CN115947992B - Wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115947992B CN115947992B CN202211696983.8A CN202211696983A CN115947992B CN 115947992 B CN115947992 B CN 115947992B CN 202211696983 A CN202211696983 A CN 202211696983A CN 115947992 B CN115947992 B CN 115947992B
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007787 electrohydrodynamic spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000010944 ethyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920003087 methylethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102220040412 rs587778307 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the product is: the modified polypropylene composite material comprises, by weight, 50-80 parts of polypropylene resin, 3-8 parts of interface modified nanoparticles, 5-8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 15-30 parts of wheat straw powder and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent; the interface modified nano particles are obtained by electrostatic electrospraying of an electrospraying solution containing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose; the wheat straw powder is alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the components into a double-screw extruder according to the weight ratio, and then mixing and granulating at 160-170 ℃ to obtain the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material. The polypropylene and the wheat straw powder in the product have good compatibility and are uniformly mixed, and the method has simple process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and relates to a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Wheat straw powder is used as a crop byproduct and is mainly applied to the feed, fertilizer, paper industry and the like at present. The industrial limitations also lead to the fact that most of the wheat straw is still subjected to incineration treatment, so that not only is the environment polluted, but also a large amount of available resources are wasted. Therefore, the development of the wood-plastic composite material not only reduces the environmental pollution, but also is a new direction for reutilizing the wheat straw powder.
Because the components in the wheat straw powder are mainly cellulose containing polysaccharide macromolecules and hydroxyl groups, the cellulose is very easy to absorb water, so that the cellulose is difficult to be compatible with polypropylene. And the stacking density is too low, so that the wheat straw powder floats upwards to be agglomerated in the processing process and cannot be uniformly mixed. Patent CN 112980208A presents a solution to the compatibility of polypropylene and wheat straw fibers, but finds that the process steps are too complicated in the repeated verification process, the preparation period is too long, and no corresponding solution is given to the problem of uneven mixing of the wheat straw powder.
Therefore, the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood plastic composite material and the preparation method thereof are researched to solve the problems that the processing technology is complex, the wheat straw powder is unevenly dispersed in the processing process and the compatibility with polypropylene is poor when the wheat straw powder and polypropylene are used for preparing the composite material in the prior art, and the method has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material comprises, by weight, 50-80 parts of polypropylene resin, 3-8 parts of interface modified nanoparticles, 5-8 parts of ethylene octene copolymer, 15-30 parts of wheat straw powder and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent;
the interface modified nano particles are obtained by electrostatic electrospraying of an electrospraying solution containing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose; the components of the interface modified nanoparticle have both hydrophobic methoxy groups from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polysaccharide macromolecules from ethylcellulose;
the wheat straw powder is alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the alkali treatment can remove part of hemicellulose, pectin, lignin and other low-molecular compounds in the wood plastic filler, so that the lignin fibers become more fluffy, the gaps among the fibers are increased, and the surface roughness is increased, thereby increasing the contact area between a plastic matrix and the wood plastic filler and increasing the wettability of interface modification on the wood plastic surface;
the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose contains hydrophilic hydroxypropyl and hydrophobic methoxy, has good surface activity so that the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose has good compatibility with a polypropylene resin matrix, and the ethyl cellulose contains polysaccharide macromolecules and has strong affinity to cellulose. The specific surface area of the wheat straw powder is increased by alkalizing the wheat straw powder, and the wheat straw powder is pre-dispersed by using a silane coupling agent so that the wheat straw powder can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the polypropylene material.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is characterized in that the polypropylene resin is more than one of random copolymer polypropylene, homo-copolymer polypropylene and block copolymer polypropylene.
The preparation process of the interface modified nano particle of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material comprises the following steps: and uniformly stirring the hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, the ethyl cellulose and the solvent at room temperature until the hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, the ethyl cellulose and the solvent are completely dissolved to obtain an electrospray solution, and carrying out electrostatic spraying on the electrospray solution to obtain the interface modified nano particles.
According to the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material, the volume ratio of the total mass of the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the ethyl cellulose to the solvent in the electrospray solution is 4-6g to 100mL, the concentration is too high or too low, the structure of the interface modified nano particles is unstable, the spraying is unstable and the spraying is easy to stop in the electrostatic spraying process, and the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose to the ethyl cellulose is 0.3-0.5 to 1; the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol, and the specification is analytically pure;
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose having a number average molecular weight of 22,000g/mol, manufacturer sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, inc.; the number average molecular weight of the ethylcellulose is 10000g/mol, manufacturer sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company;
the speed of electrostatic spraying is 0.8-1.2mL/h; the diameter of the interface modified nano particles is 800-1000nm.
