CN115935733A - Simulation prediction method for impact noise of liquid resistance suspension decoupling film-runner plate - Google Patents
Simulation prediction method for impact noise of liquid resistance suspension decoupling film-runner plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115935733A CN115935733A CN202211473878.8A CN202211473878A CN115935733A CN 115935733 A CN115935733 A CN 115935733A CN 202211473878 A CN202211473878 A CN 202211473878A CN 115935733 A CN115935733 A CN 115935733A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation prediction method for impact noise of a liquid resistance suspension decoupling film, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a target liquid resistance suspension three-dimensional structure model; establishing a decoupling film-runner plate dynamic simulation model, performing dynamic simulation, simulating the collision process of the decoupling film and the runner plate, and calculating the vibration response of the runner plate; establishing a decoupling membrane-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model based on a dynamic simulation model; according to the vibration response, performing collision impact noise source processing and radiation noise calculation on the flow channel plate to obtain a noise frequency spectrum simulation result; and predicting the degree of the impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension and whether the abnormal sound problem exists according to the noise analysis result. The method predicts whether the abnormal sound problem exists in the liquid resistance suspension based on the acoustic simulation, effectively reduces the experiment times, and provides a reference basis for the design of the liquid resistance suspension structure; the simplified decoupling film-runner plate model is used, the calculation time is greatly shortened on the premise of ensuring the simulation accuracy, and the structure is convenient to optimize through batch simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of analysis of automobile power assembly liquid resistance suspension noise, in particular to a simulation prediction method of liquid resistance suspension decoupling film-runner plate impact noise.
Background
As a vibration reduction component of an engine, the liquid resistance suspension has ideal dynamic characteristics, and an inertia channel-decoupling membrane structure is adopted in the liquid resistance suspension, so that the liquid resistance suspension has large damping characteristics at low frequency and small rigidity characteristics at high frequency. However, the complicated structure also brings noise problems to the liquid resistance suspension, the liquid resistance suspension noise is divided into impact noise and cavitation noise, the cavitation noise is generated because liquid in the liquid resistance suspension is vaporized at low pressure and is exploded under pressure at high pressure to generate shock waves, and in order to avoid cavitation noise, the known effective method comprises the steps of adding a pressure release valve and arranging a bypass channel. The impact noise is generated when the decoupling film floats up and down to impact the runner plate during suspension work, the noise is obvious under the working condition of low frequency and large amplitude, and the actual vehicle shows that when the vehicle passes through a bad road surface at low speed, the driver cab experiences obvious abnormal sound. The structure of the liquid resistance suspension determines that the liquid resistance suspension inevitably generates an impact process when in work, and the research on the generation mechanism of impact noise and the prediction method have important significance for solving the abnormal sound problem.
The noise generated by collision impact of the decoupling film and the runner plate can be divided into 2 stages: acceleration noise and self-ringing noise, wherein the acceleration noise refers to the fact that the surface of an object generates large vibration acceleration due to the instant impact force of collision, and the surrounding medium generates noise due to pressure fluctuation; the self-ringing noise corresponds to a free damping vibration stage, the acceleration of the surface of the object is gradually damped, and the noise radiation is also gradually reduced.
When the problem of the abnormal sound of the liquid resistance suspension is researched through experiments, the test method comprises the following steps: 1) Directly measuring a sound pressure signal by using a microphone, and evaluating the noise degree by using a sound pressure level peak value; 2) And measuring a support reaction force signal of the fixed end of the liquid resistance suspension by using a force sensor, removing an exciting force applied to the liquid resistance suspension by high-pass filtering to obtain a force signal generated by collision impact of the decoupling membrane and the runner plate, and taking a peak value of the signal as a noise evaluation standard. The experimental method needs a liquid resistance suspension part real object, cannot estimate the noise condition of the liquid resistance suspension at the initial design stage, is inconvenient for optimizing the part structure, but can be used for verifying the accuracy of the simulation method through experimental tests.
