CN115926418B - Chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material - Google Patents
Chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115926418B CN115926418B CN202211699074.XA CN202211699074A CN115926418B CN 115926418 B CN115926418 B CN 115926418B CN 202211699074 A CN202211699074 A CN 202211699074A CN 115926418 B CN115926418 B CN 115926418B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LCXXOYOABWDYBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(pentadecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC LCXXOYOABWDYBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004595 color masterbatch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QSYYSIXGDAAPNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(tridecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC QSYYSIXGDAAPNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SXPLZNMUBFBFIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SXPLZNMUBFBFIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BAAAEEDPKUHLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BAAAEEDPKUHLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC KQAHMVLQCSALSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YGUFXEJWPRRAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC YGUFXEJWPRRAEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920012128 methyl methacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZJLGWINGXOQWDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(pentadecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC ZJLGWINGXOQWDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FHVAUDREWWXPRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FHVAUDREWWXPRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SVKDNKCAGJVMMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(tetradecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC SVKDNKCAGJVMMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IMAMKGXMSYGEGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(tridecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC IMAMKGXMSYGEGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BBWMWJONYVGXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(undecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BBWMWJONYVGXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXNJHBYHBDPTQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(tetradecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC AXNJHBYHBDPTQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LIJFLHYUSJKHKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(undecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC LIJFLHYUSJKHKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
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- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucasaeureamid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical group C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical group CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
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- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of basalt fiber composite materials, and discloses a chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material, which comprises the following components: resin matrix, basalt fiber, composite silane coupling agent and compatilizer, wherein, the resin matrix: 100 parts of basalt fiber: 20-40 parts of composite silane coupling agent: 5-15 parts of compatilizer: 5-15 parts. The composite silane coupling agent is formed by compounding a long-chain silane coupling agent and a short-chain silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the long-chain silane coupling agent to the short-chain silane coupling agent is 9:1-5:5. The composite material has excellent chemical resistance and high temperature resistance, and can improve the high temperature resistance of the composite material due to the influence of solvents contacted with the composite material in daily use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of basalt fiber composite materials, in particular to a chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material.
Background
Basalt fiber is a continuous fiber which is prepared by taking natural volcanic rock ore as a raw material, melting at high temperature and drawing through a platinum-rhodium bushing. Basalt fiber has excellent chemical corrosion resistance and stability, has better stability in water and acid-base solution, and is comparable to shoulder ECR glass fiber, but the cost is obviously lower than that of glass fiber, and can be used in various fiber reinforced concrete members and polymer matrix composite materials. On the other hand, basalt fiber has excellent temperature resistance, and the use temperature range is-260-700 ℃ and wider than that of glass fiber. The heat resistance of the glass fiber is similar to that of high-temperature resistant quartz glass fiber, and the tensile strength of the glass fiber can be kept at about 85% when the glass fiber works at 400 ℃; the tensile strength of the alloy can still be maintained at about 80% when the alloy is operated at 600 ℃. The material also has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, simple production process, lower price, environmental protection and the like, can be defined as a raw material of a high-performance structural material, is a strategic emerging material in China, and has wide development prospect.
The basalt fiber composite material can be often manufactured into a fire-fighting material, which generates new requirements on the high temperature resistance of the fire-fighting material. Although the application range of the basalt-based composite material can be determined after a proper base material is selected, if the high temperature resistance of the basalt-based composite material can be further improved on the basis of the existing composite material, the application range of the basalt-based composite material can be further widened, and the basalt-based composite material can be used in harder environments. On the other hand, basalt fiber composite materials are often placed in places with organic solvents, and are also often contacted with various solvents in daily use, affecting the service life thereof. When the composite material contacts a corrosive environment, the composite material first has performance degradation, such as high temperature resistance degradation, mechanical strength degradation and the like, so that the service life of the composite material is greatly shortened, and the use of the composite material is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the basalt composite material has excellent chemical resistance and high temperature resistance, and can be used for cabinets of various fire-fighting equipment. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a basalt fiber composite material with chemical resistance and high temperature resistance comprises the following components: resin matrix, basalt fiber, composite silane coupling agent and compatilizer, wherein
Resin matrix: 100 parts of
Basalt fiber: 20-40 parts
Composite silane coupling agent: 5-15 parts
And (3) a compatilizer: 5-15 parts
The resin matrix is one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polyphenyl ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone, epoxy resin, melamine resin and phenolic resin. As a preferable example, the resin matrix is one or more of polyester or epoxy resin.
