CN115926464A - Preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles and reinforced rubber powder - Google Patents

Preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles and reinforced rubber powder Download PDF

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CN115926464A
CN115926464A CN202211430911.9A CN202211430911A CN115926464A CN 115926464 A CN115926464 A CN 115926464A CN 202211430911 A CN202211430911 A CN 202211430911A CN 115926464 A CN115926464 A CN 115926464A
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rubber powder
reinforced
rubber
powder
sieving
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CN115926464B (en
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谭金和
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Qingyuan High Energy Modified Materials Technology Co ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material and rubber powder preparation, and discloses a preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles and reinforced rubber powder. The preparation method of the silicon rubber reinforced particles and the reinforced rubber powder comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of carrying out hydrosilylation reaction on hydrogen-containing silicone oil and aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups to obtain a cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer solution, then adding silica sol, stirring and mixing uniformly, carrying out vacuum drying, crushing and sieving to obtain the silicone rubber reinforced particles. Cleaning waste tires, cutting into pieces, crushing, sieving and magnetically separating to obtain rubber powder, and then mixing the rubber powder with silicon rubber reinforced particles to obtain the reinforced rubber powder. According to the invention, the regenerated rubber powder is reinforced by the specific silicon rubber reinforcing particles, so that the mechanical property of the rubber powder can be obviously improved, the application field of the regenerated rubber powder is widened, the recycling of waste rubber materials such as waste tires and the like can be realized, and the economic benefit and the environmental protection benefit are obviously increased.

Description

Preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles and reinforced rubber powder
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material and rubber powder preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles and reinforced rubber powder.
Background
The rubber powder is generally processed by waste tires or waste rubber products. The commonly used processing method comprises the following steps: a normal temperature pulverization method, a freezing method, a normal temperature chemical method, and the like. The rubber powder is the main raw material of reclaimed rubber, is widely used in the fields of sports plastic playgrounds, rubber floor tiles, waterproof coiled materials, waterproof coatings, highway modified asphalt, rubber products and the like, and can also be directly used as rubber products.
However, as the problems of aging, degradation and the like commonly exist in waste tires or waste rubber products, the mechanical property of the rubber powder prepared by the rubber powder is obviously reduced compared with that of the virgin rubber, so that the application field is limited. Therefore, researches on improving the service performance of the rubber powder by modifying the rubber powder by a physical or chemical method are increasing.
In our earlier patent CN 109774016A, a production method for producing fine rubber powder by using waste tires is disclosed. By optimizing the conventional process for producing rubber powder at normal temperature and adding the multi-stage screening module in the coarse crushing and fine crushing processes, the high-efficiency utilization of raw materials is guaranteed, and the utilization rate of the raw materials and the generation rate of fine rubber powder are improved; the calcium carbonate powder and the circuit board powder are added in the preparation of the grinding material, so that the fluidity and the dispersibility of the rubber powder in the crushing process are effectively promoted, the rubber powder is not easy to agglomerate, and the later geometrical physical properties of the rubber powder are not influenced.
Patent CN 111662031A discloses a method for modifying rubber powder by adopting polyphenols, which comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a polyphenol substance dispersion liquid; and step two, adding rubber powder into the polyphenol substance dispersion liquid, heating and stirring, filtering the material after the reaction is finished, and drying the filtered solid in an oven to obtain the modified rubber powder. The main purpose of the invention is to form a coating layer to cover the surface of the rubber powder through the chemical reaction of the used polyphenols so as to improve the hydrophilic property of the rubber powder, but the mechanical properties such as the strength of the rubber powder are not obviously improved by the modification method.
Patent CN 115159902A discloses a preparation method of modified rubber powder, which comprises the steps of treating waste rubber powder with alkaline aqueous solution, and oxidizing the waste rubber powder with potassium permanganate aqueous solution under acidic condition; then, carrying out sulfonation treatment by adopting a dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid solution; and continuously adopting peach resin to coat the rubber powder, and finally crushing to obtain the rubber powder. According to the method, potassium permanganate aqueous solution is adopted to oxidize rubber powder under an acidic condition, then dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid solution is adopted to perform sulfonation treatment, and oxygen-containing groups and sulfonic groups are respectively introduced, so that the hydrophilicity of the rubber powder is improved; and finally, coating the rubber powder by peach resin to form a composite structure taking the organic waste rubber powder as a core and the organic peach resin as a shell. The mechanical property of the rubber powder is improved through multi-stage treatment.
