CN115941110A - Method for reducing optical wave crosstalk of optical module - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing optical wave crosstalk of an optical module, wherein the optical module comprises an optical demultiplexer with a plurality of optical channels and a plurality of photoelectric sensors which are respectively and correspondingly arranged with each optical channel of the optical demultiplexer. The method for reducing the crosstalk of the optical waves of the optical module measures and calculates the interference function between the optical channels, can calculate the interference amount to other optical channels according to the sensing optical power of each optical channel, and subtracts the interference amount from the sensing optical power of each optical channel to obtain accurate optical power when in use, thereby reducing the crosstalk and improving the accuracy of converting optical signals into electric signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a method for reducing optical wave crosstalk of an optical module.
Background
With the continuous widening of the application of the mobile internet, data centers are rapidly developed and become important infrastructures in the information society. The data center is composed of a large number of servers, and high-speed and large-capacity data transmission and exchange among the servers are required to be realized through optical modules. In the past, a 4-path parallel transmission mode is mostly adopted for the optical module, that is, four optical paths are respectively arranged at a receiving end and a transmitting end to complete bidirectional transceiving, but the mode can multiply the wiring number of a data center, and the maintenance is very difficult.
At present, the data transmission rate has entered 100G times, and in order to meet this requirement, the number of optical fibers needs to be reduced, the cost needs to be reduced, and the channel capacity needs to be improved, and an optical module adopting a wavelength division multiplexing mode appears.
Wavelength division multiplexing is a technique of multiplexing light of a plurality of different wavelengths onto a single optical fiber and demultiplexing light of a plurality of different wavelengths from the single optical fiber to increase information capacity and realize bidirectional flow of signals. An optical module using a wavelength division multiplexing method generally includes an optical multiplexer and an optical demultiplexer, the optical multiplexer multiplexes signal lights with different wavelengths generated by a plurality of lasers and transmits the multiplexed signal lights to the outside through an optical fiber, and the optical demultiplexer demultiplexes external signal light transmitted from the optical fiber and processes the demultiplexed external signal light through a photoelectric sensor. Generally, a wavelength division demultiplexer usually adopts a filter form, signal light emitted from an optical fiber is decomposed and filtered by a plurality of filters and then respectively irradiated onto each photoelectric sensor, and each photoelectric sensor processes the signal light of one optical channel and converts an optical signal into an electrical signal. However, in practice, there is a case where a plurality of optical channel signal lights interfere with each other, and the respective photosensors may perform processing on the own optical channel signal light in a different manner.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for reducing crosstalk of light waves of an optical module, wherein the optical module includes an optical demultiplexer having a plurality of optical channels, and a plurality of photosensors respectively disposed corresponding to each optical channel of the optical demultiplexer, the method includes the following steps:
1) Setting a standard light source, wherein the standard light source is provided with a plurality of lasers, the plurality of lasers generate a plurality of signal lights with different wavelengths, the plurality of signal lights enter an optical demultiplexer of an optical module through a multiplexer and an attenuator, the attenuator performs power attenuation adjustment on the signal light output by an external multiplexer, a plurality of optical channels of the optical demultiplexer respectively transmit one signal light, and each optical channel corresponds to one laser of the standard light source;
2) Enabling a laser corresponding to the ith optical channel not to work;
3) The lasers corresponding to other optical channels are respectively and independently opened, and relevant parameters are measured through the corresponding photoelectric sensors when each other optical channel is independently opened;
4) Determining the interference function Y = K of the ith optical channel affected by the single of the other optical channels in X+B in ；
5) Sequentially enabling the lasers corresponding to other single optical channels not to work, and repeating the step 3) and the step 4) each time, and obtaining an interference function Y = K) of each optical channel under the single influence of other optical channels mn X+B mn ；
6) It is determined whether the interference function is normal.
In some embodiments, in step 3), the measured parameters include the optical power at each attenuation of the inactive optical channel and the optical power at each attenuation of the active optical channel. It is beneficial to describe the specific parameters measured.
In some embodiments, in step 3), the signal optical power output by the external multiplexer is attenuated by the attenuator by a first value, a second value and a third value, respectively, wherein the first value is close to 0, the second value attenuates the signal optical power to 50%, and the third value attenuates the signal optical power to 10%. It is advantageous to describe the number of attenuation values taken when measuring the parameter.
