CN115939703A - Multiplexer and communication equipment - Google Patents
Multiplexer and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115939703A CN115939703A CN202211372264.0A CN202211372264A CN115939703A CN 115939703 A CN115939703 A CN 115939703A CN 202211372264 A CN202211372264 A CN 202211372264A CN 115939703 A CN115939703 A CN 115939703A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a multiplexer and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication, wherein the multiplexer specifically comprises a metal shell, two or more than two dielectric filters arranged in the metal shell and a PCB (printed circuit board), wherein a first connector and a second connector are arranged on the metal shell, and the number of the first connectors is the same as that of the dielectric filters; the first connector and the second connector both comprise an insulating shell and an impedance matcher arranged in the insulating shell; the impedance matcher of the first connector is respectively coupled to the first coupling ports of the corresponding dielectric filters after passing through the PCB; and a second coupling port of the dielectric filter is coupled to the impedance matcher of the second connector after passing through the PCB. The embodiment of the invention reduces the difficulty of the using process and greatly improves the assembly efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a multiplexer and communication equipment.
Background
A duplexer is a device that can connect the TX path and the RX path to a common antenna without interfering with each other. When the frequencies of the transmitter and the receiver are different, two filters can be combined together; one filter for receiving and the other for transmitting.
In the background of mobile communication transmission, a dielectric duplexer is gradually developed toward miniaturization and high performance as a common duplexer. However, the existing dielectric duplexer has large deterioration of return loss after being pasted with a patch, and impedance matching adjustment is difficult; the customer is required to add an impedance adjustment process to achieve the system index, but the process cost is increased, and the risk of replacing the filter due to matching adjustment failure is also increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a multiplexer and a communication device, which can reduce the difficulty of the use process and greatly improve the assembly efficiency.
In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a multiplexer, which includes a metal housing, two or more dielectric filters installed in the metal housing, and a PCB board, wherein a first connector and a second connector are installed on the metal housing, and the number of the first connectors is the same as the number of the dielectric filters; the first connector and the second connector both comprise an insulating shell and an impedance matcher arranged in the insulating shell; the impedance matcher of the first connector is respectively coupled to the first coupling ports of the corresponding dielectric filters after passing through the PCB; and a second coupling port of the dielectric filter is coupled to the impedance matcher of the second connector after passing through the PCB.
As an optional solution, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the PCB is provided with a conditioning circuit, the conditioning circuit includes a first conditioning circuit and a second conditioning circuit, and the number of the first conditioning circuits is the same as the number of the first connectors; each first connector is coupled to the first coupling port of the corresponding dielectric filter after passing through the corresponding first conditioning circuit; the second coupling port of each dielectric filter is coupled to the second connector after passing through the second conditioning circuit.
Optionally, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the impedance matcher of the first connector extends into the metal housing and is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and the impedance matcher of the second connector extends into the metal housing and is directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit.
Optionally, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the multiplexer further includes a first quick connector adapted to the first connector and a second quick connector adapted to the second connector; one end of the first quick connector is directly or indirectly welded or in interference connection or insertion connection with a first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and the other end of the first quick connector is connected with the first connector; one end of the second quick connector is directly or indirectly welded or in interference connection or insertion connection with the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit, and the other end of the second quick connector is connected with the second connector.
As an optional solution, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the impedance matcher of the first connector extends into the metal housing and is directly abutted or plugged to the first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and the impedance matcher of the second connector extends into the metal housing and is directly abutted or plugged to the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit.
Optionally, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the impedance matcher is a conductor with an impedance of 50 ohms.
Optionally, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, each impedance matcher has a fixed characteristic impedance, and one or more of the first connectors or/and the second connectors are replaced when the input/output parameter of the multiplexer does not satisfy a preset condition.
Optionally, in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the multiplexer further includes one or more spare connectors, where the spare connectors also have fixed characteristic impedances, and the characteristic impedances of the spare connectors are different from the characteristic impedances of the impedance matcher, and one or more of the first connectors or/and the second connectors are replaced with the spare connectors.
A second aspect of the present invention discloses a communication device, which includes the multiplexer according to the first aspect of the present invention.
