CN115929288A - Boundary detection data processing method and device based on orthogonal antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a boundary detection data processing method based on orthogonal antennas, which comprises the following steps: s1, storing amplitude information and phase information of an induced electromotive force signal received by a receiving antenna in a transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna system according to a sector; s2, judging the direction of induced current through a quadrant where the phase information is located, and obtaining amplitude information with symbols, so that the response period of a tool face for receiving the amplitude information of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees; s3, judging to obtain an interface distance and an interface direction based on the signed amplitude information and the phase information; and S4, fusing the signed amplitude information and the conventional resistivity information to form the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a real part or imaginary part signal mode, thereby effectively improving the detection depth of the instrument; in addition, the invention can process the azimuth resistivity and the boundary detection signal in a rotating mode and a sliding mode.

Description

Boundary detection data processing method and device based on orthogonal antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of measurement while drilling or logging while drilling in petroleum and natural gas drilling operation, in particular to a boundary detection data processing method and device based on an orthogonal antenna.

Background

During the exploration and development of oil fields, formation geological information and engineering parameters need to be measured. With the continuous progress of exploration and development technologies, the requirements on the accuracy and diversity of measurement parameters are higher and higher. The desired parameters often include formation environment parameters, downhole tool position, orientation, and drilling environment parameters, among others.

There are many conventional wireline logging tools available today, as well as logging while drilling tools, that can provide the above parameters. The electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument as an important instrument for evaluating the formation property can provide formation resistivity information to evaluate the oil content of the formation. The instruments often include one or more transmit and receive antennas to receive the formation-induced signals. For the electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling instrument, the amplitude ratio or the phase difference of the receiving coil is usually adopted to convert formation resistivity information. Azimuthal electromagnetic resistivity is used primarily for geosteering in addition to formation evaluation.

The current while-drilling instrument with the direction resolution function has a limited application in the aspect of geosteering due to the small detection depth. The azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument while drilling overcomes the defect of small detection depth, and can be better applied to geological guiding. The transmitting or receiving of the orientation-while-drilling electromagnetic wave instrument basically adopts a horizontal antenna or an inclined antenna to obtain the multi-component information of the electromagnetic field.

The prior art (CN 2013107236078) proposes a method for measuring and imaging resistivity of electromagnetic waves while drilling azimuth, which comprises: four collar axial transmitting antennas respectively transmit two electromagnetic wave signals with fixed frequency of 2MHz and 400kHz in a time-sharing manner; the two axial receiving antennas respectively receive electromagnetic wave signals, amplitude information and phase information of the sampling signals are obtained through processing, and the amplitude information and the phase information are converted into resistivity curves with different detection depths; in order to overcome the defect that the conventional orientation-while-drilling electromagnetic wave instrument can only perform orientation judgment and interface prediction in a rotating mode, a pair of orthogonal transverse receiving antennas is adopted to receive electromagnetic signals and process the electromagnetic signals to obtain a real part and an imaginary part of a sampling signal, data of each sector are respectively collected and recorded according to sector division in the rotating working mode, and the influence of resistivity anisotropy is eliminated by adopting symmetric emission compensation; and performing sine and cosine fitting on the real part and the imaginary part of the electromotive force signals measured by the transverse receiving coil by using fast Fourier transform, reducing noise and obtaining the real part and the imaginary part of the electromotive force signals of different sectors. However, with the development of science and technology, higher requirements are made on accuracy, and optimization and improvement in signal processing are urgently needed to meet the requirement of high accuracy for the detection depth of the instrument.

For the above situations, the prior art has not yet provided a good solution. Therefore, the invention provides a boundary detection data processing method and device based on orthogonal antennas.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a method for processing boundary detection data based on orthogonal antennas, where the method includes:

s1, storing amplitude information and phase information of an induced electromotive force signal received by a receiving antenna in a transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna system according to a sector;

s2, judging the direction of induced current through a quadrant where the phase information is located, and obtaining signed amplitude information, so that the response period of a tool surface for receiving the amplitude information of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees;

s3, judging to obtain an interface distance and an interface direction based on the signed amplitude information and the phase information;

and S4, fusing the signed amplitude information and the conventional resistivity information to form the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the transmitting and receiving orthogonal antennas comprise: an axial antenna and a transverse antenna, wherein the axial antenna and the transverse antenna can be used as transmitting or receiving antennas.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the amplitude information and the phase information of the induced electromotive force signal received by the receiving antenna may be stored in an azimuth sector or a time sector within one acquisition period.

