CN115932318A - Method for measuring incoming flow wind speed of wind turbine - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the incoming flow wind speed of a wind turbine, which is characterized in that the wind speed at an impeller is deduced by measuring the pressure distribution of a cylindrical section of a blade root of a blade of the wind turbine, and then the incoming flow wind speed of the wind turbine is deduced by utilizing the wind speed at the impeller and an axial induction factor of the cylindrical section of the blade root. Compared with the existing wind measuring mode of arranging the anemoscope at the top of the nacelle, the wind measuring method has higher reliability because of no influence of the wake flow of the impeller, and can measure the wind speed of the incoming flow more accurately and reliably. In addition, when the wind meter is used for measuring wind, an additional wind measuring rotating part is not needed, so that the wind meter has higher reliability and longer service life. In addition, the invention has stronger system robustness during wind measurement, and can still normally carry out wind measurement even if a plurality of sensors have the problems of damage, sensor drift, accuracy reduction and the like, and the wind measurement accuracy reduction is limited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wind power, relates to a method for measuring the incoming flow speed of a wind turbine, has the advantages of high reliability, strong robustness and the like, and can accurately measure the incoming flow speed and direction of the wind turbine.
Background
The accurate measurement of the incoming wind speed of the wind turbine has important significance for the development and utilization of wind energy. For the control of the wind turbine generator in the operation process, the control is mainly based on the torque of an impeller of a wind turbine at present, and the wind speed is generally less directly applied to the control of the wind turbine generator due to lower measurement reliability. If the wind speed and the wind direction can be accurately measured, accurate control can be achieved for a single wind turbine generator and even for the wind turbines in the whole wind field, and for example, the accurate measurement of the wind speed can be used for accurately judging whether the wind turbine is stopped or stalled, and the like. On the other hand, the actual performance of the unit can be objectively and accurately evaluated only by accurately measuring the wind speed.
Currently, several main wind measuring methods in the wind power industry include a cup anemometer, an ultrasonic anemometer, a laser radar, and the like. In the prior art, as chinese patent nos. CN101389967B and CN101929426B and related patents, etc., a pressure sensor and an angle sensor are also installed on a nacelle or a nacelle of a wind turbine, so as to determine the incoming wind speed and the incoming wind direction of a wind turbine, but the relationship between the incoming wind speed and the surface pressure is too complex to establish, and the universality is also poor. The above-mentioned conventional techniques all have their respective drawbacks and disadvantages, such as: (1) For a wind cup type anemometer and an ultrasonic anemometer, the accuracy is low, and particularly for a downwind fan which is commonly used in the industry, as wind measuring equipment is usually arranged above a cabin, works in the wake range of an impeller and is directly influenced by wake flow, the anemometer is positioned in separated airflow with large fluctuation of flow velocity, the measurement result has great uncertainty and cannot truly reflect the condition of incoming flow, the measured wind velocity cannot be generally used for unit control and the like and is only used as reference. (2) To the means of measuring wind through installing pressure sensor and angle sensor etc. on wind turbine generator system's cabin or kuppe, receive the influence of appearance such as kuppe and cabin, mark comparatively complicated, lack the practicality. (3) For the use of the laser radar, although the wind speed and the wind direction can be measured more accurately, the cost is higher, the calibration is complex, and other anemometers are generally used after comparison and calibration; in addition, the service life of the laser light source is problematic, and the reliability and the accuracy of wind speed measurement can be influenced by factors such as weather environment (such as fog, rain and snow), and the like, such as too clean air or too many suspended matters.