The basalt fiber monofilament has a diameter of 5-20 mu m, the tensile strength of 3000-5000 MPa and the elastic modulus of 90-120 GPa.
The composite silane coupling agent is formed by compounding a long-chain silane coupling agent and a short-chain silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the long-chain silane coupling agent to the short-chain silane coupling agent is 9:1-5:5, preferably 7:3-5:5, and further preferably 5:5.
Preferably, the long-chain silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent with a carbon chain length of 10-15, and the short-chain silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent with a carbon chain length of 2-5.
Preferably, the long-chain silane coupling agent is one or more of decyl trimethoxy silane, decyl triethoxy silane, undecyl trimethoxy silane, undecyl triethoxy silane, dodecyl trimethoxy silane, dodecyl triethoxy silane, tridecyl trimethoxy silane, tridecyl triethoxy silane, tetradecyl trimethoxy silane, tetradecyl triethoxy silane, pentadecyl trimethoxy silane and pentadecyl triethoxy silane.
Preferably, the short-chain silane coupling agent is one or more of ethyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl triethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, propyl triethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, butyl triethoxy silane, amyl trimethoxy silane and amyl triethoxy silane.
The compatilizer is one or more of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride, polyethylene grafted (methyl) acrylate, polyethylene grafted (methyl) ethyl acrylate, polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, polypropylene grafted (methyl) acrylate, polypropylene grafted (methyl) ethyl acrylate, MABS and ABS grafted maleic anhydride.
Preferably, the composite material can also comprise other reinforcing fibers, color masterbatch, antioxidants, lubricants and other auxiliary agents.
Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is one or more of UHMWPE fiber, high-strength polyvinyl alcohol fiber, glass fiber, polyether-ether-ketone fiber, polypropylene fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one or more of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and preferably the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 are compounded in a ratio of 1:9-9:1.
Preferably, the lubricant is one or more of stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate and erucamide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the basalt fiber composite material is formed by compounding basalt fibers serving as a framework material with resin base materials such as epoxy resin, polyester resin and the like, and has the characteristics of excellent chemical resistance and high temperature resistance. The compound silane coupling agent can form a composite system with basalt fibers, wherein alkoxy groups such as methoxy or ethoxy can form chemical bond connection with functional groups on the surfaces of the basalt fibers, so that fatty chains on the silane coupling agent are grafted on the surfaces of the basalt fibers. On one hand, the basalt fiber is more uniformly dispersed, and the high temperature resistance of the basalt fiber is more easily exerted, so that the basalt fiber can not only maintain the mechanical strength of the basalt fiber under a high temperature environment, but also ensure the dimensional stability of the basalt fiber, and the mechanical strength of the basalt fiber is not reduced due to the breakage of the reinforcing fiber in a high temperature use environment of the composite material. On the other hand, the long-chain and short-chain silane coupling agents are matched for use, so that the chemical resistance of the composite material can be further improved, the composite material has better tolerance to organic solvents, the swelling effect on the organic solvents is lower, the swelling effect on the composite material caused by the organic solvents contacted in daily use is reduced, and the strength retention rate of the composite material in long-term use is ensured.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperature, which comprises the following components: resin matrix, basalt fiber, composite silane coupling agent and compatilizer, wherein
Resin matrix: 100 parts of
Basalt fiber: 20-40 parts
Composite silane coupling agent: 5-15 parts
And (3) a compatilizer: 5-15 parts
The resin matrix is one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyphenyl ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone, epoxy resin, melamine resin and phenolic resin. As a preferable example, the resin matrix is one or more of polyester or epoxy resin.
