CN115932498A - Submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method and device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement - Google Patents
Submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method and device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cable partial discharge detection, and discloses a submarine cable partial discharge quantity inversion method and device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement. According to the method, a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different local discharge source parameters is obtained based on local discharge test data; the local discharge source is equivalent to a heat source, and a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different heat source parameters is constructed on the basis of the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristic under different equivalent thermal powers; and fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result. The method can effectively identify the partial discharge type, the radial position of the partial discharge defect and the severity of the partial discharge of the submarine cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable partial discharge detection, in particular to a submarine cable partial discharge quantity inversion method and device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement.
Background
The submarine cable is used as a core device in an offshore power transmission network, the performance and the state of the submarine cable play a crucial role in the safe and stable operation of the whole offshore wind farm power system, and the insulation state of the submarine cable is a key factor influencing the safe and reliable operation of the cable.
The main insulation fault caused by insulation aging accounts for a considerable proportion in external damage faults of the submarine cable, and the insulation state of the cable is closely related to the change and the size of the local discharge capacity of the cable, so that the size and the change of the local discharge capacity can be used as important characterization indexes for characterizing the insulation state of the cable and whether the cable can safely run. However, the existing submarine cable state monitoring scheme can only realize overtemperature early warning and axial position positioning of the partial discharge defect of the submarine cable, and cannot accurately identify the partial discharge type, the radial position of the partial discharge defect and the severity of the partial discharge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a submarine cable partial discharge quantity inversion method and device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, and solves the technical problem of accurately identifying the type of partial discharge, the radial position of a partial discharge defect and the severity of the partial discharge of a submarine cable.
The invention provides a submarine cable local discharge quantity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring partial discharge test data; the partial discharge test data comprise monitoring data of the circumferential surface and axial temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath under different partial discharge source parameters, and the partial discharge source parameters comprise a partial discharge type, a partial discharge defect radial position and a partial discharge amount;
analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different partial discharge source parameters;
constructing a submarine cable geometric simulation model; the submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises optical fiber units which are distributed in a submarine cable;
determining equivalent thermal power corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data;
constructing a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath along with the change of time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent thermal powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; the heat source parameters comprise a partial discharge type, a heat source position, equivalent thermal power and the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit;
and fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result.
According to a manner that can be realized in the first aspect of the present invention, the analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing with time under different parameters of the partial discharge source includes:
constructing a first functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath and the partial discharge amount and time of different partial discharge types at the same partial discharge defect radial position;
constructing a second functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath at the radial positions of different partial discharge defects of the same partial discharge type and the partial discharge amount and time;
and combining the first functional relation fitting curve and the second functional relation fitting curve to obtain the first target fitting curve.
According to an implementable manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the constructing a geometric simulation model of a submarine cable comprises:
determining a simplified structural model of the submarine cable; the simplified structure model is obtained by simplifying the target structure of the submarine cable and the material properties of the corresponding area, wherein the target structure comprises the insulation structure of the submarine cable core, the protection structure of the submarine cable core and the structure of the optical fiber unit;
and obtaining a submarine cable geometric simulation model by utilizing finite element simulation according to the simplified structure model.
According to a manner that can be realized by the first aspect of the present invention, the determining equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data includes:
a target partial discharge source is equivalent to a target heat source, evolution relation data of the maximum temperature and the time of the surface of the submarine cable sheath at a partial defect position corresponding to the target partial discharge source is obtained from the partial discharge test data, and the heating power range of the target heat source is determined according to the evolution relation data;
setting the step length of the thermal power change, and setting the environmental temperature and the boundary condition of the submarine cable by taking the lower limit of the heating power range of the target heat source as the initial thermal power value of the target heat source;
performing heat conduction calculation based on the current thermal power value of the target heat source to obtain optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions, and comparing the optical fiber surface temperature in the optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions with the optical fiber unit surface temperature of the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit to obtain a relative error ratio;
judging whether the relative error proportion obtained at present is smaller than a preset proportion or not; if so, taking the current thermal power value of the target heat source as the equivalent thermal power corresponding to the target partial discharge source; if not, increasing the current value of the thermal power of the target heat source by the step length, and returning to the previous step.
According to a manner that can be realized by the first aspect of the present invention, the determining equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data further includes:
the preset proportion is set to be 20%.