As an optional solution, in the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the communication device further includes an antenna, one end of the first connector is electrically connected to an external circuit, and the other end of the first connector is electrically connected to the PCB; one end of the second connector is electrically connected to the antenna, and the other end of the second connector is electrically connected to the PCB.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the metal shell structure is arranged, and the metal shell is grounded, so that a good grounding effect of the multiplexer is ensured;
2. the connector structure is arranged, the impedance matcher is arranged in the connector, the assembly is easy, the stability of the input and the output of the multiplexer is ensured, the reliability is higher, and an impedance matching adjustment procedure is not needed in the debugging process of the multiplexer;
3. when the input/output parameters (such as return loss or/and standing wave ratio) of the multiplexer do not meet the requirements, the input/output parameters of the multiplexer can be adjusted by replacing the connector, so that the risk of replacing the filter due to impedance matching failure is avoided;
4. the multiplexer can be made smaller and lighter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of a multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a multiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 11. a base; 12. a cover plate; 21. a first connector; 211. a first impedance matcher; 22. a first and a second connector; 221. a first and second impedance matcher; 23. a second connector; 231. a second impedance matcher; 31. a first dielectric filter; 32. a second dielectric filter; 40. a PCB board; 41. a first conditioning circuit; 42. a first and second conditioning circuit; 43. a second conditioning circuit; 50. an antenna.
Detailed Description
The present embodiment is only an explanation of the embodiment of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiment as needed without inventive contribution after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the embodiment of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, in the description and claims of this application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements explicitly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present embodiments, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "e.g.," an embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present relevant concepts in a concrete fashion.
The invention is provided with the connector structure, the impedance matcher is arranged in the connector, the assembly is easy, the stability of the input and the output of the multiplexer is ensured, the reliability is higher, and the impedance matching adjustment process is not needed in the debugging process of the multiplexer, which is described in detail by combining the attached drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-3, a multiplexer includes a metal housing, a dielectric filter, a connector and a PCB 40. The dielectric filters are configured according to specific conditions of a specific multiplexer, for example, the duplexer may be implemented by configuring two dielectric filters, the triplexer may be implemented by three dielectric filters, and the like.
The metal shell can have a base 11 and a cover plate 12 of an accommodating space, wherein the cover plate 12 covers an opening above the base 11, the dielectric filter and the PCB 40 are installed in the accommodating space, and the connector is installed on the side of the base 11 through bolts and the like and is electrically connected with the PCB 40.
The metal shell is adopted, so that the multiplexer is guaranteed to have a good grounding effect, and for example, a conductive piece for grounding can be arranged on the metal shell. The filter structure using the dielectric filter as the multiplexer can achieve smaller volume and lighter weight.
The connector is used for an input/output port of the multiplexer, and is connected to an external circuit or an antenna on the one hand, and is connected to an internal circuit of the multiplexer on the other hand. The number of connectors is determined according to the number of the dielectric filters, wherein the connector connected to the external circuit is referred to as a first connector, and the connector connected to the antenna is referred to as a second connector.
The first connector is connected to the first coupling interface of the corresponding dielectric filter through the PCB, one first connector is correspondingly arranged on each dielectric filter, and the second connector is connected to the common end of the dielectric filters through the PCB and is marked as a second coupling interface.
The connector comprises an insulating shell and an impedance matcher, wherein the insulating shell is used for installing the connector on the metal shell, and the impedance matcher is installed in the insulating shell.
The impedance matcher is used to ensure that the multiplexer has stable input/output, for example, in the communication device of the existing multiplexer, the characteristic impedances (or called characteristic impedances) of the antenna, the cable, and the like are all 50 ohms, so that the characteristic impedance of the impedance matcher herein also adopts 50 ohms to ensure that the multiplexer has standard 50-ohm input/output, and the return loss, standing-wave ratio, and the like of the multiplexer are not greatly affected by the factors such as the patch of the internal circuit of the multiplexer.
The external circuit may comprise, for example, an amplifier, as well as some other necessary circuits, such as a frequency selector and a filter. The multiplexer includes a transmitting port, a receiving port and a common port, wherein the first connector is used as a connecting member of the input/output port to form the transmitting port or the receiving port of the multiplexer, and the second connector 23 is used as a connecting member of the common port of the multiplexer and connected with the antenna. The amplifier connected to the receive port of the multiplexer may use a Power Amplifier (PA), and the amplifier connected to the transmit port of the multiplexer may use a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA).
Taking the duplexer as an example, please refer to fig. 1 and 2, the first connector includes a first connector 21 and a first second connector 22, wherein when the first connector 21 is used as a connector of the receive port of the multiplexer, the first second connector 22 is used as a connector of the transmit port of the multiplexer. The triplexer and the like are similar in structure and are not described in detail herein.
The dielectric filter is realized by adopting a dielectric ceramic block, and the dielectric ceramic block is provided with blind holes or/and through grooves which are used as input and output to couple each resonant cavity and each coupling window. The dielectric ceramic block can be covered by metallic silver or other high-conductivity materials (such as copper, graphene, gold and the like), and the patterns of the coupling ring and the coupling square block of the dielectric ceramic block can be realized by printing, sputtering, etching, electroplating and other process methods.