The specific process of alkali treatment of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is as follows: soaking wheat straw powder in alkali solution at 60 ℃ to remove grease on the surface of the straw powder to obtain a rough surface, washing with clear water to pH 7, and drying to obtain alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the average grain diameter of the wheat straw powder is 80 meshes; the alkali solution is NaOH solution or KOH solution (the solvent is water), and the mass fraction is 8% -12%.
As the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material, the silane coupling agent is KH550.
The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material further comprises, by weight, 0.3-1 part of an antioxidant and 0.3-0.5 part of a lubricant.
The antioxidant of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is more than one of hindered amine antioxidants, hindered phenol antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants, wherein the main antioxidant can be an antioxidant 168, and the auxiliary antioxidant can be an antioxidant 1010.
The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is characterized in that the lubricant is ethylene bis stearamide.
The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to any one of the above, wherein the bending modulus of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 1650-2050MPa, the tensile strength is 21-27MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 13-16kJ/m 2 OIT is 45-60min.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material, which comprises the steps of adding the components in a double-screw extruder according to the weight ratio, and then mixing and granulating at 160-170 ℃ to obtain the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material; the processing temperatures of the first region to the nine regions of the double-screw extruder are respectively as follows: 160 ℃, 170 DEG C170 ℃, 170 ℃.
Advantageous effects
(1) The method has simple process;
(2) The polypropylene and the wheat straw powder in the product have good compatibility and are uniformly mixed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM picture of the interface-modified nanoparticle in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
The methods for measuring the properties of the composites prepared in examples and comparative examples were as follows:
flexural modulus detection method: testing with reference to standard ISO 178:2010;
the tensile strength detection method comprises the following steps: test with reference to standard ISO 527-1:2012;
the method for detecting the notch impact strength of the simply supported beam comprises the following steps: testing is performed with reference to standard ISO 179-1:2010;
the detection method of the OIT oxidation induction period comprises the following steps: and 5mg of sample is placed into a differential scanning calorimeter, the temperature is increased to 220 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃ per minute in a nitrogen environment, the temperature is isothermal for 5 minutes, after the temperature reaches a stable state, the nitrogen is switched into oxygen, the temperature of 220 ℃ is kept, and the like, so that the thermal oxidative aging of the test material is carried out.
Example 1
A preparation method of a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
polypropylene resin: homo-polypropylene (manufacturer name is a luxury petrochemical product, brand name is T30S);
interface modified nano particles with the diameters of 850-950nm (shown in figure 1) are prepared by the following steps: uniformly stirring hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is H8384), ethyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is 247499) and absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain an electrospray solution, and carrying out electrostatic spraying on the electrospray solution at an electrostatic spraying speed of 1mL/H to obtain interface modified nanoparticles; wherein the volume ratio of the total mass of the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the ethyl cellulose in the electrospray solution to the solvent is 6g to 100mL, and the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the ethyl cellulose is 0.4 to 1;
wheat straw powder: the wheat straw powder subjected to alkali treatment comprises the following specific processes: soaking wheat straw powder in alkali solution at 60 ℃ to remove grease on the surface of the straw powder to obtain a rough surface, washing with clear water to pH 7, and drying to obtain alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the average grain diameter of the wheat straw powder is 80 meshes; the alkali solution is NaOH solution, and the mass fraction is 10%;
an antioxidant: an antioxidant 168 (manufacturer basf, germany) and an antioxidant 1010 (manufacturer basf, germany) mixture in a mass ratio of 1:1;
and (3) a lubricant: ethylene bis stearamide (manufacturer is Jiangxi Dong Yuan technology Co., ltd., brand DY 1909);
ethylene octene copolymer: the manufacturer is Tao Shidu bang with the trade mark of 8480;
silane coupling agent: the manufacturer is Shandong Nede New Material technology Co., ltd, and the brand is KH550;
(2) According to the weight portion, 66 portions of polypropylene resin, 5 portions of interface modified nano particles, 7 portions of ethylene-octene copolymer, 20 portions of wheat straw powder, 2 portions of silane coupling agent, 0.4 portion of antioxidant and 0.3 portion of lubricant are added into a double screw extruder to be mixed and granulated, and the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is obtained; wherein, the temperatures of the first zone and the ninth zone of the double-screw extruder are 160 ℃ and 160 ℃ respectively 160 ℃, 170 ℃.
Finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropyleneThe bending modulus of the alkene wood plastic composite material is 1850MPa, the tensile strength is 24MPa, and the notch impact strength of the simply supported beam is 15kJ/m 2 OIT is 54min.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a composite material is basically the same as in example 1, except that 100 parts of polypropylene resin, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of lubricant are added into a double-screw extruder to be mixed and granulated according to parts by weight in the step (2), so that the composite material is obtained.
The final composite material has a flexural modulus of 1100MPa, a tensile strength of 17MPa and a notched impact strength of 5kJ/m 2 OIT is 2min.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a composite material is basically the same as in example 1, except that in the step (2), 71 parts of polypropylene resin, 7 parts of ethylene octene copolymer, 20 parts of wheat straw powder, 2 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of lubricant are added into a double-screw extruder to be mixed and granulated according to parts by weight.
The final composite material has a flexural modulus of 1250MPa, a tensile strength of 16MPa and a notched impact strength of 7kJ/m 2 OIT is 24min.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing a composite material, substantially the same as in example 1, except that the interface-modified nanoparticle in step (1) was prepared without hydroxypropyl cellulose.
The final prepared composite material has a flexural modulus of 1400MPa, a tensile strength of 18MPa and a notched impact strength of 9kJ/m 2 OIT is 50min.
Comparative example 4
A method of preparing a composite material, substantially the same as in example 1, except that no ethylcellulose was used in the preparation of the interface-modified nanoparticles in step (1).
The final composite material has a flexural modulus of 1450MPa, a tensile strength of 17MPa and a notched impact strength of 8kJ/m 2 OIT is 48min.
Comparative example 5
A preparation method of a composite material is basically the same as in example 1, except that the wheat straw powder in step (1) is not subjected to alkali treatment.
The final composite material has a flexural modulus of 1350MPa, a tensile strength of 16MPa and a notched impact strength of 10kJ/m 2 OIT is 35min.
Comparative example 6
A method for preparing a composite material is basically the same as in example 1, except that no silane coupling agent is added in step (2), and the part of the polypropylene resin is 68 parts.
The final composite material has a flexural modulus of 1330MPa, a tensile strength of 15MPa and a notched impact strength of 11kJ/m 2 OIT is 33min.
Comparative example 7
A method for preparing a composite material is basically the same as in example 1, except that the interface modified nanoparticles in step (2) are replaced with polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (manufacturer is a good easy-to-use polymer (Shanghai) Co., ltd., brand CMG 9801).
The final composite material has a flexural modulus of 1650MPa, a tensile strength of 22MPa and a notched impact strength of 10kJ/m 2 OIT is 37min.
Example 2
The preparation method of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is basically the same as that in the embodiment 1, except that 76 parts of polypropylene resin, 5 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 3 parts of interface modified nano particles, 15 parts of wheat straw powder, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of lubricant are added into a double-screw extruder to be mixed and granulated according to parts by weight in the step (2), so that the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is obtained.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 1650MPa, the tensile strength is 21MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 13kJ/m 2 OIT is 45min.
Example 3
The preparation method of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that 71 parts of polypropylene resin, 5 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 8 parts of interface modified nano particles, 15 parts of wheat straw powder, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of lubricant are added into a double-screw extruder to be mixed and granulated according to parts by weight in the step (2), so that the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is obtained.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 1750MPa, the tensile strength is 23MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 14kJ/m 2 OIT is 53min.
Example 4
The preparation method of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that 53 parts of polypropylene resin, 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 8 parts of interface modified nano particles, 30 parts of wheat straw powder, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of lubricant are added into a double-screw extruder to be mixed and granulated according to parts by weight in the step (2), so that the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is obtained.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 2000MPa, the tensile strength is 26MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 16kJ/m 2 OIT is 55min.
Example 5
The preparation method of the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that in the step (2), 51 parts of polypropylene resin, 8 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 8 parts of interface modified nano particles, 30 parts of wheat straw powder, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.4 part of antioxidant and 0.3 part of lubricant are added into a double-screw extruder to be mixed and granulated according to parts by weight, so that the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is obtained.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 2050MPa, the tensile strength is 27MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 16kJ/m 2 OIT is 60min.