The basalt fiber monofilament has a diameter of 5-20 mu m, the tensile strength of 3000-5000 MPa and the elastic modulus of 90-120 GPa.
The composite silane coupling agent is formed by compounding a long-chain silane coupling agent and a short-chain silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the long-chain silane coupling agent to the short-chain silane coupling agent is 9:1-5:5, preferably 7:3-5:5, and further preferably 5:5.
Preferably, the long-chain silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent with a carbon chain length of 10-15, and the short-chain silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent with a carbon chain length of 2-5.
Preferably, the long-chain silane coupling agent is one or more of decyl trimethoxy silane, decyl triethoxy silane, undecyl trimethoxy silane, undecyl triethoxy silane, dodecyl trimethoxy silane, dodecyl triethoxy silane, tridecyl trimethoxy silane, tridecyl triethoxy silane, tetradecyl trimethoxy silane, tetradecyl triethoxy silane, pentadecyl trimethoxy silane and pentadecyl triethoxy silane.
Preferably, the short-chain silane coupling agent is one or more of ethyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl triethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, propyl triethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, butyl triethoxy silane, amyl trimethoxy silane and amyl triethoxy silane.
The compatilizer is one or more of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride, polyethylene grafted (methyl) acrylate, polyethylene grafted (methyl) ethyl acrylate, polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, polypropylene grafted (methyl) acrylate, polypropylene grafted (methyl) ethyl acrylate, MABS and ABS grafted maleic anhydride.
Preferably, the composite material can also comprise other reinforcing fibers, color masterbatch, antioxidant, lubricant, curing agent, curing accelerator and other auxiliary agents.
Preferably, the reinforcing fiber is one or more of UHMWPE fiber, high-strength polyvinyl alcohol fiber, glass fiber, polyether-ether-ketone fiber, polypropylene fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.
Preferably, the antioxidant is one or more of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and preferably the antioxidant 1010 and the antioxidant 168 are compounded in a ratio of 1:9-9:1.
Preferably, the lubricant is one or more of stearic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate and erucamide.
The preparation method of the basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperature comprises the following steps: and (3) drying the thermoplastic raw materials and basalt fibers in a drying oven, adding a composite silane coupling agent and a compatilizer for mixing, and adding other auxiliary agents for continuous mixing after the mixing is finished. And (5) putting the mixed materials into a double-screw extruder for extrusion molding to obtain the composite material.
The preparation method of the basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperature can also be as follows: mixing the thermosetting prepolymer, basalt fiber, composite silane coupling agent and compatilizer, adding or not adding the curing agent after mixing, and placing the mixture in a mould for compression molding to obtain the composite material.
The raw materials of the invention are all commercial products.
The basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures comprises 50 parts by weight of polycarbonate, 50 parts by weight of PET, 30 parts by weight of basalt fiber, 10 parts by weight of composite silane coupling agent, 5 parts by weight of compatilizer, 1 part by weight of color masterbatch, 1 part by weight of composite antioxidant and 0.5 part by weight of lubricant.
The polycarbonate MFR:3.0g/10min; PET [ eta ] = 0.84dL/g, the diameter of basalt fiber monofilaments is 10 mu m, the tensile strength is 4000MPa, the elastic modulus is 100GPa, the composite silane coupling agent is formed by mixing pentadecyl trimethoxy silane and propyl trimethoxy silane in a weight ratio of 5:5, the compatilizer is ABS grafted maleic anhydride, the color master is white master, the composite antioxidant is formed by mixing antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a weight ratio of 2:1, and the lubricant is calcium stearate.
