CN115931097A - Railway vehicle overload and unbalance load detection device and method thereof - Google Patents
Railway vehicle overload and unbalance load detection device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115931097A CN115931097A CN202211604065.8A CN202211604065A CN115931097A CN 115931097 A CN115931097 A CN 115931097A CN 202211604065 A CN202211604065 A CN 202211604065A CN 115931097 A CN115931097 A CN 115931097A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure detection, in particular to a railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device and a method thereof, wherein the railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device comprises a detection body and a supporting and positioning mechanism, the detection body is arranged between two adjacent sleepers and comprises pressure sensors, the two pressure sensors are arranged close to two end parts of the detection body, the pressure sensors are arranged corresponding to rails on the sleepers one by one, and the detection body is fixedly connected with the rails on the top of the detection body; the supporting and positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rail, are in threaded connection with the two detection bodies and are connected with the sleepers at corresponding positions through fasteners; when the railway sleeper cleaning device is installed, the original railway sleeper does not need to be detached, the stone filler between two adjacent sleepers can be directly removed, and then the detection body is installed in the cleaning space between two adjacent sleepers, so that the working strength of the installation of the detection body is greatly reduced, and the installation efficiency of the railway sleeper cleaning device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure detection, in particular to a railway vehicle overload and unbalance load detection device and a method thereof.
Background
Railroads are used for long distance transportation and have been rapidly developed due to their high speed and low price. When the train is in an overload or unbalance loading state, traffic accidents are easily caused, and loss of life and property is easily caused. At present, the overload and unbalance loading detection of the vehicles on the railway still adopts a parking detection mode, and the detection mode is troublesome and relatively lags behind.
The Chinese patent application with publication number CN106441532A discloses a railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device and method, which comprises a substrate and two pressure sensors fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the substrate and respectively adjacent to two end parts of the substrate, wherein each pressure sensor comprises a rectangular base body, blind holes are formed in the front end surface and the rear end surface of the base body, which are opposite, the blind holes in the two end surfaces are coaxially and oppositely arranged, resistance strain gauges are arranged in the blind holes, and the part where the blind holes of the base body are located is of an I-beam structure. The invention adopts the pressure sensor to detect the stress condition of the wheels on each axle of the railway vehicle, and then analyzes the stress condition of the wheels on two adjacent axles to obtain the result of whether the railway vehicle is overloaded or unbalanced, and has high detection precision and accurate detection result.
However, when the overload and unbalance load detection device is used, the sleeper on the railway needs to be removed, and then the overload and unbalance load detection device is installed at the position of the original sleeper, so that the working strength of the installation of the overload and unbalance load detection device is increased, and the overload and unbalance load detection device is fixed on the rail only in a welding mode, so that the overload and unbalance load detection device is prone to be deviated under the action of long-time pressure, and the detection accuracy of the overload and unbalance load detection device is further reduced. Therefore, we provide a railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device and method thereof to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a railway vehicle overload and unbalanced load detection device and a method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing overload and unbalanced load detection device needs to remove sleepers on a railway when in use, the installation working strength of the overload and unbalanced load detection device is increased, and the overload and unbalanced load detection device is fixed on a rail only in a welding mode, so that the overload and unbalanced load detection device is easily deviated under the action of long-time pressure, and the detection accuracy of the overload and unbalanced load detection device is further reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a railway vehicle overload and unbalanced load detection device, which comprises a detection body and a supporting and positioning mechanism, wherein the detection body is arranged between two adjacent sleepers, and the two detection bodies are symmetrically arranged relative to the sleepers; the detection body comprises pressure sensors, the two pressure sensors are arranged close to two end parts of the detection body, the pressure sensors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rails on the sleepers, and the detection body is fixedly connected with the rails on the top of the detection body; the supporting and positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rail, the supporting and positioning mechanisms are in threaded connection with the two detection bodies, and the supporting and positioning mechanisms are connected with sleepers at corresponding positions through fasteners.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the detection body further includes a substrate and a mounting recess, the substrate is used for being mounted between two adjacent sleepers; the mounting notches are arranged on the upper surface of the substrate and close to the two end parts of the substrate, and the pressure sensors are fixedly mounted in the corresponding mounting notches; the two ends of the base plate are fixedly connected with connecting seats, and first threaded shafts are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the connecting seats.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the pressure sensor comprises a rectangular base body, a resistance strain gauge and a stress trigger piece, wherein the rectangular base body is fixedly installed in a corresponding installation notch; the resistance strain gauges are arranged in four blind holes in the rectangular substrate, and four circumferentially arranged resistance strain gauges are connected to form a working bridge; the stress trigger piece is arranged in the mounting hole in the rectangular base body, and when the wheel moving on the rail presses the stress trigger piece, the pressure sensor detects the pressure on the wheel.