CN115955161B - Slip estimation method, device, equipment and medium for self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor - Google Patents

Slip estimation method, device, equipment and medium for self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor Download PDF

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CN115955161B
CN115955161B CN202310244975.8A CN202310244975A CN115955161B CN 115955161 B CN115955161 B CN 115955161B CN 202310244975 A CN202310244975 A CN 202310244975A CN 115955161 B CN115955161 B CN 115955161B
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frequency
slip
sequence number
value
frequency signal
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伏勇胜
程林
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Wuxi Research Institute of Applied Technologies of Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motor detection, in particular to a slip estimation method, a slip estimation device, slip estimation equipment and a slip estimation medium for a self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor, which aim to solve the problem of how to improve the reliability of slip estimation of the motor. The method comprises the steps of adaptively filtering the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals for filtering power frequency signals; performing fast Fourier transform on the current time domain signal with the power frequency signal filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal; selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum to obtain a frequency point corresponding to the selected frequency point
Figure ZY_1
The frequency of the side frequency signal; according to the correspondence of the selected frequency points
Figure ZY_2
The frequency of the side frequency signal results in a slip estimated using the side frequency signal.

Description

Slip estimation method, device, equipment and medium for self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor detection, and particularly provides a slip estimation method, device, equipment and medium of a self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor.
Background
The motor stator current signal analysis method is used as a non-invasive detection technology, can realize fault diagnosis of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor only by motor stator current signals, has low data acquisition cost and flexible arrangement, and is popular in the field of industrial electric operation and maintenance. The motor stator current signal analysis method is based on whether a fault characteristic frequency exists in a stator current frequency spectrum and the amplitude of the fault characteristic signal. The frequency of the characteristic signal introduced by the motor fault in the motor stator line current signal is closely related to the slip of the motor, so that the accurate estimation of the slip of the motor is a precondition for realizing the reliable diagnosis of the motor fault by a motor stator current analysis method.
The traditional method for measuring the leakage magnetic flux of the motor or directly measuring the rotating speed of the motor and further obtaining the slip ratio of the motor is not high in practicality, because the operating environment of the motor determines that the sensors cannot be mounted on the motor in many cases. Therefore, the method for obtaining the slip through the frequency spectrum analysis of the motor stator line current becomes a theoretically optimal method for obtaining the motor slip.
The patent No. CN113364362A uses the characteristic frequency of static eccentric harmonic wave of motor to estimate the slip ratio of motor, and uses the formula
Figure SMS_1
Wherein->
Figure SMS_2
For characteristic frequency +.>
Figure SMS_3
Is the power frequency of the power grid (50 Hz),Rfor the number of rotor bars i.e. the number of rotor grooves,sin order to achieve a slip ratio of the optical fiber,pfor the pole pair number of the motor,n ws odd numbers (1, 3,5, …) are taken for the harmonic order of the magnetomotive force of the stator. Since there are two unknowns in the formula, i.e. the number of rotor groovesRSum slipsSlip cannot be directly determined from this formula. Thus, the patent traverses using an intelligent algorithm called firefly optimizationRAnd searching matched peak value position in frequency spectrum, and then optimizingRAnd determines the slip s. In the peak searching process of the algorithm, as two unknown parameters exist, the spectrum peak searching range is large, the interference of clutter frequency is easy to occur, the reliability of the algorithm in estimating the slip is reduced, in addition, in the estimating process of the algorithm, the calculated rotor groove number is checked, motor operation data under different loads are needed, and the timeliness is low.
Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a new solution to the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides an adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method, apparatus, device and medium that solves or at least partially solves the technical problem of how to improve the reliability of motor slip estimation.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for estimating slip of an adaptive asynchronous induction motor, comprising:
performing self-adaptive filtering on the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals with power frequency signals filtered;
performing fast Fourier transform on the current time domain signal with the power frequency signal filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal;
selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum to obtain a frequency point corresponding to the selected frequency point
Figure SMS_4
The frequency of the side frequency signal; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_5
Is the rated value of the power frequency,sis slip ratio; the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range are positioned at two sides of a frequency point corresponding to the power frequency; the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates>
Figure SMS_6
The end sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +. >
Figure SMS_7
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal; the starting sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +.>
Figure SMS_8
The frequency point serial number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal, and the ending serial number value of the second preset serial number range is the stable operation of the motorSubstitution of maximum value in the rated range of time slip +.>
Figure SMS_9
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
according to the correspondence of the selected frequency points
Figure SMS_10
The frequency of the side frequency signal results in a slip estimated using the side frequency signal.
In one technical scheme of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method,
the first preset sequence number range corresponds to
Figure SMS_11
Side frequency signals, the second preset sequence number range corresponds to
Figure SMS_12
A side frequency signal;
the method further comprises the steps of:
according to the frequency points selected in the range of the first preset sequence number
Figure SMS_13
Calculating a first slip value according to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
according to the frequency points selected in the range of the second preset sequence number
Figure SMS_14
Calculating a second slip value according to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
and selecting the smaller one of the first slip value and the second slip value as the slip of the finally determined motor.
