CN115935645B - Wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation method and system based on anemometer tower data - Google Patents
Wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation method and system based on anemometer tower data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of wind power frequency modulation, and in particular relates to a wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method and system based on wind tower data, comprising the following steps: acquiring wind tower data; coordinate transformation is carried out on the acquired anemometer tower data, and shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant are calculated; based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area; calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed; and calculating and evaluating the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine generator. According to the wind power generation system frequency modulation method, the wind tower data and the theoretical output curve of the wind power generator set are combined, wake effects and unit start-stop factors are considered, so that accurate assessment of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant is achieved, and powerful support is provided for wind power participation system frequency modulation.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of wind power frequency modulation, and particularly relates to a wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method and system based on wind tower data.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Because the wind turbine generator is connected with the grid through the power electronic equipment, the rotor rotating speed and the system frequency of the wind turbine generator have no coupling relation, the system frequency change cannot be hindered through spontaneous release or storage of rotor kinetic energy like a traditional synchronous machine, and the equivalent inertia of the system is reduced; the wind turbine generator is operated in a maximum power tracking mode, frequency modulation standby is not available, and the standby capacity of the system is reduced, so that the large-scale grid connection of the wind turbine generator can lead to the reduction of the frequency modulation capacity of the power grid. And the inherent randomness, volatility and other characteristics of wind power generation enable the frequency modulation capability of the power grid to change at any time. The time-varying frequency modulation capability presents great difficulties in frequency modulation: the frequency modulation power command is larger than the current frequency modulation capability, so that overload operation of the wind turbine generator can be caused, and safety and stability of a wind power plant are affected; the dispatching frequency modulation power instruction is smaller than the current frequency modulation capability, so that the frequency modulation capability of the wind turbine generator is wasted, and the economic benefit of a wind power plant is affected. The frequency modulation capability assessment of the wind turbine generator system at present becomes a hot spot for research of all parties.
The theoretical reserve capacity of the wind power plant is evaluated, so that the frequency modulation capacity of a single machine can be fully excavated, the frequency modulation tasks among all units of the wind power plant can be reasonably distributed, and the method has important significance for stabilizing the frequency of a power grid. The theoretical reserve capacity adjustment of the wind farm refers to the difference between the maximum power which can be sent out by the wind farm and the current actual output on the basis of considering wake effects, start-stop of a unit and other factors under the current operation working condition.
To the best of the inventor's knowledge, the wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment problem can be implemented by a plate sampling method, a power prediction method and a power curve method. The existing plate sampling method evaluates the maximum output of the whole wind power plant through the power generated by the template machine provided by the wind power plant side, the accuracy of the evaluation result is closely related to the selection of the plate sampling machine, and factors such as the geographic position, the topographic distribution, the fan type and the like of the wind power plant have great influence on the selection of the plate sampling machine, so that the plate sampling machine suitable for various scenes is difficult to select; the power prediction method takes a wind power prediction result as the maximum output of the wind power plant, the evaluation result is mainly influenced by prediction precision, the time resolution of the existing power prediction is 15min, and the frequency modulation requirement of the wind power plant at the minute level is difficult to meet; the power curve method is to obtain the maximum output of the wind power plant through the wind speed data of the wind power plant and the power curve of the unit, and the current common power curve method is mainly a cabin wind speed method and a wind tower extrapolation method, because the cabin anemometer is positioned in the downwind direction of the wind wheel, the measured wind speed is smaller than the actual incoming wind speed, and compared with the wind tower, the measurement deviation of the cabin wind speed measuring instrument is larger, and the wind tower wind speed data has higher accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the present disclosure provides a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method and system based on wind tower data, which considers wake effects and unit start-stop factors by combining wind tower data and a wind turbine unit theoretical output curve to achieve accurate assessment of wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity, thereby providing powerful support for wind power participation system frequency modulation.
According to some embodiments, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data comprises the following steps:
Acquiring wind tower data;
Coordinate transformation is carried out on the acquired anemometer tower data, and shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant are calculated;
Based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area;
Calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed;
And calculating and evaluating the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine generator.
