CN115943791A - Liquid manure integration system based on single ion regulation and control - Google Patents
Liquid manure integration system based on single ion regulation and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN115943791A CN115943791A CN202310089357.0A CN202310089357A CN115943791A CN 115943791 A CN115943791 A CN 115943791A CN 202310089357 A CN202310089357 A CN 202310089357A CN 115943791 A CN115943791 A CN 115943791A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water and fertilizer integration, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer integration system based on single ion regulation, which comprises: premixing unit and adjusting unit the adjusting unit includes: ion regulation bucket, ion exchange membrane, the threaded rod, a piston, transmission shaft and gear, carry out the breakage to cubic or the fertilizer of being difficult to dissolve in water through premixing the unit, improve liquid manure and mix effect and mixing efficiency, through setting up the regulating unit, under the condition of time invariant, according to gear drive ratio, adjust the speed ratio of transmission shaft, and then adjust the pressure in the ion regulation bucket, when needing the cation more, transmission shaft rotational speed is fast in the cation regulation bucket, the pressure is great in the bucket, more cation sees through during cation exchange membrane gets into the pipeline, thereby make the ionic element content in the liquid manure mixed liquid that gets into in the farmland accord with the growth demand of crops, improve the fertilizer efficiency, promote the effective growth of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water and fertilizer integration, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer integration system based on single ion regulation.
Background
The water-fertilizer integration refers to a new agricultural technology integrating irrigation and fertilization, by means of a pressure system or a natural fall of the terrain, a soluble solid or liquid fertilizer is mixed into a fertilizer solution together with irrigation water according to the soil nutrient content and the fertilizer requirement rule and characteristics of crop species, a crop root system development and growth area is infiltrated through a pipeline system, the three major nutrient elements in the fertilizer are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at present, in a common compound fertilizer, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1: 1.2-1.5: 0.5-0.7, and the proportion of nitrogen is higher.
Research shows that nitrogen which can be absorbed by plants in large quantity is mainly ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the ammonium nitrogen is in a reduction state, is a cation, is easy to adsorb in soil and is suitable for growth of crops such as rice, the nitrate nitrogen is in an oxidation state, is an anion, is easy to dissolve, has large mobility in soil, and a nitrogen fertilizer containing the nitrate nitrogen is required to be used in growth of tobacco and vegetables, so that nitrogen ion forms required by different crops are different, required anion and cation elements cannot be adjusted according to growth habits of the crops in the existing water-fertilizer synthesis equipment, part of fertilizers are in a block shape, and the phenomenon of uneven mixing is easy to occur when the fertilizers are dissolved in water, so that the fertilizer efficiency is reduced, and the growth of the crops is influenced.
In view of this, in order to improve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation, which improves the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the required anion and cation elements cannot be adjusted according to the growth habit of crops in the existing water and fertilizer synthesis equipment, and part of fertilizer is blocky and is easy to generate the phenomenon of uneven mixing when dissolved in water, so that the fertilizer efficiency is reduced, and the growth of the crops is influenced.
The invention provides a water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a shell, a premixing unit, a first motor, an adjusting unit and a second motor;
the premixing unit is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the shell and comprises a crushing knife, and the premixing unit is used for crushing solid waste;
the first motor is fixedly arranged on the top of the shell and used for providing power for the premixing unit;
the adjusting unit is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell, is positioned below the premixing unit and is connected with the premixing unit through a pipeline, and is used for adjusting the ratio of cations to anions in the water-fertilizer mixed solution;
the second motor is fixedly arranged on the shell through a support and used for providing power for the adjusting unit.
Compared with the prior art, the conventional water and fertilizer synthesizing equipment cannot adjust required ionic elements according to the growth habits of different crops, so that the fertilizer efficiency is reduced, the water and fertilizer mixing effect and the mixing efficiency are improved by crushing the massive or water-insoluble fertilizer through the premixing unit, and then the proportion of anions to cations in the mixed solution is adjusted through the adjusting unit, so that the crops can obtain corresponding nitrogen ion forms, the growth of the crops is promoted, and the fertilizer efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the premixing unit further comprises: the device comprises a premixer, a crushing shaft, a water inlet pipe, a feed pipe, a filter hole and a guide cylinder;
the premixer is fixedly installed with the shell through a fixed frame;
the crushing shaft is positioned in the premixer and fixedly connected with an output shaft of a first motor, and the crushing knives are fixedly arranged on the crushing shaft in a staggered manner;
the water inlet pipe penetrates through the top of the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell, one end of the water inlet pipe, which is positioned in the shell, penetrates through the premixer and is communicated with the premixer, and one end of the water inlet pipe, which is positioned outside the shell, is connected with the water pump;
the feed pipe penetrates through the top of the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell, and one end of the feed pipe, which is positioned in the shell, penetrates through the premixer and is communicated with the premixer;
the filtering holes are formed in the bottom of the premixer;
the guide shell is positioned at the bottom of the premixer and is fixedly connected with the premixer.