In one technical scheme of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method,
The first preset sequence number range corresponds to
Figure SMS_15
Side frequency signals, the second preset sequence number range corresponds to
Figure SMS_16
A side frequency signal;
the method further comprises the steps of: comparing the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range, and selecting the frequency point with the large amplitude as the frequency point of the final side frequency signal;
and determining the slip ratio of the motor according to the frequency of the side frequency signal corresponding to the selected frequency point.
In one technical scheme of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method,
the method further comprises the steps of:
from the slip estimated using the side frequency signal and the frequency of rotor slot harmonics
Figure SMS_17
Determining the number of rotor grooves; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_18
For the frequency of the rotor slot harmonics,Rfor the number of slots of the rotor,pis the pole pair number;
calculating the estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave according to the determined rotor slot number and the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal;
setting a first frequency point sequence number error range according to the estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave;
selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the error range of the first frequency point sequence number to obtain the frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave corresponding to the frequency point
Figure SMS_19
Frequency of the rotor slot harmonics
Figure SMS_20
And the determined number of rotor grooves are substituted into the formula +. >
Figure SMS_21
Slip is obtained estimated using rotor slot harmonics.
In one technical scheme of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method,
the determining the number of rotor grooves according to the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal and the frequency formula of the rotor groove harmonic wave comprises the following steps:
substituting each value of the number of rotor grooves within a preset range and the slip ratio estimated by using the side frequency signal into the frequency of the rotor groove harmonic wave
Figure SMS_22
Obtaining frequency points corresponding to all possible frequencies of rotor slot harmonic waves;
setting a second frequency point sequence number error range for each frequency point corresponding to each possible frequency to obtain all possible frequency point sequence number ranges;
selecting all possible frequency points with the largest amplitude in the frequency point sequence number range to obtain the frequency of the real rotor slot harmonic wave corresponding to the frequency point
Figure SMS_23
Based on frequency of real rotor slot harmonics
Figure SMS_24
Substituted formula +.>
Figure SMS_25
A determined number of rotor grooves is obtained.
In one technical scheme of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method,
the method further comprises the steps of:
collecting several current time domain signals, according to the described frequency formula of slip ratio and rotor groove harmonic wave estimated by using side frequency signal
Figure SMS_26
Obtaining a plurality of corresponding rotor groove numbers;
Judging the consistency of the obtained rotor groove numbers, and if so, determining the rotor groove numbers as the final determined rotor groove numbers; if not, the number of rotor grooves is determined again.
In one technical scheme of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method,
the method further comprises the steps of:
calculating the absolute value of the difference between the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal and the slip estimated by using the rotor groove harmonic wave;
if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is smaller than or equal to a threshold value, the slip estimation result is reliable, and the average value of the absolute value of the difference and the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is calculated as a final slip value;
and if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is greater than a threshold value, estimating the slip again by using the rotor groove harmonic wave and the determined rotor groove number.
In a second aspect, there is provided an adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation apparatus comprising:
the filtering module is used for carrying out self-adaptive filtering on the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals for filtering power frequency signals;
the transformation module is used for carrying out fast Fourier transformation on the current time domain signal with the power frequency signal filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal;
A selection module for selecting the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum to obtain the frequency point corresponding to the selected frequency point
Figure SMS_27
The frequency of the side frequency signal; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_28
Is the rated value of the power frequency,sis slip ratio; the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range are positioned at two sides of a frequency point corresponding to the power frequency; the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the maximum value in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates and is substituted
Figure SMS_29
Frequency corresponding to frequency of side frequency signalThe point sequence number value, the ending sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates>
Figure SMS_30
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal; the initial sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates
Figure SMS_31
The frequency point serial number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal, the ending serial number value of the second preset serial number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the running difference rate when the motor stably runs>
Figure SMS_32
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
the estimation module is used for estimating the frequency point according to the frequency point
Figure SMS_33
The frequency of the side frequency signal results in a slip estimated using the side frequency signal.
In a third aspect, there is provided an electronic device comprising a processor and a storage means, the storage means being adapted to store a plurality of program code, the program code being adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to perform the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method of any of the above.
In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, in which a plurality of program codes are stored, said program codes being adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to perform the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method according to any of the above-mentioned claims.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:
in the technical scheme of the invention, the power frequency signal in the current time domain signal is filtered by the self-adaptive filtering technology, so that the frequency caused by the unbalanced three phases of the rotor is the frequency
The side frequency signal of the motor is identified, the side frequency signal is directly adopted to estimate the slip, and the whole process does not depend on the number of rotor grooves of the motor, so that the problems that the slip is estimated by using rotor groove harmonic waves or eccentric harmonic waves under the condition that the number of the rotor grooves is not known, the estimation process is complicated and the reliability is not high are avoided.