As a further technical limitation, before obtaining the wind measuring tower data, a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is established by taking the contact point of the wind measuring tower and the ground as an origin, the position of the hub of each unit is used for representing the coordinates of the unit, and the position of each wind turbine unit in the coordinate system is determined; the acquired anemometer tower data includes wind speed and wind direction of the wind farm.
As further technical limitation, the shielding area between each unit in the wind power plant is the overlapping area of wake flow areas between adjacent units; the larger the overlap area, the more pronounced the wake effect.
As a further technical definition, the wake effect is linear expansion, with a wake radius r (x) =r wt + xtan α at a distance x from the upstream train; wherein r wt is the blade radius of the upstream unit; alpha is a linear expansion angle, tan alpha represents the length of the radius increase of the projection surface of the wind wheel when the wind passes through the wind wheel and then propagates downwards along the direction of the wind wheel shaft, and when the unit receives the natural wind speed, tan alpha=0.04, otherwise tan alpha=0.08.
Further, v 0 represents the natural wind speed of the upstream unit, v 1 represents the back wind speed of the upstream unit, v w (x) represents the wake wind speed at the downstream x affected by the upstream unit, and C T represents the thrust coefficient of the unit, then:
As further technical limitation, any unit i in the wind power plant can be shielded by all units on the upstream of the unit i to different degrees, and the input wind speed v i of the unit i can be influenced by other units; comprehensively considering wake effects of each upstream wind turbine generator in the wind power plant on a downstream wind turbine generator i, and obtaining an average input wind speed v i of the wind turbine generator i as follows:
Wherein, beta k-i represents the ratio of the shielding area S k-i between the kth unit and the ith unit to the pi 2 wt-i of the wind sweeping area of the ith unit; v k-i denotes the wind speed of the kth unit acting on the ith unit when considering the inter-unit wake effect; and n represents the total number of the wind power plant units.
As a further technical definition, the wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity P UR is: p URC＝Pmax-Prel; where P max represents the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm, P rel represents the current actual output of the wind farm,Wherein P e-i is the current output of each unit in the wind power plant.
According to some embodiments, a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a wind farm up-regulation standby capacity assessment system based on anemometer tower data, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment system based on anemometer tower data, comprising:
An acquisition module configured to acquire anemometer tower data;
The calculation module is configured to perform coordinate transformation on the acquired anemometer tower data and calculate shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant; based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area; calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed;
and the evaluation module is configured to calculate and evaluate the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine.
According to some embodiments, a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, which adopts the following technical solutions:
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a program which when executed by a processor performs the steps in a method of wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment based on anemometer tower data according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.
According to some embodiments, a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, which adopts the following technical solutions:
An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps in a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data according to the first aspect of the present disclosure when the program is executed.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:
The wind speed and wind direction data based on the wind measuring tower measurement realizes accurate assessment of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant. In actual operation of the wind power plant, the wind speed and the wind direction are changed frequently, and the frequency modulation capacity of the whole wind power plant is also changed, so that the current up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant can be dynamically estimated in real time by adopting the estimation method of the scheme, and data support is provided for the wind power plant to participate in power grid frequency modulation; the requirement on the historical operation data of the wind power plant is reduced, the calculation and evaluation process is simplified, and the evaluation rapidity is improved; the influence of different wind speeds and directions of the wind farm, wake effects and unit start-stop factors on the theoretical maximum output of the unit in the wind farm is considered, and the accuracy of the up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation of the wind farm is greatly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate and explain the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure, and do not constitute an undue limitation on the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment based on anemometer tower data in a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment in a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment framework in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an established three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system of a wind farm in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a typical Jensen wake model in an embodiment one of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of calculating a shading area between units in a first embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a graph of a typical 1.5MW fan theoretical output curve in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a simulated wind farm layout in a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a graph of theoretical output of each unit with constant wind direction and variable wind speed in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a graph of theoretical output of each unit with constant wind speed and constant wind direction in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a graph of theoretical output of each unit when the wind direction angle is 0 and different units are started and stopped in accordance with the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a graph of theoretical output of each unit when the wind direction angle is 45 and different units are started and stopped in accordance with the first embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 13 is a block diagram of a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation system based on anemometer tower data in the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The disclosure is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
Embodiments of the present disclosure and features of embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The embodiment of the disclosure first introduces a wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation method based on wind tower data.
The wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on wind tower data as shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps:
Acquiring wind tower data;
Coordinate transformation is carried out on the acquired anemometer tower data, and shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant are calculated;
Based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area;
Calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed;
And calculating and evaluating the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine generator.
The embodiment provides a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on wind tower data, as shown in fig. 2, comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian rectangular coordinate system for the whole wind power plant by taking the position of the wind measuring tower as the origin of coordinates, and determining the specific position of each wind turbine generator in the coordinate system;
(2) Extracting wind speed and wind direction data of a wind power plant measured by a wind measuring tower;
(3) Carrying out coordinate transformation on the established Cartesian rectangular coordinate system to ensure that the x-axis direction of the Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is consistent with the wind direction;
(4) Calculating shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant;
(5) According to the wake flow model, the actual input wind speed at each unit hub in the wind power plant is analyzed and calculated by combining the start-stop condition of the units in the wind power plant;
(6) Calculating the theoretical maximum output of each unit according to the theoretical output curve of the wind turbine unit;
(7) Comparing the calculated theoretical maximum output of each unit with the current actual output of each unit, and calculating the up-regulating spare capacity of each unit;
(8) And carrying out statistics accumulation on the up-regulation reserve capacity of each unit in the wind power plant, and calculating the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant.
The method fully considers the influence of different wind speeds and directions, wake effects and unit start-stop factors on the evaluation result, and realizes the real-time accurate evaluation of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant. The method of this embodiment is described in detail below:
1 establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian rectangular coordinate system of a wind power plant
For the convenience of calculation, a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of the wind power plant is firstly established: the method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system by taking the contact point of a anemometer tower and the ground as an origin and the positive south direction as the positive x-axis direction, and representing the position of the fan by the coordinates of the hub of each unit, wherein the coordinates are shown in figures 3 and 4.
2 Wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment
The up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant is influenced by a plurality of factors such as wind speed and direction of wind coming from the wind power plant, wake effect, start-stop of a unit and the like, so that the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant is scientifically and accurately estimated.
The method fully considers the influence of the above factors, and the detailed process is as follows:
Wind turbine generator windward wind speed calculation method of wake effect
The wake effect of a wind turbine is that after wind blows across the wind turbine, a wake zone with reduced wind speed is formed downstream of the wind turbine as part of the wind energy is absorbed by the blades. If the wind turbine generator exists in the wake flow area, the input wind speed of the downstream turbine generator is smaller than the input wind speed of the upstream turbine generator. The wake effect causes uneven wind speed distribution in the wind farm, influences the running condition of each unit, further influences the running condition of the whole wind farm, and causes electric energy loss of the wind farm. To accurately assess the power up-regulation capability of a wind farm, a detailed analysis of the effect of wake effects is required. Currently, the wake effect analysis models which are widely used mainly include a Jensen model, a Larsen model and a Frandsen model. To analyze the effect of wake effects on wind speed, the most commonly used Jensen wake model was selected without loss of generality, see fig. 5.
The Jensen wake model considers that the wake behind the unit is linearly expanding, and at a distance x from the upstream unit, its wake radius r (x) is:
r(x)＝rwt+xtanα (1)
wherein r wt is the blade radius of the upstream unit; alpha is a linear expansion angle, tan alpha represents the length of the radius increase of the projection surface of the wind wheel when the wind passes through the wind wheel and then propagates downwards along the direction of the wind wheel shaft, and when the unit receives the natural wind speed, tan alpha=0.04, otherwise tan alpha=0.08.
