CN115948689A - Smelting method of ultra-high-clean sulfur-containing aluminum-containing steel - Google Patents
Smelting method of ultra-high-clean sulfur-containing aluminum-containing steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115948689A CN115948689A CN202211487941.3A CN202211487941A CN115948689A CN 115948689 A CN115948689 A CN 115948689A CN 202211487941 A CN202211487941 A CN 202211487941A CN 115948689 A CN115948689 A CN 115948689A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001295 No alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 13
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000796 S alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012933 kinetic analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012932 thermodynamic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, in particular to a method for smelting ultra-high clean sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel, which adopts a BOF-LF-RH-CC process to smelt the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel and comprises the following steps: (1) The converter adopts a blowing method, aluminum is added for deoxidation during converter tapping, then alloy is added for alloying, and slagging is carried out; (2) Adding a deoxidizing agent to deoxidize in the LF process, and removing the S content of the molten steel to be less than or equal to 40ppm after refining; s is controlled to be 60-150ppm by adopting ferro-sulphur or ferro-sulphur wires before RH refining ladle; (3) no alloy or slag is added in the RH vacuum process; controlling S to the target S content according to the S content requirement of the steel grade after RH is finished; (4) The whole-process protective casting is adopted in the continuous casting process, and the sulfur content in the molten steel is controlled before the ladle is refined, so that the generation of inclusions is controlled, the removal of circulating inclusions in the molten steel can be promoted, and the generation of CaS inclusions in the steel is not increased too much.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel making, in particular to a smelting method of ultra-high clean sulfur-containing aluminum-containing steel.
Background
The cleanliness of sulfur-containing aluminum-containing steel represented by gear steel has great influence on the fatigue life of products, wherein the control of large-size inclusions is particularly important, and the smaller the size of the inclusions in the steel is, the more easily the gear steel with long service life can be obtained. Therefore, how to realize the smelting of the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel with ultrahigh cleanliness becomes a key problem in the smelting industry. After retrieval, many people at home and abroad have conducted various researches on the size of the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing inclusions, but all the researches have many differences from the patent.
The literature, "practical discussion for improving the cleanliness of molten steel of sulfur-containing aluminum-containing gear steel", indicates that the cleanliness of molten steel of sulfur-containing aluminum-containing gear steel is a key concern in steel production. Based on the method, the existing production flow of the gear steel is researched, and improved technologies such as electric furnace end point control, tapping deoxidation, variable flow bottom argon blowing and the like are provided and applied, so that the cleanliness of the molten gear steel is effectively improved. The emphasis is on controlling the tapping C-O product of the converter to reduce the total oxide inclusion amount, and on the other hand, controlling the refining operation to improve the cleanliness.
The literature 'formation mechanism and control of CA and CaS in sulfur-containing gear steel' indicates that aiming at the problem that CaS inclusions in the sulfur-containing steel are easy to cause nozzle blockage, the generation conditions of calcium aluminate inclusions and CaS in 20CrMnTiS steel are respectively subjected to thermodynamic and kinetic analysis. The results show that calcium treatment is carried out at 1600 ℃ when [ Al ] is contained in the steel]When s is 0.02%, ca needs to be controlled to be 0.003-0.010%; in view of the kinetic analysis of the denaturation of Al2O3 inclusions, the steel before calcium treatmentAl in (1) 2 O 3 The inclusions should not be too large, the optimum size of the grain diameter is less than or equal to 1 μm, and sufficient calcium treatment time should be given before feeding sulfur thread to make Al 2 O 3 The inclusions are completely denatured into calcium aluminate inclusions (12 CaO 7 Al) 2 O 3 ). The reasonable refining process of the sulfur-containing gear steel comprises the steps of molten iron pretreatment → a converter → LF refining (calcium treatment) → RH vacuum degassing → soft blowing (soft blowing middle and later stage sulfur feeding line) → square billet continuous casting. Emphasis is placed on the control of inclusions by calcium treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problem of how to reduce inclusions in the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel in the prior art, a method for smelting ultra-high clean sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a smelting method of ultra-high clean sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel adopts a BOF-LF-RH-CC process to smelt the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The converter adopts a blowing method, aluminum is added for deoxidation during converter tapping, then alloy is added for alloying, and lime and refined slag charge are added for slagging after the alloy is added;
(2) Adding a deoxidizing agent to deoxidize in the LF process, and removing the S content of the molten steel to be less than or equal to 40ppm after refining;
s is controlled to be 60-150ppm by adopting ferro-sulphur or ferro-sulphur wires before RH refining ladles;
(3) No alloy and slag are added in the RH vacuum process, the RH vacuum degree is less than or equal to 67pa, and the RH high vacuum time is more than or equal to 20min; controlling S to the target S content according to the S content requirement of the steel grade after RH is finished;
(4) The continuous casting process adopts the whole-course protection casting.