The silicon rubber has good mechanical properties and weather resistance, and the silicon rubber is used for chemically or physically blending and modifying rubber powder in a direction with good prospect, but the silicon rubber has poor compatibility of a polysiloxane chain and an organic rubber material, so that the chemical modification difficulty is high, and the physical blending and modifying effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention is primarily directed to a method for preparing silicone rubber-reinforced particles.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a silicone rubber reinforcing particle prepared by the above method.
The invention further aims to provide a preparation method of the enhanced rubber powder.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) Adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil and aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups into an organic solvent, stirring and dissolving uniformly, heating to 75-95 ℃ under the protection of inert atmosphere, then adding a catalyst, and stirring and reacting until the hydrosilylation reaction is complete;
(2) Adding silica sol into the reaction liquid obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing uniformly, drying in vacuum to remove the organic solvent, grinding and crushing the product, and sieving to obtain SiO 2 -silicone rubber reinforcing particles of cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure.
Further, the hydrogen content (mass percentage content) of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in the step (1) is 0.05-2%.
Further, the aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups in the step (1) is selected from one or a combination of at least two of 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 1,8-nonadiene, 1,9-decadiene, 1,10-undecene, 1,11-dodecadiene; the addition amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups is 5-30% of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
Further, the organic solvent in step (1) is at least one of isopropanol, isobutanol and isoparaffin, and is more preferably a mixed solvent of isopropanol and isoparaffin.
Further, the catalyst in the step (1) is vinyl platinum complex or chloroplatinic acid.
Further, the reaction time in the step (1) is 1-6 h.
Further, the silica sol in the step (2) is preferably a solvent-type hydrophobic silica sol; the adding amount of the silica sol is 60-200% of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil by solid content. According to the invention, the experiment shows that the cross-linked polysiloxane is bonded when the adding amount of the silica sol is too low, so that the silica sol is not beneficial to grinding and crushing to obtain well-dispersed powder, and is not easy to mix with rubber powder for reinforcement; an excessively high addition amount results in a decrease in the reinforcing effect of the resulting reinforcing particles on the rubber powder.
Further, the sieving in the step (2) refers to sieving by a 60-200 mesh sieve.
Silicone rubber reinforced particles prepared by the above method.
A preparation method of reinforced rubber powder comprises the following preparation steps:
1) Cleaning waste tires, cutting into pieces, crushing, sieving and magnetically separating to obtain rubber powder;
2) Adding the silicon rubber reinforced particles into the rubber powder obtained in the step 1) according to a certain proportion to obtain the reinforced rubber powder.
Further, the sieving in the step 1) refers to sieving by a 60-200 mesh sieve; the addition amount of the silicon rubber reinforced particles in the step 2) is 2-20% of the mass of the rubber powder.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the cross-linked elastic containing long-chain polysiloxane is prepared by the hydrosilylation reaction of aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups and hydrogen-containing silicone oilThe crosslinked polysiloxane elastomer structure can obviously improve the mechanical property of the organic rubber powder. Meanwhile, the aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups has good compatibility with the organic rubber powder, so that the defect of incompatibility of polysiloxane and the organic rubber powder is overcome to a certain extent, and the advantageous properties of the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer are well exerted in the organic rubber powder. The silica sol is added to form SiO with the crosslinked polysiloxane elastomer 2 A cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure, one of the functions of which is to reduce the adhesion of cross-linked polysiloxane elastomers, to facilitate the formation of well-dispersed powders, and to facilitate the mixing and addition with organic rubber powders; the second function is to further improve the modification effect of the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer on the organic rubber powder, and tests prove that the composition of the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer and the organic rubber powder has obvious synergistic effect on the improvement of the mechanical property of the organic rubber powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the regenerated rubber powder is reinforced by the specific silicon rubber reinforcing particles, so that the mechanical property of the rubber powder can be obviously improved, the application field of the regenerated rubber powder is widened, the recycling of waste rubber materials such as waste tires and the like can be realized, and the economic benefit and the environmental protection benefit are obviously increased.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The preparation method of the reinforced rubber powder of the embodiment comprises the following preparation steps:
1) Cleaning waste tires, cutting into pieces, crushing, screening by a 80-mesh screen, and removing metal impurities in rubber particles by magnetic separation to obtain rubber powder;
2) Adding the silicon rubber reinforcing particles into the rubber powder obtained in the step (1) in a mass percentage of 6% to obtain the reinforced rubber powder.
