CN115954938A - Efficient is from grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit - Google Patents
Efficient is from grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of grid-connected split-phase inverter circuits. The invention provides a high-efficiency grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit which comprises a first semiconductor switch, a second semiconductor switch, a third semiconductor switch, a fourth semiconductor switch, a fifth semiconductor switch, a sixth semiconductor switch, a seventh semiconductor switch, an eighth semiconductor switch, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first inductor, a second inductor, a fifth diode and a sixth diode. According to the efficient off-grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit, the fifth diode and the sixth diode are added between the two inverter bridge arms, so that when the system is connected with a balanced load in grid-connected operation or off-grid operation, an inverter topology follow current loop only passes through the two semiconductor devices, the loss of the devices to electric energy is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grid-connected split-phase inverter circuits, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency grid-disconnected split-phase inverter circuit.
Background
In various parts of the world, different countries and regions have different grid modes, for example, a north american single-phase grid is a single-phase three-line split-phase output grid, L1/N/L2, L1 to N and L2 to N are 120V, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and L1_ L2 is 240V, which is schematically shown in fig. 1. For the photovoltaic inverter off-grid and on-grid system, when the system is in grid-connected operation, 240V voltage is output, and the split-phase 120V user load is supplied by a power grid. When the system is operated off-grid, two independent 120V voltages need to be output because the system needs to carry 120V or 240V user load at the same time. In an application scenario where the DC1 voltage is relatively high, for example, in an inverter system with a voltage of 1100V, in the prior art, two 1-shaped three-level bridge arms are often adopted to output two independent controls of 120V, and modulated waves are staggered by 180 degrees to form 240V, so as to obtain a single-phase three-wire split-phase output voltage, where a common topology is shown in fig. 2.
The current common single-phase three-wire system, split-phase output topology is shown in fig. 2. Taking a half cycle as an example, fig. 3 and 4 are loops during grid-connected excitation and freewheeling of the photovoltaic inverter off the grid-connected system, respectively. In the grid-connected process, due to the existence of a power grid, 240V voltage and 120V voltage exist, a 120V load on a user side can be directly supplied by the power grid, and an inverter only needs to combine energy of a photovoltaic panel to the power grid, so that only 240V needs to be output, the inverter works in a current source mode, the power of two 120V is equal, and basically no current flows through the middle point of a BUS (BUS), but in the follow current stage of the inverter, the topological follow current loop passes through four semiconductor devices (T2A T B D B D A in the figure 4), so that the efficiency is greatly reduced, and for a photovoltaic inverter system, the efficiency reduction can cause energy white loss and reduce the power generation amount of users.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient off-grid and grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit to solve the problem that the existing grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit is low in power generation efficiency.
The invention provides a high-efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit which comprises a first semiconductor switch, a second semiconductor switch, a third semiconductor switch, a fourth semiconductor switch, a fifth semiconductor switch, a sixth semiconductor switch, a seventh semiconductor switch, an eighth semiconductor switch, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first inductor and a second inductor, wherein the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel after being connected in series, the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch and the fourth semiconductor switch are connected in parallel after being connected in series, the fifth semiconductor switch, the sixth semiconductor switch, the seventh semiconductor switch and the eighth semiconductor switch are connected in parallel after being connected in series, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode, the positive electrode of the second diode is connected between the first semiconductor switch and the fourth semiconductor switch, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected between the first semiconductor switch and the sixth semiconductor switch, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the first diode, the other end of the first diode is connected with the first diode, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the first diode, the second diode is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode, the fourth diode is connected between the seventh semiconductor switch and the eighth semiconductor switch, the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are also connected between the third diode and the fourth diode, and the fourth diode further comprises a fifth diode and a sixth diode, wherein;
the anode of the fifth diode is connected between the sixth semiconductor switch and the seventh semiconductor switch, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch;
the anode of the sixth diode is connected between the second semiconductor switch and the third semiconductor switch, and the cathode of the sixth diode is connected between the fifth semiconductor switch and the sixth semiconductor switch.
According to the efficient off-grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit, the fifth diode and the sixth diode are added between the two inverter bridge arms, so that when the system is connected with a balanced load in grid-connected operation or off-grid operation, an inverter topology follow current loop only passes through the two semiconductor devices, the loss of the devices to electric energy is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
Further, still include third electric capacity and fourth electric capacity, wherein:
one end of the third capacitor is connected with the first inductor, the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the fourth capacitor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the second inductor.
The first load and the second load are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
Further, the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, the fourth semiconductor switch, the fifth semiconductor switch, the sixth semiconductor switch, the seventh semiconductor switch, and the eighth semiconductor switch may be any one of an IGBT or an MOS.