Disclosure of Invention
Problem (A)
In view of the above-mentioned defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for measuring the incoming wind speed of a wind turbine, which is characterized in that the wind speed at the impeller is derived by measuring the pressure distribution of the cylindrical section of the blade root of the wind turbine blade, and then the incoming wind speed of the wind turbine is derived by using the wind speed at the impeller and the axial induction factor of the cylindrical section of the blade root. Compared with the prior art, the wind measuring method has higher reliability and robustness, and can more accurately and reliably measure the incoming flow wind speed.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for measuring the incoming flow wind speed of a wind turbine is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:
SS1, selecting a spread position on a cylindrical blade root section of the wind turbine blade, arranging a plurality of pressure sensors on the surface of the cylindrical blade root section along the circumferential direction at the spread position, marking the pressure sensors by 1, 2, 3, \ 8230, and N one by one, and marking the circumferential angle theta of each pressure sensor relative to the zero scale mark position of the blade 1 ,θ 2 ,θ 3 ,…,θ N And collecting pressure data p at the position of each pressure sensor by a data collecting device which is in communication connection with a plurality of pressure sensors 1 (θ 1 ),p 2 (θ 2 ),p 3 (θ 3 ),…,p N (θ N ) N is the number of pressure sensors;
SS2. According to the pressure distribution data p measured by the plurality of pressure sensors in the step SS1 on the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root 1 (θ 1 ),p 2 (θ 2 ),p 3 (θ 3 ),…,p N (θ N ) The relative incoming flow velocity V at the impeller is calculated as follows:
wherein K =0.5 ρ V 2 Is the kinetic energy of the incoming flow at the impeller,
for the impeller to oppose at the rootDirection angle, p, of the flow velocity V i The pressure data at the position of the ith pressure sensor is that Cp (theta) is the pressure coefficient distribution of the cylindrical surface along the circumference, the pressure coefficient distribution of the air flow flowing through the cylinder along the circumference under different incoming flow Reynolds numbers is obtained by a wind tunnel experiment,
deflecting the angle for an incoming flow->
Pressure coefficient at the subsequent ith pressure sensor location;
the formula (1) and the formula (2) are combined and solved by a numerical method to obtain K sum of incoming flow wind speed V at the impeller
Then using the formula K =0.5 ρ V 2 Calculating the incoming wind speed V and the incoming angle ^ at the impeller>
Wherein rho is the air density, the velocity V is orthogonally decomposed to obtain the incoming flow velocity at the impeller>
SS3, calculating the incoming flow wind speed U at the impeller by using the step SS2 D And deducing and calculating the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine according to the axial induction factor a value of the cylindrical section of the blade root ∞ 。
Preferably, in step SS1, the plurality of pressure sensors are arranged circumferentially uniformly on the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root.
Preferably, in step SS1, the pressure sensors perform encryption processing within a range from near a zero graduation mark (i.e. zero pitch angle) of a blade of the cylindrical segment of the blade root to 90 degrees clockwise along the circumferential direction, and when the unit is in normal operation, the local relative incoming flow stagnation point of the cylindrical segment is usually within the range in consideration of incoming flow wind and impeller rotation; when the unit stops, the stagnation point of the incoming flow is near the zero line of the blade. This allows the pressure sensors to be arranged as much as possible in the laminar flow region around the cylindrical section (typically within plus or minus 60 degrees of stagnation point, with Cp being uncorrelated with the reynolds number over a wide range of reynolds numbers), while other circumferential locations may be sparsely arranged with a suitably reduced number of arrangements.
Preferably, in step SS1, the plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the spanwise position of the cylindrical section of the blade root, preferably near the middle of the cylindrical section, so as to reduce the aerodynamic impact of the hub and of the airfoil inside the blade.
Preferably, in step SS2, first, a pressure coefficient distribution function Cp = Cp (θ) of the cylindrical surface along the circumference under the condition of cylindrical streaming is obtained based on wind tunnel experiment data; secondly, according to the deviation angle of the actual incoming flow relative to the wind tunnel test air flow
Obtaining the pressure coefficient distribution function of the cylinder surface along the circumference under the actual inflow condition
Preferably, in step SS2, formula (1) and formula (2) are obtained by using a least square method, specifically:
first, pressure data p of each pressure sensor is used 1 (θ 1 ),p 2 (θ 2 ),p 3 (θ 3 ),…,p N (θ N ) The following calculation of variance and S is constructed:
then, K and K are respectively obtained
So that the variance and the value of S are minimized, one can obtain:
and finally, finishing the two calculation formulas to obtain a formula (1) and a formula (2) respectively.
