CN115947682A - Synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine - Google Patents

Synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine Download PDF

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CN115947682A
CN115947682A CN202310096613.9A CN202310096613A CN115947682A CN 115947682 A CN115947682 A CN 115947682A CN 202310096613 A CN202310096613 A CN 202310096613A CN 115947682 A CN115947682 A CN 115947682A
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methylpyridine
bromo
hydroxy
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蔡启军
柴宁
柴斌
石博
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Shanxi Yongjin Group Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) Reacting 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromization reagent to obtain 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine; 2) Reacting 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromination reagent to obtain 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine; 3) Reacting 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine with sodium methoxide to obtain 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine; 4) The 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine reacts with acid to remove methyl to obtain the 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, and the method has the advantages of simple process line, mild reaction conditions, lower production cost, high yield and suitability for large-scale production.

Description

Synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, in particular to a synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
Background
3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine has wide application as fine chemical raw materials, medical intermediates and the like: as reported in patent WO2015089192A1, it can synthesize lysine-specific demethylase-1 inhibitors useful for the treatment of cancers such as prostate, breast, bladder, lung, melanoma and the like. As reported in patent WO2008101682A2, the novel bactericide can be synthesized.
The synthesis process for 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine disclosed and reported at present uses 2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine as a raw material, firstly reacts with a bromination reagent to obtain 3, 5-dibromo-6-methylpyridine-2-ol, the yield is 88%, then a bromine atom is selectively removed by n-butyl lithium under cryogenic conditions (-60 ℃ to-90 ℃) to obtain a crude product of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, and the final product needs to be purified by a column due to poor dehalogenation effect, and the yield is only 17%. (reference: WO2015089192A1 and WO2016037005A 1), the synthetic routes are shown in the following formula. The process is complicated, and the operation is unsafe due to the use of highly flammable n-butyllithium; in addition, a large amount of by-products are generated during regioselective debromination, so that the post-treatment of the final product is difficult, and pure 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine is difficult to obtain; the total yield is not high and is less than 15 percent, so that the industrialization cost is high; therefore, the process is not suitable for large-scale production.
Figure SMS_1
In conclusion, the existing synthesis method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine has the problems of high industrial cost and unsuitability for large-scale production due to complex operation of technological processes, poor operation safety, low total yield and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a synthesis method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, which has the advantages of simple process route, mild reaction conditions, low production cost and high yield and is suitable for large-scale production.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine comprises the following steps:
(1) Reacting 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromization reagent to obtain 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine;
(2) Reacting 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromination reagent to obtain 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine;
(3) Reacting 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine with sodium methoxide to obtain 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine;
(4) 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine reacts with acid to remove methyl to obtain 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
Further, the specific process of the step (1) is as follows: adding 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine into solvent pyridine, stirring for dissolving, slowly adding a bromization reagent at a temperature of between 5 ℃ below zero and T1 of less than or equal to 50 ℃, controlling the temperature at T2 of between 10 ℃ and T2 of less than or equal to 100 ℃, continuously reacting at the temperature T2 until the reaction is complete, carrying out TLC detection on the reaction raw materials, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the reaction mixture after the reaction is complete, pouring residues into ice water, stirring for 1 hour at 0-5 ℃, forming a precipitate, filtering, washing the precipitate with water, and drying to obtain a light yellow solid 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
Further, the brominating reagent in the step (1) is bromine, pyridine tribromide, 1, 3-dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin, N-bromosuccinimide or 1,3, 5-tribromo-1, 3, 5-thiazinane-2, 4, 6-trione; the mass ratio of the 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine to the brominating agent is 1: (1-3).
Further, the specific process of the step (2) is as follows: slowly adding a brominating reagent into 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine in the presence of a solvent, heating to T3 at the temperature of more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃ after the adding is finished, reacting overnight, detecting by TLC (thin layer chromatography) the reaction is complete, cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature, pouring the reaction liquid into ice water for destruction, stirring for half an hour, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using sodium bicarbonate solid, extracting by using an organic solvent for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases by using saturated salt for twice, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a light yellow liquid 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine.
Further, the brominating reagent in the step (2) is phosphorus oxybromide, phosphorus tribromide or trimethyl bromosilane; the mass ratio of the 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine to the brominating reagent is 1: (1-8).
