CN115939596A - Battery rapid heating system and method and charging station - Google Patents
Battery rapid heating system and method and charging station Download PDFInfo
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- CN115939596A CN115939596A CN202211559757.5A CN202211559757A CN115939596A CN 115939596 A CN115939596 A CN 115939596A CN 202211559757 A CN202211559757 A CN 202211559757A CN 115939596 A CN115939596 A CN 115939596A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid battery heating system, a rapid battery heating method and a charging station, wherein the rapid battery heating system comprises a charging pile, the charging pile charges a vehicle battery through a charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal, and the direct current cable is connected with a control switch, a bidirectional DCDC unit and an energy storage battery which are sequentially connected in series; the battery rapid heating system is provided with a charging mode, an energy storage mode and a heating mode; in the heating mode, the charging switch is switched off, the control switch is switched on, and the bidirectional DCDC is controlled to perform bidirectional charging and discharging operation at low frequency, so that energy exchange is performed between the energy storage battery and the vehicle battery, and the vehicle battery is rapidly heated; the invention has the advantages of high heating speed, uniform heating and small loss on the automobile battery, can also be used as an energy storage battery to supply electric energy to the outside under the condition of electricity limitation or special conditions, has flexible use mode, and greatly improves the charging efficiency and the resource utilization rate of the overcharge pile equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to charging equipment, in particular to a quick battery heating system, a quick battery heating method and a charging station.
Background
Compared with the traditional fuel oil vehicle, the rapid energy supply of the new energy vehicle becomes the most concerned problem for the vehicle purchase of consumers. At present, liquid cooling super charging piles of various power grades are put into the market, the power of the liquid cooling super charging piles is generally more than or equal to 360KW, the endurance mileage of 200KM can be replenished for 5 minutes, and the pile is leveled up and the user experience of a fuel vehicle is realized. However, the battery can also affect the rapid charging condition of the new energy automobile, for example, the battery can generate a lithium separation phenomenon under the low temperature condition, so that the charging and storage capacities of the new energy battery are reduced, and even if the power of the super-charging pile is larger, the battery cannot support rapid replenishment.
When the battery is charged at low temperature, metal lithium is precipitated on the surfaces of battery negative electrode particles, and lithium metal reacts with electrolyte to thicken an SEI film. On the one hand, the SEI film resistance of the battery is increased, and on the other hand, the reduction of available active lithium ions in the negative electrode leads to irreversible capacity fading of the power battery. Therefore, the charging and storage capacity of the lithium battery is reduced, the performance of the battery is seriously affected, and the charging rate of the battery is also affected.
The existing solution mainly adopts PTC equipment to heat the battery for temperature rise, but the existing battery heating mode has the following defects: low heating speed, large loss, uneven heating temperature and the like.
Therefore, how to design a battery heating system with fast heating speed, uniform heating and small loss is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a system and a method for rapidly heating a battery, and a charging station.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the quick battery heating system is designed, and the quick battery heating system comprises a charging pile, wherein the charging pile charges a vehicle battery through a charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal, and the direct current cable is connected with a control switch, a bidirectional DCDC unit and an energy storage battery which are sequentially connected in series; the battery rapid heating system is provided with a charging mode, an energy storage mode and a heating mode; in the charging mode, a charging switch is closed, and a charging pile charges a vehicle battery through the charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal; in the energy storage mode, a charging switch and a control switch are closed, and a charging pile charges an energy storage battery through the charging switch, a direct current cable, the control switch and a bidirectional DCDC unit; in the heating mode, the charging switch is switched off, the control switch is switched on, and the bidirectional DCDC is controlled to perform bidirectional charging and discharging operation at low frequency, so that energy exchange is performed between the energy storage battery and the vehicle battery, and the vehicle battery is rapidly heated.
The bidirectional DCDC unit comprises an energy storage battery side conversion module connected with the energy storage battery and a vehicle battery side conversion module coupled with the vehicle battery, wherein a phase difference exists between the conduction phase of a power switch in the energy storage battery side conversion module and the conduction phase of the power switch in the vehicle battery side conversion module, and the charging current from the energy storage battery to the vehicle battery can be increased by increasing the phase difference.