Preferably, in step SS3, the incoming flow speed U at the impeller is utilized D And the axial induction factor a value of the cylindrical section of the blade root according to the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine ∞ The wind speed U of the incoming flow at the impeller D The relation between U D ＝U ∞ (1-alpha) calculating the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine ∞ 。
Furthermore, the value range of the axial induction factor a of the cylindrical section of the blade root is 0.04-0.08.
Further, the accurate value of the axial induction factor a of the cylindrical section of the blade root is obtained through theoretical analysis and calculation, wind tunnel experiment or unit field test and calibration.
The invention relates to a method for measuring the incoming flow wind speed of a wind turbine, which has the working principle that:
for a wind turbine impeller, based on a momentum phyllotoxin theory, an axial induction factor a is mainly influenced by a lift-drag ratio coefficient Cn of an airfoil profile at each section of a wind turbine blade in a span-wise manner, namely the lift coefficient Cl and the drag coefficient Cd at the local position of the blade section. The lift coefficient Cl and the drag coefficient Cd can be obtained from a wind tunnel test, but in the running process of the wind turbine generator, the actual values of relevant performance parameters at the airfoil sections of the blades are often inconsistent with the wind tunnel test result, the values of Cl and Cd are greatly changed compared with the wind tunnel test result due to factors such as pollution and damage on the surfaces of the blades in the actual environment, and the values of the axial induction factor a are greatly uncertain, particularly change along with time and the external environment, so that the calibration is difficult.
In contrast, the root of a wind turbine blade is usually a standard cylindrical section due to the structural design, the length of the root is usually 1 meter to 3 meters long, and the lift coefficient value of the root is very stable, that is, the lift coefficient Cl =0 and the drag coefficient of the root cylindrical section are very stableCd is related to the incoming flow Reynolds number Re. For wind power blades with larger structural size, the local Reynolds is usually above 1.0E6 during operation, and the drag coefficient Cd is basically maintained at about 0.35. Therefore, the pressure distribution of the cylindrical surface of the wind turbine blade root at the cylinder can be measured to obtain the relative incoming flow wind speed V and the local inflow angle at the blade root
Then decomposing to obtain the axial wind speed at the impeller>
Finally, calculating the wind speed U of the incoming flow of the wind turbine through the calculated or calibrated axial induction factor a value ∞ ＝U D /(1-a)。
(III) technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the method for measuring the wind speed of the wind turbine incoming flow is characterized in that the wind speed at the impeller is obtained by deduction through measuring the pressure distribution at a certain section of the cylindrical section of the blade root of the wind turbine blade, and then the wind speed of the wind turbine incoming flow is obtained by deduction through the wind speed at the impeller and the axial induction factor of the cylindrical section of the blade root. Compared with the existing wind measuring mode of arranging the anemoscope at the top of the nacelle, the wind measuring method has higher reliability because of no influence of the wake flow of the impeller, and can measure the wind speed of the incoming flow more accurately and reliably. In addition, when the wind meter is used for measuring wind, an additional wind measuring rotating part is not needed, so that the wind meter has higher reliability and longer service life. In addition, the invention has stronger system robustness during wind measurement, and can still normally carry out wind measurement even if a plurality of sensors have the problems of damage, sensor drift, accuracy reduction and the like, and the wind measurement accuracy reduction is limited.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement structure of pressure sensors on the surface of a cylindrical section of a blade root.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of pressure sensors uniformly arranged on the surface of a cylindrical section of a blade root along the circumferential direction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the pressure sensors arranged in a partially encrypted manner on the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating circumferential pressure coefficient distribution of airflow after flowing through a cylinder under different incoming flow Reynolds numbers in a wind tunnel experiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the pressure distribution of the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root measured by the pressure sensor.
Fig. 6 is a graph obtained by fitting pressure sensor test values by the least square method.