The PCB is provided with a conditioning circuit for conditioning input or output information of the multiplexer, and the conditioning circuit can be one or more of a gain adjusting circuit, an amplifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a protection circuit (such as an anti-surge circuit). The conditioning circuit may include a first conditioning circuit and a second conditioning circuit, wherein the first conditioning circuit and the first connector are the same in number, and the second conditioning circuit and the first connector correspond.
Each first connector is coupled to the first coupling port of the corresponding dielectric filter after passing through the corresponding first conditioning circuit; the second coupling ports of the dielectric filters are coupled to the second connector after passing through the second conditioning circuit.
Taking the duplexer as an example, please refer to fig. 3, the first conditioning circuit includes a first primary conditioning circuit 41 and a first secondary conditioning circuit 42, the dielectric filter includes a first dielectric filter 31 and a second dielectric filter 32, the first impedance matcher includes a first primary impedance matcher 211 and a first secondary impedance matcher 221, the first primary impedance matcher 211 is connected to the first coupling interface of the first dielectric filter 31 through the first primary conditioning circuit 41, and the first secondary impedance matcher 221 is connected to the first coupling interface of the second dielectric filter 32 through the first secondary conditioning circuit 42; the common port of the first dielectric filter 31 and the second dielectric filter 32 is connected to the second impedance matcher 231 through the second conditioning circuit 43, and then connected to the antenna 50.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connector and the PCB board can be connected by means of quick connectors or connection terminals, thereby facilitating the assembly of the multiplexer or/and the replacement of the connector.
Illustratively, the impedance matcher of the first connector extends into the metal housing to be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first I/O port of the first conditioning circuit, and the impedance matcher of the second connector extends into the metal housing to be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second I/O port of the second conditioning circuit.
Specifically, when the structure of the quick connector is adopted, the quick connector comprises a first quick connector and a second quick connector, wherein the first quick connector is matched with the first connector, and the second quick connector is matched with the second connector. One end of the first quick connector is directly or indirectly welded or inserted with the first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, or is connected in a butting manner, and the other end of the first quick connector is connected with the first connector.
Similarly, one end of the second quick connector is directly or indirectly welded with the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit, and the other end of the second quick connector is connected with the second connector.
When the connection terminal is adopted, the impedance matcher of the first connector extends into the metal shell and is directly plugged on the connection terminal corresponding to the first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and the impedance matcher of the second connector extends into the metal shell and is directly plugged on the connection terminal of the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit.
In other embodiments, the impedance matching unit may be configured to be connected to the first input/output port and the second input/output port by an interference connection, for example, by installing conductive sheets at the positions of the first input/output port and the second input/output port, and when the connector is installed on the metal shell, just enabling the impedance matching unit extending into the metal shell to abut against the corresponding conductive sheets.
As described above, the characteristic impedance of the impedance matcher is set according to the application environment of the multiplexer so as to be adapted to the application environment. In this case, regardless of the characteristic impedance inside the multiplexer, the input/output of the multiplexer is guaranteed to be the same as the characteristic impedance of the application environment, and the characteristic impedance mismatch caused by the manufacture or debugging of the PCB or the dielectric filter is avoided.
Of course, in some other embodiments, the coupling circuit between the PCB and the dielectric filter may also set a corresponding characteristic impedance, for example, 50 ohms, so that the input/output parameters of the multiplexer are better satisfied.
When the multiplexer is applied to a specific environment, the multiplexer needs to be debugged, so that the working frequency of the multiplexer is adapted to the application environment, and the problem of impedance matching does not need to be concerned in the debugging process of the multiplexer.
However, in some scenarios, the characteristic impedance of the device used in a specific environment, such as a cable or an antenna, deviates from the preset value due to accuracy problems during the manufacturing process, and in this case, if the connector is used to connect with the device in the specific environment, the input or output parameters of the multiplexer, such as the return loss or/and the standing wave ratio, may not meet the preset requirements.
In the prior art, an impedance matching adjusting circuit is arranged on a PCB, and the purpose of impedance matching is achieved by adjusting characteristic impedance, thereby ensuring that input or output parameters of a multiplexer meet preset requirements.