According to one embodiment of the invention, in step S2, the relative position relationship between the formation and the borehole is determined according to the induced current direction.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the sign of the amplitude information is a positive value when the phase information is in the first and fourth boundaries, and the sign of the amplitude information is a negative value when the phase information is in the second and third boundaries.

According to an embodiment of the invention, in step S3, the interface distance is determined by using the amplitude response characteristic, wherein a response relation is established between the instrument response simulation and the actual scale response by using numerical simulation, and the distance between the borehole and the interface is determined by using inversion.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the interface orientation is determined by using an orientation response characteristic, wherein the orthogonal coupling electromagnetic field component and the azimuth angle are represented by a sine-cosine change relationship according to the following formula:

wherein, V _zx Representing the components of the orthogonally coupled electromagnetic field,

denotes the azimuth angle, a ₁ 、b ₁ Respectively representing a first coefficient and a second coefficient.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the signed amplitude information is fused with the conventional resistivity information of different depths of investigation, and the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity of different depths of investigation is obtained by synthesis.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a storage medium containing a series of instructions for carrying out the steps of the method as described in any one of the above.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for processing boundary detection data based on orthogonal antennas, the apparatus performing the method as described in any one of the above, the apparatus comprising:

the first module is used for storing the amplitude information and the phase information of the induced electromotive force signals received by the receiving antenna in the transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna system according to a sector;

the second module is used for judging the direction of induced current through a quadrant where the phase information is located and obtaining signed amplitude information, so that the response period of the tool surface for receiving the amplitude information of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees;

a third module, configured to determine to obtain an interface distance and an interface orientation based on the signed amplitude information and the phase information;

a fourth module for fusing the signed magnitude information with conventional resistivity information to form an azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity.

Compared with the prior art, the boundary detection data processing method and device based on the orthogonal antenna effectively improve the detection depth of an instrument by adopting a real part or imaginary part signal mode; in addition, the invention can process the azimuth resistivity and the boundary detection signal in a rotating mode and a sliding mode.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for processing boundary detection data based on orthogonal antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of various antenna combinations according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity measurement while drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a graph of real, imaginary and magnitude-azimuth response characteristics of a quadrature antenna directional signal in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows a graph of quadrature antenna directional signal real, imaginary and amplitude interface distance detection response characteristics, according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a transverse receive antenna phase response signature according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows a quadrature antenna directional signal magnitude processing flow diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows a graph of magnitude signal response versus bearing variation resulting from processing according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 shows a simulation of resistivity and directional EMF response characteristics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 shows a directional EMF boundary imaging signature according to one embodiment of the present invention; and

figure 11 shows a simulation of azimuthal resistivity imaging according to one embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The prior art of us patent (No. 6777940) discloses a logging tool for electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling, which includes a pair of transmitting antennas symmetrically arranged with respect to a receiving antenna, and can transmit electromagnetic waves of three frequencies of 400kHz, 1.2MHz and 2MHz, and can measure the amplitude attenuation and phase difference of measurement signals between two receiving coils, thereby converting into the resistivity information of the formation. The tool device and the measuring method can obtain the resistivity information of the stratum, but the tool device and the measuring method do not have the azimuth property, and in addition, the length of an instrument is larger under the condition that the transmitting antennas are symmetrically arranged at the same detection depth, so that the use is inconvenient.

The prior art of us patent (No. 7038455) discloses a multi-coil-distance, multi-frequency electromagnetic wave logging while drilling tool, which comprises six transmitting antennas and three receiving antennas, and realizes the measurement of multiple probing depths through different combinations of the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas, and also has no azimuth characteristic.

U.S. Pat. No.7557580 in the prior art discloses an electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring tool using a tilted antenna, which has azimuth characteristics and can be used for geosteering. The transmitting coil and the receiving coil are not coaxially coupled any more, but a certain included angle exists between the magnetic moment of the transmitting (receiving) antenna and the magnetic moment of the receiving (transmitting) antenna, so that the measurement of multi-component (measurement of components ZZ, ZX, XZ, ZY and YZ of electromagnetic fields) is realized in the rotation process of the instrument. The formation resistivity information is obtained by adopting the conversion of the measured value of the inclined coil in the tool, and the polarization effect is intensified under the condition of a horizontal well with a highly-deviated well, so that a certain influence is brought to the application of the resistivity in formation evaluation.