Furthermore, the off-grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit is connected with a single-phase three-wire split-phase power grid, and the split-phase voltage is any one of 100V, 110V and 120V
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a split-phase power grid in a scenario of an application system for a high-efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a prior art 1-type three-level single-phase inverter circuit;
FIG. 3 is a positive half cycle excitation loop of the 1-type three-level single-phase inverter circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a positive half cycle freewheeling circuit for the 1-word three-level single-phase inverter circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a topology diagram of a high efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a grid-connected excitation circuit of the high-efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a grid-connected freewheeling circuit of the high-efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an off-grid excitation loop of the high efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit of FIG. 5;
fig. 9 is an off-grid freewheeling circuit of the high-efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit of fig. 5.
Description of the main element symbols:
the following detailed description will further illustrate the invention in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for purposes of illustration only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 5 to 9, a high-efficiency split-phase inverter circuit for grid-disconnection and grid-connection provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a first semiconductor switch T1A, a second semiconductor switch T2A, a third semiconductor switch T3A, a fourth semiconductor switch T4A, a fifth semiconductor switch T1B, a sixth semiconductor switch T2B, a seventh semiconductor switch T3B, an eighth semiconductor switch T4B, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode D1A, a second diode D2A, a third diode D1B, a fourth diode D2B, a first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2, wherein the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with a power supply DC1, the first semiconductor switch T1A, the second semiconductor switch T2A, the third semiconductor switch T3A, the fourth semiconductor switch T4A are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the power supply DC1, the fifth semiconductor switch T1B, the sixth semiconductor switch T2B, the seventh semiconductor switch T3B, the eighth semiconductor switch T4B and the power supply DC 1B are connected in series and then connected in parallel, a cathode of the first diode D1A is connected between the first semiconductor switch T1A and the second semiconductor switch T2A, an anode of the first diode D1A is connected with a cathode of the second diode D2A, an anode of the second diode D2A is connected between the third semiconductor switch T3A and the fourth semiconductor switch T4A, one end of the first inductor L1 is connected between the sixth semiconductor switch T2B and the seventh semiconductor switch T3B, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected with one end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected between the second semiconductor switch T2A and the third semiconductor switch T3A, an anode of the first diode D1A and a cathode of the second diode D2A are further connected between the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2, the anode of the third diode D1B is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D2B, the cathode of the third diode D1B is connected between the fifth semiconductor switch T1B and the sixth semiconductor switch T2B, the cathode of the fourth diode D2B is connected between the seventh semiconductor switch T3B and the eighth semiconductor switch T4B, the anode of the first diode D1A and the cathode of the second diode D2A are further connected between the third diode D1B and the fourth diode D2B, and a fifth diode D3 and a sixth diode D4 are further included, wherein;
the anode of the fifth diode D3 is connected between the sixth semiconductor switch T2B and the seventh semiconductor switch T3B, and the cathode of the fifth diode D3 is connected between the first semiconductor switch T1A and the second semiconductor switch T2A;
the anode of the sixth diode D4 is connected between the second semiconductor switch T2A and the third semiconductor switch T3A, and the cathode of the sixth diode D4 is connected between the fifth semiconductor switch T1B and the sixth semiconductor switch T2B.
According to the efficient off-grid and grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit, the fifth diode D3 and the sixth diode D4 are added between the two inverter bridge arms, so that when the system is connected with a balanced load in grid-connected operation or off-grid operation, an inverter topology follow current loop only passes through the two semiconductor devices, the loss of the devices to electric energy is reduced, and the power generation efficiency of the system is greatly improved.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the capacitor further includes a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4, where:
one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the first inductor L1, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the fourth capacitor C4, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the second inductor L2.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the load further includes a first load1 and a second load2, where the first load1 and the second load2 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first semiconductor switch T1A, the second semiconductor switch T2A, the third semiconductor switch T3A, the fourth semiconductor switch T4A, the fifth semiconductor switch T1B, the sixth semiconductor switch T2B, the seventh semiconductor switch T3B, and the eighth semiconductor switch T4B may be any one of IGBTs or MOSs.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the off-grid split-phase inverter circuit is connected to a single-phase three-wire split-phase power grid (the first power grid AC1 and the second power grid AC 2), and the split-phase voltage is any one of 100V, 110V, and 120V.
Referring to fig. 5 again, in the circuit topology shown in fig. 5, during grid-connected operation, since the split-phase output function is not considered during grid-connected operation, the pv inverter directly outputs an ac voltage of 240V from the grid-connected system, that is, it can be considered that the loads of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are completely equal, that is, the currents of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are equal, and only one loop exists during positive half-cycle freewheeling, and the current only flows through the semiconductor devices (the fifth diode D3 and the second semiconductor switch T2A), so that the efficiency is high.