Further comprises the following components of the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel: 0.010-0.050% of S and 0.010-0.10% of Al.
Further comprising the step (2) of ensuring that the content of S in the molten steel is reduced to less than or equal to 40ppm after refining in order to ensure that (TFe + MnO + Cr) in the slag 2 O 3 ) The content is less than or equal to 1.50 percent, the slag alkalinity is 3 to 8, and the argon flow is 300 to 500L/min in the refining process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the smelting method of the ultra-high-purity sulfur-containing aluminum-containing steel, the sulfur content in the molten steel is controlled before the ladle is refined, so that the generation of inclusions is controlled, the removal of circulating inclusions in the molten steel can be promoted, and the generation of CaS inclusions in the steel is not increased too much.
Detailed Description
A smelting method of ultra-high clean sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel adopts a BOF-LF-RH-CC process to smelt the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The converter adopts a blowing method, aluminum is added for deoxidation during converter tapping, then alloy is added for alloying, and lime and refined slag charge are added for slagging after the alloy is added;
(2) Adding a deoxidizing agent to deoxidize in the LF process, after the refining is finished, removing the content of S in molten steel to be less than or equal to 40ppm, when the LF refining is finished, removing the content of S in the molten steel to be less than or equal to 40ppm, and the content of weak oxides in slag to be less than or equal to 1.50 percent, realizing deep deoxidation and desulfurization, adding ferrosulfur or feeding a ferrosulfur wire according to the target sulfur content of 60-150ppm when the LF is finished, and then taking S as a surface active element, wherein a concentration gradient exists at an interface, so that the capacity of efficiently removing large-size inclusions in the molten steel in the RH process is improved;
s is controlled to be 60-150ppm by adopting ferro-sulphur or ferro-sulphur wires before RH refining ladles;
(3) The RH vacuum process does not add any alloy and slag charge, the generation of calcium sulfide inclusion can be effectively reduced without adding sulfur alloy in the RH process, the aim that the maximum DS inclusion in the sulfur-containing aluminum-containing steel is not more than 20 mu m is finally realized by adjusting the content according to the target S after the RH is finished, the RH vacuum degree is not more than 67pa, and the RH high vacuum time is not less than 20min; controlling S to the target S content according to the S content requirement of the steel grade after RH is finished;
(4) The continuous casting process adopts the whole-course protection casting.
The sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel comprises the following components: 0.010-0.050% of S and 0.010-0.10% of Al.
The requirement that the content of the molten steel S is reduced to be less than or equal to 40ppm after the refining in the step (2) is to ensure that (TFe + MnO + Cr) in the slag 2 O 3 ) The content is less than or equal to 1.50 percent, the slag alkalinity is 3 to 8,and the argon flow is 300-500L/min in the refining process.
The total oxygen content of the molten steel is usually inconvenient to measure in the LF refining process, but the thermodynamic condition for realizing the desulfurization of the molten steel is that the molten steel needs to be deoxidized first, so that the lower the sulfur content of the molten steel is, the higher the total oxygen content of the molten steel is; on the other hand, according to the slag-steel balance, the steel slag is weakly oxidized (TFe + MnO + Cr) 2 O 3 ) The lower the content, the lower the oxygen content in the corresponding balance molten steel, so the invention emphasizes that the molten steel needs to be self-cleaned and smelted in the LF process, the S content is less than or equal to 40ppm when the LF is finished, and the slag (TFe + MnO + Cr) 2 O 3 ) Less than or equal to 1.50 percent. S is taken as a surface active element, the concentration is highest at the interface, the concentration is lower toward the interior of molten steel, so the concentration is provided near the interface, the higher the S content in the molten steel is, the lower the interfacial tension of the molten steel is, so the S content can be taken as a beneficial element for promoting the inclusion removal of the molten steel, but the excessive S content can cause the generation of CaS inclusions in the steel, the wetting angle of the CaS inclusions and the molten steel is less than 90 degrees, and the CaS inclusions are not convenient to remove in the RH circulation process, so the S content is controlled to be about 100ppm at the end of LF, namely the removal of the molten steel circulation inclusions is promoted, and the generation of the CaS inclusions in the steel is not increased too much.