The silicone rubber reinforcing particles described in this example were prepared by the following method:
(1) 500g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (with the hydrogen content of 0.53%) and 100g of 1, 6-heptadiene are added into a mixed solvent of 1.5kg of isopropanol and isoparaffin to be uniformly stirred and dissolved, the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and then a catalytic amount of vinyl platinum complex solution is added to be stirred and reacted for 4 hours to obtain a cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer solution.
(2) Adding solvent type hydrophobic silica sol (the content of silicon dioxide is 30 percent, the particle diameter is 15-25 nm, the viscosity is 1.2 mPa.s) into the reaction solution obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing uniformly, drying in vacuum to remove the organic solvent, grinding and crushing the product, and sieving the product with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain SiO 2 -silicone rubber reinforcing particles of cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure.
The addition amount of the solvent type hydrophobic silica sol is respectively adjusted to be 0%, 30%, 60%, 90%, 150%, 200% and 250% of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil by the content of silicon dioxide. And (3) comparing the processing performance (the passing rate of the silicon rubber reinforced particles after being ground and crushed under the same conditions and passing through an 80-mesh screen) with the mechanical performance of the reinforced rubber powder obtained by testing, milling the rubber powder obtained by each group into sheets according to a test formula of the tensile strength and the elongation at break in GB/T19208-2020, testing the tensile strength and the elongation at break according to GB/T528-2009, and testing the Akron abrasion performance of a product obtained by film pressing according to GBT 1689-2014. And the rubber powder without the added silicone rubber reinforcing particles was used as a control group, and the test results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Test items Passing rate Tensile strength Elongation at break Akron abrasion
0% 6.2% 36.2MPa 654% 0.2235
30% 57.5% 41.7MPa 682% 0.1832
60% 90.8% 47.4MPa 665% 0.1526
90% 95.8% 47.5MPa 630% 0.1370
150% 97.3% 46.2MPa 606% 0.1253
200% 97.9% 42.8MPa 575% 0.1189
250% 98.2% 36.9MPa 562% 0.1107
Control group ---- 28.8MPa 480% 0.3652
The results in table 1 show that, compared with the control group, the simple crosslinked polysiloxane elastomer obtained without adding silica sol (0%) has a significant improvement effect on the mechanical properties of the rubber powder, but the crosslinked polysiloxane is adhered due to the fact that the silica sol is not added or the addition amount of the silica sol is too low, the crosslinked polysiloxane is not favorable for grinding and crushing to obtain well-dispersed powder, and the processability of the obtained silicon rubber reinforced particles is poor. Compared with the group without silica sol (0%) and the group with the excessive silica sol (250%), the improvement effect (particularly tensile strength and elongation at break) of the mechanical property of the rubber powder by compounding the silica sol and the rubber powder is further obviously improved, and the remarkable synergistic effect of the compounding of the silica sol and the rubber powder on the improvement of the mechanical property of the organic rubber powder is shown.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 1, the preparation process of the silicon rubber reinforced particle adopts nano SiO 2 The powder was used in place of silica sol, and the rest was the same.
The silicone rubber reinforced particles are prepared by the following method:
(1) 500g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (with the hydrogen content of 0.53%) and 100g of 1, 6-heptadiene are added into a mixed solvent of 1.5kg of isopropanol and isoparaffin to be uniformly stirred and dissolved, the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and then a catalytic amount of vinyl platinum complex solution is added to be stirred and reacted for 4 hours to obtain a cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer solution.