Description of the reference numerals:
10-cylindrical section of blade root, 11-zero scale mark of blade, and 20-pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, the following further description is provided, taken in conjunction with the accompanying examples, so that the advantages and features of the invention will be more readily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention encompass such modifications and variations within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
For a horizontal axis upwind fan, the profile of the horizontal axis upwind fan mainly comprises blades, a flow guide cover, a cabin and a tower. The blades are the main pneumatic components and are important components for converting wind energy into electric energy. For an already installed fan, the incoming wind speed determines the pressure of the surfaces of these profiles; on the other hand, the pressure at the surface can be used to deduce the incoming flow. Since most parts of the wind turbine are in non-standard shapes, such as the main body parts of the guide cover and the blades, the pressure distribution of the appearance is mostly not fixed, and each condition needs to be tested or calculated independently; although the tower has a simple shape, the upwind fan is affected by the impeller, and the condition is complicated, so that it is not practical to obtain the incoming wind speed from the surface pressure distribution of the upwind fan and the upwind fan. To sum up, the most regular shaped part on the blade is selected: namely the cylindrical section of the blade root, and the incoming flow wind speed is deduced by measuring the surface pressure distribution of the cylindrical section. There are many classical and reliable wind tunnel test data for reference in the surface pressure distribution of a cylinder, as shown in FIG. 4.
The embodiment can be implemented by selecting the cylindrical blade root section of three or one of the blades. Due to the non-uniformity of the incoming flow, the implementation effect of the multiple blades is better, particularly for the case of yaw, and the windmetering deviation caused by the yaw can be partially eliminated by windmetering on the surfaces of the roots of the three blades.
The invention provides a method for measuring the incoming flow speed of a wind turbine for improving the wind measuring accuracy, which is implemented mainly in the following way and at least comprises the following main implementation steps:
SS1. Selecting a spread position on a blade root cylindrical section 10 of a wind turbine blade, arranging a plurality of pressure sensors 20 (shown in figures 1-3) on the surface of the blade root cylindrical section 10 along the circumferential direction at the spread position, marking the pressure sensors 20 by numbers 1, 2, 3, 823030N, and marking the circumferential angle theta of each pressure sensor 20 relative to the position of a blade zero scale mark 11 1 ,θ 2 ,θ 3 ,…,θ N And collecting pressure data p at the position of each pressure sensor 20 by a data collecting device in communication with the plurality of pressure sensors 20 1 (θ 1 ),p 2 (θ 2 ),p 3 (θ 3 ),…,p N (θ N ) And N is the number of pressure sensors 20.
In this step, a plurality of pressure sensors 20 may be arranged on the surface of the root cylindrical section 10 in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner, as shown in fig. 2. As a more preferable example, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of pressure sensors 20 perform encryption processing within a range from about the blade zero graduation mark 11 (i.e. zero pitch angle) of the blade root cylindrical segment 10 to 90 degrees clockwise along the circumferential direction, and when the unit is in normal operation, the local relative inflow stagnation point of the cylindrical segment is usually within this range in consideration of the inflow wind and the rotation of the impeller; when the unit stops, the stagnation point of the incoming flow is near the zero line of the blade. This allows the pressure sensor to be arranged as much as possible within the laminar flow region of the cylindrical segment flow around, typically within plus or minus 60 degrees of stagnation point, while other circumferential positions may be sparsely arranged with a suitably reduced number of arrangements. As shown in the results of the pressure coefficient Cp of the wind tunnel test in FIG. 4, in a wide range of Reynolds numbers, at least in the range of 6.7E5-8.4E6, cp in a large area is irrelevant to the Reynolds number, and the local incoming wind speed and wind direction can be calculated by mainly utilizing the pressure distribution of the part under the condition of no more wind tunnel test data. On the other hand, for the pressure sensor located in the separation area, the fluctuation frequency f can be analyzed, and then the reliability of the incoming flow wind speed can be preliminarily estimated through the stroreh number Sr = fd/V of the cylinder (for the cylindrical streaming, sr =0.21, d is the diameter of the cylinder of the blade root) or the reliability of the wind speed calculated later can be verified or checked.
In addition, it should be noted that, as for the installation mode of the sensor, the sensor can be directly installed on the surface of the blade, or can be installed on a section of ring and then installed on the blade root, and the effect is equivalent. A plurality of pressure sensors 20 are preferably arranged near the middle of the cylindrical section of the blade root 10 in the spanwise position thereof, so as to reduce the aerodynamic influence of the hub and of the airfoil inside the blade. Similar methods can be implemented in other non-root cylindrical areas, but more complicated and more Cp calibration tests are required, and the influence of roughening of the blade surface on the surface pressure is considered after actual voyage; meanwhile, if the blade root area is far away, power supply, data transmission and lightning protection are difficult to achieve in different degrees.