Preferably, the adjusting unit includes: the ion exchange device comprises an ion adjusting barrel, an ion exchange membrane, a threaded rod, a piston, a transmission shaft and a gear;
the ion adjusting barrels are two and are respectively a first adjusting barrel and a second adjusting barrel, the first adjusting barrel is used for adjusting the anion permeability in the barrels, the second adjusting barrel is used for adjusting the cation permeability in the barrels, and the ion adjusting barrels are fixedly arranged on the shell through a mounting frame;
the ion exchange membrane is positioned in the ion adjusting barrel and comprises a first exchange membrane and a second exchange membrane, the first exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane and is fixedly arranged in the first adjusting barrel, and the second exchange membrane is a cation exchange membrane and is fixedly arranged in the second adjusting barrel;
the two threaded rods are respectively positioned in the first adjusting barrel and the second adjusting barrel;
the piston is in threaded connection with the threaded rod and consists of a metal block at the upper end and a rubber block at the lower end, the metal block is fixedly connected with the rubber block, the metal block is in sliding connection with the ion adjusting barrel, and the rubber block is in contact with the inner wall of the ion adjusting barrel;
the two transmission shafts are arranged and are positioned above the threaded rod, the transmission shafts are fixedly connected with the threaded rod, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly installed with the transmission shaft positioned on one side of the premixer;
the gear is equipped with two, two the gear is installed respectively on two transmission shafts, two the gear meshes mutually, two the gear tooth number is different.
Preferably, the water inlet pipe is located at one end of the premixer at a higher level than the water inlet pipe is located at one end of the premixer.
Under the condition of time invariant, according to gear drive ratio, adjust the rotational speed ratio of transmission shaft, thereby adjust the stroke ratio that moves down of piston piece, and then adjust the pressure in the ion regulation bucket, when needing the cation more, transmission shaft rotational speed is fast in the cation regulation bucket, the internal pressure of bucket is great, more cation permeates through cation exchange membrane and gets into in the pipeline, when needing the anion more, transmission shaft rotational speed in the anion regulation bucket is fast, the internal pressure of bucket is great, more anion permeates through anion exchange membrane and gets into in the pipeline, thereby make the ionic element content in the liquid manure mixture that gets into in the farmland accord with the growth demand of crops, improve the fertilizer efficiency, promote the effective growth of crops.
Preferably, the output shaft of the second motor is fixedly mounted with the transmission shafts through a coupler, and the two gears are respectively mounted on the two transmission shafts through spline connection.
The staff of being convenient for changes the gear of different tooth counts, adjusts gear drive ratio to adjust the rotational speed of transmission shaft and threaded rod, and then adjust the pressure ratio in anion regulation bucket and the cation regulation bucket, adjust the ion promptly and adjust the bucket, anion and cation pass through anion exchange membrane and cation exchange membrane's speed respectively, adjust the anion and cation in the mixed liquid and account for the ratio, guarantee the effective growth of crops.
Preferably, a liquid manure integration system based on single ion regulation and control still includes the concentration detection unit who installs in ion regulation bucket below, the concentration detection unit is used for detecting whether the concentration of liquid manure mixture accords with the standard.
Preferably, the concentration detection unit includes: the device comprises a mixing barrel, a third motor, a rotating pipe, a stirring rod and a detection rod;
the mixing barrel is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell through a connecting frame and is respectively communicated with the two ion adjusting barrels through a three-way pipe;
the third motor is positioned below the mixing barrel and fixedly connected with the shell, and an output shaft of the third motor penetrates through the mixing barrel and extends into the mixing barrel;
the rotating pipe is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the third motor;
the stirring rods are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating pipe, and a plurality of stirring rods are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the rotating pipe;
the detection rod is rotatably installed on the lower surface of the stirring rod.