(2) Adding nano SiO into the reaction liquid in the step (1) 2 The powder is stirred and mixed evenly, and the nano SiO 2 The adding amount of the powder is 90 percent of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil, the organic solvent is removed by vacuum drying, the product is ground and crushed and passes through a 80-mesh screen to obtain the crosslinked polysiloxane elastomer coated SiO 2 The silicone rubber reinforcing particles of (2).
The processability of the silicone rubber-reinforced particle obtained in this comparative example showed a sieving passage rate of 45.3%, indicating that the crosslinked polysiloxane elastomer covered with SiO 2 There is still significant cross-linked polysiloxane adhesion in the structure of (1).
The mechanical property test of the reinforced rubber powder obtained in the comparative example shows that the tensile strength is 37.4MPa, the elongation at break is 557%, and the Akron abrasion is 0.2053. The comparison with example 1 further demonstrates that the composite structure formed by the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer and the silica sol has a significant synergistic effect on the improvement of the mechanical properties of the rubber powder.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, the comparative example adopts hydrophilic silica sol to replace solvent-type hydrophobic silica sol, and the rest is the same.
The silicone rubber reinforced particles are prepared by the following method:
(1) 500g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (with the hydrogen content of 0.53%) and 100g of 1, 6-heptadiene are added into a mixed solvent of 1.5kg of isopropanol and isoparaffin to be uniformly stirred and dissolved, the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and then a catalytic amount of vinyl platinum complex solution is added to be stirred and reacted for 4 hours to obtain a cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer solution.
(2) Adding hydrophilic silica sol (the content of silicon dioxide is 25 percent and the water content is 75 percent) into the reaction liquid obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the adding amount of the hydrophilic silica sol is 90 percent of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil calculated by the content of the silicon dioxide, drying in vacuum to remove water and organic solvent, grinding and crushing the product, and sieving the product by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain SiO 2 -silicone rubber reinforcing particles of cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure.
The processability of the silicone rubber reinforced particles obtained in the comparative example showed a sieving passage of 72.6%, indicating that there was still some cross-linked polysiloxane adhesion when the hydrophilic silica sol was compounded with the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer.
The mechanical property test of the reinforced rubber powder obtained in the comparative example shows that the tensile strength is 39.1MPa, the elongation at break is 572 percent, and the Akron abrasion is 0.1856. The comparison result with example 1 can further prove that the composite structure formed by the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer and the hydrophobic silica sol has more obvious effect on improving the mechanical property of the rubber powder. The reason for this may be that the hydrophilic silica sol has poor compatibility with the solution system of the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer, and the hydrophilic silica sol is prematurely agglomerated after addition, and cannot effectively form a good composite structure with the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer, resulting in poor processability of the silicone rubber reinforcing particles and poor reinforcing performance of the silicone rubber reinforcing particles to the rubber powder.
Example 2
The preparation method of the reinforced rubber powder of the embodiment comprises the following preparation steps:
1) Cleaning waste tires, cutting into pieces, crushing, screening by a 80-mesh screen, and removing metal impurities in rubber particles by magnetic separation to obtain rubber powder;
2) Adding the silicon rubber reinforcing particles into the rubber powder obtained in the step (1) in a mass percentage of 2% to obtain the reinforced rubber powder.
The silicone rubber reinforcing particles described in this example were prepared by the following method:
(1) 500g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (the hydrogen content is 1.26 percent) and 150g of 1, 9-decadiene are added into a mixed solvent of 1.8kg of isopropanol and isoalkane to be uniformly stirred and dissolved, the temperature is raised to 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and then a catalytic amount of vinyl platinum complex solution is added to be stirred and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer solution.
(2) Adding solvent type hydrophobic silica sol (the content of silica is 30 percent, the particle diameter is 15-25 nm, the viscosity is 1.2 mPa.s) into the reaction solution obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing uniformly, wherein the addition amount of the hydrophobic silica sol is hydrogen-containing silica in terms of the content of silicaVacuum drying to remove organic solvent, grinding and pulverizing the product, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain SiO 2 -silicone rubber reinforcing particles of cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure.
The processability of the silicone rubber-reinforced particles obtained in this example showed a sieving passage of 96.8%; the mechanical property test result of the obtained enhanced rubber powder shows that the tensile strength is 43.3MPa, the elongation at break is 612 percent, and the Akron abrasion is 0.1285.