In some embodiments, in step 3), the signal optical power output by the external multiplexer is also attenuated by a fourth value when the lasers of adjacent ones of the measured optical channels are individually turned on, wherein the fourth value is between the second value and the third value. The method has the advantage that the attenuation value is taken once more in consideration of more obvious influence of adjacent optical channels.
In some embodiments, in step a), the threshold Z is determined proportionally according to a corresponding index of an active protocol of the optical module, or according to an electrical performance parameter of the photo sensor. It is advantageous that a method of determining the threshold Z is described.
In some embodiments, in step 3), the interference function of each optical channel affected by a single of the other optical channels is determined by a least squares method. It is advantageous that a specific method of determining the interference function is described.
In some embodiments, step 6) is further divided into the following decision steps
a) Setting a threshold value Z, and simultaneously opening lasers of at least two optical channels except the ith optical channel;
b) Obtaining the optical power P sensed by the photoelectric sensor of the ith optical channel and the power X of each optical channel for opening the laser j The power X of each optical channel is determined j Substituting interference function Y = K in X+B in Obtaining the interference Y of each optical channel j ；
c) The interference amount Y of each optical channel j The sum of the first and second interference signals is subtracted from the optical power P of the ith optical channel, and if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than a threshold value Z, the interference function Y = K is determined in X+B in Normal;
d) Simultaneously turning on the lasers of at least two optical channels in sequence, except for the other individual optical channels, and repeating steps b) and c) each time until the interference function Y = K between the optical channels is completed mn X+B mn And (4) judging.
It is advantageous to describe the decision whether the interference function is normal or not.
In some embodiments, in step a), the signal optical power output by the external multiplexer is attenuated by a fifth value through the attenuator, wherein the optical power after the attenuation by the fifth value is close to the optical power when the optical module normally operates. It is advantageous to describe the number of attenuation values taken when two optical channels are turned on.
In some embodiments, in step c), when it is determined that the interference function is abnormal, the instrument is checked and data sampling is re-performed to confirm the interference function again. It is advantageous to describe the method taken when the interference function is determined to be abnormal.
In some embodiments, further comprising the steps of: 7) And writing the judged interference function between the optical channels into a memory of the optical module. The method has the advantages that the interference amount can be conveniently and automatically calculated and deducted when the method is used, and the processing precision of the signal is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of optical wave crosstalk;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a crosstalk measurement apparatus for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module shown in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the principle of the optical wave crosstalk phenomenon. As shown in fig. 1, when the multiplexed light S passes through the filter 1, since the transmittance of the filter cannot reach 100%, the signal light S ' that should pass through the filter is not completely transmitted through the filter 1, but a part of the signal light S ' is reflected, and is mixed with the signal light S1 that is reflected and is projected to the lower photoelectric sensor 2, where the signal light S ' at least includes at least one path of signal light in other three channels. Similarly, since the cutoff ratio of the filter cannot be completely 0, the signal light S1 that should be cut off is further reflected to the photosensor of the rear optical channel through the filter. The non-transmitted signal light S' and the non-cut-off signal light S1 are shown in the form of dotted lines in the figure, and the presence of these two lights is a major factor of interference. In addition, the light reflected from different filters may also generate scattered light S0 to the surroundings, and in all of the above cases, the photo-sensor detects mixed light of the signal light of the local path and the signal light of other paths, and thus the signal light of other paths affects the processing result of the signal light of the local path, which is called optical wave crosstalk.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a crosstalk measurement apparatus of a method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 shows a flow of the method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module in fig. 2.
The optical module adopting wavelength division multiplexing comprises an optical multiplexer and an optical demultiplexer, wherein a plurality of channels are respectively arranged in the optical multiplexer and the optical demultiplexer, each channel transmits signal light with different wavelengths, the number of the channels is determined according to practical application, and the invention takes four channels as an example for explanation. Specifically, an optical demultiplexer of the optical module has four optical channels, which are sequentially arranged and through which signal light can pass, and are respectively called a first optical channel, a second optical channel, a third optical channel, and a fourth optical channel, external signal light is demultiplexed and then separated into signal light with four wavelengths, the signal light with four wavelengths respectively enters the four optical channels and is incident on corresponding four photoelectric sensors, and each photoelectric sensor can convert the optical signal into an electrical signal by sensing the power of the signal light in each optical channel. The existence of the crosstalk phenomenon causes the power of the mixed light, which is not the power of the signal light of the channel but is interfered, detected by the photoelectric sensor corresponding to each optical channel, so that the converted electrical signal is deviated.