When ions penetrate through an ion exchange membrane and enter a mixing barrel through a three-way pipe, meanwhile, a worker controls a third motor to start according to a controller, an output shaft of the third motor rotates to drive a rotating pipe to rotate, the rotating pipe drives a stirring rod to rotate, when the concentration distribution of the ions in the mixing barrel is not uniform, namely, the mixed liquid is partially layered, when the concentration distribution is not uniform, on one hand, the mixed liquid is stirred when the stirring rod rotates, the mixed liquid is promoted to be uniformly mixed, on the other hand, the stirring rod rotates synchronously to drive a detection rod to rotate, when the mixed liquid is layered, the resistance of the detection rod below each stirring rod during rotation is different, if the concentration is higher, the solution density of the solution in a unit volume is higher, the solution quality of the solution is higher, therefore, when the detection rod of the layer rotates along with the stirring rod, the resistance of the mixed liquid generated by the mixed liquid is higher when the detection rod pushes the mixed liquid, the detection rod self generates rotational offset, if the offset angles of a plurality of the detection rods are different, the concentration of the mixed liquid in the mixing barrel is not uniform, if the offset angle of the detection rod is larger than a normal value, the mixed liquid is indicated.
Preferably, a plurality of inlets have been seted up on the rotating tube, inlet department is provided with the sealing door, the sealing door rotates to be installed on the outer wall of rotating tube, the rigid coupling has the stay cord between test rod and the sealing door.
When mixed liquid concentration is great, the measuring rod self that is located the great layer of mixed liquid concentration takes place the skew and rotates, pulls open the sealing door through the stay cord when the measuring rod takes place the skew, and the great mixed liquid of concentration passes through the inlet from last to getting into down in the rotating tube, and the layer begins to flow about the outside mixed liquid of rotating tube this moment, has further increased the misce bene of mixed liquid.
Preferably, a liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the rotating pipe, and a check valve is installed at the liquid outlet.
When the mixed liquid with higher concentration at the upper part enters the rotating pipe, the controller controls the one-way valve to be opened, the mixed liquid with higher concentration flows out from the liquid outlet at the bottom of the rotating pipe again and is diffused from bottom to top to form self circulation in the mixing barrel, and meanwhile, the mixing uniformity of the mixed liquid is further promoted along with the stirring of the stirring rod.
Preferably, a liquid discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing barrel.
The mixed liquid is conveniently transported to the farmland through the pipeline.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation and control, the rotation speed ratio of the transmission shaft is regulated according to the gear transmission ratio under the condition of constant time by arranging the regulating unit, the downward movement stroke ratio of the piston block is regulated, and the pressure in the ion regulating barrel is further regulated.
2. According to the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation, the water source with the water inlet pipe positioned at one end in the premixer and the water source with the horizontal height higher than that of the water inlet pipe positioned at one end in the premixer enters the mixing barrel, the fertilizer in the premixer is washed and diluted, the water and fertilizer are premixed, and the fertilizer can be prevented from remaining in the premixer by means of the washing and dilution of water flow.
3. According to the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation and control, the concentration detection unit is arranged, so that whether the phenomenon of uneven concentration of the mixed liquid in the mixing barrel occurs or not can be judged according to the self offset and the rotation angle of the detection rod.
4. According to the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation, the sealing door is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating pipe in a rotating mode, the pull rope is fixedly connected between the detection rod and the sealing door, when the detection rod deviates, the sealing door is pulled open through the pull rope, mixed liquid with high concentration enters the rotating pipe from top to bottom through the liquid inlet, at the moment, the upper layer and the lower layer of the mixed liquid outside the rotating pipe start to flow, and the mixing uniformity of the mixed liquid is further improved.
5. According to the water-fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation, the liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the rotating pipe, the one-way valve is installed at the liquid outlet, when mixed liquid with high concentration on the upper portion enters the rotating pipe, the controller controls the one-way valve to be opened, the mixed liquid with high concentration flows out of the liquid outlet in the bottom of the rotating pipe again and is diffused from bottom to top, self circulation in the mixing barrel is formed, and meanwhile, the mixing uniformity of the mixed liquid is further promoted along with the stirring of the stirring rod.