According to an implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the amount of partial discharge of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result includes:
extracting corresponding first target fitting curves from each first target fitting curve and classifying the corresponding first target fitting curves into a curve cluster to be fitted according to the partial discharge type in the second target fitting curve to be fitted;
calculating the goodness of fit of the second target fitting curve to be fitted and each first target fitting curve in the cluster of the curves to be fitted;
and taking a first target fitting curve corresponding to the maximum value of the goodness of fit in the to-be-fitted curve cluster as a correlation curve of the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve, and obtaining the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve based on the correlation curve.
According to an enabling aspect of the first aspect of the invention, the method further comprises:
acquiring optical signal change data of the optical fiber unit under different equivalent thermal powers;
and analyzing the optical signal change data according to an optical time domain reflection principle and a Raman scattering effect, and determining the axial position of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve.
The invention provides a submarine cable local discharge quantity inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which comprises:
the test data acquisition module is used for acquiring partial discharge test data; the local discharge test data comprise monitoring data of the circumferential surface and the axial temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath under different local discharge source parameters, and the local discharge source parameters comprise local discharge types, local discharge defect radial positions and local discharge amount;
the first curve construction module is used for analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different partial discharge source parameters;
the model building module is used for building a submarine cable geometric simulation model; the submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises optical fiber units which are distributed in a submarine cable;
the equivalent thermal power determining module is used for determining equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data;
the second curve building module is used for building a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent thermal powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; the heat source parameters comprise a partial discharge type, a heat source position, equivalent thermal power and the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit;
and the inversion module is used for fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve and inverting the radial position and the local discharge amount of the local discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result.
According to an enabling manner of the second aspect of the invention, the first curve construction module comprises:
the first curve building unit is used for building a first function relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath, the local discharge amount and the local discharge time of different local discharge types at the same radial position of the local discharge defect;
the second curve building unit is used for building a second functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath at the radial positions of different partial discharge defects of the same partial discharge type and the partial discharge amount and time;
and the curve combining unit is used for combining the first functional relation fitting curve and the second functional relation fitting curve to obtain the first target fitting curve.
According to an implementable manner of the second aspect of the invention, the model building module comprises:
a determination unit for determining a simplified structural model of the submarine cable; the simplified structure model is obtained by simplifying the target structure of the submarine cable and the material properties of the corresponding area, wherein the target structure comprises the insulation structure of the submarine cable core, the protection structure of the submarine cable core and the structure of the optical fiber unit;
and the simulation unit is used for obtaining a submarine cable geometric simulation model by utilizing finite element simulation according to the simplified structure model.
According to an enabling manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the equivalent thermal power determining module comprises:
the heating power range determining unit is used for enabling a target local discharge source to be equivalent to a target heat source, obtaining evolution relation data of the maximum temperature and the time of the surface of the submarine cable sheath at the local defect position corresponding to the target local discharge source from the local discharge test data, and determining the heating power range of the target heat source according to the evolution relation data;
the initial setting unit is used for setting the step length of the thermal power change and setting the environmental temperature and the boundary condition of the submarine cable by taking the lower limit of the heating power range of the target heat source as the initial thermal power value of the target heat source;
the first calculation unit is used for carrying out heat conduction calculation based on the current thermal power value of a target heat source to obtain optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions, and comparing the surface temperature of each optical fiber in the optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions with the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit at the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit to obtain a relative error ratio;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the relative error proportion obtained at present is smaller than a preset proportion or not; if so, taking the current thermal power value of the target heat source as the equivalent thermal power corresponding to the target partial discharge source; and if not, increasing the current thermal power value of the target heat source by the step length, and returning to the first calculation unit.
According to an achievable manner of the second aspect of the present invention, the equivalent thermal power determination module further includes:
and the proportion setting unit is used for setting the preset proportion to be 20%.
According to an enabling mode of the second aspect of the invention, the inversion module comprises:
the curve selection unit is used for extracting corresponding first target fitting curves from each first target fitting curve and classifying the corresponding first target fitting curves into a curve cluster to be fitted according to the partial discharge type in the second target fitting curve to be fitted;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the goodness of fit of the second target fitting curve to be fitted and each first target fitting curve in the curve cluster to be fitted;
and the inversion unit is used for taking a first target fitting curve corresponding to the maximum value of the goodness of fit in the to-be-fitted curve cluster as a correlation curve of the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve, and obtaining the radial position and the local discharge amount of the local discharge defect corresponding to the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve based on the correlation curve.