Referring to fig. 8 again, when the photovoltaic inverter is off-grid and grid-connected, the two three-level bridge arms (the first is the first semiconductor switch T1A, the second semiconductor switch T2A, the third semiconductor switch T3A, and the fourth semiconductor switch T4A, and the second is the fifth semiconductor switch T1B, the sixth semiconductor switch T2B, the seventh semiconductor switch T3B, and the eighth semiconductor switch T4B), the fifth diode D3, and the sixth diode D4 all participate in operation, the inverter can output two independent 120V ac voltages, and support the loads (the first load1 and the second load 2) respectively, when the off-grid load is completely balanced (the first load1 and the second load2 are equal), that is, when the loads of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are balanced, the follow current flows through the path of the fifth diode D3 and the sixth diode D4 and the circuit during grid-connection operation, and the efficiency is high. However, when the loads of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are unbalanced, a freewheeling loop is provided to meet the application requirement.
When the photovoltaic inverter is in off-grid operation from the grid-connected system and the off-grid split-phase load is unbalanced, the current path is as shown in fig. 8; that is, when the first load1 and the second load2 are not equal to each other, there is an unbalanced current between the point N and the point O. When freewheeling, the current path is as shown in fig. 9, if the first load1 is greater than the second load2, and none of them is 0, the freewheeling loop is divided into two loops, the first loop is a first inductor L1, a fifth diode D3, a second semiconductor switch T2A, a second inductor L2, a first load2, a second load1 and a first inductor L1, and the second freewheeling loop is a first inductor L1, a seventh semiconductor switch T3B, a fourth diode D2B, load and a first inductor L1; if the second load2 is greater than the first load1 and is not 0, the freewheeling circuits are also two circuits, and the first freewheeling circuit is the second inductor L2, the second load2, the first load1, the first inductor L1, the fifth diode D3, the second semiconductor switch T2A, and the second inductor L2. The second freewheeling circuit includes a second inductor L2, a second load2, a first diode D1A, a second semiconductor switch T2A, and a second inductor L2.
According to the efficient off-grid-connected split-phase inverter circuit, the requirements of split-phase unbalanced loads of the photovoltaic inverter and an off-grid system during off-grid operation are met, and meanwhile the efficiency of the system during grid connection, off-grid operation and split-phase balanced loads is improved
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A high-efficiency grid-disconnected split-phase inverter circuit comprises a first semiconductor switch, a second semiconductor switch, a third semiconductor switch, a fourth semiconductor switch, a fifth semiconductor switch, a sixth semiconductor switch, a seventh semiconductor switch, an eighth semiconductor switch, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first inductor and a second inductor, wherein the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with a power supply, the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch and the fourth semiconductor switch are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the power supply, the fifth semiconductor switch, the sixth semiconductor switch, the seventh semiconductor switch and the eighth semiconductor switch are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the power supply, the negative electrode of the first diode is connected between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the anode of the second diode is connected between the third semiconductor switch and the fourth semiconductor switch, one end of the first inductor is connected between the sixth semiconductor switch and the seventh semiconductor switch, the other end of the first inductor is connected with one end of the second inductor, the other end of the second inductor is connected between the second semiconductor switch and the third semiconductor switch, the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are also connected between the first capacitor and the second capacitor, the anode of the third diode is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode, and the cathode of the third diode is connected between the fifth semiconductor switch and the sixth semiconductor switch, the fourth diode is connected between the seventh semiconductor switch and the eighth semiconductor switch, and the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are also connected between the third diode and the fourth diode;
the anode of the fifth diode is connected between the sixth semiconductor switch and the seventh semiconductor switch, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch;
the anode of the sixth diode is connected between the second semiconductor switch and the third semiconductor switch, and the cathode of the sixth diode is connected between the fifth semiconductor switch and the sixth semiconductor switch.
2. The high-efficiency grid-disconnected split-phase inverter circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor, wherein:
one end of the third capacitor is connected with the first inductor, the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the fourth capacitor, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the second inductor.
3. The high-efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a first load and a second load, wherein the first load and the second load are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
4. The high efficiency off-grid split-phase inverter circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first semiconductor switch, the second semiconductor switch, the third semiconductor switch, the fourth semiconductor switch, the fifth semiconductor switch, the sixth semiconductor switch, the seventh semiconductor switch and the eighth semiconductor switch are any one of IGBT or MOS.
5. The high-efficiency grid-disconnected and split-phase inverter circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grid-disconnected and split-phase inverter circuit is connected with a single-phase three-wire split-phase power grid, and the split-phase voltage is any one of 100V, 110V and 120V.
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2022
- 2022-12-27 CN CN202211683634.2A patent/CN115954938B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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| US20120281444A1 (en) * | 2011-05-08 | 2012-11-08 | Paul Wilkinson Dent | Solar energy conversion and utilization system |
| CN103312205A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-18 | 石家庄通合电子科技股份有限公司 | Non-transformer single-phase grid-connected inverter control method |
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