Example 3
The preparation method of the reinforced rubber powder of the embodiment comprises the following preparation steps:
1) Cleaning waste tires, cutting into pieces, crushing, screening by a 80-mesh screen, and removing metal impurities in rubber particles by magnetic separation to obtain rubber powder;
2) Adding the silicon rubber reinforcing particles into the rubber powder obtained in the step (1) in a mass percentage of 20% to obtain the reinforced rubber powder.
The silicone rubber reinforcing particles described in this example were prepared by the following method:
(1) 500g of hydrogen-containing silicone oil (with the hydrogen content of 0.083%) and 30g1, 4-pentadiene are added into a mixed solvent of 1.2kg of isopropanol and isoalkane, stirred and dissolved uniformly, heated to 90 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and then added with a catalytic amount of vinyl platinum complex solution to be stirred and reacted for 5 hours, so as to obtain the cross-linked polysiloxane elastomer solution.
(2) Adding solvent type hydrophobic silica sol (the content of silica is 30 percent, the particle diameter is 15-25 nm, the viscosity is 1.2 mPa.s) into the reaction solution obtained in the step (1), uniformly stirring and mixing, wherein the addition amount of the hydrophobic silica sol is 120 percent of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil calculated by the content of the silica, removing the organic solvent through vacuum drying, grinding and crushing the product, and sieving the product through a 80-mesh sieve to obtain SiO 2 -silicone rubber reinforcing particles of cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure.
The processability of the silicone rubber reinforced particles obtained in this example showed a sieving passage of 95.2%; the mechanical property test result of the obtained enhanced rubber powder shows that the tensile strength is 46.8MPa, the elongation at break is 656%, and the Akron abrasion is 0.1310.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of silicon rubber reinforced particles is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) Adding hydrogen-containing silicone oil and aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups into an organic solvent, stirring and dissolving uniformly, heating to 75-95 ℃ under the protection of inert atmosphere, then adding a catalyst, and stirring and reacting until the hydrosilylation reaction is complete;
(2) Adding silica sol into the reaction liquid obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing uniformly, drying in vacuum to remove the organic solvent, grinding and crushing the product, and sieving to obtain SiO 2 -silicone rubber reinforcing particles of cross-linked polysiloxane composite structure.
2. The method for preparing silicone rubber reinforcing particles according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen content of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil in step (1) is 0.05% to 2%.
3. The method for preparing silicone rubber reinforcing particles according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups in step (1) is selected from one or a combination of at least two of 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, 1,8-nonadiene, 1,9-decadiene, 1,10-undecene, 1,11-dodecadiene; the addition amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least two unsaturated groups is 5-30% of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil.
4. The method for preparing silicone rubber reinforcing particles according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the organic solvent is at least one of isopropanol, isobutanol and isoparaffin; the catalyst is vinyl platinum complex or chloroplatinic acid; the reaction time is 1-6 h.
5. The method for preparing silicone rubber reinforcing particles according to claim 4, wherein the organic solvent in step (1) is a mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol and isoparaffin.
6. The method for preparing silicone rubber reinforcing particles according to claim 1, wherein the silica sol in step (2) is a solvent-based hydrophobic silica sol; the adding amount of the silica sol is 60-200% of the mass of the hydrogen-containing silicone oil by solid content.
7. The method for preparing silicone rubber reinforcing particles according to claim 1, wherein said sieving in step (2) is through a 60-200 mesh screen.
8. A silicone rubber reinforcing particle characterized by being produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The preparation method of the enhanced rubber powder is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
1) Cleaning waste tires, cutting into pieces, crushing, sieving and magnetically separating to obtain rubber powder;
2) Adding the silicone rubber reinforcing particles of claim 8 to the rubber powder of step 1) in a proportion to obtain a reinforced rubber powder.
10. The method for preparing reinforced rubber powder according to claim 9, wherein the sieving in step 1) is performed by sieving with a 60-200 mesh sieve; the addition amount of the silicon rubber reinforced particles in the step 2) is 2-20% of the mass of the rubber powder.
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