Drawings
In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the inside of the housing of the present invention in partial section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of the housing in partial cross-section in elevation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the concentration detecting unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall appearance structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 2;
in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a premixing unit 2, a crushing cutter 21, a premixer 22, a crushing shaft 23, a water inlet pipe 24, a feed pipe 25, a filter hole 26, a guide flow cylinder 27, a motor No. 3, an adjusting unit 4, an ion adjusting barrel 41, an ion exchange membrane 42, a threaded rod 43, a piston 44, a transmission shaft 45, a gear 46, a motor No. 5, a concentration detecting unit 6, a mixing barrel 61, a motor No. 62, a rotating pipe 63, a stirring rod 64, a detecting rod 65, a liquid inlet 7, a sealing door 8, a pulling rope 9, a liquid outlet 10 and a liquid outlet 11.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation provided by the present invention includes: the device comprises a shell 1, a premixing unit 2, a first motor 3, a regulating unit 4 and a second motor 5;
the premixing unit 2 is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the shell 1, the premixing unit 2 comprises a crushing knife 21, and the premixing unit 2 is used for crushing solid waste;
the first motor 3 is fixedly arranged at the top of the shell 1, and the first motor 3 is used for providing power for the premixing unit 2;
the adjusting unit 4 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the shell 1, the adjusting unit 4 is positioned below the premixing unit 2 and is connected with the premixing unit 2 through a pipeline, and the adjusting unit 4 is used for adjusting the ratio of cations to anions in the water-fertilizer mixed solution;
the second motor 5 is fixedly arranged on the shell 1 through a support, and the second motor 5 is used for providing power for the adjusting unit 4;
by adopting the technical scheme, when preparing the water-fertilizer mixed liquid required by the growth of crops, firstly, people start the motor 3 according to the controller, the output shaft of the motor 3 rotates to drive the crushing knife 21 in the premixing unit 2 to rotate, at the moment, a worker adds water source and fertilizer with corresponding quality into the premixing unit 2 according to the water-fertilizer ratio, the crushing knife 21 crushes part of massive or water-insoluble fertilizer entering the premixing unit 2 and simultaneously mixes the crushed fertilizer with the water source to realize the premixing of the water source and the fertilizer, then the premixed water source and fertilizer enter the adjusting unit 4 through pipeline shunting, and the filtering amount of anions and cations in the water-fertilizer mixed liquid is adjusted through adjusting pressure according to the corresponding growth requirement of the crops, so that the content of ionic elements in the water-fertilizer mixed liquid entering a farm field meets the growth requirement of the crops, the fertilizer effect is improved, and the effective growth of the crops is promoted;
compared with the prior art, the conventional water and fertilizer synthesizing equipment cannot adjust required ionic elements according to the growth habits of different crops to reduce the fertilizer efficiency, but the water and fertilizer mixing device firstly crushes massive or water-insoluble fertilizers through the premixing unit 2 to improve the water and fertilizer mixing effect and mixing efficiency, and then adjusts the proportion content of anions and cations in the mixed solution through the adjusting unit 4 to ensure that the crops can obtain corresponding nitrogen ion forms, promote the growth of the crops and improve the fertilizer efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 5, as an embodiment of the present invention, the premixing unit 2 further includes: a premixer 22, a crushing shaft 23, a water inlet pipe 24, a feed pipe 25, a filtering hole 26 and a guide cylinder 27;
the premixer 22 is fixedly installed with the shell 1 through a fixing frame;
the crushing shaft 23 is positioned in the premixer 22 and is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the first motor 3, and the plurality of crushing knives 21 are staggered and fixedly arranged on the crushing shaft 23;
the water inlet pipe 24 penetrates through the top of the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with the shell 1, one end of the water inlet pipe 24, which is positioned in the shell 1, penetrates through the premixer 22 and is communicated with the premixer 22, and one end of the water inlet pipe 24, which is positioned outside the shell 1, is connected with a water pump;
the feed pipe 25 penetrates through the top of the shell 1 and is fixedly connected with the shell 1, and one end of the feed pipe 25, which is positioned in the shell 1, penetrates through the premixer 22 and is communicated with the premixer 22;
the filtering holes 26 are arranged at the bottom of the pre-mixer 22;
the guide flow cylinder 27 is positioned at the bottom of the premixer 22, and the guide flow cylinder 27 is fixedly connected with the premixer 22;
the adjusting unit 4 includes: an ion adjusting barrel 41, an ion exchange membrane 42, a threaded rod 43, a piston 44, a transmission shaft 45 and a gear 46;
the ion adjusting barrels 41 are two and are respectively a first adjusting barrel and a second adjusting barrel, the first adjusting barrel is used for adjusting the anion permeability in the barrels, the second adjusting barrel is used for adjusting the cation permeability in the barrels, and the ion adjusting barrels 41 are fixedly arranged on the shell 1 through mounting racks;
the ion exchange membrane 42 is positioned in the ion adjusting barrel 41, the ion exchange membrane 42 comprises a first exchange membrane and a second exchange membrane, the first exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane and is fixedly arranged in the first adjusting barrel, and the second exchange membrane is a cation exchange membrane and is fixedly arranged in the second adjusting barrel;
