CN115945669A

CN115945669A - Impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation flow groove

Info

Publication number: CN115945669A
Application number: CN202310067346.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马超; 刘海峰; 武国春; 梁鑫; 白帮伟; 张宏仁; 李春雨; 王巍; 谢理明
Original assignee: CITIC Dicastal Co Ltd
Current assignee: CITIC Dicastal Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-29
Filing date: 2023-01-29
Publication date: 2023-04-11
Anticipated expiration: 2043-01-29
Also published as: CN115945669B

Abstract

The utility model provides an impact-resistant long-life on-stick aluminium heat preservation chute, includes the body, and the body includes stress expansion gap, prestressing force layering, gusset, casing, soft heat preservation casting material, the lining wall, the inside lining, chute build the material section and divide multilayer structure, by interior arranging in proper order outside to have inside lining and lining wall and soft heat preservation to pour material and casing. The invention solves the historical problems of firm bonding of aluminum slag in the aluminum liquid launder, short service life and high maintenance and repair frequency, and accelerates the pace of the aluminum industry fused into the information era a little.

Description

Impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation flow groove

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting, in particular to an impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation launder.

Background

Most of electrolytic aluminum, smelting and standing refining furnaces and the like need to be provided with aluminum receiving and discharging chutes, the chutes are not core equipment for aluminum production but are indispensable auxiliary devices starting from the production flow of aluminum liquid, and the historically and consistently used refractory materials of the devices are mainly made of alumina-silica series cast or masonry refractory materials, and have the defect that the refractory materials crack in a hundred percent when being put into use. The rate of crack gap enlargement is directly proportional to the frequency of use, and the failure quickly results in a short life, requiring frequent repair and replacement. In addition, the aluminum slag is firmly bonded, the reason of firm bonding of the aluminum slag is that most of components in the material have the same chemical and physical properties as those of the aluminum liquid oxide slag, the components of the same parts are aluminum oxide, the microcosmic flocculent structure of the aluminum oxide is in isotropic chemical combination connection with the aluminum oxide of the microcosmic flocculent structure, the firm bonding of the aluminum liquid oxide slag and the launder wall is determined on the theoretical level, the viscosity of the aluminum liquid is low, the wettability is strong, the aluminum slag is formed by oxidizing the aluminum liquid infiltrated to the surface of the alumina-silica-based refractory material into slag, the effect similar to that of flocculent aluminum oxide plated flocculent aluminum oxide films is achieved, the mechanical strength of the slag formed by oxidation is larger than that of the launder wall formed by casting or building of the aluminum oxide, and the condition that metal aluminum is compounded in incompletely oxidized oxide, the slag has both hardness and toughness, the hardness is the same as that of the launder wall parent metal aluminum, the adhered mother metal is extremely difficult to clean, and if the slag is cleaned, the mother metal of the launder wall is torn off and falls off. Therefore, the current launder has frequent and never-clean cleaning, which is not changed by the industry's attention since the aluminum production enters large-scale industrial production, and has no reason or cause for the change because the alumina-silica-based refractory material is the ancient refractory material which has the most reserves on the earth surface, is the oldest and the cheapest, has the most common use and is the most familiar to the craftsman for thousands of years, and has a serious problem in which the technical bias in the industry is regarded as a natural law phenomenon and disregards, and is adopted until the birth of the die casting technology in the electrolytic aluminum, and is still not solved by the technical limitation or the technical bias. The mechanism that the launder is easy to crack and has short service life is that the launder is in an intermittent working mode, aluminum liquid flows through the launder when in use, the inner surface of the launder wall is heated and expanded at first, the heat at the outer side of the launder wall is not conducted and is not expanded, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside forms asynchronous expansion, and the brittle alumina-silica system inevitably generates asynchronous change of crack balance geometric dimension at the outer side of the launder wall. The same is true. When the aluminum liquid flows through the cooling device, the inner surface of the runner wall flowing through the aluminum liquid is firstly cooled, the aluminum liquid is firstly contracted, the heated inner part of the runner wall can be cooled and contracted only by heat conduction within a certain time, asynchronous change of the geometric dimension of the inner part and the inner surface inevitably leads to asynchronous change of the first cracking balance geometric dimension of the inner surface of the runner wall, cracks expand repeatedly until the aluminum liquid can be immersed into cracks and then oxidized and expand, the cracks expand continuously repeatedly, and finally the runner wall is broken and damaged. The damage rate is in direct proportion to the frequency of the aluminum liquid flowing through. In a word, the physical phase of the non-cracking furnace material is regarded as a natural law in the industry, the non-cracking furnace material cannot exceed the natural law and cannot be avoided, the historical problems of serious aluminum slag adhesion, short service life and high maintenance and repair frequency exist in the conventional aluminum liquid launder, and the historical technical limitation or bias cannot be thoroughly solved from ancient to present.