The polycarbonate is dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 12 hours, the PET granules and basalt fibers are dried in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 12 hours, and the dried polycarbonate and basalt fibers are put into a high-speed mixer, added with a composite silane coupling agent and a compatilizer for mixing, and mixed for 5 minutes at high speed. And adding the color master batch, the compound antioxidant and the lubricant, and continuously mixing at high speed for 5min to obtain the mixture. And (3) putting the mixture into a double-screw extruder for melt blending injection molding, wherein the screw temperature of the extruder is 200-240 ℃, the die head temperature is 230 ℃, the screw rotating speed is 500r/min, the die temperature is 120 ℃, and the injection pressure is about 500bar.
Example 2 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 1 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with pentadecyl trimethoxysilane and propyl trimethoxysilane, which were mixed in a weight ratio of 6:4 based on example 1.
Example 3 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 1 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with pentadecyl trimethoxysilane and propyl trimethoxysilane, which were mixed in a weight ratio of 7:3 based on example 1.
Example 4 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 1 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with pentadecyl trimethoxysilane and propyl trimethoxysilane, which were mixed in a weight ratio of 8:2 based on example 1.
Example 5 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 1 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with pentadecyl trimethoxysilane and propyl trimethoxysilane mixed at a weight ratio of 9:1 based on example 1.
Comparative example 1 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as in example 1 were followed except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with pentadecyl trimethoxysilane alone in the basis of example 1.
Comparative example 2 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as in example 1 were followed except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with propyltrimethoxysilane alone in the base of example 1.
Test case
The basalt fiber composite materials with chemical resistance and high temperature resistance of the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-2 are subjected to test by injection molding into standard sample bars according to national standards, and the concrete process is as follows:
the Vicat softening point is tested according to GB/T1633-2000, and the test result is recorded.
The tensile strength and elongation at break (A test pieces) were tested with reference to GB/T1040.5-2008, and the test results were recorded.
Chemical resistance test: the invention adopts 50% acetone aqueous solution, 5% aqueous solution (cleaning agent 1) of commercial cleaning agent Libai detergent and 5% aqueous solution (cleaning agent 2) of blue moon laundry detergent as objects to test chemical resistance of a sample, the sample is soaked in the 50% acetone aqueous solution for 4 hours, the temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the soaked sample is washed by clean water and dried in the shade, and the tensile strength retention rate of the sample is tested. The test sample is soaked in a 5% aqueous solution of a whitening detergent or a 5% aqueous solution of a blue moon laundry detergent for 7 days, the temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the soaked test sample is washed by clear water and dried in the shade, and the tensile strength retention rate is tested.
The specific test results of the composites of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, the addition of the composite silane coupling agent to the basalt composite material can make the basalt fiber dispersed more uniformly in the composite material, and the high temperature resistance of the basalt fiber can be more easily exerted, and as can be seen from the comparison of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2, the vicat softening points of the samples of examples 1 to 5 are at a higher level, whereas the use of a single silane coupling agent is relatively low. The applicant proposes a possible mechanism for the phenomenon: the composite silane coupling agent can enable the basalt fibers to be more uniformly dispersed in the resin base material in the injection molding process, so that the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing fibers is more easily exerted, the dimensional stability is ensured, and the softening point is improved. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the data of table 1, the addition of the composite silane coupling agent to the basalt fiber composite material can significantly improve the chemical resistance of the composite material, and for relatively strong-polarity acetone, the strength retention rate of the composite material after the addition of the composite silane coupling agent is significantly higher than that of the composite material after the addition of the composite silane coupling agent, because the silane coupling agent can react with functional groups on the surface of the basalt fiber to generate grafts in the mixing and blending processes, wherein the fatty chains of the silane coupling agent wrap the surface of the basalt fiber, so that the solvent resistance of the basalt fiber is improved. The long-chain fatty chain has better solvent resistance, can increase the solvent resistance of the composite material, and the short-chain fatty chain can lead basalt fiber to be more uniformly dispersed, promote the long-chain fatty chain silane coupling agent to exert the effect, promote the long-chain fatty chain silane coupling agent and the long-chain fatty chain silane coupling agent to mutually promote the long-chain fatty chain silane coupling agent, promote the tolerance of the composite material to organic solvents which can be contacted in daily use, promote the chemical resistance of the composite material, and ensure the strength retention rate of the composite material in the long-term use process.
The basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures comprises 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 20 parts by weight of basalt fiber, 10 parts by weight of composite silane coupling agent, 5 parts by weight of compatilizer, 1 part by weight of color masterbatch, 1 part by weight of composite antioxidant, 10 parts by weight of curing agent, 0.5 part by weight of curing accelerator and 40 parts by weight of glass fiber cloth.
The epoxy resin is E-20, the basalt fiber monofilament diameter is 10 mu m, the tensile strength is 4000MPa, the elastic modulus is 100GPa, and the composite silane coupling agent is tridecyl trimethoxy silane and ethyl trimethoxy silane, and the weight ratio of the composite silane coupling agent to the ethyl trimethoxy silane is 5:5The composite antioxidant is formed by mixing an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168 in a weight ratio of 2:1, the curing agent is tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, the curing accelerator is 2-methylimidazole, and the glass fiber cloth is alkali-free twill glass fiber cloth with a weight ratio of 300g/m 2 。
And (5) placing the basalt fiber in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for drying for 12 hours. Mixing epoxy resin, basalt fiber, composite silane coupling agent, compatilizer, color master batch and composite antioxidant in a high-speed mixer for 10min, adding curing agent and curing accelerator, mixing for 10min, impregnating glass fiber cloth with the epoxy resin composition, adding into a mold, and finally performing compression molding on the mold.
The temperature of the high-speed mixer is 60 ℃, the compression molding temperature is 100-150 ℃, the molding time is 5-10 min, and the molding pressure is 5-10 MPa.
Example 7 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 6 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with tridecetrimethoxysilane and ethyltrimethoxysilane in a weight ratio of 6:4 based on example 6.
Example 8 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 6 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with tridecetrimethoxysilane and ethyltrimethoxysilane in a weight ratio of 7:3 based on example 6.
Example 9 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as example 6 were obtained except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with tridecyl trimethoxy silane and ethyl trimethoxy silane in a weight ratio of 8:2 based on example 6.
Example 10 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures was the same as example 6 except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with tridecetrimethoxysilane and ethyltrimethoxysilane mixed at a weight ratio of 9:1 based on example 6.
Comparative example 3 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as in example 6 were followed except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with tridecyl trimethoxy silane in the basis of example 6.
Comparative example 4 a basalt fiber composite material resistant to chemicals and high temperatures the same parameters as in example 6 were followed except that the composite silane coupling agent was replaced with ethyltrimethoxysilane in the same manner as in example 6.
Test case
The basalt fiber composite materials with chemical resistance and high temperature resistance of examples 6 to 10 and comparative examples 3 to 4 are subjected to standard spline cutting after being molded by national standard compression molding, and are tested, and the specific process is as follows:
the Vicat softening point is tested according to GB/T1633-2000, and the test result is recorded.
The tensile strength and elongation at break (A test pieces) were tested with reference to GB/T1040.5-2008, and the test results were recorded.
Chemical resistance test: the invention adopts 30% acetone aqueous solution, 5% aqueous solution (cleaning agent 1) of commercial cleaning agent Libai detergent and 5% aqueous solution (cleaning agent 2) of blue moon laundry detergent as objects to test chemical resistance of a sample, the sample is soaked in the 30% acetone aqueous solution for 4 hours, the temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the soaked sample is washed by clean water and dried in the shade, and the tensile strength retention rate of the sample is tested. The test sample is soaked in a 5% aqueous solution of a whitening detergent or a 5% aqueous solution of a blue moon laundry detergent for 7 days, the temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the soaked test sample is washed by clear water and dried in the shade, and the tensile strength retention rate is tested.