Drawings
The present disclosure will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art: the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, like numerals in the figures are used to designate like parts, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the main steps of a slip estimation method for an adaptive asynchronous induction motor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of filtered front and back of a test-mid-log signal according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the filtered front and back of a recorded signal in test II according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the filtered front and back of a recorded signal in experiment three according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating the main steps of a slip estimation method for an adaptive asynchronous induction motor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating the main steps of a rotor slot number estimation method according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the main steps of overall verifying slip results of an adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Some embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a "module," "processor" may include hardware, software, or a combination of both. A module may comprise hardware circuitry, various suitable sensors, communication ports, memory, or software components, such as program code, or a combination of software and hardware. The processor may be a central processor, a microprocessor, an image processor, a digital signal processor, or any other suitable processor. The processor has data and/or signal processing functions. The processor may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both. Non-transitory computer readable storage media include any suitable medium that can store program code, such as magnetic disks, hard disks, optical disks, flash memory, read-only memory, random access memory, and the like. The term "a and/or B" means all possible combinations of a and B, such as a alone, B alone or a and B. The term "at least one A or B" or "at least one of A and B" has a meaning similar to "A and/or B" and may include A alone, B alone or A and B. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents.
Slip is used as a key parameter for calculating the characteristic frequency of bearing faults, turn-to-turn short circuit faults, rotor broken bar faults and eccentric faults, and is a precondition for carrying out corresponding motor fault diagnosis by a motor stator current signal analysis method.
However, the slip is calculated only through eccentric harmonic waves or rotor slot harmonic waves, the spectrum peak searching range is large, and the interference of clutter signal frequency is easy to occur, so that the reliability of an algorithm is reduced; in addition, when slip is calculated through eccentric harmonic waves or rotor groove harmonic waves, the number of rotor grooves is required to be known in advance, and the actual value of the number of rotor grooves is inconvenient to obtain, so that the implementation of the algorithm is influenced.
Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of main steps of a slip estimation method of an adaptive asynchronous induction motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps S101 to S104.
Step S101, carrying out self-adaptive filtering on the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals with power frequency signals filtered;
In one embodiment, the voltage and current signal data of the asynchronous induction motor during stable operation can be collected, the collected current time domain signal is subjected to self-adaptive filtering through the collected voltage time domain signal, and the power frequency signal in the collected current time domain signal is filtered, so that the rated value of the power frequency is obtained
Figure SMS_34
At 50Hz, so that the frequency of the side frequency signal around the power frequency covered by the frequency spectrum leakage, especially the frequency caused by the rotor three-phase imbalance, is +.>
Figure SMS_35
Is identified.
Step S102, performing fast Fourier transform on a current time domain signal with power frequency signals filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal;
step S103, selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum to obtain a frequency point corresponding to the selected frequency point
Figure SMS_36
The frequency of the side frequency signal; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_37
Is the rated value of the power frequency,sis slip ratio;
in this embodiment, since the voltage and current signal data are collected when the slip is estimated and the slip of the asynchronous induction motor is stable, the rated value of the slip of the asynchronous induction motor used in industrial enterprises such as petrochemical enterprises is generally in the range of 0.5% -3.5%, and thus the rated range of the slip can be determined
Figure SMS_38
The range of the side frequency signal in the frequency spectrum, so that the final +.>
Figure SMS_39
The side frequency signal provides a premise for reliable estimation of slip.
Specifically, the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range can be set at two sides of a frequency point corresponding to the power frequency, and the frequency point corresponding to the power frequency is called an power frequency point; the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the maximum value in the rated range of the running difference rate when the motor stably runs
Figure SMS_40
The end sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +.>
Figure SMS_41
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal; the starting sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +.>
Figure SMS_42
The frequency point serial number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal, the ending serial number value of the second preset serial number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the running difference rate when the motor stably runs>
Figure SMS_43
Frequency point sequence number value corresponding to frequency of side frequency signal.
In one embodiment, when the voltage and current signals are collected, the sampling frequency is 12.8kHz, the recording time length is 10.24 seconds, and the data number of the voltage and current time domain signals is 131072.
Performing fast Fourier transform processing on the recording data to obtain a frequency spectrum of a signal to be processed; the serial number value of the frequency point corresponding to the direct current signal in the frequency spectrum is set to be 0, the serial number value of the power frequency point corresponding to the power frequency is 512 (the rated value of the power frequency is multiplied by the recording time length, 50 multiplied by 10.24=5)12 A) is provided; the first preset sequence number range is arranged on the left side of the power frequency point, and the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is 473:s=3.5% of the introduction
Figure SMS_44
Multiplied by the recording time length (+>
Figure SMS_45
Multiplying by the wave recording time length, namely the serial number value of the power frequency point), discarding the decimal place, rounding, and then subtracting 3 (redundancy value, value according to the boundary, lower boundary, upper boundary and upper boundary); the termination sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is 510:s=0.5% substitution->
Figure SMS_46
Multiplying the wave recording time length, discarding decimal places, rounding, and then adding 3, so that the range of the first preset sequence number is 473-510; the second preset sequence number range is on the right side of the power frequency point, and the initial sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is 514:s=0.5% substitution->
Figure SMS_47
Multiplying the wave recording time length, discarding decimal places, rounding, and subtracting 3; the ending sequence number value of the second predetermined sequence number range is 550:s=3.5% substitution->
Figure SMS_48
Multiplying the recording time length, discarding decimal places, rounding, and adding 3, so that the second preset sequence number range is 514-550.