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the supporting and positioning mechanism includes a supporting steel plate and an internal thread positioning pipe, wherein both ends of the supporting steel plate are fixedly connected with internal thread seats, the bottom of each internal thread seat is fixedly connected with a first positioning seat, and the first positioning seats are used for being supported on corresponding sleepers; a fastener mounting hole is formed in the first positioning seat, and a fastener for fixing the first positioning seat on a corresponding sleeper is mounted in the fastener mounting hole; the internal thread positioning pipe is in thread fit with the internal thread seat.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the supporting and positioning mechanism further includes a fixed steel seat and a second threaded shaft, the fixed steel seat is fixedly connected to the supporting steel plate, a second positioning seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed steel seat, and the second positioning seat is used for supporting on a corresponding sleeper; the second threaded shaft is symmetrically fixed on two opposite side walls of the fixed steel seat, a positioning sleeve is in sliding fit with the second threaded shaft, and an adjusting ring in threaded fit with the second threaded shaft is fixed at one end of the positioning sleeve; the internal thread positioning pipe is in threaded fit with the corresponding first threaded shaft, and the positioning sleeve is in sliding fit with the corresponding first threaded shaft.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the railway sleeper cleaning device is installed, the original railway sleeper does not need to be detached, the stone filler between two adjacent sleepers can be directly removed, and then the detection body is installed in the cleaning space between two adjacent sleepers, so that the working strength of the installation of the detection body is greatly reduced, and the installation efficiency of the railway sleeper cleaning device is improved.
2. According to the invention, after the detection bodies are arranged in the cleaning space between two adjacent sleepers, the support positioning mechanism is used for mounting and fixing the detection bodies on the sleepers and realizing positioning and fixing of the two detection bodies, so that the two detection bodies are stably supported on the original sleepers, the support strength of the two detection bodies can be greatly increased through the fillers at the bottoms of the two detection bodies and the support positioning mechanism, the deviation of the detection bodies under the action of long-time pressure can be effectively avoided, and the detection accuracy of the invention is favorably improved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the installation position structure of the detecting device for overload and unbalance loading of railway vehicles of the present invention with respect to the roadbed and the rails.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the structure of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection body.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the structure of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the supporting and positioning mechanism.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the structure of fig. 6.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-piece half-bridge type resistance strain gauge of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the working bridge of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-detection body, 11-pressure sensor, 111-rectangular base body, 112-stress trigger piece, 12-base plate, 13-installation notch, 14-connecting seat, 15-first threaded shaft, 2-sleeper, 3-rail, 4-supporting and positioning mechanism, 41-supporting steel plate, 42-threaded seat, 43-first positioning seat, 44-fastener installation opening, 45-internal thread positioning pipe, 46-fixed steel seat, 47-second positioning seat, 48-second threaded shaft, 49-positioning sleeve, 410-adjusting ring and 5-roadbed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention is a railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device, comprising:
the detection device comprises detection bodies 1, wherein the detection bodies 1 are arranged between two adjacent sleepers 2, and the two detection bodies 1 are symmetrically arranged around the sleepers 2; three adjacent sleepers 2 on a section of leveling railway are selected, the stone fillers between the first sleeper 2 and the second sleeper 2 are cleaned out and the roadbed 5 is leveled, meanwhile, the stone fillers between the second sleeper 2 and the third sleeper 2 are cleaned out and the roadbed 5 is leveled, then a detection body 1 is stably placed in a cleaning space between the first sleeper 2 and the second sleeper 2, and another detection body 1 is stably placed in a cleaning space between the second sleeper 2 and the third sleeper 2.
The detection body 1 comprises pressure sensors 11, the two pressure sensors 11 are arranged close to two end parts of the detection body 1, the pressure sensors 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rails 3 on the sleepers 2, the detection body 1 is fixedly connected with the rails 3 on the top of the detection body, after the detection body 1 is stably placed in a cleaning space between the two adjacent sleepers 2, the removed rails 3 are welded to the original rails 3 again, and then the removed rails 3 are welded to the upper surface of the detection body 1 in a welding mode, so that the stable connection between the detection body 1 and a railway is realized; and
As shown in fig. 3, the rail 3 presses on the stressed trigger 112 of the pressure sensor 11 of the detection body 1, each pressure sensor 11 detects only one wheel, and the measurement range of the pressure sensor is 30t (the maximum pressure value is greater than 40 t), one detection body 1 includes two pressure sensors 11 (detects one axle, namely two wheels), so that the total measurement range of each axle is 60t, namely 30t +30t (the maximum pressure value is greater than 80 t), the two detection bodies 1 can detect a pressure value of 120t, and the maximum detection pressure value is 160t.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the detection body 1 further includes a base plate 12 and a mounting recess 13, the base plate 12 is used for being mounted between two adjacent sleepers 2; the mounting notches 13 are arranged on the upper surface of the substrate 12 near the two end parts of the substrate, and the pressure sensors 11 are fixedly mounted in the corresponding mounting notches 13; connecting seats 14 are fixedly connected to two end portions of the base plate 12, and first threaded shafts 15 are fixedly connected to two opposite side walls of the connecting seats 14.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure sensor 11 includes:
and the rectangular base body 111 is fixedly arranged in the corresponding mounting notch 13.
