gates. The on-time control module 147 is configured to receive the delayed current sense voltage V CS_D And a feedback voltage V FB And based on the received feedback signal V FB And said delayed current sense signal voltage V CS_D Generating an on-time control signal V at its output terminal OT 。
In some embodiments, the on-time control module 147 is an adaptive on-time control module configured to dynamically adjust the on-time control signal V based on the DC power source, the output voltage, and the load current OT 。
The output terminal of the on-time control module 147 is connected to the input terminal of the driver 144. The driver 144 is further configured to receive an on-time control signal V OT And based on the received on-time control signal V CRTL_ON Generating a driving voltage V DRV 。
Based on the driving voltage V DRV The voltage spike absorption primary controller 140 is configured to generate the control voltage V CTRL To control the switching operation of the GaN switching device 120 through the resistor R1.
Fig. 2 illustrates a circuit diagram of a flyback converter according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 2, the flyback converter 200 includes a transformer 210, a primary switch 220, a secondary switch 230, a voltage spike absorption primary controller 240, a secondary driver 250, and a voltage divider 242.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the transformer 210, the primary switch 220, the secondary switch 230, the voltage spike absorption primary controller 240, and the secondary driver 250 in the flyback converter 200 are similar to the transformer 110, the primary switch 120, the secondary switch 130, the voltage spike absorption primary controller 140, and the secondary driver 150 in the flyback converter 100, and thus detailed descriptions of the transformer 210, the primary switch 220, the secondary switch 230, the voltage spike absorption primary controller 240, and the secondary driver 250 are omitted herein.
Flyback converter 200 differs from flyback converter 100 in that a voltage divider 242 is coupled between controller 240 and the drain terminal of primary switch 220 and is configured to divide the drain-source voltage signal Vds to produce a divided voltage Vdiv by controller 242.
The voltage divider 242 includes a first resistor Ra and a second resistor Rb. The first resistor Ra may have a first end connected to the drain terminal of the primary switch 220 and a second end connected to the DS node of the controller 240. The second resistor Rb may have a first end connected to ground and a second end connected to the DS node of the controller 240. In some embodiments, the voltage divider 242 is a resistive-capacitive voltage divider.
The voltage spike absorption primary controller 240 includes a VCC node, a GND node, a CTRL node, and a DS node.
The controller 240 further includes an LDO 241, a comparator 243, a driver 244, an or gate 245, a time delay module 246, and an on-time control module 247.
The DS node is configured for electrical connection to a voltage divider 242 to receive a divided voltage Vdiv.
Comparator 243 may have a positive input terminal connected to the DS node and a negative input terminal connected to the output terminal of LDO 242.
Driver 244 may have an internal power supply terminal connected to the output terminal of LDO 241.
Fig. 3 illustrates a method for controlling a nitride-based switching device by a controller. The method comprises the following steps:
step S302 of electrically connecting a gate terminal of the nitride-based switching device through the CTRL node;
step S304 of transmitting a control signal voltage V for turning on and off the operation of the nitride-based switching device CTRL ；
Step S306, electrically connecting the drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device through the DS node;
step S308, sensing the drain-source voltage V on the nitride-based switch device DS ；
Step S310, a regulated DC voltage is generated based on the DC power received by the voltage regulator. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, a voltage regulator (i.e., LDO 141) may have an input terminal connected to a VCC node. LDO (Low dropout regulator)
141 configured to receive a DC power source and to generate a regulated DC voltage based on the DC power source;
step S312, based on the drain-source voltage V received from the drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device DS While a divided voltage Vdiv is produced from the voltage divider. In detail, referring to fig. 2, the voltage divider 142 is configured to receive the drain-source voltage Vds and divide the drain-source voltage Vds to generate a divided voltage Vdiv;
step S314, based on the reference voltage V ref Generating a driving voltage. Reference voltage V ref Generated by a bandgap voltage reference circuit;
step S316 of comparing the divided voltage Vdiv with the reference voltage Vref and generating a comparison output voltage Vcomp,
so that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref. In detail, referring to fig. 2, the comparator 143 is configured to compare the divided voltage Vdiv with a reference voltage Vref and generate a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref;
step S318, receiving the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the driving voltage V through an OR gate DRV ；
Step S320 of generating a control voltage V for controlling the nitride-based switching device CTRL Such that the nitride-based switching device turns on when a drain-source voltage Vds across the nitride-based switching device is above a threshold.