Further, the solvent in the step (2) is acetonitrile, toluene, dichloroethane or 1, 4-dioxane; the organic solvent for extraction is ethyl acetate, dichloroethane, dichloromethane, toluene or methyl tert-butyl ether.
Further, the specific process of the step (3) is as follows: adding sodium methoxide into an organic solvent, then adding 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine, heating a reaction mixture to T4, wherein the temperature of T4 is more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃, reacting overnight, the next day, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature after TLC detection reaction is completed, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring residues into ice water, then extracting for 3 times by using dichloromethane, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases with saturated salt water twice, drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain colorless liquid 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine.
Further, the organic solvent in the step (3) is toluene, methanol, 1, 4-dioxane or N, N-dimethylformamide; the mass ratio of the 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine to the sodium methoxide is 1: (1-8).
Further, the specific process of the step (4) is as follows: slowly adding 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine into an acid solution under stirring at normal temperature, heating the reaction mixture to T5, reacting at the temperature of more than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 120 ℃, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature after TLC detection reaction is completed, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into ice water, adjusting the pH of the residue to be =8 by using potassium carbonate solid, extracting by ethyl acetate for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phase with saturated common salt water twice, drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain the white-like solid 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
Further, the acid solution in step (4) is hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, acetic acid hydrogen bromide solution, dilute sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention discloses a synthesis method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, which takes 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine as a raw material in a synthesis route and comprises 4 steps of synthesis of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, synthesis of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine, synthesis of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine and synthesis of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine. The preparation method has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple process, easy operation and low cost, and the product has higher yield and purity, is suitable for large-scale production and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine synthesized by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
A synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine comprises the following steps:
1) Reacting 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromination reagent to obtain 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine;
2) Reacting 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromination reagent to obtain 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine;
3) Reacting 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine with sodium methoxide to obtain 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine;
4) 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine reacts with acid to remove methyl to obtain 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, and the synthetic route is as follows:
Figure SMS_2
the specific process of the step (1) is as follows: adding 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine into solvent pyridine, stirring for dissolving, slowly adding a bromization reagent at a temperature of between 5 ℃ below zero and T1 of less than or equal to 50 ℃, controlling the temperature at T2 of between 10 ℃ and T2 of less than or equal to 100 ℃, continuously reacting at the temperature T2 until the reaction is complete, carrying out TLC detection on the reaction raw materials, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the reaction mixture after the reaction is complete, pouring residues into ice water, stirring for 1 hour at 0-5 ℃, forming a precipitate, filtering, washing the precipitate with water, and drying to obtain a light yellow solid 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine. Wherein the bromization reagent is bromine, pyridine tribromide, 1, 3-dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin, N-bromosuccinimide or 1,3, 5-tribromo-1, 3, 5-thiazinane-2, 4, 6-trione; the mass ratio of 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine to brominating agent may be 1: (1-3).
The specific process of the step (2) is as follows: slowly adding a brominating reagent into 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine in the presence of a solvent, heating to T3 at the temperature of more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃ after the adding is finished, reacting overnight, detecting by TLC (thin layer chromatography) the reaction is complete, cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature, pouring the reaction liquid into ice water for destruction, stirring for half an hour, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using sodium bicarbonate solid, extracting by using an organic solvent for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases by using saturated salt for twice, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a light yellow liquid 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine. Wherein the brominating agent can be phosphorus oxybromide, phosphorus tribromide or trimethyl bromosilane; the mass ratio of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine to brominating agent may be 1: (1-8). The solvent can be acetonitrile, toluene, dichloroethane or 1, 4-dioxane; the organic solvent for extraction may be ethyl acetate, dichloroethane, dichloromethane, toluene or methyl tert-butyl ether.
The specific process of the step (3) is as follows: adding sodium methoxide into an organic solvent, adding 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine, heating a reaction mixture to T4 at the temperature of more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃, reacting overnight, detecting by TLC (thin layer chromatography) for the next day after the reaction is completed, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring residues into ice water, extracting by using dichloromethane for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases with saturated salt twice, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and performing desolventization under reduced pressure to obtain colorless liquid 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine. Wherein the organic solvent can be toluene, methanol, 1, 4-dioxane or N, N-dimethylformamide; the mass ratio of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine to sodium methoxide may be 1: (1-8).