V 0 is the natural wind speed of the upstream unit, v 1 is the back wind speed of the upstream unit, v w (x) is the wake wind speed at the downstream x of the upstream unit, and the relationship among the three is as follows:
C T is the thrust coefficient of the unit, which can be obtained according to the unit thrust curve provided by the manufacturer of the fan.
As can be obtained from the formulas (1) to (3), the relationship between v w (x) and v 0 is:
Only when the downstream unit is positioned in the wake zone of the upstream unit, the incoming wind speed of the downstream unit is influenced by the wake effect of the upstream unit, and the larger the overlapping area of the downstream unit and the wake zone of the upstream unit is, the more obvious the wake effect is. Therefore, calculating the shielding area of the wake areas of the downstream unit and the upstream unit is a key step for analyzing the influence of wake effects.
Circle O 1 in fig. 6 is a projection of the wake area of the upstream unit on the yz plane where the downstream unit is located; circle O 2 is the rotor area of the downstream unit; the shaded portion is the area of obstruction between the two. Adopting a formula (5) to uniformly calculate the shielding area S in the two cases of FIG. 6; i.e.
D is the projection length of the connection line of the upstream unit hub and the downstream unit hub on the yz plane, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Where (x i,yi,zi) is the coordinates of the upstream unit i in the wind farm coordinate system and (x j,yj,zj) is the coordinates of the downstream unit j.
Any unit i in the wind power plant can be shielded by all units on the upstream of the unit i to different degrees, and the input wind speed v i of the unit i can be influenced by other units. Comprehensively considering wake effects of each upstream wind turbine generator in the wind power plant on a downstream wind turbine generator i, and obtaining an average input wind speed v i of the wind turbine generator i as follows:
Wherein, beta k-i is the ratio of the shielding area S k-i between the kth unit and the ith unit to the pi r 2 wt-i of the windmilling area of the ith unit; v k-i is the wind speed of the kth unit acting on the ith unit when considering the wake flow effect between units, and can be calculated by the formula (4); and n is the total number of units in the wind farm.
Wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment
Due to the influence of factors such as weather, the output of the wind turbine has randomness and fluctuation, so that the running risk of the power system is increased, and the large-scale grid connection of the wind turbine is required to increase the rotation reserve capacity of the power system. With the rapid development of active control technology of wind turbines, wind power plants already have the capability of providing rotary standby for power systems. The rotating reserve capacity of the wind power plant is accurately estimated, the frequency modulation capability of the wind power participation system can be fully exerted, and the frequency stability of the system is improved.
According to the embodiment, the index of up-regulating reserve capacity of the wind power plant is adopted, the maximum contribution force of the wind power plant in the frequency modulation period is measured, and the frequency modulation capacity of the wind power plant is fully exerted while the safe and stable operation of the wind power plant is ensured.
The calculation method of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant is shown in a formula (9):
PURC＝Pmax-Prel (9)
wherein, P URC is the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind farm, P max is the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm, and P rel is the current actual output of the wind farm. As shown in formula (10), the current output P e-i of each unit in the wind farm is accumulated to obtain the value of P rel, so that the key of calculation of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind farm is the calculation of P max:
And extrapolating the wind speed measured by the wind measuring tower to each unit in the wind power plant to obtain the actual wind speed v i of each unit. The relation between the theoretical output P max-i of each wind turbine and the wind speed v i is as follows:
Wherein v in is the cut-in wind speed of the wind turbine, v n is the rated wind speed of the wind turbine, v out (25 m/s) is the cut-out wind speed of the wind turbine, ρ is the air density, A is the wind sweeping area of the fan blade, C pmax is the maximum wind energy utilization coefficient of the fan, lambda opt is the optimal tip speed ratio of the wind turbine, β is a fixed constant, β is the pitch angle, and P N is the rated power of the wind turbine.