In the prior art, a simulation prediction method for hydraulic resistance suspension abnormal sound comprises the following steps: 1) Fluid-solid coupling finite element simulation is carried out on the liquid resistance suspension, the change condition of the flapping force of the decoupling membrane along with time is solved, and the peak value of the flapping force is used as an abnormal sound judgment basis; 2) And (3) a relation curve between the contact force of the decoupling film and the runner plate and the equivalent displacement is solved in a simulation mode, the maximum contact stiffness is used for evaluating the impact noise condition of the decoupling film, if the maximum contact stiffness exceeds 300N/mm, the abnormal sound problem is judged to exist, the standard is not suitable for liquid resistance suspensions of different structures, and the abnormal sound problem is not analyzed from the acoustic angle in the method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a simulation prediction method for impact noise of a liquid resistance suspension decoupling film.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the simulation prediction method for the impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1, acquiring a target liquid resistance suspension three-dimensional structure model;
2, extracting a decoupling film-runner plate assembly model from the target liquid resistance suspension three-dimensional structure model, drawing a grid for the assembly model, giving material properties, adding constraint conditions and loads, establishing a dynamic simulation model, and performing transient finite element simulation;
calculating collision impact response of the decoupling film and the flow channel plate to obtain vibration acceleration information of the surface of the flow channel plate;
defining acoustic boundary conditions and a sound source surface according to the dynamic simulation model, setting acoustic field points to be analyzed, and establishing a decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model;
5, loading vibration acceleration information serving as a sound source into the decoupling film-runner plate acoustic boundary element simulation model, and calculating the sound pressure level distribution condition of external field points in the decoupling film-runner plate model;
and 6, performing acoustic boundary element analysis, obtaining a curve of the sound pressure level of an acoustic field point along with the frequency change, taking the maximum value of the sound pressure level as an abnormal sound degree evaluation standard, comparing the evaluation standard with an abnormal sound threshold value, and predicting whether the abnormal sound problem exists in the liquid resistance suspension.
Further, in step o 2, in the dynamic simulation model, the flow channel plate is fixed, and the pressure applied to the surface of the decoupling membrane is used as the model input.
Further, in the step (2), when the floating type decoupling film liquid resistance suspension is adopted, the initial position of the decoupling film in the dynamic simulation model is in the middle position of the runner liquid chamber, when the semi-floating type decoupling film liquid resistance suspension is adopted, the total thickness of the decoupling film is larger than the height of the runner air chamber, and the assembled decoupling film is in a compressed state.
Further, step (2) comprises the following substeps:
extracting a decoupling film-runner plate assembly model;
importing the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model into finite element pretreatment software for grid division;
importing the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model subjected to meshing into finite element analysis software, respectively setting material attributes of the decoupling film and the runner plate, applying model constraint conditions and loads, fixing the lower surface of the runner plate, applying pressure to the surface of the decoupling film, and carrying out simulation analysis on the surface vibration acceleration conditions of the decoupling film and the runner plate at the moment of plate collision of the decoupling film and the runner plate.
Further, the finite element preprocessing software adopts HyperMesh software, and the finite element analysis software adopts Abaqus.
Further, in the step (3), calculating the time domain response of the vibration acceleration of the surface of the runner plate as the excitation of the acoustic simulation.
Further, in the decoupling film-runner plate acoustic boundary element simulation model in the step (4), the surface of the runner plate is selected as a sound source surface.
Further, after the vibration acceleration information in the step (5) is subjected to Fourier transform and converted into a frequency domain signal, the frequency domain signal is used as an acoustic simulation excitation input.
Further, in the step (5), the sound pressure of the acoustic field point is calculated according to the formula
p＝{A TV (ω)} T {a n (ω)}
In the formula, p is the sound pressure of an acoustic field point; a. The TV Acoustic transmission vectors for the structural surface nodes to the acoustic field points; a is n The acceleration is the normal vibration acceleration of the surface of the structure; ω is angular velocity and T is transpose.
Further, after the step (6), the method also comprises a step (7): and (4) if the abnormal sound problem exists, optimizing the decoupling film-runner plate structure, and repeating the steps (1) to (6) until the sound pressure signal meets the requirement, wherein the three parameters of the thickness of the decoupling film, the height of the noise reduction rib and the gap between the decoupling film and the runner plate are optimized.