The specific process of the step (4) is as follows: slowly adding 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine into an acid solution under stirring at normal temperature, heating the reaction mixture to T5, reacting at the temperature of more than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 120 ℃, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature after TLC detection reaction is completed, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into ice water, adjusting the pH of the residue to be =8 by using potassium carbonate solid, extracting by ethyl acetate for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phase with saturated common salt water twice, drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain the white-like solid 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine. Wherein the acid solution can be hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, acetic acid hydrogen bromide solution, dilute sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
Example 1
1. Synthesis of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 400mL of pyridine into a 1L four-mouth bottle, slowly adding 100g (916 mmol) of 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring, stirring and dissolving, cooling to 0 ℃ in an ice water bath, slowly dropwise adding 147g (916 mmol) of bromine, controlling the temperature to be not higher than 10 ℃, stirring and reacting at 0-10 ℃ for 1 hour, removing the ice water bath, and naturally heating to room temperature for reacting overnight. The next day, TLC detection of the reaction of the raw materials was complete, the reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, the residue was poured into 800g of ice water, stirred at 0-5 ℃ for 1 hour to form a precipitate, filtered, washed with water and dried to obtain 152g of pale yellow solid 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine in 88% yield.
2. Synthesis of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine
Acetonitrile (600 ml) is added into a 1L four-mouth bottle, 188g (1000 mmol) of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine is added under the condition of normal temperature and stirring, then tribromooxyphosphorus (373g, 1301mmol) is slowly added, after the addition, the temperature is not obviously raised, the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, the reaction is kept overnight, next day, TLC detects the reaction is complete, the reaction liquid is cooled to the room temperature, then the reaction liquid is poured into 2kg of ice water to be destroyed, stirring is carried out for half an hour, the pH is adjusted to 7-8 by sodium bicarbonate solid, ethyl acetate is extracted (1L x 3), organic phases are combined, the organic phases are washed twice (1L x 2) by saturated salt water, anhydrous sodium sulfate is dried, decompression and desolventization is carried out, 234g of light yellow liquid 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine is obtained, and the yield is 93%.
3. Synthesis of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 1.2L of 1, 4-dioxane into a 2L four-mouth bottle, adding 97g of sodium methoxide (1793 mmol) under stirring at normal temperature, then adding 150g of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine (598 mmol), after the addition, heating the reaction mixture to 100 ℃, refluxing and reacting overnight, detecting the reaction by TLC for the next day, completely reacting, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 1.5kg of ice water, then extracting by dichloromethane (1L x 3), combining organic phases, washing the organic phase twice by saturated saline (1L x 2), drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing the solution under reduced pressure to obtain 115g of colorless liquid 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine with the yield of 95%.
4. Synthesis of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 1000mL of 30wt% hydrogen bromide acetic acid solution into a 2L four-mouth bottle, slowly adding 101g (500 mmol) of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring at normal temperature, heating the reaction mixture to 100 ℃ after the addition is finished, carrying out reflux reaction for 2 hours, detecting complete reaction by TLC, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 1.2kg of ice water, adjusting the pH to =8 by using potassium carbonate solid, extracting (1L x 3) by using ethyl acetate, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases twice (1L x 2) by using saturated saline, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and carrying out desolventization under reduced pressure to obtain 88g of white-like solid 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, wherein the yield is 93%. The 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine NMR spectrum is shown in FIG. 1, 1H NMR (400MHz, CDCI3): delta 2.35 (s, 3H), 5.97 (d, J =7.2Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J =7.2Hz, 1H), 12.36 (br.s, 1H).
Example 2
1. Synthesis of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine 23003-35-2
Adding 400mL of pyridine into a 1L four-mouth bottle, slowly adding 100g (916 mmol) of 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring, stirring to dissolve, cooling to 10 ℃ in an ice water bath, then slowly dropwise adding 147g (916 mmol) of bromine, controlling the temperature to be not higher than 40 ℃, completing the dropwise addition, reacting at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, detecting by TLC that the raw materials are completely reacted, distilling the reaction mixture under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 800g of ice water, stirring for 1 hour at 0-5 ℃, forming a precipitate, filtering, washing with water, and drying to obtain 131g of light yellow solid 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, wherein the yield is 76%.