Aiming at the historical technical problems of the aluminum liquid launder, the invention particularly provides the aluminum liquid launder with a composite structure, which is expected to thoroughly solve the technical problems of serious aluminum-bonded slag, short service life and high maintenance and repair frequency of the conventional aluminum liquid launder. At present, the technical problems of the aluminum liquid launder are particularly solved, and electrolytic aluminum, smelting aluminum and cast aluminum are extremely high in electric energy consumption industry. Aluminum industry, nonferrous metallurgy, rare earth and steel four-diamond share more than half of energy supply of the whole country every year since China entered the industrial era, especially coal resources are almost divided by electricity and all fruits of the four-diamond, and low carbon and carbon neutralization are necessary requirements for human life at present, so that energy is urgently saved. The arrival of 5G everything interconnection and cloud service platforms during urgent energy conservation triggers a big transformation which is impossible for old traditional metallurgy smelting for hundreds of years. Although the four kingdoms are difficult to integrate into a 5G ten-thousand-object interconnection and cloud service platform in a short period, and energy conservation and environmental protection are fully utilized by integrating more reasonable circulation distribution of energy by utilizing big data advantages, the trend is that whether the kingdoms are integrated or not is only a problem of time, and from now on, each detail of the traditional industry is made good in the aspects of reliability, operability, energy conservation, long service life and the like, and the integration into the informatization era is faster. There are some patent applications whose technical objectives tend to be clearly directed towards 5G everything interconnection and energy saving, such as: the soft heat-insulating casting material provided by the application numbers 202011235700.0, 2019102354107, 201910396404.X and the like has been tried out in the industry of China telecom card companies to obtain the most advanced heat-insulating and energy-saving technical indexes. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for solving the historical problems of firm bonding of aluminum slag in the aluminum liquid flow groove, short service life and high maintenance and repair frequency by using the industrial test result technology, and the method is a little accelerated step for the aluminum industry to be integrated into the information era.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation launder, which can solve the historical problems of serious aluminum-stick slag, extremely short service life and high maintenance and repair frequency in the existing working condition.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the utility model provides an impact-resistant long-life on-stick aluminium heat preservation chute, includes the body, and the body includes stress expansion gap, prestressing force layering, gusset, casing, soft heat preservation casting material, the lining wall, the inside lining, chute masonry material section divide multilayer structure, by arranging inside lining and lining wall and soft heat preservation in proper order outside to pour material and casing.

In some embodiments, each layer of the sequentially layered multi-layer structure has a curved shape, a rib plate is arranged at the position of a runner edge of the sequentially layered multi-layer structure, a prestressed pressing strip is welded at the position of a housing along the rib plate and the runner edge, the prestressed pressing strip limits the position of a prestressed expansion gap to move upwards, supports the prestressed expansion gap to accumulate rebound force, and is applied to the sequentially layered lining wall, the lining and the lining wall.

In some embodiments, the lining is ground from four sides of the block and laid without mud ports to form a grid-like pre-designed texture.

In some embodiments, the two ends of the launder are provided with mounting flanges, the mounting flanges are connected with the shell into a whole, the mounting flanges connected with the shell into a whole are provided with screw holes, the mounting flanges with the screw holes are also provided with right-angle openings matched with the positioning right angles of the positioning slide ways, and the launder is positioned and slidably mounted on the positioning slide ways through the right-angle openings of the flanges.

In some embodiments, a cover plate is arranged on the flow groove, and a gas pipe is arranged on the cover plate and is connected with a combustion tail gas pipe of the furnace.

In some embodiments, the lining brick material component is zirconia, and the zirconia content is more than or equal to 29%.

In some embodiments, the effective component used in the lining brick type is zirconia corundum or a rhombohedral phase zirconia product.

Compared with the prior art, the impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation launder has the following advantages:

the lining brick type adopts the effective components of a zirconia corundum or oblique tetragonal crystal phase zirconia product, the zirconia corundum or oblique tetragonal crystal phase zirconia product is completely different from the flocculent crystal phase of alumina, aluminum liquid has certain wettability to the alumina, the wall surface force and the surface tension of the aluminum liquid-infiltrated aluminum material form a trend of rising upwards at the boundary between the wall of the alumina material and the aluminum liquid surface, the boundary liquid surface which tends to rise is in a blade shape, the oxidation of the blade-shaped boundary liquid surface always occurs at the outer side of the blade surface, and the inner surface at the outer side of the blade surface always has metal aluminum which can not be completely oxidized; the aluminum oxide oxidized by the metal aluminum and the homogeneous simple substance on the wall surface of the aluminum oxide material belong to the same family, the crystal phase is twisted and basically hard enough (the hardness of the aluminum oxide crystal is equal to 90 percent of that of diamond), and the metal aluminum which can not be completely oxidized exists and is compounded together, the hardness is the same as that of the wall of the aluminum oxide material, the toughness is much stronger, so that the aluminum oxide slag is hung on the boundary of the aluminum liquid surface on the wall surface of the aluminum oxide material, the aluminum oxide slag is firm and incomparable, and the aluminum oxide slag can not be easily removed and can only be hung more. The zirconia product of the zirconia corundum or the oblique tetragonal phase has high specific gravity and high density, crystal grains are arranged regularly and are not infiltrated by all metal liquid, the infiltration angle of the wall surface of the zirconia product of the zirconia corundum or the oblique tetragonal phase and the boundary of the metal liquid surface tends to 180 degrees, a meniscus is often formed at the boundary of the wall surface and the metal liquid surface, the oxidation of metal is the situation that the meniscus is not contacted with the wall surface, the surface is adhered only by a glass phase, and the lining brick shape does not hang alumina slag, thereby completely solving the problem that the alumina slag is firmly adhered to an aluminum launder.