the two threaded rods 43 are respectively positioned in the first adjusting barrel and the second adjusting barrel;
the piston 44 is in threaded connection with the threaded rod 43, the piston 44 is composed of a metal block at the upper end and a rubber block at the lower end, the metal block is fixedly connected with the rubber block, the metal block is in sliding connection with the ion adjusting barrel 41, and the rubber block is in contact with the inner wall of the ion adjusting barrel 41;
the two transmission shafts 45 are arranged and are positioned above the threaded rod 43, the transmission shafts 45 are fixedly connected with the threaded rod 43, and the output shaft of the second motor 5 is fixedly installed with the transmission shaft 45 positioned on one side of the premixer 22;
the number of the gears 46 is two, the two gears 46 are respectively arranged on the two transmission shafts 45, the two gears 46 are meshed with each other, and the teeth numbers of the two gears 46 are different;
the water inlet pipe 24 is positioned at one end in the premixer 22 at a higher level than the water inlet pipe 25 at one end in the premixer 22;
by adopting the technical scheme, when preparing the water and fertilizer mixed solution required by the growth of crops, firstly, people start the motor 3 according to the controller, the output shaft of the motor 3 rotates to drive the crushing cutter 21 to rotate, at the moment, workers add water source and fertilizer with corresponding quality into the premixing unit 2 according to the required water and fertilizer ratio, the crushing cutter 21 crushes part of massive or water-insoluble fertilizer entering the premixer 22, meanwhile, the water source enters the mixing barrel 61 from the water inlet pipe 24, the water source and the fertilizer in the premixer 22 are preliminarily contacted and mixed, so that the premixing of the water source and the fertilizer is realized, and at the moment, the concentration of the water and fertilizer mixed solution in the premixer 22 is higher;
the fertilizer in the pre-mixer 22 is washed and diluted from top to bottom by water flow, falls through the filtering holes 26 under the crushing of the crushing cutter 21, then the pre-mixed liquid is divided into an anion adjusting barrel 41 and a cation adjusting barrel 41 through pipelines, the required ratio of anions to cations is determined according to the corresponding crop growth requirement, and the corresponding number of teeth of the gear 46 is selected according to the ratio of anions to cations so that the transmission ratio of the gear 46 is the same as the ratio of anions to cations;
by means of the flushing dilution of the water flow, fertilizer can be prevented from remaining in the pre-mixer 22;
when fertilizer and water in the premixer 22 flow into the anion adjusting barrel 41 and the cation adjusting barrel 41 in a full amount, the motor 5 is controlled to start according to the controller, the output shaft of the motor 5 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 45 to rotate, the transmission shaft 45 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 45 on the other side to rotate through the meshing of the gear 46, the transmission shaft 45 rotates to drive the threaded rod 43 to rotate, when the threaded rod 43 rotates, the piston 44 is in threaded connection with the threaded rod 43, and the metal block in the piston 44 and the inner wall of the ion adjusting barrel 41 are in sliding connection with the sliding block through the sliding chute, so that the movement of the piston 44 is limited and cannot rotate along with the threaded rod 43, and can only slide up and down along the side wall of the ion adjusting barrel 41, at the moment, because the thread turning directions of the threaded rods 43 in the two ion adjusting barrels 41 are opposite, when the threaded rod 43 rotates, the piston 44 in the two adjusting barrels move in the same direction;
when the threaded rod 43 rotates forward, the piston 44 moves downward, the gas and the liquid in the ion adjusting barrel 41 are squeezed, the pressure in the ion adjusting barrel 41 is increased, because the teeth numbers of the gears 46 on the transmission shaft 45 are different, the rotating speed of the pinion 46 with less teeth numbers is higher, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft fixedly mounted with the pinion 46 is higher, the rotating speed of the threaded rod 43 is higher, therefore, the downward moving speed of the piston 44 on the threaded rod 43 with higher rotating speed is higher, and under the condition that the moving time of the piston 44 in the ion adjusting barrel 41 is the same, the downward moving distance of the piston 44 below the pinion 46 is larger than that of the piston 44 below the bull 46, therefore, the pressure in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with the pinion 46 is larger than that in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with the bull 46, and therefore, the rate of the ions in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with higher air pressure permeating the exchange membrane is larger than that of the ions in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with lower air pressure permeating the exchange membrane;
therefore, under the condition of constant time, the rotating speed ratio of the transmission shaft 45 is adjusted according to the transmission ratio of the gear 46, so that the downward movement stroke ratio of the piston 44 is adjusted, and further the pressure in the ion adjusting barrel 41 is adjusted, when more cations are needed, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 45 in the cation adjusting barrel 41 is high, the pressure in the barrel is high, more cations penetrate through the cation exchange membrane 42 to enter a pipeline, when more anions are needed, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 45 in the anion adjusting barrel 41 is high, the pressure in the barrel is high, and more anions penetrate through the anion exchange membrane 42 to enter the pipeline, so that the content of ionic elements in the water-fertilizer mixed liquid entering the farmland accords with the growth requirement of crops, the fertilizer efficiency is improved, and the effective growth of the crops is promoted.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the output shaft of the second motor 5 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shafts 45 through a coupling, and the two gears 46 are respectively mounted on the two transmission shafts 45 through spline connection;