2. Synthesis of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine
Acetonitrile (600 ml) is added into a 1L four-mouth bottle, 188g (1000 mmol) of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine is added under stirring at normal temperature, then tribromooxyphosphorus (373g, 1301mmol) is slowly added, after the addition, obvious temperature rise is avoided, the temperature is raised to 80 ℃, the reaction is kept overnight, next day, TLC detection reaction is completed, the reaction liquid is cooled to room temperature, then the reaction liquid is poured into 2kg of ice water for destruction, stirring is carried out for half an hour, the pH value of sodium bicarbonate solid is adjusted to 7-8, ethyl acetate is extracted (1L. Multidot.3), organic phases are combined, the organic phase is washed twice (1L. Times.2) by saturated salt water, anhydrous sodium sulfate is dried, decompression and desolventization is carried out, 223g of light yellow liquid 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine is obtained, and the yield is 89%.
3. Synthesis of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 1.2L of methanol into a 3L four-mouth bottle, adding 97g of sodium methoxide (1793 mmol) under an ice-water bath, then adding 150g of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine (598 mmol), heating the reaction mixture to 70 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction overnight after the next day, detecting that the reaction is complete by TLC, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 1.5kg of ice water, then extracting with dichloromethane (1L. X.3), combining organic phases, washing the organic phases twice with saturated saline (1L. Times.2), drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and carrying out desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain 108g of colorless liquid 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine, wherein the yield is 89%.
4. Synthesis of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 1000mL of 30wt% hydrobromic acid aqueous solution into a 2L four-mouth bottle, slowly adding 101g (500 mmol) of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring at normal temperature, after the addition is finished, heating the reaction mixture to 100 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, detecting by TLC to complete the reaction, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 1.2kg of ice water, adjusting the pH to =8 with potassium carbonate solid, extracting with ethyl acetate (1L x 3), combining organic phases, washing the organic phases twice with saturated saline (1L x 2), drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain 83g of white-like solid 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine, with the yield of 88%.
Example 3
1. Synthesis of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 400mL of pyridine into a 1L four-mouth bottle, slowly adding 100g (916 mmol) of 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring, stirring for dissolving, cooling to 10 ℃ in an ice water bath, slowly adding 171g (960 mmol) of N-bromosuccinimide, controlling the temperature to be not higher than 20 ℃, stirring for reacting for 1 hour at 10-20 ℃, and reacting at 50 ℃ overnight. The next day, TLC detection of the reaction of the raw materials was complete, the reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure, the residue was poured into 800g of ice water, and after stirring at 0-5 ℃ for 1 hour, a precipitate was formed, which was filtered, washed with water, and dried to obtain 117g of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine as a pale yellow solid with a yield of 68%.
2. Synthesis of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine
Adding dichloroethane (600 ml) into a 1L four-mouth bottle, adding 188g (1000 mmol) of 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring at normal temperature, then slowly adding phosphorus tribromoxide (287g, 1000mmol), raising the temperature to 50 ℃ without obvious temperature after the addition, reacting overnight, detecting the reaction by TLC for the next day, completely reacting, cooling the reaction solution to room temperature, then pouring the reaction solution into 2kg of ice water for destruction, stirring for half an hour, adjusting the pH value of sodium bicarbonate solid to 7-8, extracting dichloroethane (1L x 3), combining organic phases, washing the organic phases twice (1L x 2) by using saturated salt water, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and performing decompression and desolventization to obtain 196g of pale yellow liquid 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine with the yield of 78%.
3. Synthesis of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 1.2L of methanol into a 3L four-mouth bottle, adding 65g of sodium methoxide (1204 mmol) in an ice-water bath, then adding 150g of 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine (598 mmol), heating the reaction mixture to 68 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction overnight after the addition, detecting the reaction completion by TLC the next day, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 1.5kg of ice water, then extracting with dichloromethane (1L. X.3), combining organic phases, washing the organic phases twice with saturated saline (1L. Times.2), drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and carrying out desolventization under reduced pressure to obtain 98g of colorless liquid 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine with the yield of 81%.