In the prior art, a method for measuring electromagnetic waves while drilling in which an oblique transmitting (receiving) antenna points to three mutually orthogonal directions respectively is disclosed in U.S. patent No.6181138, which can predict and judge an interface in a rotating or sliding mode, but in this case, how to design an orthogonal communication slot and protect the antenna and ensure that each magnetic field component is not deformed is a problem.

The prior art U.S. patent (No. 20050140373) discloses an azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity tool and an interface distance prediction method applied to geosteering. In the patent, an axial transmitting antenna and an inclined receiving antenna are adopted to realize the measurement of directional signals, and the anisotropy compensation is realized through a symmetrical transmitting coil pair. An interface azimuth determining method and a method for determining an interface distance by using a cross plot and an inversion method are given in the patent, and an azimuth resistivity imaging method is not given in the patent.

A prior art us patent (No. 7375530) discloses a cross-coupled component electromotive force measurement method and apparatus and is used to predict formation interfaces. However, when the device is not parallel to the stratum interface, the signal peak position is not the layer interface position, which brings difficulty to the accurate judgment and identification of the layer interface, and meanwhile, the device cannot measure the stratum resistivity, cannot perform resistivity imaging, and can only measure in a rotating mode.

In the prior art, U.S. Pat. No.7483793 (which is incorporated herein by reference) discloses a tool and a method for imaging resistivity while drilling, wherein the tool adopts an axial transmitting antenna and a transverse receiving antenna, determines formation azimuth information by using the relationship between electromotive force measured by the receiving antenna and a tool face angle of an instrument, realizes compensation measurement by adopting double transmission and double reception, eliminates borehole and electrical errors, and performs azimuth resistivity imaging by combining resistivity information measured by electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling. In the patent, the difference of electromotive force of two receiving coils is adopted to eliminate electric and borehole errors, so that the amplitude of a signal is greatly weakened, and meanwhile, the device is required to be used with an electromagnetic wave resistivity instrument during imaging. The patent does not specifically give a synthetic formula for the azimuthal apparent resistivity.

The invention patent (CN 102704921) granted by china in the prior art proposes a method and a device for measuring resistivity of electromagnetic waves while drilling, which generate electromagnetic wave power signals with specific frequency, transmit electromagnetic waves into a formation by using a transmitting antenna, respectively receive electromagnetic wave power signals containing information of a measured formation by using two receiving antennas, generate two paths of electromagnetic wave power signals containing information of the measured formation, respectively perform band-pass filtering on the two paths of electromagnetic wave power signals containing information of the measured formation after the band-pass filtering, respectively perform AD sampling on the signals after the band-pass filtering to generate two paths of electromagnetic wave sampling digital signals, perform mixing conversion and low-pass filtering on each path of electromagnetic wave sampling signals to generate amplitude information and phase information of each path of electromagnetic wave sampling digital signals, generate amplitude ratio and phase difference of the sampling digital signals, and generate a resistivity graph inversion to generate a resistivity graph. The device and the method only have a basic resistivity measurement function, and the device and the method have no azimuth characteristic and cannot perform resistivity imaging.

Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for processing boundary detection data based on orthogonal antennas according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, in step S1, amplitude information and phase information of an induced electromotive force signal received by a receiving antenna in a transmitting-receiving orthogonal antenna system are stored in a sector.

Further, transmit receive quadrature antenna systems are used to measure the amplitude and phase information of the ZX components.

Specifically, the transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna at least comprises: an axial antenna and a transverse antenna, wherein the axial antenna and the transverse antenna can be used as transmitting or receiving antennas.

In one embodiment, at least one axial single-transmit dual-receive antenna system is included. The axial antenna in the single-transmitting double-receiving antenna system and the axial antenna in the orthogonal antenna system can be shared.

In addition, in order to ensure that data of multiple depths are detected, at least one detection depth is required to be included, at least one transmitting and receiving antenna group is provided, and multiple transmitting and receiving antennas are multiple detection depths.