Finding out the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range respectively, namely the frequency point which is confirmed by the final side frequency signal, and obtaining the corresponding frequency point
Figure SMS_49
The frequency of the side frequency signal. Specifically, the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the range of the first preset sequence number is recorded as A 1 The frequency corresponding to the frequency pointf 1 I.e. the frequency introduced in the stator current by the rotor three-phase imbalance can be expressed as +.>
Figure SMS_50
The frequency of the side frequency signal; the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the range of the second preset sequence number is recorded as A 2 The frequency corresponding to the frequency pointf 2 I.e. the frequency introduced in the stator current by the rotor three-phase imbalance can be expressed as +.>
Figure SMS_51
The frequency of the side frequency signal.
Step S104, according to the corresponding frequency points
Figure SMS_52
The frequency of the side frequency signal results in a slip estimated using the side frequency signal.
In the present embodiment, obtained by step S103
Figure SMS_53
And/or->
Figure SMS_54
Finally, the slip of the motor is obtained, namely +.>
Figure SMS_55
Or->
Figure SMS_56
Substituted into->
Figure SMS_57
Or->
Figure SMS_58
Obtaining the final motor slip.
In one embodiment, by
Figure SMS_59
And->
Figure SMS_60
Two slip values can be estimated, respectively correspondingly recorded ass 1 Ands 2 for more accurate estimationTrue and reliable takings 1 Ands 2 the smaller of these is the value of the final slip.
In one embodiment, in order to further improve the reliability of slip estimation, before estimating the slip by using the side frequency signal, the selected frequency points are further screened, the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range is compared, and the frequency point with the large amplitude is selected as the frequency point of the final side frequency signal, namely, the frequency point A is compared 1 And A 2 If A is of the size of 1 Greater than A 2 Using the formula
Figure SMS_61
Calculating a final slip; if A 2 Greater than A 1 Using the formula
Figure SMS_62
And calculating the final slip.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the reliability of the slip ratio estimated by using the side frequency signal obtained in the steps S101-S104 is verified by three sets of wave recording experiments, wherein the abscissa of the frequency spectrum in fig. 2-4 is frequency, the ordinate is amplitude, the sampling frequency is 12.8kHz, and the wave recording duration is 10.24 seconds. Fig. 2 (a), fig. 3 (a) and fig. 4 (a) are the time domain signal spectrums of the current collected in the test one, the test two and the test three respectively, wherein no power frequency signal is filtered, and the frequency spectrum leakage of the power frequency signal occurs in the frequency spectrum, so that the side frequency signal is difficult to distinguish from the frequency spectrum, the actual value of the side frequency signal cannot be obtained, and therefore, the motor slip cannot be estimated directly; by adaptively filtering the three groups of current time domain signals in the step S101 and performing fast fourier transform in the step S102, current time domain signals with power frequency signals filtered out as shown in fig. 2 (b), fig. 3 (b) and fig. 4 (b) are obtained, edge frequency signals with peaks at two sides of the power frequency signals can be obviously seen, specifically, the edge frequency signals are selected in the step S103, and finally, the correspondence of the selected frequency points is determined
Figure SMS_63
Of side-frequency signalsThe frequency, finally, the estimated slip is obtained through step S104.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the power frequency of test one is left
Figure SMS_64
The frequency of the side frequency signal is 49.51Hz, right +.>
Figure SMS_65
The frequency of the side frequency signal is 50.49Hz, and the slip calculated from the left side and the right side is 0.49 percent (normally, the estimated slip of the left side frequency signal and the right side frequency signal is the same); as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the left side of the frequency of the second test is +.>
Figure SMS_66
The frequency of the side frequency signal is 49.02Hz, right +.>
Figure SMS_67
The frequency of the side frequency signal is 50.98Hz, and the slip calculated from the left side and the right side is 0.98 percent; as shown in fig. 4 (b), the power frequency of test three is to the left
Figure SMS_68
The frequency of the side frequency signal is 48.54Hz, right side +.>
Figure SMS_69
The frequency of the side frequency signal was 51.46Hz, and the slip calculated from the left and right sides was 1.46%. Meanwhile, the rotation speed of the motor is measured directly by installing a sensor, so that the motor slip of the three groups of tests is measured directly, and the comparison result of the following table 1 is obtained, and the table 1:
slip estimate of the present invention Slip test value Relative error
Test one 0.48% 0.49% 2.04%
Test II 0.98% 0.98% 0.00%
Test three 1.54% 1.46% 5.48%
As can be seen from the table, the relative error of the estimation result of the motor slip by using the side frequency signal is less than 10%, and the reliability of the estimation result is high.