Fill electric pile including the first switch S1 that charges that establishes ties in proper order, first direct current cable, first charging terminal 1 to and the second that establishes ties in proper order charge switch S2, second direct current cable, second charging terminal 2, first direct current cable with be equipped with first control switch S3 between the two-way DCDC, the second direct current cable with be equipped with second control switch S4 between the two-way DCDC.
The battery rapid heating system further comprises a feeding mode, wherein in the feeding mode, the charging switch is disconnected, the control switch is closed, and the energy storage battery charges the vehicle battery through the bidirectional DCDC unit; the energy storage battery is a battery guarantee vehicle.
The invention also designs a control method of the rapid battery heating system, the system adopts the rapid battery heating system, the control method comprises the steps of collecting the temperature of a battery of the vehicle after the heating system is connected with the vehicle, and determining whether to enter the heating mode according to the temperature of the battery of the vehicle.
Comparing the vehicle battery temperature to a lower limit temperature and an upper limit temperature; entering a heating mode when the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature; when the vehicle battery temperature is higher than the upper limit temperature, the charging mode is entered.
In one embodiment, the control method comprises the steps of:
step 2, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature, if so, turning to step 3, otherwise, turning to step 8;
step 7, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is greater than the upper limit temperature, if so, turning to step 8, otherwise, turning to step 3;
and 8, entering a charging mode.
In the heating mode, the negative reference potential of the vehicle battery is collected, the negative reference potential is compared with a threshold potential, the phase difference is increased when the negative reference potential is lower than the threshold potential, and the phase difference is not adjusted when the negative reference potential is higher than the threshold potential.
In another embodiment, the control method comprises the steps of:
step 2, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature, if so, turning to step 3, otherwise, turning to step 8;
step 4, collecting a negative reference potential of the vehicle battery;
step 5, comparing the negative reference potential with a threshold potential, turning to step 6 when the negative reference potential is lower than the threshold potential, and turning to step 7 when the negative reference potential is higher than the threshold potential;
step 6, increasing the phase difference (delaying for n seconds);
step 7, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is greater than the upper limit temperature, if so, turning to step 8, otherwise, turning to step 3;
and 8, entering a charging mode.
The invention also designs a charging station which comprises a charging pile, wherein the charging pile comprises the rapid battery heating system, and the system adopts the control method of the rapid battery heating system.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has the advantages of high heating speed, uniform heating and small loss on the automobile battery, can also be used as an energy storage battery to supply electric energy to the outside under the condition of electricity limitation or special conditions, has flexible use mode, and greatly improves the charging efficiency and the resource utilization rate of the overcharging pile equipment.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, in which:
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a preferred embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of energy flow in a heating mode;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of energy flow in a charging mode;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bi-directional DCDC hardware topology;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage battery side drive leading an on-board battery side drive;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage battery side drive lagging the on-board battery side drive;
FIG. 7 is a heating mode control flow diagram;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a heating mode lithium extraction detection control flow.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention.
The invention provides a quick battery heating system, which is characterized in that a common bidirectional DCDC Power module and an energy storage battery are added on the basis of the existing liquid-cooled charging pile infrastructure, the battery temperature is sampled in real time through a Power Management Unit (PMU), the reference potential of the negative electrode of a lithium battery is identified, the battery temperature does not meet the overcharge standard, the battery is subjected to pulse heating, the battery temperature is quickly raised, the battery is separated from the whole vehicle battery for charging after meeting the overcharge and charging requirements, the battery can be used as a public resource for standby and standby, and the next vehicle is waited to be charged as a heating battery; the device also serves as an energy storage system, and the energy storage battery is used for supplying energy to the terminal device under the condition of limited electricity or special conditions.