The lining brick type adopts zirconia products with zirconia corundum or an oblique tetragonal phase as an effective component, the refractoriness of the pure zirconia products reaches 2700 ℃, the pure zirconia products do not have chemical reaction with all oxide solvents, the pure zirconia products do not have chemical corrosion with all solvents such as fluoride and the like under the working condition of an aluminum liquid state at 750 ℃, the chemical stability is extremely high, the refractoriness of the zirconia corundum with the content of more than or equal to 29 percent also reaches more than 2000 ℃, the pure zirconia products are used in the aluminum liquid state environment at 750 ℃, the difference between 750 ℃ and the refractoriness is 1200 ℃, the firing temperature of general porcelain is 1200-1300 ℃, the difference between the firing temperature of the porcelain bowl and the firing temperature of the porcelain bowl is about 1200 ℃, the difference between the firing temperature and the aluminium liquid is almost zero, and the chemical stability and the mechanical strength are never worn and never chemically corroded.

The lining brick taking zirconia crystal phase as main component directly touches aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid temperature is quickly transferred into the lining brick body to thermally expand, in order to avoid that each expansion size of the lining brick building body is accumulated to form larger size, one or a small number of large cracks are intensively expanded to damage the lining body, thin paper is pasted at a building gap before the lining brick building is built, uniform expansion joints are reserved after the thin paper is burnt, dry building is carried out without using mud, anchoring nails of the dry built lining brick are partially anchored in a lining wall formed by casting, when the lining brick anchored in the lining wall touches the aluminum liquid to expand by heating, most of heat is not transferred to the lining wall, the lining wall cannot synchronously expand with the lining brick, at the moment, the area range of cracks is designed to be easy to occur or the cracks with different sizes of the single lining brick size and the lining wall are not synchronous in expansion, the size of the crack is in direct proportion to the size of the lining brick type dimension, otherwise, when the thermal expansion dimension of the lining wall and the lining brick type is consistent after temperature conduction saturation, the crack which is easily generated in the expansion difference of the crack area range is expanded and closed under the reverse pushing of the rebound force P3 or P2 accumulated in the prestress expansion gap, the crack closure is repeated along with the flowing and leaving of the molten aluminum in the launder, the repeated crack closure crack is generated in the composite wall formed by combining the lining wall and the lining brick type, the molten aluminum cannot reach the crack, the problem that the built body is repeatedly damaged by the molten aluminum oxidation expansion crack is generated, and the weak resilience of the soft heat-insulation casting material protects the composite wall formed by combining the lining wall and the lining brick type from being damaged by the crack forever.

In conclusion, the technical scheme of the long-service-life aluminum liquid launder achieves the set purpose, and a. The lining brick type is made of zirconia corundum or inclined tetragonal phase zirconia, so that aluminum oxide slag can be prevented from being hung, and the problem that the aluminum liquid launder is firmly adhered with the aluminum slag is completely solved. b. The lining brick is used in an aluminum liquid environment at 750 ℃, has chemical stability equivalent to that of a ceramic bowl for tea making, and can never be worn or chemically corroded. c. The composite wall structure formed by combining the lining wall and the lining brick type has the advantages that the effective splitting crack stress is dispersed to the minimum part of each small lining brick type, the cracks are ingeniously hidden in the minimum part, the cracks are tiny and dispersed, the dispersed tiny cracks can not be soaked in the aluminum wetting liquid, the physical natural law regarded in the industry that furnace materials are not cracked is avoided, and the new cognition of the structure which is never damaged by the cracks is obtained. d. The composite wall body formed by combining the lining wall and the lining brick type never is damaged by cracks, and the problem of maintenance and repair is naturally solved. In addition, the cross section of the launder masonry material is of a multilayer structure, the lining wall, the soft heat-preservation pouring material and the shell are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, each layer of the multilayer structure sequentially arranged in a layered mode is of a bent shape, the bent shape is beneficial to the shape stability of the composite structure, and the stress distribution is uniform, so that the structural shape with long service life is facilitated. The aluminum liquid contacts the lining brick type and has certain residual heat when the aluminum liquid is discharged, the temperature gradient is greatly reduced, the gradient temperature is reduced, the temperature of the composite structure tends to approach, the thermal expansion also tends to approach or reduce the crack change or does not change, and the long service life of the structure is also facilitated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a specific embodiment of a long-life aluminum liquid launder of the present invention;

FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A butt-joint part of the molten aluminum launder of FIG. 1-FIG. 1 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view of the drawing A-A.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the prestress application method of the prestress expansion gap in fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal section view of another technical scheme of the aluminum liquid outflow launder in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the aluminum tapping launder of FIG. 4 with the cover plate removed.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view B-B of the aluminum liquid flow cell in FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of mounting flange parts of the aluminum outflow launder shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal section of a launder of the third technical scheme in FIG. 1 for receiving the inflow of molten aluminum.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 8.

FIG. 10 is a schematic top view of the launder of FIG. 9 receiving the inflow of aluminum liquid.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the direction of an aluminum outlet of the launder receiving the inflow of aluminum liquid in FIG. 9.

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a funnel-shaped launder of the fourth technical scheme in FIG. 1 for receiving the inflow of aluminum liquid.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a funnel-shaped launder of the fifth technical solution in FIG. 1 for receiving aluminum liquid to flow into a horn-like shape.