The specific test results of the composites of examples 6 to 10 and comparative examples 3 to 4 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in table 2, similar to the PC/PET-based basalt composite material described above, the addition of the composite silane coupling agent to the basalt composite material can make the basalt fiber dispersed more uniformly in the composite material, and can more easily exhibit the high temperature resistance of the basalt fiber. As is evident from the comparison of examples 6 to 10 and comparative examples 3 to 4, the samples of examples 6 to 10 each have a higher Vicat softening point, while the use of a single coupling agent is relatively low. Meanwhile, the data in table 2 also show that the chemical resistance of the composite material can be obviously improved after the composite silane coupling agent is used, the chemical resistance of the sample can be improved after the composite silane coupling agent is compounded, and particularly the resistance to organic solvents possibly contacted in the daily use process is ensured, so that the strength retention rate of the composite material in the long-term use process is ensured.
It should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. For the foregoing description of the various method embodiments, a series of combinations of actions are described for simplicity of explanation, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of actions described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps from that shown and described herein. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments and that the acts and elements referred to are not necessarily required in the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following components: resin matrix, basalt fiber, composite silane coupling agent and compatilizer, wherein,
resin matrix: 100 parts of
Basalt fiber: 20-40 parts
Composite silane coupling agent: 5-15 parts
And (3) a compatilizer: 5-15 parts of a lubricant;
the composite silane coupling agent is formed by compounding a long-chain silane coupling agent and a short-chain silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the long-chain silane coupling agent to the short-chain silane coupling agent is 9:1-5:5;
the long-chain silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent with a carbon chain length of 10-15, and the short-chain silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent with a carbon chain length of 2-5; the long-chain silane coupling agent is one or more of decyl trimethoxy silane, decyl triethoxy silane, undecyl trimethoxy silane, undecyl triethoxy silane, dodecyl trimethoxy silane, dodecyl triethoxy silane, tridecyl trimethoxy silane, tridecyl triethoxy silane, tetradecyl trimethoxy silane, tetradecyl triethoxy silane, pentadecyl trimethoxy silane and pentadecyl triethoxy silane; the short-chain silane coupling agent is one or more of ethyl trimethoxy silane, ethyl triethoxy silane, propyl trimethoxy silane, propyl triethoxy silane, butyl trimethoxy silane, butyl triethoxy silane, amyl trimethoxy silane and amyl triethoxy silane.
2. The chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the resin matrix is one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether ether ketone, epoxy resin, melamine resin and phenolic resin.
3. The chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material according to claim 2, wherein the basalt fiber monofilament has a diameter of 5-20 μm, a tensile strength of 3000-5000 mpa and an elastic modulus of 90-120 gpa.
4. The chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material according to claim 3, wherein the compatilizer is one or more of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride, polyethylene grafted methyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene grafted ethyl (meth) acrylate, polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride, polypropylene grafted methyl (meth) acrylate, polypropylene grafted ethyl (meth) acrylate, MABS and ABS grafted maleic anhydride.
5. The chemical and high temperature resistant basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein said composite material further comprises other reinforcing fibers, color masterbatch, antioxidant and lubricant.
6. The chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material according to claim 5, wherein the resin matrix is a thermoplastic raw material, the thermoplastic raw material and basalt fiber are put into a drying oven to be dried, then a composite silane coupling agent and a compatilizer are put into the drying oven to be mixed, and after the mixing is finished, other auxiliary agents are added to be continuously mixed; and (5) putting the mixed materials into a double-screw extruder for extrusion molding to obtain the composite material.
7. The chemical-resistant and high-temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the resin matrix is a thermosetting raw material, the thermosetting prepolymer, the basalt fiber, the composite silane coupling agent and the compatilizer are mixed, and after the mixing is finished, the mixture is put into a die to be pressed and molded, and the composite material is obtained.
8. A fire-fighting equipment made of the chemical-resistant, high temperature-resistant basalt fiber composite material of claim 5.
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