The invention discloses a rapid battery heating system, which is shown in a schematic block diagram of a preferred embodiment shown in figure 1 and comprises a charging pile, wherein the charging pile charges a vehicle battery through a charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal, and the direct current cable is connected with a control switch, a bidirectional DCDC unit and an energy storage battery which are sequentially connected in series; the battery rapid heating system is provided with a charging mode, an energy storage mode and a heating mode; referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of energy flow in a charging mode is shown, in which a charging switch is closed, and a charging pile charges a vehicle battery through the charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal; in the energy storage mode, a charging switch and a control switch are closed, and a charging pile charges an energy storage battery through the charging switch, a direct current cable, the control switch and a bidirectional DCDC unit; referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of energy flow in a heating mode is shown, in which a charging switch is opened, a control switch is closed, and a bidirectional DCDC is controlled to perform bidirectional charging and discharging operations at a low frequency, so that energy exchange between an energy storage battery and a vehicle battery is performed to rapidly heat the vehicle battery.
The principle of the invention for rapidly heating the vehicle battery is to complete energy exchange between the energy storage battery and the vehicle battery through the bidirectional DCDC, and utilize ESR and pulse large current of the battery to generate power consumption so as to rapidly and uniformly heat the battery. PTC equipment is not needed, and the heating device has the advantages of high heating speed, uniform heating and small loss.
In a preferred embodiment, the charging pile adopts a 360kw liquid cooling super charging pile.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a bidirectional DCDC hardware topology of a preferred embodiment is shown, where the bidirectional DCDC unit includes an energy storage battery side conversion module connected to the energy storage battery, and a vehicle battery side conversion module coupled to the vehicle battery, and there is a phase difference between a conduction phase of a power switch in the energy storage battery side conversion module and a conduction phase of a power switch in the vehicle battery side conversion module, and increasing the phase difference may increase a charging current from the energy storage battery to the vehicle battery. The energy interchange between the energy storage battery and the vehicle battery is divided into a charging stage and a discharging stage, and the two stages are frequently alternated. In the charging stage, the energy storage battery side drive is ahead of the vehicle-mounted battery side drive (as shown in fig. 5), and the energy of the bidirectional DCDC flows from the energy storage battery side to the vehicle-mounted battery side to charge the vehicle battery with large current; in the discharging phase, the driving phase angle of the energy storage battery side lags behind the driving phase angle of the vehicle-mounted battery side (as shown in fig. 6), and the energy of the bidirectional DCDC flows from the vehicle-mounted battery side to the energy storage battery side, so that the vehicle-mounted battery is discharged with large current.
In a preferred embodiment, the charging pile includes a first charging switch S1, a first dc cable, and a first charging terminal 1, which are sequentially connected in series, and a second charging switch S2, a second dc cable, and a second charging terminal 2, which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a first control switch S3 is disposed between the first dc cable and the bidirectional DCDC, and a second control switch S4 is disposed between the second dc cable and the bidirectional DCDC. In the preferred embodiment, the first and second charging terminals 1 and 2 are charging guns, which is a common one-pile double gun in this embodiment. Because the electric quick pulse heating speed is high, the time for putting a single terminal into the electric quick pulse heating device is extremely short, and when a certain vehicle battery is heated, only the corresponding control switch is switched on. Therefore, the bidirectional DCDC can serve N terminals as a public resource, the vehicle energy supply time is greatly shortened, the utilization rate of the super-charging terminal is improved, and the pain of queuing and charging of terminal users is also solved.
In a preferred embodiment, the battery rapid heating system further comprises a feeding mode, in which the charging switch is opened, the control switch is closed, and the energy storage battery charges the vehicle battery through the bidirectional DCDC unit; the energy storage battery is a battery guarantee vehicle. Under extreme conditions, for example, the alternating current power grid is powered off due to a fault, a battery guarantee vehicle can be started to replace the energy storage battery, the feeding mode is entered, the battery guarantee vehicle is used for providing charging service for the vehicle, and therefore the power supply guarantee degree of the charging station can be improved extremely.
The invention also designs a control method of the rapid battery heating system, the system adopts the rapid battery heating system, the control method comprises the steps of collecting the temperature of a battery of the vehicle after the heating system is connected with the vehicle, and determining whether to enter the heating mode according to the temperature of the battery of the vehicle.
In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle battery temperature is collected and compared to a lower limit temperature and an upper limit temperature. The lower and upper limit temperatures are preset parameters. Entering a heating mode when the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature; when the vehicle battery temperature is higher than the upper limit temperature, the charging mode is entered.