As shown in fig. 5, a series of pressure distributions on the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root are obtained by the pressure sensor test. Then, the local inflow velocity V and the local inflow angle at the blade root are required to be obtained
Theoretically, p = K Cp, but because of the discreteness of the test data, the pressure profile p measured by the sensor is linked to the cylindrical Cp profile by means of the least-squares method, i.e. K and ^ are sought>
The value of the sum of variance S is minimized:
at this time:
the nature of the S value is a measure characterizing the difference between the tested p and the theoretical K · Cp, which when minimized is considered the closest fit.
From the above formula, it can be obtained:
wherein K =0.5 ρ V 2 Is the kinetic energy of the incoming flow at the impeller,
the direction angle, p, of the impeller at the blade root relative to the incoming wind speed V i The pressure data at the position of the ith pressure sensor is shown in FIG. 4, and the Cp (theta) is the pressure coefficient distribution of the cylindrical surface along the circumferential direction, and the pressure coefficient distribution of the airflow flowing through the cylinder along the circumferential direction under different incoming flow Reynolds numbers is obtained through a wind tunnel experiment and is the classical experimental data published in a public way; />
Deflecting the angle for an incoming flow->
Pressure coefficient at the ith subsequent pressure sensor location.
The formula (1) and the formula (2) are combined and solved by a numerical method to obtain the incoming flow wind speed U at the impeller D K and
then using the formula K =0.5 ρ V 2 Calculating the incoming flow wind speed V and the incoming flow angle->
Wherein rho is the air density, and finally the axial inflow wind speed and the judgment result are obtained by orthogonally decomposing the speed V>
In this step, first, a pressure coefficient distribution function Cp = Cp (θ) of the cylindrical surface along the circumference under the condition of cylindrical streaming is obtained based on the wind tunnel experiment data shown in fig. 4; secondly, according to the deviation angle between the actual incoming flow and the wind tunnel test flow
Obtaining the pressure coefficient distribution function of the cylinder surface along the circumference under the actual inflow condition
In this step, the formula (1) and the formula (2) are obtained by using a least square method:
first, pressure data p of each pressure sensor is used 1 (θ 1 ),p 2 (θ 2 ),p 3 (θ 3 ),…,p N (θ N ) The following calculation of variance and S is constructed:
and finally, finishing the two calculation formulas to obtain a formula (1) and a formula (2) respectively. As shown in the figureThe fitted graph obtained by the least squares method, shown at 6, correspondingly yields V =6.7m/s,
axial inflow wind speed
SS3, calculating the incoming flow wind speed U at the impeller by using the step SS2 D And deducing and calculating the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine according to the axial induction factor a value of the cylindrical section of the blade root ∞ . In this step, the incoming flow speed U at the impeller is utilized D And the axial induction factor a value of the cylindrical section of the blade root according to the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine ∞ The wind speed U of the incoming flow at the impeller D The relation between U and D ＝U ∞ (1-a), calculating the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine ∞ . As a preferred example, the axial induction factor a of the cylindrical section of the blade root has a value generally ranging from 0.04 to 0.08. The axial induction factor a of the cylindrical section of the blade root can also be obtained by theoretical analysis and calculation, wind tunnel experiment or unit field test calibration. In this example, if the value a calculated by CFD is 0.05, U ∞ ＝U D /(1-a)＝5.2m/s。
The object of the present invention is fully effectively achieved by the above embodiments. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, the characteristics and the principle of the invention which are described in the patent conception of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring the incoming flow wind speed of a wind turbine is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:
SS1. Selecting a spanwise position in the cylindrical section of the blade root of the wind turbine blade, and displaying the cylindrical section of the blade root at the spanwise position along the circumferential directionArranging a plurality of pressure sensors on the surface, and carrying out the reference numbers 1, 2, 3, \ 8230;, N on each pressure sensor one by one, and marking the circumferential angle theta of each pressure sensor relative to the zero graduation line position of the blade 1 ，θ 2 ，θ 3 ，…，θ N And collecting pressure data p at the position of each pressure sensor by a data collecting device which is in communication connection with a plurality of pressure sensors 1 (θ 1 )，p 2 (θ 2 )，p 3 (θ 3 )，…，P N (θ N ) N is the number of pressure sensors;