As shown in fig. 2-3, in order to reduce the influence of the crosstalk phenomenon on the optical signal processing result, quantitative confirmation of "interference" light of other channels sensed by each of the photosensors is required to facilitate elimination of interference items during actual measurement and use. The specific procedure for quantitative confirmation is as follows.
First, a standard light source is provided, which has four lasers capable of emitting signal lights with four wavelengths, and the wavelengths of the signal lights with the four wavelengths are the same as the wavelengths of the signal lights when the optical module operates. And then providing an external multiplexer, multiplexing four signal lights generated by four lasers of the standard light source through the external multiplexer, providing an attenuator, adjusting the optical power of the four signal lights after multiplexing through the attenuator, keeping the optical power of the signal light generated by the standard light source constant, adjusting the power attenuation of the four multiplexed signal lights through the attenuator, emitting the four multiplexed signal lights from the attenuator, transmitting the four multiplexed signal lights into an optical demultiplexer of the optical module, demultiplexing the four multiplexed signal lights through the optical demultiplexer, and irradiating the four multiplexed signal lights onto a photoelectric sensor of the optical module through four optical channels respectively.
Then, the laser of the standard light source corresponding to a certain optical channel (i =1,2,3,4) is made to be inoperative in sequence, and the interference function of the optical channel affected by the single of other optical channels is obtained through correlation measurement
Taking the first optical channel as an example, the laser corresponding to the first optical channel is made to be inoperative, that is, the first optical channel does not pass light, then the lasers corresponding to other optical channels are separately turned on, the attenuators attenuate different values for multiple times, and relevant parameters are measured when each other optical channel is separately turned on, wherein the measured parameters are the optical power of the first optical channel under each attenuation and the optical power of the optical channel corresponding to the laser that is separately turned on.
Theoretically, since the laser corresponding to the first optical channel does not operate, the measured optical power of the first optical channel should be 0, but due to the existence of the crosstalk of the optical wave, the optical power can be detected by the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the first optical channel, and the optical power is the interference amount of the first optical channel interfered by other optical channels alone.
Taking the example of independently turning on the laser corresponding to the second optical channel, the attenuator is used to respectively attenuate the optical power three times differently, and the first value, the second value and the third value are respectively attenuated. Respectively measuring the optical power of the first optical channel under each attenuation as P12-1, P12-2 and P12-3, and measuring the optical power of the second optical channel under each attenuation as P2-1, P2-2 and P2-3, then taking (P2-1, P12-1), (P2-2, P12-2) and (P2-3, P12-3) as sampling data, and establishing the interference function of the first optical channel under the single influence of the second optical channel by a least square method as follows:
Y＝K 12 X+B 12
wherein, the variable X is the measured optical power of the second optical channel, i.e. equivalent of P2-1, P2-2 and P2-3, Y is the interference of the first optical channel by the second optical channel, i.e. equivalent of P12-1, P12-2 and P12-3, K is 12 And B 12 Then the calculated fixed parameter.
Preferably, the first value is close to 0, i.e. the light generated by the standard light source is not substantially attenuated, the second value attenuates the signal light power to the remaining 50%, and the third value attenuates the signal light power to only the remaining 10%.
Similarly, when the laser corresponding to the third optical channel is separately opened, the interference function Y = K of the first optical channel affected by the single third optical channel can be obtained 13 X+B 13 When the laser corresponding to the fourth optical channel is opened alone, the interference function Y = K of the first optical channel affected by the fourth optical channel alone can be obtained 14 X+B 14 。
It can be seen from this that the interference function of the first optical channel affected by the single influence of the other optical channels is as follows:
Y＝K 1n X+B 1n
where n =1,2,3,4.
Then, the method is adopted to further test the interference functions of the second optical channel, the third optical channel, the fourth optical channel and the like which are affected by the single influence of other optical channels, and finally the total interference function of the mutual single influence among the optical channels is obtained as follows:
Y＝K mn X+B nn
wherein m =1,2,3,4; n =1,2,3,4; and m ≠ n.