The resistance strain gauge is arranged in four blind holes in the rectangular base body 111, two half-bridge type resistance strain gauges (shown in figure 8) are selected as the resistance strain gauges, two resistance strain gauges in one half-bridge type resistance strain gauge are respectively installed in two coaxial blind holes, two I-beam structures are formed in four blind hole parts of the rectangular base body 111, and four resistance strain gauges which are annularly arranged are connected to form a working bridge.
The forced trigger part 112 is installed in the installation hole on the rectangular base 111, and when the wheel moving on the rail 3 presses the forced trigger part 112, the pressure sensor 11 realizes the pressure detection on the wheel.
Referring to fig. 8, the pressure sensor 11 is similar to a general strain gauge sensor in basic principle, but the present invention employs two resistance strain gauges with dual strain gauges, which are adhered to two sides of the force-receiving trigger 112. Referring to fig. 9, when the pressure sensor 11 works, R1 in the strain gauge is subjected to positive shear force, and R2 is also subjected to negative shear force, while R3 in the other dual strain gauge is subjected to positive shear force, and R4 is subjected to negative shear force, so that a working bridge is formed as shown in fig. 9. R is the strain gauge impedance, and the pressure sensor 11 will deform when subjected to an external force, causing the strain gauge impedance clinging to the inner wall of the pressure sensor 11 to increase or decrease linearly.
When the pressure sensor 11 is subjected to external force pressure, the measured physical quantity thereof can generate deformation (strain) on the object, and the original shape and size can be recovered after the external force is removed, that is, the deformation is elastic deformation. When the pressure sensor 11 is deformed by pressure, the internal strain gauge changes, and a corresponding pressure signal is output.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the supporting and positioning mechanism 4 includes a supporting steel plate 41 and an internal thread positioning tube 45, wherein both ends of the supporting steel plate 41 are fixedly connected with an internal thread seat 42, the bottom of the internal thread seat 42 is fixedly connected with a first positioning seat 43, and the first positioning seat 43 is used for supporting on the corresponding sleeper 2; a fastener mounting hole 44 is formed in the first positioning seat 43, and a fastener for fixing the first positioning seat on the corresponding sleeper 2 is mounted in the fastener mounting hole 44; the internal thread positioning tube 45 is in threaded fit with the internal thread seat 42.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the supporting and positioning mechanism 4 further includes a fixing steel seat 46 and a second threaded shaft 48, the fixing steel seat 46 is fixedly connected to the supporting steel plate 41, a second positioning seat 47 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing steel seat 46, and the second positioning seat 47 is used for supporting on the corresponding sleeper 2.
The second threaded shaft 48 is symmetrically fixed on two opposite side walls of the fixed steel seat 46, a positioning sleeve 49 is in sliding fit on the second threaded shaft 48, and an adjusting ring 410 in threaded fit with the second threaded shaft 48 is fixed at one end of the positioning sleeve 49; the internal thread positioning pipe 45 is in threaded fit with the corresponding first threaded shaft 15, and the positioning sleeve 49 is in sliding fit with the corresponding first threaded shaft 15; through rotating the adjustable ring 410, can realize that the position sleeve 49 is sliding fit gradually to the first threaded shaft 15 of detecting body 1 on, the rethread rotates the swiveling wheel on the internal thread registration arm 45 tip for internal thread registration arm 45 threaded connection gradually is to the first threaded shaft 15 of detecting body 1 on, realizes two supporting positioning mechanism 4 that detect body 1 firm connection to set up relatively from this.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the detection method of the railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a relatively flat roadbed 5 on a railway, intercepting rails 3 between three adjacent sleepers 2, and removing stone fillers between every two adjacent sleepers 2;
s2, placing the detection bodies 1 to positions between two adjacent sleepers 2 with the cut rails 3 removed, removing stone fillers, realizing the installation of the two adjacent detection bodies 1 in the same installation mode, positioning and fixing the two supporting and positioning mechanisms 4 on the sleepers 2 to realize the positioning and supporting of the two detection bodies 1, then re-welding the cut rails 3 on the original rails 3, and welding the base plates 12 of the detection bodies 1 on the cut rails 3, so that the cut rails 3 are positioned on the stress triggering pieces 112 of the pressure sensors 11 of the two detection bodies 1 to form a stress whole;
s3, stress conditions of four wheels on two adjacent axles are respectively detected through four pressure sensors 11 on two detection bodies 1, stress information is transmitted to a single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer analyzes four collected pressure values;
s4, when the collected pressure value is larger than the set pressure value, the railway vehicle is in an overload state; when any collected pressure value exceeds a set pressure value and the difference value between any collected pressure value and any other pressure value is larger than a set difference value, the railway vehicle is in an unbalance loading state; and when the collected pressure values are all smaller than or equal to the set pressure value and the difference value between any two collected pressure values is smaller than the set difference value, the railway vehicle is in a normal loading state.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device is characterized by comprising:
the detection body is arranged between two adjacent sleepers, and the two detection bodies are symmetrically arranged relative to the sleepers;
the detection body comprises pressure sensors, the two pressure sensors are arranged close to two end parts of the detection body, the pressure sensors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rails on the sleepers, and the detection body is fixedly connected with the rails on the top of the detection body; and
the supporting and positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rail, the supporting and positioning mechanisms are in threaded connection with the two detection bodies, and the supporting and positioning mechanisms are connected with sleepers at corresponding positions through fasteners.