The abnormal sound threshold value in the step (6) is as follows: the liquid resistance suspension device is obtained by carrying out simulation analysis and experimental test summary on different types of liquid resistance suspensions and decoupling film-runner plates with different structures, the abnormal sound threshold value is between the maximum simulation sound pressure without the abnormal sound problem and the minimum simulation sound pressure with the abnormal sound problem, the range can be continuously reduced through the increase of data, and the value is more accurate.
The structure in the step (7) is optimized: the optimized object is generally a decoupling film structure, the commonly used noise reduction method comprises the steps of increasing noise reduction ribs and using a semi-floating decoupling film structure, three design parameters of the decoupling film are generally considered in structural optimization, the three design parameters comprise the thickness of the decoupling film, the height of the noise reduction ribs and the gap between the decoupling film and a runner plate, and the optimal values of the parameters can be respectively analyzed from the three aspects, so that a better noise reduction effect is obtained; the smaller the gap between the decoupling film and the flow passage plate is, the smaller the noise is, but the increase of the liquid resistance suspension rigidity caused by the reduction of the gap is considered; decoupling film thickness and noise reduction rib height are typically designed to be less noisy within certain ranges.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the method, the impact noise problem of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling membrane is analyzed according to the collision acoustics theory, whether abnormal sound exists in the liquid resistance suspension can be predicted through a simulation method, the experiment times are effectively reduced, and a reference basis is provided for the design of the liquid resistance suspension structure;
2) The liquid resistance suspension structure is complex, but the collision components are the decoupling film and the runner plate, so that the invention can analyze only the decoupling film-runner plate model, can greatly shorten the calculation time on the premise of accurately predicting the collision noise of the liquid resistance suspension, and is convenient for optimizing the structure through batch simulation;
3) The invention can carry out prediction analysis on different types of liquid resistance suspensions, is simultaneously suitable for the condition that the decoupling film is of a floating type structure and a semi-floating type structure, and the proposed abnormal sound threshold value can be used as a unified standard of different liquid resistance suspensions.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:
fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a simulation prediction method for impact noise of a fluid resistance suspension decoupling film-flow channel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a finite element model diagram of a decoupling membrane-flow channel plate in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a cloud diagram of acoustic simulated external field sound pressure levels in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a simulated sound pressure spectrum diagram of the liquid resistance suspension (1) in the embodiment of the invention when different decoupling film structures are used.
Fig. 5 is a simulated sound pressure spectrum diagram of the liquid resistance suspension (2) in the embodiment of the invention when different decoupling film structures are used.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining a three-dimensional structure model of a target liquid resistance suspension.
And 2, extracting a decoupling film-runner plate assembly model from the three-dimensional structure model of the target liquid resistance suspension, drawing a grid for the assembly model, endowing material properties, adding constraint conditions and loads, establishing a dynamic simulation model, and performing transient finite element simulation.
In some embodiments of the invention, the liquid resistance suspension is provided with an upper flow passage plate and a lower flow passage plate, the lower flow passage plate and the liquid resistance suspension base are designed into a whole, and only the part of the flow passage plate, which is possibly contacted with the decoupling film, is taken down for simplifying the model. Importing the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model into Hypermesh software, setting the decoupling film as hexahedral meshes, setting the runner plate as tetrahedral meshes, setting the mesh size as 1mm (in other embodiments, the mesh size can be set as other values), and carrying out mesh division on the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model.
Importing the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model subjected to meshing into finite element analysis software, respectively setting material attributes of the decoupling film and the runner plate, applying model constraint conditions and loads, fixing the lower surface of the runner plate, applying pressure to the surface of the decoupling film, colliding the decoupling film and the runner plate under excitation due to a certain gap initially existing between the decoupling film and the runner plate, and carrying out simulation analysis on the surface vibration acceleration conditions of the decoupling film and the runner plate at the moment of collision.