The gear steel SCR420H steel is produced by adopting a 130-ton converter, a 130-ton refining furnace, a 130-ton RH furnace and a continuous casting machine. The steel comprises the following components: 0.17-0.23% of C, 0.15-0.35% of Si, 0.55-0.95% of Mn, 0.01-0.03% of S, 0.85-1.25% of Cr and more than or equal to 0.024% of Al.
Example 1:
a top-bottom combined blown converter adopts a conventional blowing method, the end point C is controlled to be 0.086 percent, 130kg of aluminum cake, 345kg of low-aluminum low-titanium ferrosilicon and the like are added during converter tapping, and then lime and refined slag are added.
And deoxidizing the LF by adopting Al particles and silicon carbide, adjusting the components of the molten steel, and finally sampling the LF to control the S content to be 0.004%. Adding a sulfur iron wire before the ladle reaches RH, sampling and detecting the S content of 0.009% when the RH enters a station, controlling the RH vacuum degree to 35Pa, controlling the RH high vacuum time to 26min, and feeding the sulfur iron wire after the RH is broken to 0.017% of the sulfur content in the molten steel.
The weak oxide content and basicity in the LF-finished slag are shown in the following table (composition units: wt%):
and (4) detecting a rolled product, wherein the number of the samples is 6, and the maximum inclusion size is 15 mu m.
Example 2:
a top-bottom combined blown converter adopts a conventional blowing method, the end point C is controlled at 0.072%, 130kg of aluminum cakes, 345kg of low-aluminum low-titanium ferrosilicon and the like are added when the converter taps, and then lime and refined slag are added.
And deoxidizing the LF by adopting Al particles and silicon carbide, adjusting the components of the molten steel, and finally sampling the LF to control the content of S to be 0.003%. Adding a sulfur iron wire before the ladle reaches RH, sampling and detecting the S content of 0.01% when the RH enters a station, controlling the RH vacuum degree to be 28Pa, controlling the RH high vacuum time to be 23min, and feeding the sulfur iron wire after the RH is broken to reach the sulfur content of 0.018% in the molten steel.
The weak oxide content and basicity in the LF-finished slag are shown in the following table (composition units: wt%):
and (4) detecting a rolled product, wherein the number of the samples is 6, and the maximum size of the inclusions is 17 mu m.
Comparative example 1
A top-bottom combined blown converter adopts a conventional blowing method, the end point C is controlled to be 0.069%, 130kg of aluminum cakes, 345kg of low-aluminum low-titanium ferrosilicon and the like are added when the converter taps, and then lime and refined slag are added.
And deoxidizing the LF by adopting Al particles and silicon carbide, adjusting the components of the molten steel, reducing argon in the LF process, performing sulfur retention operation, controlling the S content of the LF sample to be 0.013%, adding a sulfur iron wire before hoisting and covering the ladle to RH, performing RH station-entering sampling to detect the S content to be 0.021%, controlling the RH vacuum degree to be 34Pa, controlling the RH high vacuum time to be 26min, controlling the S content to be 0.017 after RH vacuum breaking, and not feeding the sulfur iron wire.
The weak oxide content and basicity in the LF-finished slag are shown in the following table (composition units: wt%):
and (4) detecting a rolled product, wherein the sampling quantity is 6, and the maximum inclusion size is 92 micrometers.
Comparative example 2
A top-bottom combined blown converter adopts a conventional blowing method, the end point C is controlled to be 0.083%, 130kg of aluminum cakes, 345kg of low-aluminum low-titanium ferrosilicon and the like are added when the converter taps steel, and then lime and refined slag are added.