2. The railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device according to claim 1, wherein the detection body further includes:
the base plate is used for being installed between two adjacent sleepers; and
and the mounting notches are arranged on the upper surface of the substrate close to the two end parts of the substrate, and the pressure sensors are fixedly mounted in the corresponding mounting notches.
3. A railway vehicle overload and unbalance load detection device according to claim 2, wherein connection bases are fixedly connected to both end portions of the base plate, and first threaded shafts are fixedly connected to both opposite side walls of the connection bases.
4. The railway vehicle overload and unbalance detection device according to claim 2, wherein the pressure sensor includes:
the rectangular base bodies are fixedly installed in the corresponding installation notches;
the resistance strain gauges are arranged in four blind holes in the rectangular substrate, and four circumferentially arranged resistance strain gauges are connected to form a working bridge; and
and the stress trigger piece is arranged in the mounting hole on the rectangular base body, and when the wheel moving on the rail presses the stress trigger piece, the pressure sensor realizes the pressure detection on the wheel.
5. A railway vehicle overload and unbalance detection device according to claim 3, wherein the support positioning mechanism includes:
the two ends of the supporting steel plate are fixedly connected with internal thread seats, the bottom of each internal thread seat is fixedly connected with a first positioning seat, and the first positioning seats are used for being supported on corresponding sleepers; a fastener mounting hole is formed in the first positioning seat, and a fastener for fixing the first positioning seat on a corresponding sleeper is mounted in the fastener mounting hole; and
the internal thread positioning pipe is in threaded fit with the internal thread seat.
6. The railway vehicle overload and unbalance loading detection device according to claim 5, wherein the support positioning mechanism further comprises:
the fixing steel seat is fixedly connected to the supporting steel plate, a second positioning seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing steel seat, and the second positioning seat is used for being supported on a corresponding sleeper; and
the second threaded shaft is symmetrically fixed on two opposite side walls of the fixed steel seat, a positioning sleeve is arranged on the second threaded shaft in a sliding fit mode, and an adjusting ring in threaded fit with the second threaded shaft is fixed to one end of the positioning sleeve.
7. A rolling stock overload and unbalance loading detection apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the internally threaded positioning tube is threadedly engaged with the corresponding first threaded shaft, and the positioning sleeve is slidably engaged with the corresponding first threaded shaft.
8. The detection method of the railway vehicle overload and unbalanced load detection device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a relatively flat roadbed on a railway, intercepting rails between three adjacent sleepers, and removing stone fillers between every two adjacent sleepers;
s2, placing the detection bodies to positions between two adjacent sleepers for cutting off the rails to remove stone fillers, installing the two adjacent detection bodies in the same installation mode, positioning and fixing the two supporting and positioning mechanisms to the sleepers to realize positioning and supporting of the two detection bodies, welding the cut-off rails to the original rails again, welding the base plates of the detection bodies to the cut-off rails, and enabling the cut-off rails to be located on stress triggering parts of the pressure sensors of the two detection bodies to form a stress whole;
s3, stress conditions of four wheels on two adjacent axles are respectively detected through four pressure sensors on the two detection bodies, stress information is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer analyzes the four collected pressure values;
s4, when the collected pressure value is larger than the set pressure value, the railway vehicle is in an overload state; when any collected pressure value exceeds a set pressure value and the difference value between any collected pressure value and any other pressure value is larger than a set difference value, the railway vehicle is in an unbalance loading state; and when the collected pressure values are all smaller than or equal to the set pressure value and the difference value between any two collected pressure values is smaller than the set difference value, the railway vehicle is in a normal loading state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211604065.8A CN115931097A (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Railway vehicle overload and unbalance load detection device and method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211604065.8A CN115931097A (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Railway vehicle overload and unbalance load detection device and method thereof |
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| CN115931097A true CN115931097A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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