In one embodiment, in step S1, the amplitude information and the phase information of the induced electromotive force signal received by the receiving antenna may be stored in an azimuth sector or a time sector during an acquisition period. In both the rotating mode and the sliding mode, the data can be stored in both the azimuth sector and the time sector within one acquisition cycle.

As shown in fig. 1, in step S2, the induced current direction is determined by the quadrant where the phase information is located, and signed amplitude information is obtained, so that the tool face response period of receiving the antenna amplitude information is changed from 180 ° to 360 °.

Specifically, during the rotation measurement of the transverse receiving antenna, the phase of the receiving antenna changes twice during one rotation, and the difference between the two phases is 180 °, for example, the induced currents of 0 ° to 180 ° and 180 ° to 360 ° are not in the same direction, and the directions of the currents are opposite.

Specifically, amplitude and phase and corresponding transverse antenna tool surface information are collected and stored according to a fixed sector number or fixed sampling time, and the phase information is used for judging whether an amplitude signal is positive or negative, so that the response cycle of the tool surface receiving the amplitude signal of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees. The phase of the sector electromotive force amplitude is required to correspond to the tool face measured by the fluxgate or the adder. Specifically, the amplitude is absolute, with a period of 180 degrees, and the phase period 360, with which the amplitude period is varied 360.

In one embodiment, in step S2, the relative position relationship of the formation and the borehole is determined according to the induced current direction. Specifically, the borehole may be determined to be above or below the formation boundary based on the direction of the induced current.

In one embodiment, in step S2, the sign of the amplitude information is a positive value when the phase information is in the first and fourth quadrants, and the sign of the amplitude information is a negative value when the phase information is in the second and third quadrants.

As shown in fig. 1, in step S3, the interface distance and the interface azimuth are determined and obtained based on the signed amplitude information and phase information.

Specifically, the induced electromotive force is combined with the phase, and after the induced electromotive force azimuth response period becomes 360 °, the interface azimuth is determined using the azimuth response characteristic of the induced electromotive force, and the interface distance is determined using the amplitude response characteristic of the induced electromotive force and the interface distance.

In one embodiment, in step S3, the interface distance is determined by using the amplitude response characteristic, wherein the instrument response simulation is related to the actual scale response by using numerical simulation, and the distance between the borehole and the interface is determined by using inversion. Specifically, the response simulation is calculated theoretically, and the actual scale is experimentally used.

In one embodiment, in step S3, the interface orientation is determined by using the orientation response characteristic, wherein the orthogonal coupling electromagnetic field component and the azimuth angle are represented by the following equation:

wherein, V _zx Representing the components of the orthogonally coupled electromagnetic field,

denotes the azimuth angle, a ₁ 、b ₁ Respectively representing a first coefficient and a second coefficient.

As shown in fig. 1, in step S4, the signed magnitude information is fused with the conventional resistivity information to form the azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity. Specifically, signed amplitude information is used for boundary detection imaging, judgment and prediction of a stratum interface, and azimuth resistivity information is synthesized with conventional resistivity information.

Specifically, the induced electromotive force position response period after the symbol is determined is 360 degrees, and the induced electromotive force and the resistivity of different detection depths are fused to synthesize the electromagnetic wave resistivity of the positions of different detection depths.

In one embodiment, in step S4, the signed amplitude information and the conventional resistivity information of different probing depths are fused and synthesized to obtain the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity of different probing depths.

Figure 2 shows various antenna combinations according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein 110 is an axial antenna adopted by the traditional electromagnetic wave resistivity, and the magnetic moment directions of the transmitting antenna 111, the receiving antenna 112 and the receiving antenna 113 are coincident with the z axis of the instrument. 120 is a form of antenna used for azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity, where 121 is an axial transmit (receive) antenna and 122 is an oblique receive (transmit) antenna. 130 is a form of antenna for azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity, wherein 131 is an axial transmitting (receiving) antenna and 132 is a transverse receiving (transmitting) antenna, and orthogonal coupling electromagnetic field ZX (XZ) component can be directly measured. 140 is a form of antenna used for azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity, wherein 141 is an oblique transmitting (receiving) antenna and 142 is an oblique receiving (transmitting) antenna.