4. Synthesis of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine
Adding 1000mL of 30wt% hydrochloric acid into a 2L four-mouth bottle, slowly adding 101g (500 mmol) of 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine under stirring at normal temperature, after the addition, heating the reaction mixture to 110 ℃ for reaction overnight, the next day, detecting by TLC that the reaction is complete, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into 1.2kg of ice water, adjusting the pH to =8 with potassium carbonate solid, extracting with ethyl acetate (1L x 3), combining organic phases, washing the organic phases twice with saturated saline (1L x 2), drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain 76g of white-like solid 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with the yield of 81%.
The above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art should also realize that changes, modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Reacting 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromization reagent to obtain 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine;
(2) Reacting 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine with a bromination reagent to obtain 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine;
(3) Reacting 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine with sodium methoxide to obtain 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine;
(4) 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine reacts with acid to remove methyl to obtain 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
2. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step (1) is as follows: adding 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine into solvent pyridine, stirring for dissolving, slowly adding a bromization reagent at a temperature of between 5 ℃ below zero and T1 of less than or equal to 50 ℃, controlling the temperature at T2 of between 10 ℃ and T2 of less than or equal to 100 ℃, continuously reacting at the temperature T2 until the reaction is complete, carrying out TLC detection on the reaction raw materials, carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the reaction mixture after the reaction is complete, pouring residues into ice water, stirring for 1 hour at 0-5 ℃, forming a precipitate, filtering, washing the precipitate with water, and drying to obtain a light yellow solid 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
3. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 2, wherein: the brominating reagent in the step (1) is phosphorus oxybromide, phosphorus tribromide or trimethyl bromosilane; the mass ratio of the 3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine to the brominating agent is 1: (1-3).
4. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step (2) is as follows: slowly adding a brominating reagent into 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine in the presence of a solvent, heating to T3 at the temperature of more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃ after the adding is finished, reacting overnight, detecting by TLC (thin layer chromatography) the reaction is complete, cooling the reaction liquid to room temperature, pouring the reaction liquid into ice water for destruction, stirring for half an hour, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using sodium bicarbonate solid, extracting by using an organic solvent for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases by using saturated salt for twice, drying by using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a light yellow liquid 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine.
5. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 4, wherein: the brominating reagent in the step (2) is bromine, pyridine tribromide, 1, 3-dibromo-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin, N-bromosuccinimide or 1,3, 5-tribromo-1, 3, 5-thiazine-2, 4, 6-trione; the mass ratio of the 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine to the brominating reagent is 1: (1-8).
6. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solvent in the step (2) is acetonitrile, toluene, dichloroethane or 1, 4-dioxane; the organic solvent for extraction is ethyl acetate, dichloroethane, dichloromethane, toluene or methyl tert-butyl ether.
7. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step (3) is as follows: adding sodium methoxide into an organic solvent, then adding 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine, heating a reaction mixture to T4, wherein the temperature of T4 is more than or equal to 20 ℃ and less than or equal to 150 ℃, reacting overnight, the next day, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature after TLC detection reaction is completed, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring residues into ice water, then extracting for 3 times by using dichloromethane, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases with saturated salt water twice, drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain colorless liquid 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine.
8. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic solvent in the step (3) is toluene, methanol, 1, 4-dioxane or N, N-dimethylformamide; the mass ratio of the 2, 3-dibromo-6-methylpyridine to the sodium methoxide is 1: (1-8).
9. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step (4) is as follows: slowly adding 3-bromo-2-methoxy-6-methylpyridine into an acid solution under stirring at normal temperature, heating the reaction mixture to T5, reacting at the temperature of more than or equal to 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 120 ℃, cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature after TLC detection reaction is completed, then evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, pouring the residue into ice water, adjusting the pH of the residue to be =8 by using potassium carbonate solid, extracting by ethyl acetate for 3 times, combining organic phases, washing the organic phase with saturated common salt water twice, drying by anhydrous sodium sulfate, and desolventizing under reduced pressure to obtain the white-like solid 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine.
10. The method for synthesizing 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine according to claim 9, wherein: the acid solution in the step (4) is hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, acetic acid hydrogen bromide solution, dilute sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
CN202310096613.9A 2023-02-10 2023-02-10 Synthetic method of 3-bromo-2-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine Pending CN115947682A (en)

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