And deoxidizing the LF by adopting Al particles and silicon carbide, adjusting the components of the molten steel, and controlling the S content of the finally sampled LF to be 0.004%. Adding a sulfur iron wire before hoisting to RH, sampling and detecting that the S content is 0.022% when the RH enters the station, controlling the RH vacuum degree to 38Pa, controlling the RH high vacuum time to 21min, and controlling the S content to 0.017% after the RH is broken empty without feeding the sulfur iron wire.
The weak oxide content and basicity in the LF-ended slag are shown in the following table (composition units: wt%):
and (4) detecting a rolled product, wherein the sampling number is 6, and the maximum inclusion size is 101 mu m.
Comparative example 3
A top-bottom combined blown converter adopts a conventional blowing method, the end point C is controlled to be 0.049 percent, 130kg of aluminum cakes, 345kg of low-aluminum low-titanium ferrosilicon and the like are added when the converter taps steel, and then lime and refined slag charge are added.
Deoxidizing by adopting Al particles and silicon carbide, adjusting the components of the molten steel, controlling the S content of the LF sample to be 0.004%, adding a sulfur iron wire before the ladle is hung to RH, detecting the S content to be 0.009% by sampling in the RH station, controlling the RH vacuum degree to be 28Pa, feeding the sulfur iron wire after the RH is broken to reach the sulfur content of the molten steel to be 0.016%.
The weak oxide content and basicity in the LF-finished slag are shown in the following table (composition units: wt%):
and (4) detecting a rolled product, wherein the sampling quantity is 6, and the maximum inclusion size is 67 mu m.
Comparative example 4:
a top-bottom combined blown converter adopts a conventional blowing method, the end point C is controlled to be 0.063%, 130kg of aluminum cake, 345kg of low-aluminum low-titanium ferrosilicon and the like are added during converter tapping, and then lime and refined slag are added.
And deoxidizing the LF by adopting Al particles and silicon carbide, adjusting the components of the molten steel, and finally sampling the LF to control the content of S to be 0.003%. And (3) adding no sulfur alloy before hoisting to RH, and sampling and detecting that the S content is 0.003 percent when RH enters a station. Controlling the RH vacuum degree to be 39Pa, controlling the RH high vacuum time to be 28min, and feeding a sulfur iron wire after RH vacuum breaking until the sulfur content of the molten steel is 0.014%.
The weak oxide content and basicity in the LF-finished slag are shown in the following table (composition units: wt%):
and (4) detecting a rolled product, wherein the sampling quantity is 6, and the maximum inclusion size is 49 micrometers.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A smelting method of ultra-high clean sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel is characterized in that the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel is smelted by adopting a BOF-LF-RH-CC process, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The converter adopts a blowing method, aluminum is added for deoxidation during converter tapping, then alloy is added for alloying, and lime and refined slag charge are added for slagging after the alloy is added;
(2) Adding a deoxidizing agent to deoxidize in the LF process, and removing the S content of the molten steel to be less than or equal to 40ppm after refining;
s is controlled to be 60-150ppm by adopting ferro-sulphur or ferro-sulphur wires before RH refining ladles;
(3) No alloy and slag are added in the RH vacuum process, the RH vacuum degree is less than or equal to 67pa, and the RH high vacuum time is more than or equal to 20min; controlling S to the target S content according to the S content requirement of the steel grade after RH is finished;
(4) The continuous casting process adopts the whole-course protection casting.
2. The method for smelting the ultra-high-purity sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel comprises the following components: 0.010-0.050% of S and 0.010-0.10% of Al.
3. The method for smelting the ultra-high-purity sulfur-containing and aluminum-containing steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the requirement that the content of the molten steel S is reduced to be less than or equal to 40ppm after the refining in the step (2) is to ensure that (TFe + MnO + Cr) in the slag 2 O 3 ) The content is less than or equal to 1.50 percent, the slag alkalinity is 3 to 8, and the argon flow is 300 to 500L/min in the refining process.
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| CN112647017A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-13 | 江苏联峰能源装备有限公司 | Method for controlling inclusions in gear steel |
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2022
- 2022-11-25 CN CN202211487941.3A patent/CN115948689A/en active Pending
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| CN106011377A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-10-12 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Control technology for B-class inclusions of low-carbon low-sulfur pipeline steel |
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