The theoretical output curve of a certain 1.5MW fan is shown in FIG. 7, and K i is defined as the switching function of the unit i for considering the influence of the unit start-stop factor: when the unit i operates, K i =1; when the unit i is shut down, K i =0. Therefore, the calculation formula of the theoretical maximum output P max of the wind power plant is as follows:
taking a wind farm with a flat topography as shown in fig. 8 as a research object, researching the wake effects under different wind speeds and wind directions and the influence of the start and stop of a unit on the evaluation result of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind farm based on simulation.
The wind farm is provided with 25 wind turbines of 1.5MW, the blade diameter D=80m of each wind turbine, and the hub height H=70m. The wind turbine generator system is square with the layout of 2.2km multiplied by 2.2km, the horizontal row is 5 rows, the vertical row is 5 columns, the distance between the adjacent rows is 7D, and the specific arrangement distribution is shown in figure 8. M1 and M2 are wind towers, M1 is selected as an origin of coordinates, a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is established, and θ is a wind direction angle.
From equation (4) and equation (7): the wind speed and the wind direction of upstream incoming flow have great influence on the wake effect of the wind power plant, and further influence the accuracy of the up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation result of the wind power plant. The influence of the calculated wind speed and wind direction on the evaluation result is analyzed and calculated.
Wind farm input wind direction is unchanged and wind speed is changed
For the wind power plant shown in fig. 8, the input wind direction θ=45° is kept unchanged, the input wind speed v 0 is changed, the input wind speed and theoretical output of each unit are calculated, and the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant is evaluated. Under different v 0 conditions, the input wind speed of each unit in the wind power plant is shown in fig. 9, and the theoretical output of each unit is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 theoretical output of each unit
When the input wind direction of the wind power plant is kept unchanged and the input wind speed is changed, the wind speed distribution in the wind power plant is consistent at different wind speeds, namely, the shapes of three curves in FIG. 9 are similar; and the theoretical output of the machine set is different. When v0=10m/s, the theoretical maximum output P max = 26.850MW of the wind power plant, and the up-regulation reserve capacity P URC of the wind power plant is maximum; when v 0 =8 m/s, the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm, P max = 12.866MW, where P URC is minimum.
If the wake effect is not considered, the input wind speed of each unit in the wind power plant is v 0, and when the input wind speed is reduced from 10m/s to 8m/s, the theoretical maximum output of the wind power plant is reduced from 33.175WM to 16.975WM, and the theoretical maximum output is reduced by 48.8%. And when the wake flow effect is considered, the theoretical maximum output of the wind power plant is reduced from 26.850MW to 12.866WM, and the theoretical maximum output is reduced by 52.1%. Under the working condition, the estimation result considering the wake effect is improved by about 3.3% of accuracy compared with the estimation result not considering the wake effect, and the fact that the wake effect has a larger influence on the estimation of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant is proved, and the influence of the wake effect must be fully considered when the estimation is carried out. Wind farm input wind speed is unchanged, wind direction is changed
The input wind speed v 0 = 10m/s of the wind farm is kept unchanged, and the magnitude of the input wind direction theta is changed. Under different theta conditions, the input wind speed of each unit is shown in figure 10, and the theoretical output of each unit is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 theoretical output of each unit
When the input wind direction of the wind power plant changes, the position distance and the shielding area between the same units can change, so that the wind speed distribution of the whole wind power plant can be changed. As can be seen from fig. 10, as the wind direction angle θ changes from 0 ° to 60 °, the minimum input wind speed for each unit of the wind farm increases from 5.456m/s to 9.356m/s, while Pmax for the wind farm changes from 18.835MW to 31.233MW. When θ=60°, the overlapping area between each unit of the whole wind farm is minimum, the wind farm wake effect is the weakest, and the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind farm is the largest.
When no wake flow effect is considered, the input wind direction has no influence on the theoretical output of each unit, and the theoretical maximum output of the whole wind power plant is 33.175MW; if the influence of wake effect is considered, when θ is 0 °, 45 °,60 °, the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm is reduced by 43.2%, 19.1%, 5.9%, respectively. Compared with the change of the input wind speed, the influence of the change of the input wind direction on the wake effect of the wind power plant is more remarkable, the larger the overlapping area between wind power units is, the larger the influence of the wake effect on the units is, and the smaller the up-regulation reserve capacity of the whole wind power plant is.