Fig. 14 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of F-F in fig. 1.

Fig. 15 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of E-E in fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a partial cross-section D-D of fig. 14.

1-gas pipe, 2-cover plate, 3-prestressed trim strip, 4-rib plate, 5-prestressed expansion gap, 6-lining, 7-shell, 8-lining wall, 9-soft heat-preservation casting material, 10-bottom liner, 11-positioning plate, 12-vertical shaft sleeve, 13-aluminum outlet, 14-ball head, 15-horizontal shaft sleeve, 16-lever, 17-counterweight, 18-right-angle shaft, 19-mounting flange, 20-positioning slideway, 21-lever, 22-lever shaft hole and 23-crack area.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation launder of the embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 16 and the embodiment.

The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation launder comprises a stress expansion gap, a prestressed trim strip, a rib plate, a shell, a soft heat-preservation casting material, a lining wall, a lining, a launder masonry material section is of a multilayer structure, the lining 6, the lining wall 8, a soft heat-preservation casting material 9 and the shell 7 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, each layer of the material of the multilayer structure sequentially arranged in layers has a bent shape, the rib plate 4 is arranged at the edge of the launder of the multilayer structure sequentially arranged in layers in the bent shape, the prestressed trim strip 3 is welded at the edge of the shell 7 of the rib plate 4 and the launder, the prestressed trim strip 3 limits the position of the prestressed expansion gap 5 to move upwards, supports the prestressed expansion gap 5 to accumulate rebound force, is applied to the lining wall 8, the lining 6 and the lining wall 8 sequentially arranged in layers, resists extreme thermal expansion when aluminum liquid flows under the condition of prestress pressure, and forms crack damage with extreme cold shrinkage after the aluminum liquid flows, and resists the crack generated in the damaged launder: the lining 6 is precisely ground and processed by four sides of a building block with a minimum size, a latticed pre-designed texture with a minimum size is formed by non-mud-mouth masonry, a texture grid is pre-designed, cracks occur when the lining wall 8 is at a temperature different from that of an inner layer or an outer layer of the lining wall, the initial generation and distribution places of the cracks are induced by a preset texture grid, the lining wall 8 for inducing the initial cracks is uniformly distributed by using the grid cracks, after the lining wall 8 for uniformly distributing the grid cracks is fully distributed with the grid cracks, the lining wall 8 for changing a rigid and brittle casting material by increasing and decreasing the minimum size of the cracks can be changed into a material capable of being deformed slightly, the minimum grid texture is divided into shrinkage and expansion size differences with different lifting temperature gradients in different layers, the distribution density of the grid cracks with the size difference is inversely proportional to the width of the cracks, the cracks are smaller when the density of the grid texture cracks is larger, the cracks cannot penetrate through molten aluminum liquid, the problem that the aluminum liquid cannot penetrate and expand cracks after expanding cracks is solved, the circulation of the cracks is repeated until the cracks are damaged, the lining wall is damaged by the rapid heating of the lining wall, the lining wall without the cracks, the difficulty that the cracks can be formed by the initial crack, the liner of the liner with the minimum size and the initial crack is formed by the initial crack, and the wear of the lining wall can be easily formed by the lining wall.

The prestress applying method of the prestress expansion gap 5 is realized by using a lever 21 with a groove through a force arm, a lever shaft hole 22 of the lever is arranged on a prestress force arm device through a shaft, a prestress pressing strip 3 is placed in the groove arranged in the lever 21 of the force arm device, the prestress pressing strip 3 placed in the groove is contacted with the prestress expansion gap 5, after the prestress expansion gap 5 is contacted with the prestress pressing strip 3, a pressure P1 is applied to one section of the force arm of the lever 21, the prestress pressing strip 3 conducts the pressure P1 applied by the lever 21 to amplify the pressure P1, the prestress expansion gap 5 compresses in pressure volume, the pressure accumulated in the prestress expansion gap 5 with the contracted volume is converted into resilience, after the prestress pressing strip 3 and the launder are welded with a launder shell 7 into a whole along a rib plate 4, the resilience permanently acts on the non-stick aluminum lining 6 and a launder lining wall 8, the resilience of the prestress expansion gap 5 permanently presses the lining 6 and the lining wall 8 to resist the expansion of cracks, and realize the permanent service life.

The two ends of the launder realizing the permanent service life are provided with mounting flanges 19, the mounting flanges 19 are connected with the shell 7 into a whole, the mounting flanges 19 connected with the shell 7 into a whole are provided with screw holes, the mounting flanges 19 with the screw holes are also provided with right-angle openings matched with the positioning right angles of the positioning slide ways 20, and the launder is positioned and slidably mounted on the positioning slide ways 20 through the right-angle openings of the flanges 19.

The attached figures 4-7 show a long-life aluminum liquid launder, which comprises a body, wherein the body comprises a prestress expansion gap, a prestress pressing strip, a rib plate, a shell, a soft heat-preservation casting material, a lining wall, an inner lining, a gas pipe, a cover plate and a launder special for aluminum liquid flowing out of a furnace, the launder is provided with the cover plate 2, the cover plate 2 is provided with the gas pipe 1, the gas pipe 1 is connected with a combustion tail gas pipe of the furnace, the combustion tail gas is conveyed into the launder to weaken the oxidizing atmosphere in the launder, the oxidizing degree of air in the launder to the surface of the aluminum liquid is reduced, the aluminum oxide slag is indirectly reduced, the slag removal operation is reduced, and the aluminum liquid collection rate is also improved.