Example 6
A preparation method of a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
polypropylene resin: block copolymerized polypropylene (manufacturer is Yangzi petrochemical, brand is PPB-MN 30);
the interface modified nano particle with the diameter of 800-870nm is prepared by the following steps: uniformly stirring hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is H8384), ethyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is 247499) and absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature until the hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol are completely dissolved to obtain an electrospray solution, and carrying out electrostatic spraying on the electrospray solution at an electrostatic spraying speed of 0.8mL/H to obtain interface modified nanoparticles; wherein the volume ratio of the total mass of the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the ethyl cellulose in the electrospray solution to the solvent is 6g to 100mL, and the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the ethyl cellulose is 0.3 to 1;
wheat straw powder: the wheat straw powder subjected to alkali treatment comprises the following specific processes: soaking wheat straw powder in alkali solution at 60 ℃ to remove grease on the surface of the straw powder to obtain a rough surface, washing with clear water to pH 7, and drying to obtain alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the average grain diameter of the wheat straw powder is 80 meshes; the alkali solution is NaOH solution, and the mass fraction is 8%;
an antioxidant: an antioxidant 168 (manufacturer basf, germany) and an antioxidant 1010 (manufacturer basf, germany) mixture in a mass ratio of 1:1;
and (3) a lubricant: ethylene bis stearamide (manufacturer is Jiangxi Dong Yuan technology Co., ltd., brand DY 1909);
ethylene octene copolymer: the manufacturer is Tao Shidu bang with the trade mark of 8480;
silane coupling agent: the manufacturer is Shandong Nede New Material technology Co., ltd, and the brand is KH550;
(2) According to the weight portion, adding 70 portions of polypropylene resin, 6 portions of interface modified nano particles, 5 portions of ethylene-octene copolymer, 18 portions of wheat straw powder, 1 portion of silane coupling agent, 0.3 portion of antioxidant and 0.4 portion of lubricant into a double-screw extruder for mixing and granulating to obtain the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material; wherein, the temperatures of the first zone and the ninth zone of the double-screw extruder are 160 ℃ and 160 ℃ respectively 160 ℃, 170 ℃.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 1550MPa, the tensile strength is 20MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 18kJ/m 2 OIT is 48min.
Example 7
A preparation method of a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
polypropylene resin: random copolymer polypropylene (manufacturer: plastic industry, brand 5018T);
the interface modified nano particle with the diameter of 850-950nm is prepared by the following steps: uniformly stirring hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is H8384), ethyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is 247499) and absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain an electrospray solution, and carrying out electrostatic spraying on the electrospray solution at an electrostatic spraying speed of 1mL/H to obtain interface modified nanoparticles; wherein the volume ratio of the total mass of the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the ethyl cellulose in the electrospray solution to the solvent is 6g to 100mL, and the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the ethyl cellulose is 0.3 to 1;
wheat straw powder: the wheat straw powder subjected to alkali treatment comprises the following specific processes: soaking wheat straw powder in alkali solution at 60 ℃ to remove grease on the surface of the straw powder to obtain a rough surface, washing with clear water to pH 7, and drying to obtain alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the average grain diameter of the wheat straw powder is 80 meshes; the alkaline solution is KOH solution, and the mass fraction is 10%;
an antioxidant: an antioxidant 168 (manufacturer basf, germany) and an antioxidant 1010 (manufacturer basf, germany) mixture in a mass ratio of 1:1;
and (3) a lubricant: ethylene bis stearamide (manufacturer is Jiangxi Dong Yuan technology Co., ltd., brand DY 1909);
ethylene octene copolymer: the manufacturer is Tao Shidu bang with the trade mark of 8480;
silane coupling agent: the manufacturer is Shandong Nede New Material technology Co., ltd, and the brand is KH550;
(2) Adding 64 parts of polypropylene resin, 7 parts of interface modified nano particles, 5 parts of ethylene-octene copolymer, 22 parts of wheat straw powder, 2 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.7 part of antioxidant and 0.5 part of lubricant into a double-screw extruder, mixing and granulating to obtain a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material; wherein, the temperatures of the first zone and the ninth zone of the double-screw extruder are 160 ℃ and 160 ℃ respectively 160 ℃, 170 ℃.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 1760MPa, the tensile strength is 22MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 16kJ/m 2 OIT is 50min.