Based on the above method, the controller may turn on the nitride based switching device when a transient spike voltage is detected at a drain terminal of the nitride based switching device. By turning on the nitride based switching device during detection of the transient spike voltage, the transient spike voltage is absorbed, which in turn causes the spike voltage stress at the drain terminal of the nitride based switching device not to exceed the breakdown voltage, thereby preventing the nitride based switching device from being damaged.
The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Although the methods disclosed herein have been described with reference to particular operations being performed in a particular order, it should be understood that these operations may be combined, sub-divided, or reordered to form equivalent methods without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Accordingly, unless specifically indicated herein, the order and grouping of the operations is not a limitation. Although the devices disclosed herein have been described with reference to particular structures, shapes, materials, compositions and relationships of matter, etc., these descriptions and illustrations are not intended to be limiting. Modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation to the objective, spirit and scope of the present disclosure. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (31)

1. A voltage spike absorption controller for controlling a nitride based switching device, comprising:
a VCC node configured for electrical connection to a DC power supply;
a GND node configured for electrical connection to ground;
a CTRL node configured to be electrically connected to a gate terminal of the nitride-based switching device and to transmit a control signal voltage V for turning on and off the nitride-based switching device CTRL ；
A DS node configured for electrical connection to a drain terminal of the nitride based switching device and sensing a drain-source voltage on the nitride based switching device;
a voltage regulator having an input terminal connected to the VCC node;
a voltage divider having an input terminal connected to the DS node;
a comparator having a positive input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider and a negative input terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator;
a driver having an internal power supply terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator;
an OR gate having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the comparator, a second input terminal connected to the output terminal of the driver, and an output terminal connected to the CTRL node;
wherein the voltage regulator is configured to receive the DC power source and to generate a regulated DC voltage based on the DC power source;
wherein the voltage divider is configured to receive the drain-source voltage Vds and divide the drain-source voltage Vds to produce a divided voltage Vdiv;
wherein the driver is configured to receive a reference voltage V ref And generates a driving voltage V DRV ；
Wherein the comparator is configured to compare the divided voltage Vdiv with the reference voltage Vref and generate a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref; and is
Wherein the OR gate is configured to receive the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the drive voltage V DRV And generating a control voltage V for controlling the nitride-based switching device CTRL Such that the nitride-based switching device turns on when the drain-source voltage Vds across the nitride-based switching device is above a threshold.
2. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 further comprising:
an FB node configured for electrical connection to a feedback loop to sense a feedback voltage V FB The feedback voltage is indicative of an output current flowing through a load;
a CS node configured for electrical connection to a source terminal of the nitride-based switching device and receiving a current sense voltage V CS A current sense voltage indicative of a drain-to-source current of the nitride based switching device when the source terminal of the nitride based switching device is connected to the ground through a current sense resistor;
a time delay module having an input terminal connected to the CS node;
an on-time control module having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the time delay module and a second input terminal connected to the FB node; and is
Wherein the time delay module is configured to apply a time delay to the current sense voltage V CS To generate a delayed current sensing voltage V CS_D ；
Wherein the on-time control module is configured to receive the delayed current sense voltage V CS_D And said feedback voltage V FB And based on the received feedback signal V FB And said delayed current sense signal voltage V CS_D Generating an on-time control signal V OT (ii) a And is provided with
Wherein the driver is further configured to receive the on-time controlSystem signal V OT And based on the received on-time control signal V CRTL_ON Generating the driving voltage V DRV 。
3. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 or 2 wherein the voltage divider comprises:
a first resistor having a first end connected to the input terminal of the voltage divider and a second end connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider; and
a second resistor having a first end connected to ground and a second end connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider.
4. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 wherein the reference voltage V ref Generated by a bandgap voltage reference circuit.
5. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 wherein the voltage divider is a resistive-capacitive voltage divider.
6. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 wherein the voltage regulator is a low dropout regulator.
7. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 wherein the voltage regulator is a switching regulator.
8. The voltage spike absorption controller of claim 1 or 2 wherein the on-time control module is an adaptive on-time control module configured to dynamically adjust the on-time control signal V based on the DC power source, output voltage and load current OT 。
9. A flyback converter, comprising:
a transformer having a primary winding that receives an input voltage and a secondary winding that provides an output voltage;
a primary switch coupled to the primary winding and having a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal;
a secondary switch coupled to the secondary winding and having a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal;
a voltage spike absorption controller as claimed in claim 1 and wherein the voltage spike absorption controller is configured to act as a voltage spike absorption primary controller for monitoring a drain-source voltage signal Vds across the primary switch and generating a primary control signal for the primary switch such that the primary switch turns on when the drain-source voltage Vds across the primary switch is above a threshold.