through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pass through shaft coupling and transmission shaft 45 fixed mounting through setting up No. two 5 output shafts of motor, two gear 46 pass through splined connection and install on transmission shaft 45, can be convenient for the staff to change the gear 46 of different numbers of teeth, adjust gear 46 drive ratio, thereby adjust the rotational speed of transmission shaft 45 and threaded rod 43, and then adjust the pressure ratio in anion regulation bucket 41 and the cation regulation bucket 41, adjust the ion promptly and adjust in the bucket 41, anion and cation are respectively through anion exchange membrane 42 and cation exchange membrane 42's speed, adjust the anion and cation in the mixed liquid and account for the ratio, guarantee the effective growth of crops.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 6, as an embodiment of the present invention, the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation further includes a concentration detection unit 6 installed below the ion regulation bucket 41, where the concentration detection unit 6 is configured to detect whether the concentration of the water and fertilizer mixed liquid meets a standard;
the concentration detection unit 6 includes: a mixing barrel 61, a third motor 62, a rotating pipe 63, a stirring rod 64 and a detection rod 65;
the mixing barrel 61 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 through a connecting frame, and the mixing barrel 61 is respectively communicated with the two ion regulating barrels 41 through a three-way pipe;
the third motor 62 is positioned below the mixing barrel 61, the third motor 62 is fixedly connected with the shell 1, and an output shaft of the third motor 62 penetrates through the mixing barrel 61 and extends into the mixing barrel 61;
the rotating pipe 63 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the third motor 62;
the stirring rods 64 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating pipe 63, and a plurality of stirring rods 64 are uniformly arranged around the rotating pipe 63;
the detection rod 65 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the stirring rod 64;
by adopting the above technical scheme, when ions penetrate through the ion exchange membrane 42 and enter the mixing barrel 61 through the three-way pipe, meanwhile, a worker controls the third motor 62 to start according to the controller, the output shaft of the third motor 62 rotates to drive the rotating pipe 63 to rotate, the rotating pipe 63 drives the stirring rod 64 to rotate, when the ion concentration distribution in the mixing barrel 61 is uneven, namely, the mixed liquid is partially layered, when the concentration distribution is uneven, on one hand, the mixed liquid is stirred when the stirring rod 64 rotates, so that the mixed liquid is uniformly mixed, on the other hand, when the stirring rod 64 rotates, the detection rod 65 is driven to synchronously rotate, because the mixed liquid is layered, the resistance of the detection rod 65 below each stirring rod 64 in rotation is different, if the concentration is higher, the solution density of the solution in a unit volume is higher, the solution quality of the layer is higher, therefore, when the detection rod 65 of the layer rotates along with the stirring rod 64, when the detection rod 65 pushes the mixed liquid, the resistance of the mixed liquid generated by the mixed liquid is higher, the detection rod 65 rotates, if the angle of the normal detection rods 65 is higher, the mixed liquid is larger than the mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid is described as the mixed liquid with the mixed liquid.
As shown in fig. 4, as a specific embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of liquid inlets 7 are formed on the rotating pipe 63, a sealing door 8 is disposed at the liquid inlet 7, the sealing door 8 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the rotating pipe 63, and a pull rope 9 is fixedly connected between the detecting rod 65 and the sealing door 8;
through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when mixed liquid concentration is great, the measuring rod 65 that is located the great layer of mixed liquid concentration self takes place the skew and rotates, draws back sealing door 8 through stay cord 9 when measuring rod 65 takes place the skew, and the great mixed liquid of concentration passes through inlet 7 from last entering rotating tube 63 extremely down, and the upper and lower floor of the outside mixed liquid of rotating tube 63 begins to flow this moment, has further increased the misce bene of mixed liquid.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a liquid outlet 10 is disposed at the bottom of the rotating pipe 63, and a check valve is installed at the liquid outlet 10;
by adopting the technical scheme, after the mixed liquid with higher concentration at the upper part enters the rotating pipe 63, the controller controls the one-way valve to be opened, the mixed liquid with higher concentration flows out from the liquid outlet 10 at the bottom of the rotating pipe 63 again, the mixed liquid is diffused from bottom to top to form self-circulation in the mixing barrel 61, and the mixing uniformity of the mixed liquid is further promoted along with the stirring of the stirring rod 64.
As shown in fig. 1, as an embodiment of the present invention, a drain pipe 11 is fixed to the bottom of the mixing barrel 61 to facilitate transporting the mixed liquid to the farmland through a pipeline.