The cross section of the launder masonry material is divided into a multilayer structure, a lining 6, a lining wall 8, a soft heat-preservation pouring material 9 and a shell 7 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, each layer of the material of the multilayer structure sequentially arranged in layers has a bent shape, a rib plate 4 is arranged at the position of the launder edge of the multilayer structure sequentially arranged in layers in the bent shape, a prestressed pressing strip 3 is welded at the position of the shell 7 at the position of the rib plate 4 and the launder edge, the prestressed pressing strip 3 limits the position of a prestressed expansion gap 5 to move upwards, supports the prestressed expansion gap 5 to accumulate a rebound force, and is applied to the lining 6 lining wall 8 sequentially arranged in layers, the lining 6 and the lining wall 8 resist extreme-speed thermal expansion when aluminum liquid flows under the condition of applying the prestressed pressure, form crack damage with extreme-speed cold shrinkage after the aluminum liquid flows, and resist the crack generation of damage: the lining 6 is precisely ground and processed by four sides of a building block with a minimum size, a latticed pre-designed texture with a minimum size is formed by non-mud-mouth masonry, a texture grid is pre-designed, cracks occur when the lining wall 8 is at a temperature different from that of an inner layer or an outer layer of the lining wall, the initial generation and distribution places of the cracks are induced by a preset texture grid, the lining wall 8 for inducing the initial cracks is uniformly distributed by using the grid cracks, after the lining wall 8 for uniformly distributing the grid cracks is fully distributed with the grid cracks, the lining wall 8 for changing a rigid and brittle casting material by increasing and decreasing the minimum size of the cracks can be changed into a material capable of being deformed slightly, the minimum grid texture is divided into shrinkage and expansion size differences with different lifting temperature gradients in different layers, the distribution density of the grid cracks with the size difference is inversely proportional to the width of the cracks, the cracks are smaller when the density of the grid texture cracks is larger, the cracks cannot penetrate through molten aluminum liquid, the problem that the aluminum liquid cannot penetrate and expand cracks after expanding cracks is solved, the circulation of the cracks is repeated until the cracks are damaged, the lining wall is damaged by the rapid heating of the lining wall, the lining wall without the cracks, the difficulty that the cracks can be formed by the initial crack, the liner of the liner with the minimum size and the initial crack is formed by the initial crack, and the wear of the lining wall can be easily formed by the lining wall.

The launder shell for realizing the permanent service life is connected with a vertical shaft sleeve 12, a right-angle shaft 18 is arranged in the vertical shaft sleeve 12, a lever 21 is installed at the horizontal section of the right-angle shaft 18, a counterweight 17 is arranged at one section of the lever 21, a ball head 14 is arranged at the other section of the lever, the ball head 14 is installed in a ball head seat of an aluminum outlet 13 bottom cover to enable the bottom cover to be self-sealed, the self-sealing bottom cover can swing in two dimensions, firstly, the aluminum outlet is opened and closed by the horizontal swing of the vertical shaft sleeve 12, secondly, the aluminum outlet 13 is separated by the swing in the vertical direction of the horizontal section of the right-angle shaft 18, or the aluminum outlet is tightly covered, a positioning plate 11 is arranged at the aluminum outlet, and the positioning plate 11 is positioned when being installed.

One section of the launder is provided with an installation flange 19, the installation flange 19 is connected with the shell 7 into a whole, and the installation flange 19 connected with the shell 7 into a whole is provided with a screw hole.

The aluminum liquid launder with long service life shown in the attached figures 8-11 is specially used for a launder which receives the inflow of aluminum liquid in a furnace, the overlooking appearance of the launder is similar to a water drop shape, the appearance of the launder shell 7 which is similar to the water drop shape is similar to a double-curved-surface geometric shape, the big end part of the launder of the double-curved-surface shell 7 is higher than the small end part of the launder, the shell 7 of the small end part is connected with a mounting flange 19, and the flange 19 is provided with a screw hole.

The runner upper port sets up gusset 4 and welds in the casing 7 department of runner mouth edge department, this department has welded prestressing force layering 3, prestressing force layering 3 limits the position of prestressing force expansion gap 5 and moves upward, support prestressing force expansion gap 5 accumulation bounce, apply in the inside lining 6 back wall 8 of layering in proper order, inside lining 6 and back wall 8, resist the extremely fast thermal expansion when the aluminium liquid flows under the situation that exerts prestressing force pressure, form the crack damage with the extremely fast cold contraction after the aluminium liquid flows, resist the crack production in damage runner: the lining 6 is precisely ground and processed by four sides of a building block with a minimum size, a latticed pre-designed texture with a minimum size is formed by non-mud-mouth masonry, a texture grid is pre-designed, cracks occur when the lining wall 8 is at a temperature different from that of an inner layer or an outer layer of the lining wall, the initial generation and distribution places of the cracks are induced by a preset texture grid, the lining wall 8 for inducing the initial cracks is uniformly distributed by using the grid cracks, after the lining wall 8 for uniformly distributing the grid cracks is fully distributed with the grid cracks, the lining wall 8 for changing a rigid and brittle casting material by increasing and decreasing the minimum size of the cracks can be changed into a material capable of being deformed slightly, the minimum grid texture is divided into shrinkage and expansion size differences with different lifting temperature gradients in different layers, the distribution density of the grid cracks with the size difference is inversely proportional to the width of the cracks, the cracks are smaller when the density of the grid texture cracks is larger, the cracks cannot penetrate through molten aluminum liquid, the problem that the aluminum liquid cannot penetrate and expand cracks after expanding cracks is solved, the circulation of the cracks is repeated until the cracks are damaged, the lining wall is damaged by the rapid heating of the lining wall, the lining wall without the cracks, the difficulty that the cracks can be formed by the initial crack, the liner of the liner with the minimum size and the initial crack is formed by the initial crack, and the wear of the lining wall can be easily formed by the lining wall.