In one embodiment, both the upper and lower temperature limits are equal to the threshold temperature. Entering a heating mode when it is detected that the vehicle battery temperature is below a threshold temperature; when the vehicle battery temperature rises to a threshold temperature, the heating mode is terminated and the charging mode is entered. When it is detected that the vehicle battery temperature is greater than the threshold temperature, the charging mode is entered directly.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper temperature is equal to or greater than the lower temperature.
Referring to the heating mode control flow diagram shown in fig. 7, the control method includes the steps of:
step 2, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature, if so, turning to the step 3 (heating), otherwise, turning to the step 8 (directly charging without heating);
step 7, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is higher than the upper limit temperature, if so, turning to a step 8 (the temperature is enough, the charging can be performed), otherwise, turning to a step 3 (the temperature is not enough, and the heating is continued);
and 8, entering a charging mode.
In the heating mode, a negative reference potential of the vehicle battery is collected, the negative reference potential is compared with a threshold potential, the phase difference is increased when the negative reference potential is lower than the threshold potential, and the phase difference is not adjusted when the negative reference potential is higher than the threshold potential. The threshold potential is a parameter stored in advance, and when the reference potential of the negative electrode is less than the threshold potential, the battery is considered to be subjected to lithium separation; and when the reference potential of the negative electrode is greater than the threshold potential, the battery is not considered to have the lithium precipitation phenomenon. In a preferred embodiment, the threshold potential is set to 0V. When the reference potential of the negative electrode is less than the threshold potential, the heating parameters of the electric pulse heating mode need to be adjusted, and the phase angles of the energy storage battery side and the vehicle battery side in fig. 5 can be increased to avoid the lithium precipitation phenomenon and prolong the service life of the battery. When the negative reference potential is greater than the threshold potential, the heating parameters of the electric pulse mode are not required to be adjusted, and the pulse heating parameters are ensured not to cause great influence on the service life of the battery. By the operation, the phenomenon of lithium precipitation of the battery can be avoided, and the safety and the service life of the battery are further ensured.
Referring to the schematic flow chart of the control flow of the lithium desorption detection in the heating mode shown in fig. 8, the control method comprises the following steps:
step 2, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature, if so, turning to the step 3 (heating), otherwise, turning to the step 8 (directly charging without heating);
step 4, collecting a negative reference potential of the vehicle battery;
step 5, comparing the reference potential of the negative electrode with a threshold potential, turning to step 6 when the reference potential is lower than the threshold potential (lithium separation phenomenon exists, temperature rise needs to be carried out by increasing charging current), and turning to step 7 when the reference potential is higher than the threshold potential (lithium separation phenomenon does not exist, normal temperature rise);
step 6, increasing the phase difference (delaying for n seconds);
step 7, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is higher than the upper limit temperature, if so, turning to a step 8 (the temperature is enough, the vehicle can be charged), otherwise, turning to a step 3 (the temperature is not enough, and the vehicle continues to be heated);
and 8, entering a charging mode.
The invention also discloses a charging station which comprises a charging pile, wherein the charging pile comprises the battery rapid heating system, and the system adopts the control method of the battery rapid heating system.
In a preferred embodiment, the low frequency has a frequency range of 1Hz to 900Hz. In a preferred embodiment, the charging switch and the control switch are contactors.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. Any equivalent modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A quick battery heating system comprises a charging pile, and is characterized in that the charging pile charges a vehicle battery through a charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal, wherein the direct current cable is connected with a control switch, a bidirectional DCDC unit and an energy storage battery which are sequentially connected in series; the battery rapid heating system is provided with a charging mode, an energy storage mode and a heating mode;
in the charging mode, a charging switch is closed, and a charging pile charges a vehicle battery through the charging switch, a direct current cable and a charging terminal;
in the energy storage mode, a charging switch and a control switch are closed, and a charging pile charges an energy storage battery through the charging switch, a direct current cable, the control switch and a bidirectional DCDC unit;
in the heating mode, the charging switch is switched off, the control switch is switched on, and the bidirectional DCDC is controlled to perform bidirectional charging and discharging operation at low frequency, so that energy exchange is performed between the energy storage battery and the vehicle battery, and the vehicle battery is rapidly heated.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bidirectional DCDC unit comprises an energy storage battery side conversion module connected to the energy storage battery, and a vehicle battery side conversion module coupled to the vehicle battery, and a phase difference exists between a conducting phase of a power switch in the energy storage battery side conversion module and a conducting phase of a power switch in the vehicle battery side conversion module, and the charging current from the energy storage battery to the vehicle battery can be increased by increasing the phase difference.