According to an implementable manner of the second aspect of the invention, the apparatus further comprises:
the optical signal change data acquisition module is used for acquiring optical signal change data of the optical fiber unit under different equivalent thermal powers;
and the axial position determining module is used for analyzing the optical signal change data according to an optical time domain reflection principle and a Raman scattering effect and determining the axial position of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve.
The third aspect of the invention provides a submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which comprises:
a memory to store instructions; the instructions are used for realizing the submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement in any one of the realizable modes;
a processor to execute the instructions in the memory.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is a computer-readable storage medium, having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for inverting local discharge capacity of a submarine cable based on distributed optical fiber thermometry according to any one of the above-mentioned manners.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method, a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different local discharge source parameters is obtained based on local discharge test data; constructing a submarine cable geometric simulation model, and determining equivalent thermal power corresponding to different local discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the local discharge test data; constructing a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent heat powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result; the method can effectively identify the type of the partial discharge and the radial position of the partial discharge defect, can also obtain key parameters for representing the severity of the partial discharge, namely the magnitude of the partial discharge, and can provide important judgment basis for the insulation state and the variation trend of the submarine cable, thereby providing important reference for operation, maintenance and repair of the submarine cable and effectively improving the safe and stable operation level of the offshore wind farm power system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an inversion method of local discharge amount of a submarine cable based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial discharge test provided in an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a distributed optical fiber arrangement for a three-core undersea cable provided in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural connection block diagram of an submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion apparatus based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
in FIG. 2, T 1 -a first isolation transformer; t is a unit of 2 -a voltage regulator; c 1 -a low voltage low pass filter; t is 3 -a second isolation transformer; c 2 -a high-voltage low-pass filter; l is 1 -a first inductance; l is a radical of an alcohol 2 -a second inductance; c V -a capacitive voltage divider; c k -a coupling capacitance; z m -detecting an impedance; a. The 1 -a partial discharge instrument; a. The 2 -a data acquisition system; a. The 3 -a temperature display terminal; a. The 4 -a patch type temperature sensor;
in FIG. 4, 1-test data acquisition module; 2-a first curve construction module; 3-a model building module; 4-an equivalent thermal power determination module; 5-a second curve construction module; 6-inversion module.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a submarine cable partial discharge quantity inversion method and device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, and aims to solve the technical problem of accurately identifying the type of partial discharge, the radial position of a partial discharge defect and the severity of the partial discharge of a submarine cable.
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a submarine cable partial discharge amount inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which comprises the steps of S1-S6.
S1, acquiring partial discharge test data; the partial discharge test data comprise monitoring data of the circumferential surface and the axial temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath under different partial discharge source parameters, and the partial discharge source parameters comprise partial discharge types, partial discharge defect radial positions and partial discharge amount.
The partial discharge test data are obtained by performing partial discharge tests on the cable under different partial discharge source parameters.
As a specific embodiment, partial discharge tests under different partial discharge source parameters are performed based on the test platform shown in FIG. 2. The test platform shown in fig. 2 comprises a first isolation transformer T 1 Voltage regulator T 2 Low voltage low pass filter C 1 A second isolation transformer T 3 High-voltage low-pass filter C 2 A first inductor L 1 A second inductor L 2 Capacitive divider C V And a coupling capacitor C k And a detection impedance Z m Partial discharge instrument A 1 Data acquisition system A 2 And a temperature display terminal A 3 And the submarine cable with preset defects is tested by the test platform. Wherein, a patch type temperature sensor A is arranged on the submarine cable with the preset defects 4 。
Wherein, the length direction of the submarine cable is set as the z direction, the axial position of the partial discharge defect is set as zero, and the patch type temperature can be controlledDegree sensor A 4 The outer circumference surface of the submarine cable sheath is uniformly attached in the axial (-z, z) area. For example, a surface mount type temperature sensor A 4 Are uniformly arranged along the circumference and the axial direction, and every two surface mount type temperature sensors A are arranged at the same axial position 4 The included angles between the two temperature sensors and the circle center are all set to be 60 degrees, namely 6 temperature sensors are uniformly arranged along the whole circumference, and the 6 temperature sensors form 1 group. Meanwhile, 5 groups of temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the reference position along the axis and the positions of +/-10 cm and +/-20 cm by taking the axial position of the partial discharge defect position as the reference position to form a 5 multiplied by 6 temperature sensor array.