According to the aluminum liquid launder with the long service life, the thickness of the launder bottom lining 10 is larger than that of the non-stick aluminum launder lining 6, so that when cleaning slag adhering resistance is enhanced, impact resistance of a cleaning tool and impact of aluminum liquid cast flow are achieved.

FIG. 12 shows that the long-life aluminum liquid launder is specially used for a launder in which a furnace receives aluminum liquid to flow, the launder is funnel-shaped with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the lower opening of a funnel is connected with a mounting flange 19, and the mounting flange 19 is provided with a screw hole.

The runner upper mouth sets up gusset 4 and welds in the casing 7 department of runner mouth edge department, this department has welded prestressing force layering 3, prestressing force layering 3 limits the position of prestressing force expansion gap 5 and moves upward, support prestressing force expansion gap 5 accumulation bounce, apply to the inside lining 6 back wall 8 of layering range in proper order, inside lining 6 and back wall 8, resist the extremely fast thermal expansion when the aluminium liquid flows under the situation that exerts prestressing force pressure, form the crack damage with the extremely fast cold shrinkage after the aluminium liquid flows through, resist the crack that damages the runner and produce in: the lining 6 is precisely ground and processed by four sides of a building block with extremely small scale, a non-mud opening masonry forms a latticed pre-designed texture with extremely small scale, a pre-designed texture grid cracks when the lining wall 8 is at a temperature different from the temperature of an inner layer or an outer layer of the lining wall, the initial generation and distribution place of the cracks is induced by a preset texture grid, the lining wall 8 inducing the initial cracks by using the grid cracks is uniformly distributed, after the lining wall 8 uniformly distributing the grid cracks is fully distributed with the grid cracks, the lining wall 8 changing the rigid and brittle casting material by the extremely small scale of the cracks can be changed into a material capable of micro-deformation, the extremely small grid texture is divided into different shrinkage and expansion scale differences with different lifting temperature gradients of different layers, the density of the grid texture crack distribution of the scale difference is inversely proportional to the width of the crack, the density of the grid texture crack is larger, the crack is smaller, the crack cannot penetrate through the crack, the volume expansion crack can be oxidized after the aluminum liquid cannot penetrate, the crack can be expanded and expanded repeatedly until the crack is damaged after the crack is expanded, the historical difficult problem that the rigid and brittle refractory material cannot crack and be damaged when the runner is quenched and heated suddenly is solved, the lining 6 is accurately ground and processed by four sides of the building block with the minimum scale, the mud-free building is carried out to form the grid shape with the minimum scale, and the service life of the crack which cannot be expanded tends to be permanent after the lining wall 8 which induces the inner layer texture to be uniform and fine is designed in advance.

FIG. 13 shows that the long-life aluminum liquid launder is a launder specially used for a furnace to receive aluminum liquid to flow in, and is a funnel-shaped launder with a large upper opening and a small lower opening similar to a horn, the lower opening of the funnel-shaped launder is connected with a mounting flange 19, and the mounting flange 19 is provided with a screw hole.

The runner upper port sets up gusset 4 and welds in the casing 7 department of runner mouth edge department, this department has welded prestressing force layering 3, prestressing force layering 3 limits the position of prestressing force expansion gap 5 and moves upward, support prestressing force expansion gap 5 accumulation bounce, apply in the inside lining 6 back wall 8 of layering in proper order, inside lining 6 and back wall 8, resist the extremely fast thermal expansion when the aluminium liquid flows under the situation that exerts prestressing force pressure, form the crack damage with the extremely fast cold contraction after the aluminium liquid flows, resist the crack production in damage runner: the lining 6 is precisely ground and processed by four sides of a building block with extremely small scale, a non-mud opening masonry forms a latticed pre-designed texture with extremely small scale, a pre-designed texture grid cracks when the lining wall 8 is at a temperature different from the temperature of an inner layer or an outer layer of the lining wall, the initial generation and distribution place of the cracks is induced by a preset texture grid, the lining wall 8 inducing the initial cracks by using the grid cracks is uniformly distributed, after the lining wall 8 uniformly distributing the grid cracks is fully distributed with the grid cracks, the lining wall 8 changing the rigid and brittle casting material by the extremely small scale of the cracks can be changed into a material capable of micro-deformation, the extremely small grid texture is divided into different shrinkage and expansion scale differences with different lifting temperature gradients of different layers, the density of the grid texture crack distribution of the scale difference is inversely proportional to the width of the crack, the density of the grid texture crack is larger, the crack is smaller, the crack cannot penetrate through the crack, the volume expansion crack can be oxidized after the aluminum liquid cannot penetrate, the crack can be expanded and expanded repeatedly until the crack is damaged after the crack is expanded, the historical difficult problem that the rigid and brittle refractory material cannot crack and be damaged when the runner is quenched and heated suddenly is solved, the lining 6 is accurately ground and processed by four sides of the building block with the minimum scale, the mud-free building is carried out to form the grid shape with the minimum scale, and the service life of the crack which cannot be expanded tends to be permanent after the lining wall 8 which induces the inner layer texture to be uniform and fine is designed in advance.