In one embodiment, the present invention takes the form of an axial antenna shown at 130 as well as a transverse antenna.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity measurement while drilling device according to an embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, this embodiment contains 4 axial transmit antennas 201, 203, 205, 207 and two axial receive antennas 202 and 204 with coil magnetic moments oriented parallel to the instrument axis. There is a pair of orthogonal transverse receive antennas 206 and 210.

In this embodiment of the invention, the instrument operating frequency was 2MHz and 400kHz. When the first transmit antenna transmits electromagnetic waves, the two receive antennas 202 and 204 receive electromagnetic field signals reflecting formation information. The transmitting antenna transmits electromagnetic waves in a time-sharing frequency-dividing mode, and the two orthogonal transverse receiving antennas respectively receive magnetic field signals generated by the stratum when the two farthest transmitting coils transmit the electromagnetic waves.

In a rotating mode, the transverse receiving antenna of the device can perform signal measurement acquisition and recording on 24 sectors in one cycle; in the sliding mode, the two orthogonal transverse receiving antennas can simultaneously measure the directional electromotive force signal amplitude and phase of at least two orthogonal directions.

Under the condition of uniform stratum, magnetic field signals cannot be detected by the two transverse receiving antennas, and under the condition that an interface exists, due to reflection of the interface, the transverse receiving coils receive electromagnetic signals, the amplitude of the signals shows a positive and negative rotation rule along with the change of an instrument tool face angle, and the direction of the magnetic field is related to the layer interface direction. When one transverse receiving antenna is vertical to the interface, the magnetic field signal can not be received, and at the moment, the magnetic field signal received by the other transverse receiving antenna is strongest, so that the device can be used in both a rotating mode and a sliding mode. All antennas, antenna shields and communication slots are mounted on a non-magnetic drill collar.

Fig. 4 shows a graph of the real, imaginary and magnitude-azimuth response of the quadrature antenna directional signal in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the magnitude, imaginary and real part signals of cross-coupled electromagnetic field components as a function of tool face angle in the presence of an interface. The stratum model is a single interface model, the resistivities of two sides of the interface are 1 omega.m and 10 omega.m respectively, and the instrument is parallel to the interface at the position of 2 m.

Where 310, 320, 330 are the cross-coupled electromagnetic field component amplitude, imaginary and real part signals, respectively, of transverse antenna 206 as a function of toolface angle. The real part and the imaginary part of the cross-coupled electromagnetic field component are in standard cosine distribution along with the tool face angle, the period is 360 degrees, the directional electromotive force is all positive values, the amplitude period is 180 degrees, namely the amplitude of the directional electromotive force cannot distinguish the upper and lower position relation of the well hole and the stratum interface. But at the same location the directional emf amplitude value is a composite of real and imaginary parts. As can be seen in fig. 4, the orientation corresponding to the maximum magnitude point is the interface orientation.

FIG. 5 shows a graph of the real, imaginary and amplitude interface distance detection response characteristics of the quadrature antenna directional signals according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows the real, imaginary and magnitude interface distance detection response characteristics of the orthogonal antenna directional signals. The simulated formation model is 1 Ω. M:100 Ω. M, with the instrument traversing the formation interface at an opposite well angle 85. The transverse antenna signal responses are 410, 420, 430, respectively.

Wherein 410 is the relationship between the directional electromotive force amplitude of the transverse receiving antenna and the interface distance; 420 is the relationship of the imaginary part of the directional electromotive force signal with the interface distance; 430 is the relation of the real part of the directional electromotive force signal along with the interface distance; 440 is the formation boundary location; 450 is the directional emf signal threshold. The distance to the interface can be calculated from the relationship of fig. 5.

Fig. 6 shows a transverse receive antenna phase response characteristic in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows the variation of the transverse antenna phase with the tool face for the positions 0 ° and 360 ° directly above and 180 ° directly below. 510 is the profile of the transverse antenna phase as a function of the tool face for one revolution of the instrument. It can be seen that the phase of the transverse antenna changes once during a measurement period, i.e. the direction of the induced current in the antenna changes once. The relative up-down relation between the instrument and the interface can be judged through the current direction, the amplitude and the phase are combined, the measurement parameters with the signed amplitude are changed, and the azimuth response period is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees.

Fig. 7 shows a flow diagram of quadrature antenna directional signal magnitude processing according to one embodiment of the present invention.

First, the device is started to operate.