It should be noted that, in order to improve the accuracy of the temperature distribution measurement, more surface mount temperature sensors a may be appropriately arranged 4 。
It should be noted that, the test platform for performing the partial discharge test may also be performed with reference to other existing partial discharge test platforms; accordingly, the test method for performing the partial discharge test may be performed with reference to other existing partial discharge test methods.
And S2, analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different partial discharge source parameters.
In one implementation, the process of constructing the first target-fitting curve includes:
constructing a first functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath and the local discharge amount and time of different local discharge types at the same radial position of the local discharge defect;
constructing a second functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath at the radial positions of different partial discharge defects of the same partial discharge type and the partial discharge amount and time;
and combining the first functional relation fitting curve and the second functional relation fitting curve to obtain the first target fitting curve.
As a specific embodiment, when performing partial discharge tests under different partial discharge source parameters based on the test platform shown in fig. 2, the process of constructing the first target fitting curve may include:
(1) By arranging a surface-mounted temperature sensor A along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of a submarine cable 4 Obtaining the temperature distribution characteristics of the surface of the submarine cable;
(2) Aiming at different partial discharge types, obtaining the partial discharge amount, the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the outer skin and the evolution rule of time through partial discharge tests with different partial discharge amounts;
after the wiring of each part of the test platform is finished, the apparent discharge amount of the partial discharge is calibrated by using a calibration pulse generator before the formal test is started, and then the test is started according to the partial discharge test rule of the submarine cable;
(3) Aiming at different partial discharge types and the same radial position, different partial discharge quantities are adopted to respectively carry out tests during the test, for example, the partial discharge quantities are respectively carried out by 50pC, 100pC, 150pC, 200pC, 250pC and 300pC to obtain the change function relation of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the crust along with the time under different partial discharge quantities
Wherein
Represents a partial discharge quantity of Q n During the process, the function representation relation of the surface temperature of the submarine cable sheath along the change of a circumferential direction alpha and an axial direction z along with time t is realized, m represents a partial discharge type, namely the partial discharge type, and m =1,2,3 respectively represents that the partial discharge type is air gap electrogas, creeping discharge and corona discharge;
(4) For different radial positions P of the same type of partial discharge 1 ,P 2 ,...,P i In the partial discharge test, the magnitude of the partial discharge amount is the same as that in the step (3), for example, the partial discharge amount is still respectively tested by 50pC, 100pC, 150pC, 200pC, 250pC and 300pC, so as to obtain the change relation of the skin surface temperature distribution characteristic with the time t under different partial discharge amounts;
(5) Combining the data obtained in (3) and (4) to obtainUnder the conditions of different partial discharge types, different radial positions of partial discharge defects and different partial discharge quantities, the functional change relationship of the surface temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath along with the time t is recorded as:
it represents that the partial discharge type is m, and the radial position of the partial discharge defect is P i Partial discharge of Q n And the surface temperature of the submarine cable sheath changes along the circumferential direction alpha and the axial direction z along the time t as a function representation relation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the evolution relation between the distribution characteristics of the temperature field on the surface of the cable sheath along the circumference and the axial direction and the time under different partial discharge quantities, partial discharge types and partial discharge defect positions is obtained through partial discharge test data, and the method is simple and convenient.
Considering that for different partial discharge types, under the same discharge amount, the temperature rise characteristic curve of the partial discharge point along with the time is different, so that the type of the partial discharge can be judged according to the characteristic that the temperature rise characteristic curve of the outer skin of the submarine cable along with the time changes. Similarly, the type of the partial discharge can be determined based on the variation characteristics of the fitting curve of the temperature and the time measured by the optical fiber unit. Based on this, the present invention performs the following steps S3 to S5.
S3, constructing a submarine cable geometric simulation model; the submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises optical fiber units which are arranged in a submarine cable in a distributed mode.
In one implementation, the constructing a submarine cable geometric simulation model includes:
determining a simplified structural model of the submarine cable; the simplified structure model is obtained by simplifying the target structure of the submarine cable and the material properties of the corresponding area, wherein the target structure comprises the insulation structure of the submarine cable core, the protection structure of the submarine cable core and the structure of the optical fiber unit;
and obtaining a submarine cable geometric simulation model by utilizing finite element simulation according to the simplified structure model.