Fig. 14-16 show that the brick-shaped code of the lining 6 is LC-1, the length L1 dimension value is 50mm, the sector-shaped surface length L2 dimension value is 39mm, and the sector-shaped section thickness L dimension value is 9mm, the anchor nail is formed by combining two 6mm concave arcs with 3mm radius convex arcs connected with a connecting surface, the L3 at the minimum dimension of the anchor nail section formed by combining the concave and convex arcs is greater than or equal to 9mm, and the included angle α between adjacent triangular areas of the anchor nail is greater than 60 degrees.

The brick type code is that the whole size or a certain size change of the lining 6 brick type of the LC-1 is derived into a new size model, the accurate magnitude of the size change of the new model is amplified to 1.1 times or reduced to 0.9 times, the numerical value 4 of one bit after decimal point generation is calculated by amplification or reduction is abandoned to 5, and the positive tolerance range is plus 0.3mm and the negative tolerance range is minus 0.5 mm.

The brick type code is a lining 6 brick type of LC-1, one size or all sizes are sequentially and continuously amplified for 1.1 times or sequentially and continuously reduced for 0.9 times for multiple times, namely, LC-1-00 to LC-1-99 expansion models are derived for multiple times, the number band is a reduced model from 1-01-09, and the whole number band with 1-1-99 is an expanded model.

Brick-type dimension table with brick-type dimension reduction and expansion lining

The brick-type material of the lining 6 mainly comprises zirconia as a component capable of preventing alumina slag from being firmly bonded, wherein the content of zirconia is more than or equal to 29 percent, the crystal phase of the brick-type material is mainly zirconia corundum or oblique tetragonal crystal phase, the brick-type lining 6 mainly comprises zirconia crystal phase directly contacts aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid is quickly transferred into the brick-type lining 6 to be thermally expanded, in order to avoid that each expansion size of the brick-type lining 6 is accumulated to form a larger size, one or a small number of large cracks are intensively expanded to damage the brick body, thin paper is adhered to a building gap before the brick-type lining 6 is built, a uniform expansion gap is reserved after the thin paper is burnt, the brick-type lining 6 is dry-built without using mud, the anchoring nail part of the brick-type lining 6 which is dry-built is anchored in a cast lining wall 8, and when the brick-type lining 6 anchored in the lining wall 8 contacts the aluminum liquid to be thermally expanded, most of heat is not transferred to the lining wall 8, the lining wall 8 can not expand synchronously with the brick type of the lining 6, at the moment, the range of the crack area 23 is designed easily or cracks with the size of asynchronous expansion difference of the brick type of the single lining 6 and the lining wall 8 occur, the size of the cracks is in direct proportion to the size of the brick type of the lining 6, on the contrary, when the thermal expansion size of the lining wall 8 is consistent with that of the brick type of the lining 6 after the temperature conduction is saturated, the cracks generated by the expansion difference of the range of the crack area 23 are easily expanded and closed under the reverse thrust of the rebound force P3 or P2 accumulated in the prestress expansion gap 5, the crack closure repeatedly recurs along with the flowing and leaving of the molten aluminum in the launder, the cracks are repeatedly opened and closed in the composite wall formed by combining the lining wall 8 and the brick type of the lining 6, the molten aluminum can not reach the crack, the problem that the molten aluminum is oxidized, expanded and expanded cracks of the molten aluminum continuously and repeatedly damage the masonry occurs, and the weak rebound force of the soft heat-preservation casting material 9 is protected, the composite wall formed by combining the lining wall 8 and the lining 6 in a brick shape can not be damaged by cracks.

The effective component adopted by the brick shape of the lining (6) is a zirconia product with zirconia corundum or an oblique tetragonal phase, the zirconia product with zirconia corundum or oblique tetragonal phase is completely different from a flocculent crystalline phase of alumina, aluminum liquid has certain wettability to the alumina, the wall surface force and the surface tension of the aluminum liquid surface of the aluminum liquid-infiltrated aluminum material form a trend of climbing upwards at the boundary between the wall of the aluminum oxide material and the aluminum liquid surface, the boundary liquid surface with the trend of climbing forms a blade shape, the oxidation of the blade-shaped boundary liquid surface always occurs at the outer side of the blade surface, and the inner surface at the outer side of the blade surface always has metal aluminum which cannot be completely oxidized; the aluminum oxide oxidized by the metal aluminum and the wall surface homogeneous elementary substance of the aluminum oxide material belong to the same family, the crystal phase is twisted and combined together by the principle that the aluminum oxide is hard enough (the hardness of the aluminum oxide crystal is equal to 90 percent of that of diamond) and the metal aluminum which can not be completely oxidized exists, the hardness is equal to that of the wall of the aluminum oxide material, the toughness is much stronger, so that the aluminum oxide slag is hung at the boundary of the aluminum liquid surface of the wall surface of the aluminum oxide material, the aluminum oxide slag is firm and incomparable, and the aluminum oxide slag can not be easily removed and can only be hung more. Because of high specific gravity and high density, crystal grains are arranged regularly and are not infiltrated by all metal liquid, the infiltration angle of the wall surface of the zirconia product of the zirconia corundum or the oblique tetragonal phase and the boundary of the metal liquid surface tends to 180 degrees, a meniscus is often formed at the boundary of the wall surface and the metal liquid surface, the oxidation of metal is the condition that the meniscus is not contacted with the wall surface, the surface is adhered only by a glass phase, and the brick type lining (6) does not hang alumina slag, thereby completely solving the problem that the aluminum liquid launder is firmly adhered with the alumina slag.