In some of the embodiments of the inventionThe runner plate material is defined as metallic aluminum with a density of 2700kg/m 3 Young modulus is 72500MPa, poisson's ratio is 0.33; the decoupling film material is rubber, and the density is 1100kg/m 3 Using the Mooney-Rivlin superelastic constitutive model, the parameters were: c 10 ＝0.2897MPa，C 01 =0.0599MPa. And simulating the collision process of the decoupling film and the flow channel plate, constraining the freedom degrees of the lower surface of the flow channel plate in 6 directions, applying pressure on the surface of the decoupling film as excitation, and performing transient finite element simulation. The above specific numerical value is only a specific example, and in other embodiments, other numerical values may be set.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the finite element analysis software used is Abaqus.
In some embodiments of the invention, a pressure of 0.1MPa is applied as the pressure to the upper surface of the decoupling membrane, although it will be appreciated that the amount of applied pressure may be set to other values in other embodiments.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the simulation duration is set to 10ms in this step, but it is understood that the simulation duration may be set to other values in other embodiments.
In some of the embodiments of the invention, the dynamic simulation model: for the floating type decoupling membrane liquid resistance suspension, the initial position of a decoupling membrane is in the middle of a flow passage liquid chamber; for the semi-floating type decoupling film liquid resistance suspension, the total thickness of the decoupling film is larger than the height of the runner air chamber, the assembled decoupling film is in a compressed state, and pre-compression simulation treatment needs to be carried out on the decoupling film after a decoupling film-runner plate model is obtained.
And step 3, submitting an analysis task in finite element analysis software, calculating collision impact response of the decoupling film and the flow channel plate, and obtaining vibration acceleration information of the surface of the flow channel plate.
And 4, defining an acoustic boundary condition and a sound source surface according to the dynamic simulation model, setting an acoustic field point to be analyzed, and establishing a decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model.
In some embodiments of the invention, the finite element analysis result file obtained in the step 3 is imported into an LMS virtual. Lab, according to the dynamic simulation model, the outer surface of the flow channel plate is set as a sound source surface, the propagation medium is defined as air, a point 1m away from the center of the dynamic simulation model on the Y axis is selected as an acoustic field point, and the decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model is established.
And 5, loading the vibration acceleration information serving as a sound source into the decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model, and calculating the sound pressure level distribution condition of external field points in the decoupling film-flow channel plate model.
In some embodiments of the invention, a vibration acceleration time domain signal obtained by dynamic simulation is subjected to Fourier transform and is loaded into a decoupling membrane-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model as an excitation source, the solved frequency range is set to be 40Hz to 2000Hz, the interval is 40Hz, and the sound pressure level distribution condition of an external field is simulated and analyzed.
Wherein, according to the formula p = { A = TV (ω)} T {a n (ω) } calculating the sound pressure of the acoustic field point, where: p is the sound pressure of the acoustic field point; a. The TV The acoustic Transfer Vector (Acousic Transfer Vector) is an acoustic Transfer Vector of a structure surface node to an acoustic field point, can be determined by the structural shape of a sound source, the field point position, the attribute and the analysis frequency of an acoustic Transfer medium and the like, and is the inherent attribute of the system; a is n The acceleration is the normal vibration acceleration of the surface of the structure; the superscript T is transposed, omega is angular velocity, which means that the formula is solved in the frequency domain, and the acceleration signal obtained by the dynamics simulation is a time domain signal, so that Fourier transformation is carried out before input to convert the acceleration signal into a frequency domain signal.
And 6, simulating to obtain a field point sound pressure level variation curve along with frequency, taking the maximum value of the sound pressure level, namely the sound pressure level peak value, as an abnormal sound degree evaluation standard, and comparing the abnormal sound degree evaluation standard with an abnormal sound threshold value to predict the impact noise condition of the liquid resistance suspension.
The abnormal noise threshold is determined by simulation and experiment of decoupling film-runner plates with various structures. In some embodiments of the present invention, the abnormal noise threshold is determined as 57dB, and if the sound pressure level peak obtained through simulation exceeds the abnormal noise threshold, it is determined that the hydraulic resistance suspension has the abnormal noise problem, otherwise, it is determined that the hydraulic resistance suspension noise is within an acceptable range. In other embodiments, the abnormal noise threshold may also take a numerical value.