There are various ways to implement the impedance matching adjusting circuit, for example, the impedance matching adjusting circuit can be implemented by an adjustable resistor, an adjustable capacitor, etc. in this way, the contact points are easy to cause unreliable adjusting result or deviation caused by vibration or other reasons in use. There are also documents for modulating impedance matching adjustment circuits by connecting external control devices, which on the one hand require professional equipment or/and software and on the other hand are not friendly to non-technical personnel.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the connection relationship between the connector and the PCB, the input or/and output parameters of the multiplexer can be adjusted by replacing the connector. Specifically, one or more spare connectors may be provided, which have the same size as the first connector and the second connector, except that the characteristic impedance of the spare connector is slightly larger or smaller than the first connector and the second connector, so that, during the debugging process of the multiplexer, if the input or/and output parameters of the multiplexer do not meet the preset conditions, for example, the preset condition of setting the standing-wave ratio is 1.5, and the return loss is-14 dB, when the standing-wave ratio of the multiplexer is smaller than 1.5, or/and the return loss is larger than-14 dB, the multiplexer is considered not to meet the preset conditions, and may be adjusted by replacing the spare connector.
In this way, on the one hand, the user is not required to have a high level of skill, and on the other hand, the assembly is also very simple, which can improve the assembly efficiency.
Example two
The second embodiment provides a communication device, which may be a base station, such as a base station, a small station, or a micro station for 5G communication. Of course, other communication devices applied to the multiplexer, such as a television transmitter, etc., are also possible.
The communication device includes necessary structures, such as an external circuit, an antenna, and the like, in addition to the multiplexer. In use, one end of the first connector is electrically connected to an external circuit, and the other end of the first connector is electrically connected to the PCB; one end of the second connector is electrically connected to the antenna, and the other end of the second connector is electrically connected to the PCB.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive, and many modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multiplexer is characterized by comprising a metal shell, two or more than two dielectric filters and a PCB board, wherein the two or more than two dielectric filters are arranged in the metal shell; the first connector and the second connector both comprise an insulating shell and an impedance matcher arranged in the insulating shell; the impedance matcher of the first connector is respectively coupled to the first coupling ports of the corresponding dielectric filters after passing through the PCB; and a second coupling port of the dielectric filter is coupled to the impedance matcher of the second connector after passing through the PCB.
2. The multiplexer of claim 1, wherein the PCB board has conditioning circuits disposed thereon, the conditioning circuits including first conditioning circuits and second conditioning circuits, the number of the first conditioning circuits being the same as the number of the first connectors; each first connector is coupled to the first coupling port of the corresponding dielectric filter after passing through the corresponding first conditioning circuit; the second coupling port of each dielectric filter is coupled to the second connector after passing through the second conditioning circuit.
3. The multiplexer of claim 2, wherein the impedance matcher of the first connector extends into the metal housing to be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and the impedance matcher of the second connector extends into the metal housing to be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit.
4. The multiplexer of claim 3, further comprising a first quick connector adapted to the first connector and a second quick connector adapted to the second connector; one end of the first quick connector is directly or indirectly welded or in interference connection or insertion connection with a first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and the other end of the first quick connector is connected with the first connector; one end of the second quick connector is directly or indirectly welded or in interference connection or insertion connection with the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit, and the other end of the second quick connector is connected with the second connector.
5. The multiplexer of claim 3, wherein the impedance matcher of the first connector extends into the metal housing and is directly abutted or plugged into the first input/output port of the first conditioning circuit, and wherein the impedance matcher of the second connector extends into the metal housing and is directly abutted or plugged into the second input/output port of the second conditioning circuit.
6. The multiplexer of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the impedance matcher is a conductor having an impedance of 50 ohms.
7. The multiplexer of any one of claims 1-4, wherein each impedance matcher has a fixed characteristic impedance, and one or more of the first connectors, or/and second connectors, are replaced when input/output parameters of the multiplexer do not satisfy a predetermined condition.
8. The multiplexer of claim 7, further comprising one or more spare connectors, the spare connectors also having a fixed characteristic impedance, the spare connectors having a characteristic impedance different from a characteristic impedance of the impedance matcher, the spare connectors being used to replace one or more of the first connectors, or/and second connectors, when the input/output parameters of the multiplexer do not meet the predetermined conditions.
9. A communication device comprising a multiplexer according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. The communication device of claim 9, further comprising an antenna, wherein one end of the first connector is electrically connected to an external circuit, and the other end of the first connector is electrically connected to the PCB; one end of the second connector is electrically connected to the antenna, and the other end of the second connector is electrically connected to the PCB.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211372264.0A CN115939703A (en) | 2022-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Multiplexer and communication equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211372264.0A CN115939703A (en) | 2022-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Multiplexer and communication equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115939703A true CN115939703A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211372264.0A Pending CN115939703A (en) | 2022-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Multiplexer and communication equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN115939703A (en) |
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- 2022-11-03 CN CN202211372264.0A patent/CN115939703A/en active Pending
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