The lining brick adopts zirconia corundum or an oblique tetragonal phase zirconia product as an effective component, the fire resistance of a pure zirconia product reaches 2700 ℃, the pure zirconia product does not react with all oxide solvents chemically, the pure zirconia product does not corrode chemically with all solvents such as fluoride and the like under the working condition of an aluminum liquid state at 750 ℃, the chemical stability is extremely high, the fire resistance of zirconia corundum with the content of more than or equal to 29 percent also reaches more than 2000 ℃, and the pure zirconia product is similar to a porcelain bowl tea-making process when used in the aluminum liquid state environment at 750 ℃, and is never worn or chemically corroded.

In conclusion, the technical scheme of the long-service-life aluminum liquid launder achieves the set purpose, and a. The lining brick type is made of zirconia with zirconia corundum or oblique tetragonal phase, so that the aluminum oxide slag can be prevented from being hung, and the problem that the aluminum liquid launder is firmly adhered with the aluminum slag is completely solved. b. The lining brick is used in an aluminum liquid environment at 750 ℃, has chemical stability equivalent to that of bowl tea making, and can never be worn and chemically corroded. c. The composite wall structure formed by combining the lining wall and the lining brick type has the advantages that the effective splitting crack stress is dispersed to the minimum part of each small lining brick type, the cracks are ingeniously hidden in the minimum part, the cracks are tiny and dispersed, the dispersed tiny cracks can not be soaked in the aluminum wetting liquid, the physical natural law regarded in the industry that furnace materials are not cracked is avoided, and the new cognition of the structure which is never damaged by the cracks is obtained. d. The composite wall formed by combining the lining wall and the lining brick shape is never damaged by cracks, and the problem of maintenance and repair is naturally solved. In addition, the cross section of the launder masonry material is of a multilayer structure, the lining wall, the soft heat-preservation pouring material and the shell are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, each layer of the multilayer structure sequentially arranged in a layered mode is of a bent shape, the bent shape is beneficial to the shape stability of the composite structure, and the stress distribution is uniform, so that the structural shape with long service life is facilitated. The aluminum liquid contacts the lining brick type and has certain residual heat when the aluminum liquid is discharged, the temperature gradient is greatly reduced, the gradient temperature is reduced, the temperature of the composite structure tends to approach, the thermal expansion also tends to approach or reduce the crack change or does not change, and the long service life of the structure is also facilitated.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being permanently connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an impact-resistant long-life on-stick aluminium heat preservation chute, its characterized in that includes the body, and the body includes stress expansion gap, prestressing force layering, gusset, casing, soft heat preservation casting material, lining wall, inside lining, chute masonry material section divide multilayer structure, by interior to outer arranging in proper order has inside lining and lining wall and soft heat preservation to pour material and casing.

2. The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum thermal insulation runner according to claim 1, wherein each layer of the material of the sequentially layered multi-layer structure has a bent shape, a rib plate is arranged at the runner edge of the sequentially layered multi-layer structure in the bent shape, a prestressed trim strip is welded at the shell of the rib plate and the runner edge, the prestressed trim strip limits the position of a prestressed expansion gap to move upwards, supports the prestressed expansion gap to accumulate a rebound force, and applies the rebound force to the sequentially layered lining wall, lining and lining wall.

3. The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum insulation runner of claim 2, wherein the lining is ground from four sides of the block and laid without mud holes to form a grid-like pre-designed texture.

4. The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum thermal insulation runner of claim 3, wherein the runner is provided with mounting flanges at both ends, the mounting flanges are integrally connected with the housing, the mounting flanges connected with the housing are provided with screw holes, the mounting flanges with the screw holes are also provided with right-angle openings matched with the positioning right angles of the positioning slideways, and the runner is positioned and slidably mounted on the positioning slideways through the right-angle openings of the flanges.

5. The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum heat-preservation launder of claim 4, wherein a cover plate is arranged on the launder, and a gas pipe is arranged on the cover plate and connected with a combustion tail gas pipe of the furnace.

6. The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum insulation launder of claim 5, wherein the lining brick-shaped material component is zirconia, and the zirconia content is greater than or equal to 29%.

7. The impact-resistant long-life non-stick aluminum insulation launder according to claim 5, characterized in that the effective component used in the lining brick shape is zircon corundum or a rhombic zirconia product.