Step S701 selects a transmitting antenna. In this embodiment, four transmitting coils transmit electromagnetic waves by time-division frequency division, the transmission sequence is 201, 207, 203, 205, and the transmission frequency is 2MHz and 400kHz.

In step S702, the receiving coils 202 and 204 respectively receive the magnetic field signal containing the formation information, and the amplitude and phase of the electromotive force signal are obtained through processing, and the real part and imaginary part information of the electromotive force is recorded and processed by the pair of orthogonal transverse receiving coils 206 and 210 according to the sector.

In step S703, the amplitude ratio and the phase difference between the axial receiving antennas R1 and R2 are calculated, the phase of each sector of the transverse antenna is used to determine the sign of the electromotive force amplitude, and the multi-sector fitting is used to obtain the first coefficient a in the rotating state ₁ And a second coefficient b ₁ . For the orthogonal transverse receiving antenna, because the amplitude value of the measured electromotive force is very small and may reach 10nV level, various electrical noises and measurement errors caused by incomplete orthogonality of the transmitting and receiving coils or mechanical processing can seriously distort the measurement signal, so that correction must be carried out to eliminate the errors and extract a useful signal.

The real part and the imaginary part of the electromotive force of the receiving coil are in sine or cosine law when the antenna ZX coupling or ZY coupling is considered. Coefficient a _RE1 、b _RE1 、a _IM1 、b _IM1 The real parts and the imaginary parts of the first coefficient and the second coefficient can be obtained through fast Fourier transform, and the fitting and correcting data retains ZX or ZY components so as to greatly reduce noise.

In step S704, a resistivity curve (as in fig. 4) and an interface indication curve based on amplitude (as in fig. 5) are obtained through symmetrical compensation scale conversion.

Step S705 inquires whether the next transmitting antenna is selected for measurement, if so, step S706 selects the next antenna to transmit electromagnetic waves, the above steps are repeated, if not, step S707 inquires whether the measurement is completed, and if so, the measurement is ended. Generally, whether the next transmitting antenna is selected for measurement according to a set time sequence, if the processing result judges that there is a problem, the transmitting antenna can be selected not to execute the transmitting, and the instrument is in failure.

FIG. 8 shows a graph of magnitude signal response versus bearing variation resulting from processing according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 shows the directional emf azimuthal response characteristic processed using the method of the present invention. The curves 710, 720, and 730 are the directional response characteristics of the directional electromotive force amplitude, the directional electromotive force imaginary part, and the directional electromotive force real part signals obtained according to the processing flow of fig. 7. The directional electromotive force orientation response period obtained after the treatment according to the method is 360 degrees.

Figure 9 shows a simulation of resistivity and directional emf response characteristics according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 shows a resistivity and directional emf response characteristic simulation. The formation model is a single interface model, the resistivity of the upper formation 810 is 20 Ω · m, the resistivity of the lower formation 820 is 2 Ω · m, and 830 is a borehole trajectory. 840 is 2MHz phase resistivity response; 850 is 400kHz amplitude resistivity response; 860 is tool face 0, directed electromotive force imaginary signal response; 870 is the toolface 0, the directional emf magnitude signal response obtained according to the processing method of the present invention. From the response simulation results, the 2MHz phase resistivity response 840 appears to have a significant polarization angle at the interface due to interface effects. The 400kHz amplitude resistivity response 850 is larger in probe depth and can show the effect of low resistance earlier.

Figure 10 shows a directional emf boundary imaging signature in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 shows a directional electromotive force boundary imaging feature. And similarly, the stratum model of FIG. 9 is adopted to simulate the directional electromotive force response of each direction from 0 degree to 360 degrees respectively for stratum boundary imaging.

Wherein 910 is directed electromotive force imaginary signal boundary imaging adopted in the prior art (CN 2013107236078); 920 provides for directional emf magnitude signal boundary imaging using the present invention. Simulation results show that the boundary imaging characteristics obtained by the data processing method provided by the invention are more obvious, the precision is higher, and the interface can be found earlier.

Figure 11 shows a simulation of azimuthal resistivity imaging according to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 11 shows an azimuthal resistivity imaging simulation. Azimuthal resistivity imaging combines 2 conventional electromagnetic wave resistivity curves 840 and 850 and a directional emf curve. Wherein 1010 is an azimuthal resistivity image formed by fusing curves 840, 850 and 910; 1020 are azimuthal resistivity images formed by the fusion of curves 840, 850 and 920. The relative position relationship between the well bore and the reservoir can be visually displayed by utilizing the azimuthal resistivity imaging.