Based on the steps S101-S104, the method of the present embodiment filters the power frequency signal in the current time domain signal by the adaptive filtering technology, so that the frequency caused by the rotor three-phase imbalance is the same
Figure SMS_70
The side frequency signal of the motor is identified, the side frequency signal is directly adopted to estimate the slip, and the whole process does not depend on the number of rotor grooves of the motor, so that the problems that the slip is estimated by using rotor groove harmonic waves or eccentric harmonic waves under the condition that the number of the rotor grooves is not known, the estimation process is complicated and the reliability is not high are avoided.
By the above
Figure SMS_71
In the method for estimating the slip of the motor, the slip of the asynchronous induction motor can be rapidly estimated, but whether the one-time result is reliable or not cannot be verified by an algorithm method, and meanwhile, the conventional method for estimating the slip of the asynchronous motor by current spectrum analysis is realized by rotor slot harmonic waves (or eccentric harmonic waves), mainly using rotor slot harmonic waves, but when the rotor slot harmonic waves are used, two unknown parameters, namely rotor slot number and slip are present, wherein the rotor slot number is inconvenient to acquire, so that the rotor slot number can be estimated by the slip determined in the steps, the rotor slot harmonic wave estimated slip is reused after the determined rotor slot number is obtained, thereby realizing mutual verification of the two slip values, and improving the reliability of slip estimation.
Further, in order to estimate slip using rotor slot harmonics, the present invention may further include the following steps S105 to S109 in addition to the above steps S101 to S104, and the following steps S105 to S109 are described with reference to fig. 5, and fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of main steps of a method for estimating slip using rotor slot harmonics according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the present invention may further include:
step S105, according to the frequency formula of slip and rotor slot harmonic estimated by using side frequency signal
Figure SMS_72
Determining the number of rotor grooves; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_73
For the frequency of the rotor slot harmonics,Rfor the number of slots of the rotor,pis the pole pair number;
in one embodiment, determining the number of rotor slots, as shown in fig. 6, may include the following steps S201 to S204:
s201, substituting each value in a preset range of the number of the rotor grooves and the slip ratio estimated by using the side frequency signal into a frequency formula of the rotor groove harmonic one by one to obtain frequency points corresponding to all possible frequencies of the rotor groove harmonic;
s202, setting a second frequency point sequence number error range for each frequency point corresponding to each possible frequency to obtain all possible frequency point sequence number ranges;
S203, selecting all frequency points with the largest amplitude values in the range of the possible frequency point sequence numbers to obtain the frequency of the real rotor slot harmonic wave corresponding to the frequency point
Figure SMS_74
S204, according to the frequency of the real rotor slot harmonic wave
Figure SMS_75
Substituted formula +.>
Figure SMS_76
A determined number of rotor grooves is obtained.
In particular, forp(polar logarithm)pGeneral values 1, 2, 3.) the number of rotor slotsRThere is an empirical range of values, and all of the empirical ranges of values are takenRThe slip obtained in step S104 is substituted into the frequency formula of the rotor slot harmonic wave
Figure SMS_77
Solving for the frequencies of all possible rotor slot harmonics; setting a frequency point sequence number error range for frequency point sequence number values corresponding to the frequencies, wherein the real rotor slot harmonic wave is likely to exist in the error range, and a point with the maximum amplitude value is found in the error range to be used as a possible rotor slot harmonic frequency point; after all possible rotor slot harmonic frequency points are obtained, the point with the largest amplitude is found in the frequency points, namely the frequency point of the real rotor slot harmonic, and the corresponding frequency is the frequency +.>
Figure SMS_78
Substituting it into the formula +.>
Figure SMS_79
The final determined rotation can be obtainedNumber of sub-slots.
For example, taking a sampling frequency of 12.8kHz and a recording time length of 10.24 seconds as an example, the pole pair number of the motor is adopted pIs a number of 1, and is not limited by the specification,Rthe value range of (2) is 16 to 110; sum of slip obtained in step S104RPossible values of (2) are brought into the formula
Figure SMS_80
(also +.>
Figure SMS_81
In most cases, the amplitude of the rotor slot harmonic wave taking the negative value is larger than that of the rotor slot harmonic wave taking the positive sign, which means that the rotor slot harmonic wave taking the negative value is easier to distinguish in frequency spectrum, so that the rotor slot harmonic wave taking the negative value is selected for calculating the number of rotor slots in the example, and 95 possible values of the rotor slot harmonic wave frequency are calculated; dividing each possible value of the rotor slot harmonic frequency by 50, multiplying by 512, and taking an integer to obtain a serial number N of a corresponding frequency point on a current frequency spectrum when the rotor slot harmonic frequency takes the frequency, taking errors in a calculation process into consideration, wherein the frequency point actually corresponding to the rotor slot harmonic frequency is in a serial number range of N-7 to N+7 (the value of the serial number error range is related to the frequency spectrum resolution, namely the wave recording duration, in the example, the sampling frequency is 12.8kHz, the wave recording duration is 10.24 seconds, and the frequency point with the largest amplitude in 7) is taken as an example, thereby obtaining 95 frequency point serial number ranges, the real frequency of the rotor slot harmonic is in the 95 frequency point serial number ranges, and the frequency corresponding to the frequency point with the largest amplitude is recorded as% >
Figure SMS_82
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the formula->
Figure SMS_83
The number of grooves of the rotor is calculated,Rthe value takes the integer closest to the decimal found by the right formula.