Although the partial discharge point can be equivalent to a virtual heat source treatment, the analysis and the solution are very difficult in consideration of the complexity of the submarine cable structure and the complexity of the path when the partial discharge point is coupled to the optical fibers at different positions, and if the submarine cable structure is not properly simplified, the problems of complex mesh division and long solution time exist when finite element modeling is adopted for simulation. Based on the above consideration, in this embodiment, the simplified structure model of the submarine cable is determined, and then the submarine cable geometric simulation model is obtained by using finite element simulation based on the simplified structure model.
As a specific embodiment, the simplified process of the submarine cable structure may include:
1) Laminating a conductor shielding layer with a thinner wire core, a thicker XLPE insulating layer (namely a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer) and a thinner insulating shielding layer into an insulating layer, wherein the material properties of the insulating layer, such as specific heat capacity, heat conduction coefficient and the like, are set as equivalent material properties;
2) The thinner anticorrosive layer and the PE sheath layer (taking a polyethylene sheath) are equivalent to a sheath layer, and the material property of the sheath layer is set to be equivalent;
3) The structure of the optical fiber unit is simplified into an optical fiber, an HDPE sheath (namely, a high-density polyethylene sheath) and a stainless steel tube.
In order to more accurately obtain the temperature distribution characteristics on the cross section and the axial direction of the submarine cable, the optical fiber units can adopt a symmetrical arrangement scheme. For example, for a common three-core submarine cable, the layout method is schematically shown in fig. 3. In the cross section of the three-core submarine cable, three distributed optical fibers are arranged with an included angle of 120 degrees in pairs to measure temperature information at different positions.
When the submarine cable geometric simulation model is obtained by finite element simulation based on the simplified structure model, a corresponding geometric simulation model can be established in COMSOL (multi-physics field simulation software), the actual material parameters of the corresponding submarine cable are set in the areas without equivalence, and the equivalent layer is correspondingly set as the equivalent material parameters.
And S4, determining equivalent thermal power corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data.
In an implementation manner, the determining equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data includes:
a target partial discharge source is equivalent to a target heat source, evolution relation data of the maximum temperature and the time of the surface of the submarine cable sheath at a partial defect position corresponding to the target partial discharge source is obtained from the partial discharge test data, and the heating power range of the target heat source is determined according to the evolution relation data;
setting the step length of the thermal power change, and setting the environmental temperature and boundary conditions of the submarine cable by taking the lower limit of the heating power range of the target heat source as the initial thermal power value of the target heat source;
performing heat conduction calculation based on the current thermal power value of the target heat source to obtain optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions, and comparing the optical fiber surface temperature in the optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions with the optical fiber unit surface temperature of the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit to obtain a relative error ratio;
judging whether the relative error proportion obtained at present is smaller than a preset proportion or not; if so, taking the current thermal power value of the target heat source as the equivalent thermal power corresponding to the target partial discharge source; if not, increasing the current thermal power value of the target heat source by the step length, and returning to the previous step.
According to the embodiment of the application, when the partial discharge type is m and the partial discharge quantity is Q n The partial discharge source is equivalent to a heat source
Wherein W n To correspond to partial discharge of Q n The heating power of the heat source, P N As the position of the heat source, P N Corresponding to the radial position of the partial discharge defect of the partial discharge source. Estimating the heat W generated by partial discharge at the defect in unit time according to the evolution relation between the maximum temperature and time of the cable sheath on the radial position section of the partial discharge defect acquired by the test part, namely the temperature rise characteristicEstimated at partial discharge quantity Q n The heating power of the heat source is in the range of W 1 ～W 2 Then W will be 1 ～W 2 Equally divided into multiple sections, setting the initial heating power to W 1 And the step length is delta W, and the input power of the heat source is subjected to parametric scan input so as to determine the equivalent thermal power corresponding to the partial discharge source.
The environmental temperature and boundary conditions of the submarine cable of the simulation model can be set according to the actual operation environment. The environmental temperature and boundary conditions include the temperature range at which the submarine cable is laid and the range of the voltage and current magnitude loaded on the submarine cable.
The calculation formula of the relative error ratio can be set according to actual conditions. For example, when the surface temperature of each optical fiber in the optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data at different positions is compared with the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit at the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit, the maximum temperature error value can be obtained, and the relative error ratio is obtained by dividing the maximum temperature error value by the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit at the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit.
When the heat conduction calculation is carried out based on the current value of the thermal power of the target heat source, the grid encryption can be properly carried out near the heat source and at the interface of the medium, so that the calculation precision is improved.