10. The flyback converter of claim 9, wherein:
the voltage spike absorption primary controller further comprises:
an FB node configured for electrical connection to a feedback loop to sense a feedback voltage V FB The feedback voltage is indicative of an output current flowing through a load;
a CS node configured for electrical connection to a source terminal of the nitride-based switching device and receiving a current sense voltage V CS A current sense voltage indicative of a drain-to-source current of the nitride based switching device when the source terminal of the nitride based switching device is connected to the ground through a current sense resistor;
a time delay module having an input terminal connected to the CS node;
an on-time control module having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the time delay module and a second input terminal connected to the FB node; and is provided with
Wherein the time delay module is configured to apply a time delay to the current sense voltage V CS To produceGenerating a delayed current sense voltage V CS_D ；
Wherein the on-time control module is configured to receive the delayed current sense voltage V CS_D And said feedback voltage V FB And based on the received feedback signal V FB And the delayed current sense signal voltage V CS_D Generating an on-time control signal V OT (ii) a And is provided with
Wherein the driver is further configured to receive the on-time control signal V OT And based on the received on-time control signal V CRTL_ON Generating the driving voltage V DRV 。
11. The flyback converter of claim 9 wherein the voltage divider comprises:
a first resistor having a first end connected to the input terminal of the voltage divider and a second end connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider; and
a second resistor having a first end connected to ground and a second end connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider.
12. The flyback converter of claim 9 wherein the reference voltage V ref Generated by a bandgap voltage reference circuit.
13. The flyback converter of claim 9 wherein the voltage divider is a resistor-capacitor voltage divider.
14. A flyback converter as in claim 9 wherein the voltage regulator is a low dropout regulator.
15. A flyback converter as in claim 9 wherein the voltage regulator is a switching regulator.
16. According to claim 9 or 1The flyback converter of 0, wherein the on-time control module is an adaptive on-time control module configured to dynamically adjust the on-time control signal V based on the DC power source, output voltage, and load current OT 。
17. A flyback converter, comprising:
a transformer having a primary winding that receives an input voltage and a secondary winding that provides an output voltage;
a primary switch coupled to the primary winding and having a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal;
a secondary switch coupled to the secondary winding and having a source terminal, a drain terminal, and a gate terminal;
a voltage spike absorption primary controller configured to monitor a drain-source voltage signal Vds across the primary switch and generate a primary control signal for the primary switch such that the primary switch turns on when the drain-source voltage Vds across the primary switch is above a threshold; and
a voltage divider coupled between the voltage spike absorbing primary controller and the drain terminal of the primary switch and configured to divide the drain-source voltage signal Vds to produce a divided voltage Vdiv of the voltage spike absorbing primary controller.
18. The flyback converter of claim 17, wherein the flyback converter is characterized by
The voltage spike absorption primary controller comprises:
a VCC node configured for electrical connection to a DC power source;
a GND node configured for electrical connection to ground;
a CTRL node configured to be electrically connected to a gate terminal of the nitride-based switching device and to transmit a control signal voltage V for turning on and off the nitride-based switching device CTRL ；
A DS node configured for electrical connection to the voltage divider to receive the divided voltage Vdiv;
a low drop regulator having an input terminal connected to the VCC node;
a comparator having a positive input terminal connected to the DS node and a negative input terminal connected to the output terminal of the low-dropout regulator;
a driver having an internal power supply terminal connected to the output terminal of the low drop-out regulator;
an OR gate having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the comparator, a second input terminal connected to the output terminal of the driver, and an output terminal connected to the CTRL node;
wherein the low-dropout regulator is configured to receive the DC power source and generate a reference voltage V based on the DC power source ref ；
Wherein the driver is configured to receive the reference voltage V from the low dropout regulator ref As an internal power supply voltage and generating a drive voltage V DRV ；
Wherein the comparator is configured to compare the divided voltage Vdiv with the reference voltage Vref and generate a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref; and is provided with
Wherein the OR gate is configured to receive the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the drive voltage V DRV And generating a control voltage V for controlling the nitride-based switching device CTRL Such that the nitride-based switching device turns on when the drain-source voltage Vds across the nitride-based switching device is above a threshold.