Step S106, calculating the estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave according to the determined rotor slot number and the slip ratio estimated by using the side frequency signal;
in the present embodimentIn the example, the number of rotor grooves determined in step S105 and the slip obtained in steps S101 to S104 are substituted into the formula
Figure SMS_84
The estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonics can be obtained.
Step S107, setting a first frequency point sequence number error range according to the estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave;
in the present embodiment, since the number of rotor grooves is in step S106RThe value being determined at the value, and the slipsThe rotor slot harmonic frequency calculated by the formula has a certain error range, in the invention, the frequency is converted into a corresponding frequency point serial number, a possible frequency point serial number error range is preset, and the real rotor slot harmonic frequency can appear in the error range.
Step S108, selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the error range of the sequence number of the first frequency point to obtain the frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave corresponding to the frequency point
Figure SMS_85
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The frequency corresponding to the frequency point->
Figure SMS_86
I.e. the frequency of the real rotor slot harmonics.
Step S109, frequency of rotor slot harmonic wave
Figure SMS_87
Substitution formula->
Figure SMS_88
Slip is obtained estimated using rotor slot harmonics.
Specifically, the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the error range of the first frequency point sequence number is the real rotor slot harmonic frequency point, becauseRValue determination, the slip can be reversed by the frequency of the real rotor slot harmonicssI.e. the slip can also be estimated using steps S104-S109.
In one embodiment, to enhance utilization of the rotor slotsThe reliability of harmonic calculation slip ratio requires checking the calculated rotor slot number, and the checking of the rotor slot number comprises: collecting a plurality of current time domain signals, namely monitoring a motor for a period of time, selecting a plurality of sets of wave recording data (same sampling frequency and wave recording time length) with different slip ratios, and estimating a slip ratio and a frequency formula of rotor groove harmonic waves by using side frequency signals according to the step S
Figure SMS_89
Obtaining a plurality of corresponding rotor groove numbers; judging the consistency of the rotor groove numbers and the rotor groove numbers calculated in the step S105, if so, the rotor groove number calculated in the step S105 is effective, and determining the rotor groove number as the finally determined rotor groove number; if not, the steps S101-S105 are carried out again to determine the number of rotor grooves.
In one embodiment, to verify the reliability of the slip estimation result, the method of this embodiment may further include the following steps S110 to S111:
step S110, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal and the slip estimated by using the rotor groove harmonic wave;
step S111, if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference value to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is less than or equal to a threshold value, the slip estimation result is reliable, and the average value of the absolute value of the difference value and the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is calculated as a final slip value;
if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is greater than the threshold value, estimating and verifying the slip again through steps S105-S110 until the slip estimation result is reliable.
As shown in fig. 7, a flowchart of the final slip output is estimated and verified through the whole of steps S101 to S111. First, the utilization is obtained through steps S101-S104
Figure SMS_90
Slip ratio of side frequency signal estimations Edge(s) By usings Edge(s) Rotor slot number estimation using rotor slot harmonic formulaRThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then using the determined number of rotor groovesRAnd rotor slot harmonic frequency formula to estimate slips Teeth The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Finally throughs Edge(s) Ands teeth Verifying slip estimation reliability, e.g. if |s Edge(s) -s Teeth |/s Edge(s) Less than or equal to 10 percent, the result of the calculation is reliable, adopting the methods Edge(s) +s Teeth ) 2 as actual value of slip; if |s Edge(s) -s Teeth |/s Edge(s) >10% then the result is unreliable and is discarded and the slip is estimated and verified again by steps S105-S110 until the slip estimation can pass the threshold test.
Based on the steps S105-S111, the method of the embodiment estimates the number of rotor grooves through the slip ratio determined by the side frequency signals, and estimates the slip ratio through the determined number of rotor grooves by adopting rotor groove harmonic waves, so that the problem of inconvenient acquisition of the number of rotor grooves is solved; and by comparing the slip estimated by the rotor slot harmonic with the slip estimated by the side frequency signal, the reliability of the slip estimation result can be improved, so that the faults of the asynchronous induction motor can be monitored and diagnosed more reliably.
It should be noted that, although the foregoing embodiments describe the steps in a specific order, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to achieve the effects of the present invention, the steps are not necessarily performed in such an order, and may be performed simultaneously (in parallel) or in other orders, and these variations are within the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a slip estimation device of the self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor.
The adaptive filtering device in the embodiment of the invention can comprise a filtering module, a transformation module, a selection module and an estimation module.