It should be noted that the preset ratio can be set according to actual situations. In one possible implementation, the preset ratio is set to 20%.
S5, constructing a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent thermal powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; the heat source parameters comprise partial discharge type, heat source position, equivalent thermal power and surface temperature of the optical fiber unit.
Wherein the second target fitting curve may be
To carry out the presentation of the contents,
m represents the partial discharge type and P represents the heat source position N And the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit is T fibre The surface temperature of the submarine cable sheath varies with time t along the circumferential direction alpha and the axial direction z to represent the relation.
And S6, fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the local discharge amount of the local discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result.
In an implementation manner, the fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the partial discharge defect radial position and the partial discharge amount corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result includes:
extracting corresponding first target fitting curves from each first target fitting curve according to the partial discharge type in the second target fitting curve to be fitted, and classifying the corresponding first target fitting curves into a curve cluster to be fitted;
calculating the goodness of fit of the second target fitting curve to be fitted and each first target fitting curve in the cluster of curves to be fitted;
and taking a first target fitting curve corresponding to the maximum value of the goodness of fit in the to-be-fitted curve cluster as a correlation curve of the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve, and obtaining the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve based on the correlation curve.
Based on the embodiment of the present application, assuming the variation characteristic of the fitted curve of the temperature and the time measured by the optical fiber unit, it is determined that the partial discharge type is air gap discharge, i.e., m =1. Fitting a second target to be fitted to a curve
When fitting to a first target fitting curve of a cluster of curves to be fitted,
curve fitted to the first target->
The greatest goodness-of-fit value of (b) is determined, then a determination may be made as to whether or not this time>
The corresponding partial discharge type is air gap discharge, and the partial discharge quantity of the partial discharge source is Q 2 The radial position of the partial discharge defect is P 3 。
In one implementation, the method further comprises:
acquiring optical signal change data of the optical fiber unit under different equivalent thermal powers;
and analyzing the optical signal change data according to an optical time domain reflection principle and a Raman scattering effect, and determining the axial position of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve.
It should be noted that, the method for determining the axial position of the partial discharge defect based on the optical time domain reflection principle and the raman scattering effect belongs to the prior art, and in this embodiment, the optical signal change data may be analyzed by referring to the prior method to obtain the axial position of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve.
The existing distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system can only realize overtemperature early warning and axial position positioning, but cannot identify the problems of partial discharge type, radial position of insulation defect and partial discharge severity. According to the embodiment of the invention, the online monitoring of the key parameters of the local discharge state of the submarine cable can be effectively realized, the technical problems are well solved, the local discharge type and the specific radial position of the insulation defect can be effectively identified, and the key parameters representing the severity of the local discharge, namely the size of the local discharge amount, can be obtained, so that an important judgment basis can be provided for the insulation state and the variation trend of the submarine cable, an important reference is provided for the operation, maintenance and repair of the submarine cable, and the safe and stable operation level of the offshore wind farm power system is effectively improved.
The invention also provides a submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which can be used for executing the submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement in any embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a structural connection block diagram of a submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion apparatus based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which comprises:
the test data acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring partial discharge test data; the local discharge test data comprise monitoring data of the circumferential surface and the axial temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath under different local discharge source parameters, and the local discharge source parameters comprise local discharge types, local discharge defect radial positions and local discharge amount;
the first curve construction module 2 is used for analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different partial discharge source parameters;
the model building module 3 is used for building a submarine cable geometric simulation model; the submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises optical fiber units which are distributed in a submarine cable;
the equivalent thermal power determining module 4 is used for determining equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data;
the second curve building module 5 is used for building a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent thermal powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; the heat source parameters comprise a partial discharge type, a heat source position, equivalent thermal power and the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit;
and the inversion module 6 is used for fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the local discharge amount of the local discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result.
In an implementable manner, the first curve building block 2 comprises:
the first curve building unit is used for building a first function relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath, the local discharge amount and the local discharge time of different local discharge types at the same radial position of the local discharge defect;
the second curve building unit is used for building a second functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath at the radial positions of different partial discharge defects of the same partial discharge type and the partial discharge amount and time;
and the curve combining unit is used for combining the first functional relation fitting curve and the second functional relation fitting curve to obtain the first target fitting curve.