Preferably, in a test, it can be found that each optical channel is more significantly affected by interference of its adjacent optical channel, and then one more group of data may be sampled when the adjacent optical channels are individually opened, for example, if the second optical channel is an adjacent optical channel of the first optical channel, the influence on the first optical channel tends to be larger than that on the third optical channel and the fourth optical channel, and when the second optical channel is individually opened to measure interference of the first optical channel, the attenuator may be selected to attenuate optical power entering the optical module by a fourth value, so as to obtain four groups of data for constructing the function. Considering that the linearity of the interference function deviates greatly after the signal light is attenuated more, the fourth value is preferably between the second value and the third value, so that the sampled data with smaller signal light power can be supplemented, and the linear fitting of the interference function is more accurate.
Next, the interference suffered by each optical channel when being simultaneously influenced by at least two other optical channels is measured to determine the interference function, and the specific steps are as follows.
A threshold value Z is preset, and the threshold value Z can be determined in proportion according to corresponding indexes of an active protocol of the optical module or according to electrical performance parameters of the photoelectric sensor. Whether the interference function is normal can be judged by relevant measurement and parameter comparison of a certain optical channel (set as the ith optical channel, i =1,2,3,4) and other optical channels (set as the jth optical channel, j =1 and/or 2 and/or 3 and/or 4).
Taking the first optical channel as an example, first, the laser corresponding to the first optical channel does not work (at this time, the optical power is attenuated by a fifth value, and the fifth value is preferably between the first value and the second value, so that the attenuated signal optical power is close to the signal optical power commonly used in the normal operation of the optical module), then, the lasers of other at least two optical channels are simultaneously turned on, the optical power P sensed by the photoelectric sensor of the first optical channel is detected, the power X of each optical channel of the laser is turned on, and the power X of each optical channel is substituted into the function Y = K of the first optical channel subjected to interference 1n X+B 1n Then, the interference Y of each optical channel is obtained. And then, the sum of the interference amount Y of each optical channel is subtracted from the optical power P of the first optical channel, and if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than a threshold value Z, the interference function is judged to be normal.
Taking the optical channels opened at the same time as the second optical channel and the third optical channel as an example, the power X of the second optical channel is detected respectively 2 And the power X of the third optical channel 3 X is to be 2 And X 3 Respectively substituted into Y = K 1n X+B 1n Then obtaining the influence interference Y of the second optical channel and the third optical channel to the first optical channel 2 And Y 3 The sum of the two interference is subtracted from the optical power P of the first optical channel, and the absolute value of the difference is taken, i.e., | (Y) 2 +Y 3 ) -the value of P | is compared with a threshold value Z, if the result is | (Y) 2 +Y 3 ) -P | < Z, then the interference function Y = K for the first optical channel at this time is determined 1n X+B 1n Normal, otherwise abnormal.
It should be understood that, in the case of making the laser corresponding to the first optical channel not work, the second and fourth optical channels, or the second, third and fourth optical channels, etc. may be opened again, and the above operations may be repeated, so as to complete the interference function Y = K 1n X+B 1n The determination in each case ensures that it is perfectly normal.
Then, under the condition that the lasers corresponding to the second optical channel, the third optical channel and the fourth optical channel do not work, the lasers of other at least two optical channels are opened, and according to the operation of the steps, whether the related interference functions of the second optical channel, the third optical channel and the fourth optical channel are normal or not is judged until the total interference function Y = K performing single influence on the optical channels is completed mn X+B nn And (4) judging.
In addition, if the interference function is abnormal in a certain determination result, which may be caused by abnormality of the optical device or the testing instrument (such as quality defect of the filter or dust, malfunction of the photoelectric sensor, etc.), each device and equipment may be inspected, data sampling may be performed again after the abnormality is eliminated, and then the interference function may be determined again. By judging the abnormality of the interference function, the measurement inaccuracy caused by accidental factors can be effectively reduced, and the reliability of the interference function is improved.