The filtering module is used for carrying out self-adaptive filtering on the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals for filtering power frequency signals;
the transformation module is used for carrying out fast Fourier transformation on the current time domain signal with the power frequency signal filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal;
a selection module for selecting the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum to obtain the frequency point corresponding to the selected frequency point
Figure SMS_91
The frequency of the side frequency signal; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_92
Is the rated value of the power frequency,sis slip ratio; the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range are positioned at two sides of a frequency point corresponding to the power frequency; the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the maximum value in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates and is substituted
Figure SMS_93
The end sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +. >
Figure SMS_94
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal; the initial sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates
Figure SMS_95
The frequency point serial number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal, the ending serial number value of the second preset serial number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the running difference rate when the motor stably runs>
Figure SMS_96
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
the estimation module is used for estimating the frequency point according to the frequency point
Figure SMS_97
The frequency of the side frequency signal results in a slip estimated using the side frequency signal.
The above-mentioned adaptive filtering device is used for executing the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method embodiments of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the technical principles of the two embodiments, the technical problems to be solved and the technical effects to be produced are similar, and those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process and the related description of the adaptive filtering device may refer to the description of the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method embodiments, and will not be repeated herein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may implement all or part of the above-described methods according to the above-described embodiments, or may be implemented by means of a computer program for instructing relevant hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the computer program may implement the steps of the above-described embodiments of the method when executed by a processor. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form etc. The computer readable storage medium may include: any entity or device, medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution media, and the like capable of carrying the computer program code. It should be noted that the computer readable storage medium may include content that is subject to appropriate increases and decreases as required by jurisdictions and by jurisdictions in which such computer readable storage medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals.
The invention further provides electronic equipment.
The electronic device in the embodiment of the present invention may include a processor and a storage device, the storage device may be configured to store a program for executing the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method of the above-described method embodiment, and the processor may be configured to execute the program in the storage device, including, but not limited to, the program for executing the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method of the above-described method embodiment. For convenience of explanation, only those portions of the embodiments of the present invention that are relevant to the embodiments of the present invention are shown, and specific technical details are not disclosed, please refer to the method portions of the embodiments of the present invention. The electronic apparatus may be a control device formed including various electronic devices.
Further, the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium. In one embodiment of the computer readable storage medium according to the present invention, the computer readable storage medium may be configured to store a program for performing the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method of the above-described method embodiment, which may be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method described above. For convenience of explanation, only those portions of the embodiments of the present invention that are relevant to the embodiments of the present invention are shown, and specific technical details are not disclosed, please refer to the method portions of the embodiments of the present invention. The computer readable storage medium may be a storage device including various electronic devices, and optionally, the computer readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present invention is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
Further, it should be understood that, since the respective modules are merely set to illustrate the functional units of the apparatus of the present invention, the physical devices corresponding to the modules may be the processor itself, or a part of software in the processor, a part of hardware, or a part of a combination of software and hardware. Accordingly, the number of individual modules in the figures is merely illustrative.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various modules in the apparatus may be adaptively split or combined. Such splitting or combining of specific modules does not cause the technical solution to deviate from the principle of the present invention, and therefore, the technical solution after splitting or combining falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The slip estimation method of the self-adaptive asynchronous induction motor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
performing self-adaptive filtering on the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals with power frequency signals filtered;
performing fast Fourier transform on the current time domain signal with the power frequency signal filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal;
selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum to obtain a frequency point corresponding to the selected frequency point
Figure QLYQS_1
The frequency of the side frequency signal; wherein (1)>
Figure QLYQS_2
Is the rated value of the power frequency,sis slip ratio; the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range are positioned at two sides of a frequency point corresponding to the power frequency; the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates>
Figure QLYQS_3
The end sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +.>
Figure QLYQS_4
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal; the starting sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +. >
Figure QLYQS_5
The frequency point serial number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal, the ending serial number value of the second preset serial number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the running difference rate when the motor stably runs>
Figure QLYQS_6
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
according to the correspondence of the selected frequency points
Figure QLYQS_7
Obtaining the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal according to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
the method further comprises the steps of:
determining the number of rotor grooves according to the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal and the frequency of rotor groove harmonic waves;
obtaining slip estimated by using rotor slot harmonic waves according to the determined rotor slot number and the slip estimated by using the side frequency signals;
calculating the absolute value of the difference between the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal and the slip estimated by using the rotor groove harmonic wave;
if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is smaller than or equal to a threshold value, the slip estimation result is reliable, and the average value of the absolute value of the difference and the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is calculated as a final slip value;
and if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is greater than a threshold value, estimating the slip again by using the rotor groove harmonic wave and the determined rotor groove number.
2. The adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset sequence number range corresponds to
Figure QLYQS_8
Side frequency signal, the second preset sequence number range corresponds to->
Figure QLYQS_9
A side frequency signal;
the method further comprises the steps of:
according to the frequency points selected in the range of the first preset sequence number
Figure QLYQS_10
Calculating a first slip value according to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
according to the frequency points selected in the range of the second preset sequence number
Figure QLYQS_11
Calculating a second slip value according to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
and selecting the smaller one of the first slip value and the second slip value as the slip of the finally determined motor.