In an implementable manner, the model building module 3 comprises:
a determination unit for determining a simplified structural model of the submarine cable; the simplified structure model is obtained by simplifying the target structure of the submarine cable and the material properties of the corresponding area, wherein the target structure comprises the insulation structure of the submarine cable core, the protection structure of the submarine cable core and the structure of the optical fiber unit;
and the simulation unit is used for obtaining a submarine cable geometric simulation model by utilizing finite element simulation according to the simplified structure model.
In an implementable manner, the equivalent thermal power determination module 4 comprises:
the heating power range determining unit is used for enabling a target local discharge source to be equivalent to a target heat source, obtaining evolution relation data of the maximum temperature and the time of the surface of the submarine cable sheath at the local defect position corresponding to the target local discharge source from the local discharge test data, and determining the heating power range of the target heat source according to the evolution relation data;
the initial setting unit is used for setting the step length of the thermal power change and setting the environmental temperature and the boundary condition of the submarine cable by taking the lower limit of the heating power range of the target heat source as the initial thermal power value of the target heat source;
the first calculation unit is used for carrying out heat conduction calculation based on the current thermal power value of a target heat source to obtain optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions, and comparing the surface temperature of each optical fiber in the optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions with the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit at the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit to obtain a relative error ratio;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the relative error proportion obtained at present is smaller than a preset proportion or not; if so, taking the current thermal power value of the target heat source as the equivalent thermal power corresponding to the target partial discharge source; and if not, increasing the current value of the thermal power of the target heat source by the step length, and returning to the first calculation unit.
In an implementable manner, the equivalent thermal power determination module 4 further comprises:
and the proportion setting unit is used for setting the preset proportion to be 20%.
In one possible implementation, the inversion module 6 comprises:
the curve selection unit is used for extracting corresponding first target fitting curves from the first target fitting curves and classifying the corresponding first target fitting curves into a curve cluster to be fitted according to the partial discharge type in the second target fitting curve to be fitted;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the goodness of fit of the second target fitting curve to be fitted and each first target fitting curve in the curve cluster to be fitted;
and the inversion unit is used for taking a first target fitting curve corresponding to the maximum value of the goodness of fit in the to-be-fitted curve cluster as a correlation curve of the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve, and obtaining the radial position and the local discharge amount of the local discharge defect corresponding to the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve based on the correlation curve.
In one implementation, the apparatus further comprises:
the optical signal change data acquisition module is used for acquiring optical signal change data of the optical fiber unit under different equivalent thermal powers;
and the axial position determining module is used for analyzing the optical signal change data according to an optical time domain reflection principle and a Raman scattering effect and determining the axial position of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve.
The invention also provides a submarine cable local discharge quantity inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, which comprises:
a memory to store instructions; the instructions are used for realizing the submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to any one of the above embodiments;
a processor to execute the instructions in the memory.
The invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for inverting local discharge amount of a submarine cable based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to any one of the above embodiments is implemented.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses, modules and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and the specific beneficial effects of the above-described apparatuses, modules and units may refer to the corresponding beneficial effects in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of modules or components may be combined or integrated into another apparatus, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each of the modules may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode.
The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only memory (ROM), and various other media capable of storing program codes.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A submarine cable partial discharge quantity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring partial discharge test data; the local discharge test data comprise monitoring data of the circumferential surface and the axial temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath under different local discharge source parameters, and the local discharge source parameters comprise local discharge types, local discharge defect radial positions and local discharge amount;
analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different partial discharge source parameters;
constructing a submarine cable geometric simulation model; the submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises optical fiber units which are distributed in a submarine cable;
determining equivalent thermal power corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data;
constructing a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath along with the change of time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent thermal powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; the heat source parameters comprise a partial discharge type, a heat source position, equivalent thermal power and the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit;
and fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve, and inverting the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result.
2. The submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1, wherein the analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of submarine cable sheath surface temperature distribution characteristics changing with time under different partial discharge source parameters comprises:
constructing a first functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath and the local discharge amount and time of different local discharge types at the same radial position of the local discharge defect;
constructing a second functional relation fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath at the radial positions of different partial discharge defects of the same partial discharge type and the partial discharge amount and time;
and combining the first functional relation fitting curve and the second functional relation fitting curve to obtain the first target fitting curve.