Finally, after determining that the interference function between the optical channels is normal, the interference function is written into a memory of the optical module, so that the system can automatically calculate the interference amount of the interference function to other channels according to the optical power sensed by each optical channel in the using process, and deduct the corresponding interference amount in the calculation of the optical power of the interfered channel, thereby obtaining accurate optical power and improving the accuracy of converting the optical signal into the electrical signal.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reducing optical wave crosstalk of an optical module, wherein the optical module includes an optical demultiplexer having a plurality of optical channels, and a plurality of photosensors respectively disposed corresponding to each optical channel of the optical demultiplexer, is characterized in that: comprises the following steps
1) Setting a standard light source, wherein the standard light source is provided with a plurality of lasers, the plurality of lasers generate a plurality of signal lights with different wavelengths, the plurality of signal lights enter an optical demultiplexer of an optical module through a multiplexer and an attenuator, the attenuator performs power attenuation adjustment on the signal light output by an external multiplexer, a plurality of optical channels of the optical demultiplexer respectively transmit one signal light, and each optical channel corresponds to one laser of the standard light source;
2) Enabling the laser corresponding to the ith optical channel not to work;
3) The lasers corresponding to other optical channels are respectively and independently opened, and relevant parameters are measured through the corresponding photoelectric sensors when each other optical channel is independently opened;
4) Determining the interference function Y = K of the ith optical channel affected by the single of the other optical channels in X+B in ；
5) Sequentially enabling the lasers corresponding to other single optical channels not to work, and repeating the step 3) and the step 4) each time, and obtaining an interference function Y = K) of each optical channel under the single influence of other optical channels mn X+B mn ；
6) It is determined whether the interference function is normal.
2. The method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3), the measured parameters include the optical power at each attenuation of the inactive optical channel and the optical power at each attenuation of the active optical channel.
3. The method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to claim 2, wherein: in step 3), the signal optical power output by the external multiplexer is respectively attenuated by the attenuator to a first value, a second value and a third value, wherein the first value is close to 0, the second value attenuates the signal optical power to 50%, and the third value attenuates the signal optical power to 10%.
4. A method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to claim 3, wherein: in step 3), the signal optical power output by the external multiplexer is also attenuated by a fourth value when the lasers of the adjacent optical channels of the measured optical channel are individually switched on, wherein the fourth value is between the second value and the third value.
5. The method for reducing crosstalk of light waves of an optical module according to claim 1, wherein: in step 3), the interference function of each optical channel affected by the single of the other optical channels is determined by the least squares method.
6. The method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to claim 1, wherein: in step 6), the method for judging whether the interference function is normal comprises the following steps
a) Setting a threshold value Z, and simultaneously opening lasers of at least two optical channels except the ith optical channel;
b) Obtaining the optical power P sensed by the photoelectric sensor of the ith optical channel and the power X of each optical channel for opening the laser j The power X of each optical channel is determined j Substituting interference function Y = K in X+B in Obtaining the interference amount Y of each optical channel j ；
c) Each light is emittedInterference amount Y of channel j The sum of the first and second interference signals is subtracted from the optical power P of the ith optical channel, and if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than a threshold value Z, the interference function Y = K is judged in X+B in Normal;
d) Simultaneously turning on the lasers of at least two optical channels in sequence, except for the other individual optical channels, and repeating steps b) and c) each time until the interference function Y = K between the optical channels is completed mn X+B mn And (4) judging.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of reducing crosstalk between optical waves of the optical module comprises: in the step a), the signal optical power output by the external multiplexer is attenuated by a fifth value through the attenuator, wherein the optical power after the attenuation of the fifth value is close to the optical power of the optical module during normal operation.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of reducing crosstalk between optical waves of the optical module comprises: in step a), the threshold Z is determined proportionally according to the corresponding index of the active protocol of the optical module, or according to the electrical performance parameters of the photoelectric sensor.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of reducing crosstalk between optical waves of the optical module comprises: in step c), when the interference function is determined to be abnormal, the tester is checked and data sampling is performed again to confirm the interference function again.
10. A method for reducing crosstalk of optical waves of an optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: also comprises the following steps
7) And writing the judged interference function between the optical channels into a memory of the optical module.
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| CN104897373A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring linear relationship between laser power and detector photocurrent |
| CN109428650A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of optical power detection system and method |
| US20210297153A1 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-09-23 | Wuhan Telecommunication Devices Co., Ltd | Method And Corresponding Apparatus For Reducing Backlight Crosstalk Impact Of Optical Assembly |
| CN115021811A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Optical power reporting method and device of optical module |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104897373A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring linear relationship between laser power and detector photocurrent |
| CN109428650A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of optical power detection system and method |
| US20210297153A1 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-09-23 | Wuhan Telecommunication Devices Co., Ltd | Method And Corresponding Apparatus For Reducing Backlight Crosstalk Impact Of Optical Assembly |
| CN115021811A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Optical power reporting method and device of optical module |
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