According to the simulation prediction method for the impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the abnormal sound degree of the liquid resistance suspension can be determined through simulation analysis, and the method uses a simplified decoupling film-runner plate model, is suitable for batch simulation of different structures, and realizes optimization of the decoupling film-runner plate structure. And the method can carry out prediction analysis on different types of liquid resistance suspensions, and is simultaneously suitable for the condition that the decoupling membrane is of a floating type structure and a semi-floating type structure.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A simulation prediction method for impact noise of a liquid resistance suspension decoupling film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring a target liquid resistance suspension three-dimensional structure model;
(2) extracting a decoupling film-runner plate assembly model from the target liquid resistance suspension three-dimensional structure model, drawing a grid on the assembly model, endowing material properties, adding constraint conditions and loads, establishing a dynamic simulation model, and performing transient finite element simulation;
(3) calculating the collision impact response of the decoupling film and the runner plate, and acquiring the vibration acceleration information of the surface of the runner plate;
(4) defining an acoustic boundary condition and a sound source surface according to the dynamic simulation model, setting an acoustic field point to be analyzed, and establishing a decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model;
(5) loading vibration acceleration information serving as a sound source into the decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model, and calculating the sound pressure level distribution condition of external field points in the decoupling film-flow channel plate model;
(6) and performing acoustic boundary element analysis, acquiring a curve of the sound pressure level of an acoustic field point along with the frequency change, taking the maximum value of the sound pressure level as an abnormal sound degree evaluation standard, comparing the evaluation standard with an abnormal sound threshold value, and predicting whether the abnormal sound problem exists in the liquid resistance suspension.
2. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), in the dynamic simulation model, the runner plate is fixed, and the surface of the decoupling film applies pressure as a model input.
3. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the liquid resistance suspension of the floating decoupling film is adopted, the initial position of the decoupling film in the dynamic simulation model is in the middle position of the runner liquid chamber, when the liquid resistance suspension of the semi-floating decoupling film is adopted, the total thickness of the decoupling film is larger than the height of the runner air chamber, and the assembled decoupling film is in a compressed state.
4. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) comprises the following substeps:
extracting a decoupling film-runner plate assembly model;
importing the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model into finite element pretreatment software for grid division;
importing the decoupling film-runner plate assembly model subjected to meshing into finite element analysis software, respectively setting material attributes of the decoupling film and the runner plate, applying model constraint conditions and loads, fixing the lower surface of the runner plate, applying pressure to the surface of the decoupling film, and carrying out simulation analysis on the surface vibration acceleration conditions of the decoupling film and the runner plate at the moment of plate collision of the decoupling film and the runner plate.
5. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film as claimed in claim 4, wherein the finite element preprocessing software adopts Hypermesh software, and the finite element analysis software adopts Abaqus.
6. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the time domain response of the vibration acceleration of the surface of the flow channel plate is calculated as the excitation of the acoustic simulation.
7. The simulation prediction method for the impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film according to claim 1, wherein the decoupling film-flow channel plate acoustic boundary element simulation model in the step (4) selects the surface of the flow channel plate as a sound source surface.
8. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vibration acceleration information in the step (5) is subjected to Fourier transform and converted into a frequency domain signal, and then the frequency domain signal is used as an acoustic simulation excitation input.
9. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the sound pressure calculation formula of the acoustic field point is
p＝{A TV (ω)} T {a n (ω)}
In the formula, p is the sound pressure of an acoustic field point; a. The TV Acoustic transmission vectors of the structure surface nodes to the acoustic field points; a is n The acceleration is the normal vibration acceleration of the surface of the structure; ω is angular velocity and T is transpose.
10. The simulation prediction method for impact noise of the liquid resistance suspension decoupling film according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized by further comprising the step (7) after the step (6): and (4) if the abnormal sound problem exists, optimizing the decoupling film-runner plate structure, and repeating the steps (1) to (6) until the sound pressure signal meets the requirement, wherein the three parameters of the thickness of the decoupling film, the height of the noise reduction rib and the gap between the decoupling film and the runner plate are optimized.
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