The working principle is as follows:
when preparing a water-fertilizer mixed solution required by the growth of crops, firstly, people start the first motor 3 according to a controller, the output shaft of the first motor 3 rotates to drive the crushing knife 21 to rotate, at the moment, a worker adds a water source and a fertilizer with corresponding mass into the premixing unit 2 according to the required water-fertilizer ratio, the crushing knife 21 crushes part of massive or water-insoluble fertilizer entering the premixer 22, meanwhile, the water source enters the mixing barrel 61 from the water inlet pipe 24, the water source is primarily contacted and mixed with the fertilizer in the premixer 22, the premixing of the water source and the fertilizer is realized, and at the moment, the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixed solution in the premixer 22 is higher;
the fertilizer in the pre-mixer 22 is washed and diluted from top to bottom by water flow, falls through the filtering holes 26 under the crushing of the crushing cutter 21, then the pre-mixed liquid is divided into an anion adjusting barrel 41 and a cation adjusting barrel 41 through pipelines, the required ratio of anions to cations is determined according to the corresponding crop growth requirement, and the corresponding number of teeth of the gear 46 is selected according to the ratio of anions to cations so that the transmission ratio of the gear 46 is the same as the ratio of anions to cations;
when fertilizer and water in the pre-mixer 22 flow into the anion adjusting barrel 41 and the cation adjusting barrel 41 as much as possible, the second motor 5 is controlled to start according to the controller, the output shaft of the second motor 5 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 45 to rotate, the transmission shaft 45 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 45 on the other side to rotate through the meshing of the gear 46, the transmission shaft 45 rotates to drive the threaded rod 43 to rotate, when the threaded rod 43 rotates, the piston 44 is in threaded connection with the threaded rod 43, and the metal block in the piston 44 and the inner wall of the ion adjusting barrel 41 are in sliding connection with the sliding block through the sliding chute, so the movement of the piston 44 is limited and cannot rotate along the threaded rod 43, and only can slide up and down along the side wall of the ion adjusting barrel 41, and at the moment, because the threaded rods 43 in the two ion adjusting barrels 41 have opposite screw threads, when the threaded rod 43 rotates, the piston 44 in the two adjusting barrels move in the same direction;
when the threaded rod 43 rotates forward, the piston 44 moves downward, the gas and the liquid in the ion adjusting barrel 41 are squeezed, the pressure in the ion adjusting barrel 41 is increased, because the teeth numbers of the gears 46 on the transmission shaft 45 are different, the rotating speed of the pinion 46 with less teeth numbers is higher, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft fixedly mounted with the pinion 46 is higher, the rotating speed of the threaded rod 43 is higher, therefore, the downward moving speed of the piston 44 on the threaded rod 43 with higher rotating speed is higher, and under the condition that the moving time of the piston 44 in the ion adjusting barrel 41 is the same, the downward moving distance of the piston 44 below the pinion 46 is larger than that of the piston 44 below the bull 46, therefore, the pressure in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with the pinion 46 is larger than that in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with the bull 46, and therefore, the rate of the ions in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with higher air pressure permeating the exchange membrane is larger than that of the ions in the ion adjusting barrel 41 with lower air pressure permeating the exchange membrane;
when ions penetrate through the ion exchange membrane 42 and then enter the mixing barrel 61 through the three-way pipe, a worker controls the third motor 62 to start according to the controller, the output shaft of the third motor 62 rotates to drive the rotating pipe 63 to rotate, the rotating pipe 63 drives the stirring rod 64 to rotate, mixed liquid is stirred, and then the mixed liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge pipe 11.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a liquid manure integration system based on single ion regulation and control which characterized in that: the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation comprises: the device comprises a shell (1), a premixing unit (2), a first motor (3), an adjusting unit (4) and a second motor (5);
the premixing unit (2) is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the shell (1), the premixing unit (2) comprises a crushing knife (21), and the premixing unit (2) is used for crushing solid waste;
the first motor (3) is fixedly arranged at the top of the shell (1), and the first motor (3) is used for providing power for the premixing unit (2);
the adjusting unit (4) is fixedly installed in the middle of the shell (1), the adjusting unit (4) is located below the premixing unit (2) and connected with the premixing unit (2) through a pipeline, and the adjusting unit (4) is used for adjusting the ratio of cations to anions in the water-fertilizer mixed solution;
no. two motor (5) pass through support fixed mounting on casing (1), no. two motor (5) are used for providing power for adjusting unit (4).
2. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the premixing unit (2) further comprises: the device comprises a premixer (22), a crushing shaft (23), a water inlet pipe (24), a feed pipe (25), a filtering hole (26) and a guide cylinder (27);
the premixer (22) is fixedly installed with the shell (1) through a fixed frame;
the crushing shaft (23) is positioned in the premixer (22) and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the first motor (3), and the crushing knives (21) are staggered and fixedly arranged on the crushing shaft (23);
the water inlet pipe (24) penetrates through the top of the shell (1) and is fixedly connected with the shell (1), one end of the water inlet pipe (24) positioned in the shell (1) penetrates through the premixer (22) and is communicated with the premixer (22), and one end of the water inlet pipe (24) positioned outside the shell (1) is connected with the water pump;
the feed pipe (25) penetrates through the top of the shell (1) and is fixedly connected with the shell (1), and one end of the feed pipe (25) positioned in the shell (1) penetrates through the premixer (22) and is communicated with the premixer (22);
the filtering holes (26) are formed in the bottom of the premixer (22);
the guide flow cylinder (27) is positioned at the bottom of the premixer (22), and the guide flow cylinder (27) is fixedly connected with the premixer (22).
3. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the adjustment unit (4) comprises: the ion exchange membrane ion source comprises an ion adjusting barrel (41), an ion exchange membrane (42), a threaded rod (43), a piston (44), a transmission shaft (45) and a gear (46);
the ion adjusting barrels (41) are two and are respectively a first adjusting barrel and a second adjusting barrel, the first adjusting barrel is used for adjusting the penetration amount of anions in the barrels, the second adjusting barrel is used for adjusting the penetration amount of cations in the barrels, and the ion adjusting barrels (41) are fixedly arranged on the shell (1) through mounting frames;
the ion exchange membrane (42) is positioned in the ion adjusting barrel (41), the ion exchange membrane (42) comprises a first exchange membrane and a second exchange membrane, the first exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane and is fixedly arranged in the first adjusting barrel, and the second exchange membrane is a cation exchange membrane and is fixedly arranged in the second adjusting barrel;
the two threaded rods (43) are respectively positioned in the first adjusting barrel and the second adjusting barrel;
the piston (44) is in threaded connection with the threaded rod (43), the piston (44) consists of a metal block at the upper end and a rubber block at the lower end, the metal block is fixedly connected with the rubber block, the metal block is in sliding connection with the ion adjusting barrel (41), and the rubber block is in contact with the inner wall of the ion adjusting barrel (41);
the two transmission shafts (45) are arranged and are positioned above the threaded rod (43), the transmission shafts (45) are fixedly connected with the threaded rod (43), and the output shaft of the second motor (5) is fixedly installed with the transmission shaft (45) positioned on one side of the premixer (22);
gear (46) are equipped with two, two install respectively on two transmission shaft (45) gear (46), two gear (46) mesh mutually, two gear (46) the number of teeth is different.
4. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control of claim 2 is characterized in that: the water inlet pipe (24) is positioned at one end in the premixer (22) and has a higher level than the water inlet pipe (25) at one end in the premixer (22).
5. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: an output shaft of the second motor (5) is fixedly installed with the transmission shafts (45) through a coupler, and the two gears (46) are respectively installed on the two transmission shafts (45) through spline connection.
6. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control of claim 3 is characterized in that: the water and fertilizer integrated system based on single ion regulation further comprises: concentration detection unit (6), concentration detection unit (6) are installed in ion regulation bucket (41) below, concentration detection unit (6) are used for detecting whether the concentration of liquid manure mixture accords with the standard.
7. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the concentration detection unit (6) includes: the device comprises a mixing barrel (61), a third motor (62), a rotating pipe (63), a stirring rod (64) and a detection rod (65);
the mixing barrel (61) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the shell (1) through a connecting frame, and the mixing barrel (61) is respectively communicated with the two ion adjusting barrels (41) through a three-way pipe;
the third motor (62) is positioned below the mixing barrel (61), the third motor (62) is fixedly connected with the shell (1), and an output shaft of the third motor (62) penetrates through the mixing barrel (61) and extends into the mixing barrel (61);
the rotating pipe (63) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the third motor (62);
the stirring rods (64) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating pipe (63), and a plurality of stirring rods (64) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the rotating pipe (63);
the detection rod (65) is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the stirring rod (64).
8. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control of claim 7 is characterized in that: a plurality of liquid inlets (7) are formed in the rotating pipe (63), a sealing door (8) is arranged at the liquid inlet (7), the sealing door (8) is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the rotating pipe (63), and a pull rope (9) is fixedly connected between the detection rod (65) and the sealing door (8).
9. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control of claim 7 is characterized in that: a liquid outlet (10) is formed in the bottom of the rotating pipe (63), and a check valve is installed at the position of the liquid outlet (10).
10. The water and fertilizer integrated system based on single-ion regulation and control of claim 7 is characterized in that: and a liquid discharge pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing barrel (61).
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