3. The system for rapidly heating the battery according to claim 1, wherein the charging pile comprises a first charging switch S1, a first dc cable, a first charging terminal 1, and a second charging switch S2, a second dc cable, a second charging terminal 2, which are connected in series in sequence, a first control switch S3 is arranged between the first dc cable and the bidirectional DCDC, and a second control switch S4 is arranged between the second dc cable and the bidirectional DCDC.
4. The battery rapid-heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a feeding mode in which the charging switch is opened, the control switch is closed, and the energy storage battery charges the vehicle battery through the bidirectional DCDC unit; the energy storage battery is a battery guarantee vehicle.
5. A control method of a rapid battery heating system is characterized in that the rapid battery heating system is adopted, the control method comprises the steps of collecting the temperature of a battery of a vehicle after the heating system is connected with the vehicle, and determining whether to enter a heating mode according to the temperature of the battery of the vehicle.
6. The control method of a rapid battery heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that the vehicle battery temperature is compared with a lower limit temperature and an upper limit temperature; entering a heating mode when the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature; when the vehicle battery temperature is higher than the upper limit temperature, the charging mode is entered.
7. A control method of a rapid battery heating system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1, collecting the temperature of a vehicle battery;
step 2, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature, if so, turning to step 3, otherwise, turning to step 8;
step 3, entering a heating mode, and turning to step 7;
step 7, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is greater than the upper limit temperature, if so, turning to step 8, otherwise, turning to step 3;
and 8, entering a charging mode.
8. The control method of a rapid battery heating system according to claim 7, wherein in the heating mode, a negative reference potential of the vehicle battery is collected, the negative reference potential is compared with a threshold potential, a phase difference is increased below the threshold potential, and a phase difference is not adjusted above the threshold potential.
9. The control method of a rapid heating system for a battery according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
step 1, collecting the temperature of a vehicle battery;
step 2, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is lower than the lower limit temperature, if so, turning to step 3, otherwise, turning to step 8;
step 3, calling a default phase difference, and entering a heating mode according to the default phase difference;
step 4, collecting a negative reference potential of the vehicle battery;
step 5, comparing the negative reference potential with a threshold potential, and switching to step 6 when the negative reference potential is lower than the threshold potential and switching to step 7 when the negative reference potential is higher than the threshold potential;
step 6, increasing the phase difference;
step 7, judging whether the temperature of the vehicle battery is greater than the upper limit temperature, if so, turning to step 8, otherwise, turning to step 3;
and 8, entering a charging mode.
10. A charging station comprising a charging post, wherein the charging post comprises the rapid battery heating system of any one of claims 1 to 4, and the system adopts the control method of the rapid battery heating system of any one of claims 5 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211559757.5A CN115939596A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Battery rapid heating system and method and charging station |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211559757.5A CN115939596A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Battery rapid heating system and method and charging station |
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| CN202211559757.5A Pending CN115939596A (en) | 2022-12-06 | 2022-12-06 | Battery rapid heating system and method and charging station |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117644798A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-05 | 南京能可瑞科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging control method and system for double-gun V2G charging pile |
| CN117644798B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-05-14 | 南京能可瑞科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging control method and system for double-gun V2G charging pile |
-
2022
- 2022-12-06 CN CN202211559757.5A patent/CN115939596A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117644798A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-05 | 南京能可瑞科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging control method and system for double-gun V2G charging pile |
| CN117644798B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-05-14 | 南京能可瑞科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging control method and system for double-gun V2G charging pile |
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