Scheduled maintenance or accident shutdown of components close to a wind power plant in the power system can cause limited output of the wind power plant, and part or even all units are shut down; the power grid has limited capacity, and the wind power transmission channel has insufficient capacity, so that partial units of the wind power plant can be stopped. The start-stop conditions of different units have different influences on the evaluation of the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant, and then the influence is analyzed and calculated in detail through simulation.
Wind direction angle θ=0°, and WTs 11 to wt14 are stopped alternately
The input wind speed v0=10m/s of the wind power plant is kept, the input wind direction angle theta=0deg.C is unchanged, the units WT11, WT12, WT13 and WT14 are stopped respectively, the input wind speed and theoretical output of each unit of the wind power plant are analyzed and calculated, and the results are shown in FIG. 11 and Table 3.
TABLE 3 theoretical output of affected units
When θ=0°, any one of the units of WT11 to WT14 is shut down, the affected units are WT11 to WT15, and the theoretical output of the remaining units remains unchanged. When the WT 11-WT 14 are stopped in turn, the theoretical maximum output of the whole wind power plant can be calculated to be 18.619WM, 19.083WM, 18.905WM and 18.739WM respectively, and when all the units are not stopped, the theoretical maximum output of the wind power plant is 18.835WM.
Off-line units WT11 and WT14 will result in a decrease in the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm, while off-line units WT12 and WT13 will result in an increase in the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm. This is determined by the geographical location where the unit is located: WT12 and WT13 have a greater effect on the wake effects of the wind farm, and when they are shut down, the input wind speed of the downstream units increases, and their theoretical output increases, eventually the theoretical output of the downstream units increases more than the theoretical output that decreases due to the unit shut down, resulting in an increase in the theoretical maximum output of the entire wind farm.
Wind direction angle θ=45°, and WTs 11 to WT14 are stopped alternately
The input wind direction angle θ=45° of the wind farm was made, and the rest of the conditions were the same as in the previous simulation. The specific simulation results are shown in fig. 12 and table 4.
TABLE 4 theoretical output of affected units
Unlike θ=0°, when θ=45°, WTs 11 to WT14 are deactivated for different units and the affected units are different. Table 4 lists the specific theoretical output magnitudes for the affected units and the theoretical output for the unaffected units is referred to Table 2. In four cases, the theoretical maximum force of the wind farm was 25.937MW, 26.409MW, 26.633MW and 26.284MW, respectively.
When each unit is not stopped, the theoretical maximum output of the wind power plant is 26.850WM. In contrast, any one of the units WT11 to WT14 is shut down, which results in a reduced capacity for up-regulation in the wind farm. Wherein WT11 is down, resulting in a maximum reduction in up-regulation reserve capacity of 3.4%; WT13 is down resulting in a minimum decrease in up-regulation spare capacity of 0.8%.
According to the wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on the wind tower data, the influence of wind speed and direction, wake effect and unit start-stop factors is considered, the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant can be assessed more accurately in real time, and the effectiveness of the method provided in the embodiment is verified through simulation.
Example two
The second embodiment of the disclosure introduces a wind farm up-regulation standby capacity evaluation system based on wind tower data.
A wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment system based on anemometer tower data as shown in fig. 13, comprising:
An acquisition module configured to acquire anemometer tower data;
The calculation module is configured to perform coordinate transformation on the acquired anemometer tower data and calculate shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant; based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area; calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed;
and the evaluation module is configured to calculate and evaluate the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine.
The detailed steps are the same as those of the wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation method based on the wind tower data provided in the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example III
A third embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a program which when executed by a processor performs the steps in a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The detailed steps are the same as those of the wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation method based on the wind tower data provided in the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example IV
The fourth embodiment of the disclosure provides an electronic device.