3. The submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1, wherein the constructing of a submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises:
determining a simplified structural model of the submarine cable; the simplified structure model is obtained by simplifying the target structure of the submarine cable and the material properties of the corresponding area, wherein the target structure comprises the insulation structure of the submarine cable core, the protection structure of the submarine cable core and the structure of the optical fiber unit;
and according to the simplified structure model, obtaining a submarine cable geometric simulation model by using finite element simulation.
4. The submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1, wherein the determining equivalent thermal power corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data comprises:
a target partial discharge source is equivalent to a target heat source, evolution relation data of the maximum temperature and the time of the surface of the submarine cable sheath at a partial defect position corresponding to the target partial discharge source is obtained from the partial discharge test data, and the heating power range of the target heat source is determined according to the evolution relation data;
setting the step length of the thermal power change, and setting the environmental temperature and the boundary condition of the submarine cable by taking the lower limit of the heating power range of the target heat source as the initial thermal power value of the target heat source;
performing heat conduction calculation based on the current thermal power value of the target heat source to obtain optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions, and comparing the optical fiber surface temperature in the optical fiber surface temperature distribution characteristic data of different positions with the optical fiber unit surface temperature of the corresponding position actually measured by the optical fiber unit to obtain a relative error ratio;
judging whether the relative error proportion obtained at present is smaller than a preset proportion or not; if so, taking the current thermal power value of the target heat source as the equivalent thermal power corresponding to the target partial discharge source; if not, increasing the current thermal power value of the target heat source by the step length, and returning to the previous step.
5. The submarine cable local discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 4, wherein equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different local discharge sources are determined according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the local discharge test data, and the method further comprises:
the preset proportion is set to be 20%.
6. The submarine cable partial discharge amount inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1, wherein the fitting of each second target fitted curve and each first target fitted curve and the inversion of the partial discharge defect radial position and the partial discharge amount corresponding to each second target fitted curve according to the obtained fitting results comprises:
extracting corresponding first target fitting curves from each first target fitting curve and classifying the corresponding first target fitting curves into a curve cluster to be fitted according to the partial discharge type in the second target fitting curve to be fitted;
calculating the goodness of fit of the second target fitting curve to be fitted and each first target fitting curve in the cluster of the curves to be fitted;
and taking a first target fitting curve corresponding to the maximum value of the goodness of fit in the to-be-fitted curve cluster as a correlation curve of the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve, and obtaining the radial position and the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge defect corresponding to the to-be-fitted second target fitting curve based on the correlation curve.
7. The submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 6, wherein the method further comprises:
acquiring optical signal change data of the optical fiber unit under different equivalent thermal powers;
and analyzing the optical signal change data according to an optical time domain reflection principle and a Raman scattering effect, and determining the axial position of the partial discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve.
8. The utility model provides a submarine cable partial discharge volume inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement which characterized in that includes:
the test data acquisition module is used for acquiring partial discharge test data; the local discharge test data comprise monitoring data of the circumferential surface and the axial temperature distribution of the submarine cable sheath under different local discharge source parameters, and the local discharge source parameters comprise local discharge types, local discharge defect radial positions and local discharge amount;
the first curve construction module is used for analyzing the partial discharge test data to obtain a first target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristic of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different partial discharge source parameters;
the model building module is used for building a submarine cable geometric simulation model; the submarine cable geometric simulation model comprises optical fiber units which are distributed in a submarine cable;
the equivalent thermal power determining module is used for determining equivalent thermal powers corresponding to different partial discharge sources according to the submarine cable geometric simulation model and the partial discharge test data;
the second curve building module is used for building a second target fitting curve of the surface temperature distribution characteristics of the submarine cable sheath changing along with time under different heat source parameters based on the surface temperature distribution of the optical fiber units under different equivalent thermal powers and the simulation data of the submarine cable sheath temperature distribution characteristics; the heat source parameters comprise a partial discharge type, a heat source position, equivalent thermal power and the surface temperature of the optical fiber unit;
and the inversion module is used for fitting each second target fitting curve and each first target fitting curve and inverting the radial position and the local discharge amount of the local discharge defect corresponding to each second target fitting curve according to the obtained fitting result.
9. The utility model provides a submarine cable partial discharge volume inversion device based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement which characterized in that includes:
a memory to store instructions; the instructions are used for realizing the submarine cable partial discharge capacity inversion method based on distributed optical fiber thermometry according to any one of claims 1-7;
a processor to execute the instructions in the memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when being executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for inversion of local discharge of a submarine cable based on distributed optical fiber thermometry according to any one of claims 1-7.
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