3. The adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the first preset sequence number range corresponds to
Figure QLYQS_12
Side frequency signal, the second preset sequence number range corresponds to->
Figure QLYQS_13
A side frequency signal;
the method further comprises the steps of: comparing the frequency point with the largest amplitude in the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range, and selecting the frequency point with the large amplitude as the frequency point of the final side frequency signal;
and determining the slip ratio of the motor according to the frequency of the side frequency signal corresponding to the selected frequency point.
4. The adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method of claim 1, further comprising:
from the slip estimated using the side frequency signal and the frequency of rotor slot harmonics
Figure QLYQS_14
Determining the number of rotor grooves; wherein (1)>
Figure QLYQS_15
For the frequency of the rotor slot harmonics,Rfor the number of slots of the rotor,pis the pole pair number;
calculating the estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave according to the determined rotor slot number and the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal;
setting a first frequency point sequence number error range according to the estimated frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave;
selecting a frequency point with the largest amplitude in the error range of the first frequency point sequence number to obtain the frequency of the rotor slot harmonic wave corresponding to the frequency point
Figure QLYQS_16
Frequency of the rotor slot harmonics
Figure QLYQS_17
And the determined number of rotor grooves are substituted into the formula +.>
Figure QLYQS_18
Slip is obtained estimated using rotor slot harmonics.
5. The adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the number of rotor slots according to the slip estimated using the side frequency signal and the frequency of the rotor slot harmonic comprises:
substituting each value of the number of rotor grooves within a preset range and the slip ratio estimated by using the side frequency signal into the frequency of the rotor groove harmonic wave
Figure QLYQS_19
Obtaining frequency points corresponding to all possible frequencies of rotor slot harmonic waves;
setting a second frequency point sequence number error range for each frequency point corresponding to each possible frequency to obtain all possible frequency point sequence number ranges;
Selecting all possible frequency points with the largest amplitude in the frequency point sequence number range to obtain the frequency of the real rotor slot harmonic wave corresponding to the frequency point
Figure QLYQS_20
Based on frequency of real rotor slot harmonics
Figure QLYQS_21
Substituted formula +.>
Figure QLYQS_22
A determined number of rotor grooves is obtained.
6. The adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation method of claim 1, further comprising:
collecting several current time domain signals, according to the slip ratio estimated by using side frequency signal and the frequency of rotor groove harmonic wave
Figure QLYQS_23
Obtaining a plurality of corresponding rotor groove numbers;
judging the consistency of the obtained rotor groove numbers, and if so, determining the rotor groove numbers as the final determined rotor groove numbers; if not, the number of rotor grooves is determined again.
7. An adaptive asynchronous induction motor slip estimation device, comprising:
the filtering module is used for carrying out self-adaptive filtering on the acquired current time domain signals to obtain current time domain signals for filtering power frequency signals;
the transformation module is used for carrying out fast Fourier transformation on the current time domain signal with the power frequency signal filtered to obtain a frequency spectrum of the current time domain signal;
a selection module for selecting a first preset sequence number range and a second preset sequence number range in the frequency spectrum Obtaining the frequency point with the largest internal amplitude value, which corresponds to the selected frequency point
Figure QLYQS_24
The frequency of the side frequency signal; wherein (1)>
Figure QLYQS_25
Is the rated value of the power frequency,sis slip ratio; the first preset sequence number range and the second preset sequence number range are positioned at two sides of a frequency point corresponding to the power frequency; the initial sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the maximum value in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates and is substituted
Figure QLYQS_26
The end sequence number value of the first preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted into +.>
Figure QLYQS_27
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal; the initial sequence number value of the second preset sequence number range is the minimum value substituted in the rated range of the slip ratio when the motor stably operates
Figure QLYQS_28
The frequency point serial number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal, the ending serial number value of the second preset serial number range is the maximum value substituted in the rated range of the running difference rate when the motor stably runs>
Figure QLYQS_29
A frequency point sequence number value corresponding to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
the estimation module is used for estimating the frequency point according to the frequency point
Figure QLYQS_30
Obtaining the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal according to the frequency of the side frequency signal;
further comprises:
determining the number of rotor grooves according to the slip ratio estimated by the side frequency signal and the frequency of rotor groove harmonic waves;
Obtaining slip estimated by using rotor slot harmonic waves according to the determined rotor slot number and the slip estimated by using the side frequency signals;
calculating the absolute value of the difference between the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal and the slip estimated by using the rotor groove harmonic wave;
if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is smaller than or equal to a threshold value, the slip estimation result is reliable, and the average value of the absolute value of the difference and the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is calculated as a final slip value;
and if the ratio of the absolute value of the difference to the slip estimated by using the side frequency signal is greater than a threshold value, estimating the slip again by using the rotor groove harmonic wave and the determined rotor groove number.
8. An electronic device comprising a processor and a storage means, the storage means being adapted to store a plurality of program code, characterized in that the program code is adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer readable storage medium, in which a plurality of program codes are stored, characterized in that the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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