An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, performs the steps in a wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The detailed steps are the same as those of the wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity evaluation method based on the wind tower data provided in the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is provided only and not intended to limit the disclosure so that various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
While the specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made by one skilled in the art without inventive effort on the basis of the technical solutions of the present disclosure while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A wind power plant up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on wind tower data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Acquiring wind tower data;
Before wind measuring tower data are acquired, a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is established by taking a contact point of the wind measuring tower and the ground as an origin, coordinates of the wind generating sets are represented by positions of hubs of the wind generating sets, and the positions of each wind generating set in the coordinate system are determined; the acquired anemometer tower data comprise wind speed and wind direction of a wind power plant;
carrying out coordinate transformation on the established Cartesian rectangular coordinate system to ensure that the x-axis direction of the Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is consistent with the wind direction;
Coordinate transformation is carried out on the acquired anemometer tower data, and shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant are calculated;
Based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area;
Calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed;
And calculating and evaluating the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine generator.
2. The wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on wind tower data according to claim 1, wherein the shielding area between each unit in the wind farm is the overlapping area of wake areas between adjacent units; the larger the overlap area, the more pronounced the wake effect.
3. A wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wake effect is linearly expanding, at a distance x from the upstream group, its wake radius r (x) is r (x) = r wt + xtan α; wherein r wt is the blade radius of the upstream unit; alpha is a linear expansion angle, tan alpha represents the length of the radius increase of the projection surface of the wind wheel when the wind passes through the wind wheel and then propagates downwards along the direction of the wind wheel shaft, and when the unit receives the natural wind speed, tan alpha=0.04, otherwise tan alpha=0.08.
4. A wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data as claimed in claim 3, wherein v 0 represents the natural wind speed of the upstream unit, v 1 represents the back wind speed of the upstream unit, v w (x) represents the wake wind speed at x downstream from the upstream unit, C T represents the thrust coefficient of the unit, then:
5. The wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on wind tower data as claimed in claim 4, wherein any unit i in the wind farm is shielded by all units upstream of the wind farm to different extents, and the input wind speed v i is also affected by other units; comprehensively considering wake effects of each upstream wind turbine generator in the wind power plant on a downstream wind turbine generator i, and obtaining an average input wind speed v i of the wind turbine generator i as follows:
Wherein, beta k-i represents the ratio of the shielding area S k-i between the kth unit and the ith unit to the pi 2 wt-i of the wind sweeping area of the ith unit; v k-i denotes the wind speed of the kth unit acting on the ith unit when considering the inter-unit wake effect; and n represents the total number of the wind power plant units.
6. A wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data as recited in claim 5, wherein said wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity P UR is: p URC＝Pmax-Prel; where P max represents the theoretical maximum output of the wind farm, P rel represents the current actual output of the wind farm,Wherein P e-i is the current output of each unit in the wind power plant.
7. A wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment system based on anemometer tower data according to any of claims 1-6, comprising:
An acquisition module configured to acquire anemometer tower data;
Before wind measuring tower data are acquired, a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is established by taking a contact point of the wind measuring tower and the ground as an origin, coordinates of the wind generating sets are represented by positions of hubs of the wind generating sets, and the positions of each wind generating set in the coordinate system are determined; the acquired anemometer tower data comprise wind speed and wind direction of a wind power plant;
carrying out coordinate transformation on the established Cartesian rectangular coordinate system to ensure that the x-axis direction of the Cartesian rectangular coordinate system is consistent with the wind direction;
The calculation module is configured to perform coordinate transformation on the acquired anemometer tower data and calculate shielding areas among all units in the wind power plant; based on wake flow effect, calculating the input wind speed of the wind turbine according to the obtained shielding area; calculating the current actual output of the wind turbine according to the obtained wind turbine input wind speed;
and the evaluation module is configured to calculate and evaluate the up-regulation reserve capacity of the wind power plant according to the current actual output of the obtained wind turbine.
8. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the wind farm up-regulation reserve capacity assessment method based on anemometer tower data according to any of claims 1-6.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, performs the steps in the method for on-farm adjustment reserve capacity assessment based on anemometer tower data according to any of claims 1-6.
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