Example 8
A preparation method of a wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials;
polypropylene resin: a mixture of random copolymer polypropylene (manufacturer is the bench plastic industry, the trade mark is 5018T) and homo-copolymer polypropylene (manufacturer is the petrochemical industry, the trade mark is T30S) with the mass ratio of 1:1;
the preparation process of the interface modified nano particle with the diameter of 930-1000nm comprises the following steps: uniformly stirring hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is H8384), ethyl cellulose (manufacturer is sigma aldrich (Shanghai) trade company, product number is 247499) and absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature until the hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol are completely dissolved to obtain an electrospray solution, and carrying out electrostatic spraying on the electrospray solution at an electrostatic spraying speed of 1.2mL/H to obtain interface modified nanoparticles; wherein the volume ratio of the total mass of the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the ethyl cellulose in the electrospray solution to the solvent is 6g to 100mL, and the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the ethyl cellulose is 0.5 to 1;
wheat straw powder: the wheat straw powder subjected to alkali treatment comprises the following specific processes: soaking wheat straw powder in alkali solution at 60 ℃ to remove grease on the surface of the straw powder to obtain a rough surface, washing with clear water to pH 7, and drying to obtain alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the average grain diameter of the wheat straw powder is 80 meshes; the alkaline solution is KOH solution, and the mass fraction is 12%;
an antioxidant: an antioxidant 168 (manufacturer basf, germany) and an antioxidant 1010 (manufacturer basf, germany) mixture in a mass ratio of 1:1;
and (3) a lubricant: ethylene bis stearamide (manufacturer is Jiangxi Dong Yuan technology Co., ltd., brand DY 1909);
ethylene octene copolymer: the manufacturer is Tao Shidu bang with the trade mark of 8480;
silane coupling agent: the manufacturer is Shandong Nede New Material technology Co., ltd, and the brand is KH550;
(2) According to the weight portion, adding 56 portions of polypropylene resin, 8 portions of interface modified nano particles, 5 portions of ethylene-octene copolymer, 28 portions of wheat straw powder, 3 portions of silane coupling agent, 1 portion of antioxidant and 0.5 portion of lubricant into a double-screw extruder for mixing and granulating to obtain the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material; wherein, the temperatures of the first zone and the ninth zone of the double-screw extruder are 160 ℃ and 160 ℃ respectively 160 ℃, 170 ℃.
The bending modulus of the finally prepared wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is 1620MPa, the tensile strength is 21MPa, and the notched impact strength of a simply supported beam is 17kJ/m 2 OIT is 49min.
Claims (10)
1. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-80 parts of polypropylene resin, 3-8 parts of interface modified nanoparticles, 5-8 parts of ethylene octene copolymer, 15-30 parts of wheat straw powder and 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent;
the interface modified nano particles are obtained by electrostatic electrospraying of an electrospraying solution containing hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and ethyl cellulose;
the volume ratio of the total mass of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the ethyl cellulose in the electrospray solution to the solvent is 4-6g to 100mL, and the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to the ethyl cellulose is 0.3-0.5 to 1; the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol;
the wheat straw powder is alkali-treated wheat straw powder.
2. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the polypropylene resin is one or more of random copolymer polypropylene, homo-copolymer polypropylene and block copolymer polypropylene.
3. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the interface modified nano particles is as follows: and uniformly stirring hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and a solvent until the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the ethyl cellulose and the solvent are completely dissolved to obtain an electrospray solution, and carrying out electrostatic spraying on the electrospray solution to obtain the interface modified nano particles.
4. A wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite according to claim 3, wherein the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose has a number average molecular weight of 22,000g/mol; the number average molecular weight of the ethyl cellulose is 10000g/mol; the speed of electrostatic spraying is 0.8-1.2mL/h; the diameter of the interface modified nano particles is 800-1000nm.
5. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of alkali treatment is as follows: soaking wheat straw powder in alkali solution at 60 ℃ to remove grease on the surface of the straw powder to obtain a rough surface, washing with clear water to pH 7, and drying to obtain alkali-treated wheat straw powder; the average grain diameter of the wheat straw powder is 80 meshes; the alkali solution is NaOH solution or KOH solution, and the mass fraction is 8% -12%.
6. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is KH550.
7. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to claim 1, further comprising 0.3-1 part of an antioxidant and 0.3-0.5 part of a lubricant in parts by weight.
8. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to claim 7, wherein the antioxidant is one or more of hindered amine antioxidants, hindered phenol antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants.
9. The wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material has a flexural modulus of 1650-2050MPa, a tensile strength of 21-27MPa, and a notched impact strength of 13-16kJ/m 2 OIT is 45-60min.
10. A method for preparing the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that the components are added into a double-screw extruder according to the weight proportion and then mixed and granulated at 160-170 ℃ to obtain the wheat straw powder polypropylene wood-plastic composite material.
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