The method and the device for processing the boundary detection data based on the orthogonal antenna can also be matched with a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the storage medium and is executed to operate the method for processing the boundary detection data based on the orthogonal antenna. The computer program is capable of executing computer instructions comprising computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc.

The computer-readable storage medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, U.S. disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, read-Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution media, and the like.

It should be noted that the content of the computer readable storage medium may be increased or decreased as required by legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction, for example, in some jurisdictions, the computer readable storage medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals in accordance with legislation and patent practice.

The invention also provides a boundary detection data processing device based on the orthogonal antenna, which executes the boundary detection data processing method based on the orthogonal antenna, and comprises a first module, a second module, a third module and a fourth module. Wherein:

the first module is used for storing the amplitude information and the phase information of the induced electromotive force signals received by the receiving antenna in the transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna system according to the sector.

The second module is used for judging the direction of the induced current through a quadrant where the phase information is located and obtaining signed amplitude information, so that the response period of the tool surface for receiving the amplitude information of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees.

And the third module is used for judging and obtaining the interface distance and the interface direction based on the signed amplitude information and the phase information.

The fourth module is used for fusing the signed amplitude information with the conventional resistivity information to form the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity.

In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the boundary detection data processing method and device based on the orthogonal antenna provided by the invention adopt a real part or imaginary part signal mode, so that the detection depth of an instrument is effectively improved; in addition, the invention can process the azimuth resistivity and the boundary detection signal in a rotating mode and a sliding mode.

It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of this invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for processing boundary detection data based on orthogonal antennas, the method comprising:

s1, storing amplitude information and phase information of an induced electromotive force signal received by a receiving antenna in a transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna system according to a sector;

s2, judging the direction of induced current through a quadrant where the phase information is located, and obtaining signed amplitude information, so that the response period of a tool surface for receiving the amplitude information of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees;

s3, judging to obtain an interface distance and an interface direction based on the signed amplitude information and the phase information;

and S4, fusing the signed amplitude information and the conventional resistivity information to form the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmitting and receiving orthogonal antennas comprise: an axial antenna and a transverse antenna, wherein the axial antenna and the transverse antenna can be used as transmitting or receiving antennas.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the amplitude information and the phase information of the induced electromotive force signals received by the receiving antenna are stored in an acquisition cycle according to either an azimuth sector or a time sector.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the relative position relationship between the formation and the borehole is determined according to the induced current direction.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the sign of the amplitude information is positive in the first and fourth boundaries of the phase information, and the sign of the amplitude information is negative in the second and third boundaries of the phase information.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the interface distance is determined by using amplitude response characteristics, wherein a response relationship between an instrument response simulation and an actual scale response is established by using numerical simulation, and the distance between the borehole and the interface is determined by using inversion.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the interface orientation is determined by using orientation response characteristics, wherein the orthonormal coupled electromagnetic field component and the azimuth angle exhibit sine and cosine variation relationship as characterized by the following formula:

wherein, V _zx Representing the components of the orthogonally coupled electromagnetic field,

denotes the azimuth angle, a ₁ 、b ₁ Respectively representing a first coefficient and a second coefficient.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the signed amplitude information is fused with the normal resistivity information of different depths of investigation, and the azimuth electromagnetic wave resistivity information of different depths of investigation is synthesized.

9. A storage medium characterized in that it contains a series of instructions for carrying out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An apparatus for processing boundary detection data based on orthogonal antennas, wherein the method according to any of claims 1-8 is performed, the apparatus comprising:

the first module is used for storing the amplitude information and the phase information of the induced electromotive force signals received by the receiving antenna in the transmitting and receiving orthogonal antenna system according to a sector;

the second module is used for judging the direction of induced current through a quadrant where the phase information is located and obtaining signed amplitude information, so that the response period of the tool surface for receiving the amplitude information of the antenna is changed from 180 degrees to 360 degrees;

a third module, configured to determine to obtain an interface distance and an interface orientation based on the signed amplitude information and the phase information;

a fourth module for fusing the signed magnitude information with conventional resistivity information to form an azimuthal electromagnetic wave resistivity.

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