19. A flyback converter according to claim 17, wherein:
the voltage spike absorption primary controller further comprises:
a FB node configured for electrical connection to a feedback loop to senseMeasuring feedback voltage V FB The feedback voltage is indicative of an output current flowing through a load;
a CS node configured for electrical connection to a source terminal of the nitride-based switching device and receiving a current sense voltage V CS A current sense voltage indicative of a drain-to-source current of the nitride based switching device when the source terminal of the nitride based switching device is connected to the ground through a current sense resistor;
a time delay module having an input terminal connected to the CS node;
an on-time control module having a first input terminal connected to the output terminal of the time delay module and a second input terminal connected to the FB node; and is provided with
Wherein the time delay module is configured to apply a time delay to the current sense voltage V CS To generate a delayed current sensing voltage V CS_D ；
Wherein the on-time control module is configured to receive the delayed current sense voltage V CS_D And said feedback voltage V FB And based on the received feedback signal V FB And said delayed current sense signal voltage V CS_D Generating an on-time control signal V OT (ii) a And is
Wherein the driver is further configured to receive the on-time control signal V OT And based on the received on-time control signal V CRTL_ON Generating the driving voltage V DRV 。
20. The flyback converter of claim 17 wherein the voltage divider comprises:
a first resistor having a first end connected to the drain terminal of the primary switch and a second end connected to the DS node of the voltage spike absorbing primary controller; and
a second resistor having a first end connected to ground and a second end connected to the DS node of the voltage spike absorbing primary controller.
21. The flyback converter of claim 17 wherein the reference voltage V is ref Generated by a bandgap voltage reference circuit.
22. The flyback converter of claim 17 wherein the voltage divider is a resistor-capacitor voltage divider.
23. The flyback converter of claim 17 wherein the voltage regulator is a low dropout regulator.
24. A flyback converter as in claim 17 wherein the voltage regulator is a switching regulator.
25. The flyback converter of claim 17 or 18 wherein the on-time control module is an adaptive on-time control module configured to dynamically adjust the on-time control signal V based on the DC power supply, output voltage, and load current OT 。
26. A method for controlling a nitride-based switching device via a voltage spike absorption controller, comprising:
electrically connecting a gate terminal of the nitride-based switching device through a control node;
transmitting a control signal voltage V for turning on and off the operation of the nitride-based switching device CTRL ；
Electrically connecting a drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device through a DS node;
sensing a drain-source voltage V on the nitride-based switching device DS ；
Generating a regulated DC voltage based on the DC power received by a voltage regulator;
based on slaveThe drain-source voltage V received by the drain terminal of the nitride-based switching device DS While a divided voltage Vdiv is produced from the voltage divider;
based on a reference voltage V ref Generating a driving voltage;
comparing the divided voltage Vdiv with the reference voltage Vref and generating a comparison output voltage Vcomp such that the comparison output voltage Vcomp has a high level value when the divided voltage Vdiv is greater than the reference voltage Vref;
receiving the comparison output voltage Vcomp and the drive voltage V through an OR gate DRV (ii) a And
generating a control voltage V for controlling the nitride-based switching device CTRL Such that the nitride-based switching device turns on when the drain-source voltage Vds across the nitride-based switching device is above a threshold.
27. The method of claim 26, further comprising:
is electrically connected to the feedback loop through the FB node to sense the feedback voltage V FB The feedback voltage is indicative of an output current flowing through a load;
a source terminal electrically connected to the nitride-based switching device through a CS node and receiving a current sensing voltage V CS A current sense voltage indicative of a drain-to-source current of the nitride based switching device when the source terminal of the nitride based switching device is connected to the ground through a current sense resistor;
applying a time delay to the current sense voltage V CS To generate a delayed current sensing voltage V CS_D ；
Receiving the delay current sensing voltage V CS_D And said feedback voltage V FB And based on the received feedback signal V FB And said delayed current sense signal voltage V CS_D Generating an on-time control signal V OT (ii) a And
receiving the on-time control signal V OT And based on the received on-time controlSystem signal V CRTL_ON Generating the driving voltage V DRV 。
28. The method of claim 26, further comprising generating the reference voltage V by a bandgap voltage reference circuit ref 。
29. The method of claim 26, wherein the voltage regulator is a low dropout regulator.
30. The method of claim 26, wherein the voltage regulator is a switching regulator.
31. The method of claim 26 or 27, wherein the on-time control module is an adaptive on-time control module configured to dynamically adjust the on-time control signal V based on the DC power source, output voltage, and load current OT 。
CN202280004807.5A 2022-11-21 2022-11-21 Voltage spike absorption controller and method for controlling nitride-based switching device Pending CN115956334A (en)

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