SS2. According to the pressure distribution data p measured by the plurality of pressure sensors in the step SS1 at the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root 1 (θ 1 )，p 2 (θ 2 )，p 3 (θ 3 )，…，p N (θ N ) The relative incoming flow velocity V at the impeller is calculated as follows:
wherein K =0.5 ρ V 2 Is the kinetic energy of the incoming flow at the impeller,
direction angle p of relative incoming wind speed V of impeller at blade root i Is the pressure data at the location of the i-th pressure sensor, cp being the pressure coefficient, is greater than or equal to>
The pressure coefficient distribution of the circumferential pressure coefficient of the air flow flowing through the cylinder under different incoming flow Reynolds numbers is obtained by a wind tunnel experiment;
the formula (1) and the formula (2) are combined and solved by a numerical method to obtain the impellerK at incoming flow wind speed V and
then using the formula K =0.5 ρ V 2 Calculating a speed value V of the incoming flow wind speed at the impeller, wherein rho is the air density, and finally obtaining the incoming flow wind speed ^ greater than or equal to the impeller position by orthogonally decomposing the speed V>
SS3, calculating the incoming flow wind speed U at the impeller by using the step SS2 D And deducing and calculating the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine according to the axial induction factor a value of the cylindrical section of the blade root ∞ 。
2. The method for measuring the wind speed of an incoming wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in step SS1, the plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly arranged on the surface of the cylindrical section of the blade root along the circumferential direction.
3. The method for measuring the wind speed coming from the wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step SS1, the plurality of pressure sensors are encrypted from the vicinity of the zero graduation line of the cylindrical section of the blade root to 90 degrees clockwise along the circumferential direction, so that the pressure sensors are arranged in the laminar flow or attached flow area of the cylindrical section circumfluence as much as possible, and the arrangement number of other circumferential positions can be reduced as much as possible and arranged sparsely.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step SS1, the plurality of pressure sensors are preferably arranged near the middle of the cylindrical section at the extended position of the cylindrical section of the blade root, so as to reduce aerodynamic influence of the hub and the inner airfoil of the blade.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step SS2, the surface of the cylinder under the condition of the cylindrical circumfluence is obtained based on the wind tunnel experiment dataA circumferential pressure coefficient distribution function Cp = Cp (θ); secondly, according to the deviation angle of the actual incoming flow relative to the wind tunnel test air flow
Obtaining a circumferential pressure coefficient distribution function->
/>
6. The method for measuring the wind speed of the wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the step SS2, the formula (1) and the formula (2) are obtained by using a least square method, specifically:
first, pressure data p of each pressure sensor is used 1 (θ 1 )，p 2 (θ 2 )，p 3 (θ 3 )，…，p N (θ N ) The following calculation of variance and S is constructed:
then, K and K are respectively obtained
So that the variance and the value of S are minimized, one can obtain:
and finally, finishing the two calculation formulas to obtain a formula (1) and a formula (2) respectively.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step SS3, the incoming wind speed U at the impeller is used D And the axial induction factor a value of the cylindrical section of the blade root according to the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine ∞ The wind speed U of the incoming flow at the impeller D The relation between U and D ＝U ∞ (1-a), calculating the incoming flow wind speed U of the wind turbine ∞ 。
8. The method for measuring the wind turbine inflow wind speed according to claim 7, wherein the axial induction factor a of the cylindrical section of the blade root ranges from 0.04 to 0.08.
9. The method for measuring the wind speed of the wind turbine according to claim 7, wherein the axial induction factor a of the cylindrical section of the blade root is obtained by theoretical analysis calculation, wind tunnel experiment or unit field test calibration.
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