CN1159224C - Process and equipment for preparing aluminium polychloride - Google Patents
Process and equipment for preparing aluminium polychloride Download PDFInfo
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- CN1159224C CN1159224C CNB021209324A CN02120932A CN1159224C CN 1159224 C CN1159224 C CN 1159224C CN B021209324 A CNB021209324 A CN B021209324A CN 02120932 A CN02120932 A CN 02120932A CN 1159224 C CN1159224 C CN 1159224C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method taking hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide as raw materials to produce polyaluminium chloride, which comprises two processes of reaction and static polymerization, wherein in the reaction process, a proper quantity of chlorine is blown into the mixed liquid of hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide, and chlorine blown in reacts with water in hydrochloric acid solution to generate hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid. The hypochlorous acid is used as a catalyst of the chemical reaction, and the catalyst enables the hydrochloric acid and the aluminium hydroxide to quickly react to generate aluminum hydroxychloride under the conditions of approaching to normal temperature and normal pressure; thus, the production technology and the production equipment of polyaluminium chloride can be greatly simplified, and the production period is obviously shortened. In addition, a polyaluminium chloride finished product produced by the present invention has hypochlorous acid in a complexation mode. Compared with a polyaluminium chloride product produced in a pressurization reaction method, the polyaluminium chloride finished product has stronger actions of sterilization, algae killing, decolorization and disinfection. The polyaluminium chloride is a water purifying agent with high quality and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for producing polyaluminium chloride by using hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide as raw materials, in particular to a method and a device for producing polyaluminium chloride under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure.
Background
According to the formula, polyaluminum chloride, also called basic aluminum chloride or aluminum hydroxychloride, is a hydrolysate between aluminum hydroxide and aluminum chloride and has the chemical formula [ Al2(OH)nCl6-n]m is less than or equal to 10, and n is 1-5. The polyaluminium chloride is a macromolecular compound polymerized by hydroxyl bridging, so the polyaluminium chloride is very easy to dissolve in water and can be hydrolyzed to generate a series of physical and chemical actions such as coagulation, adsorption, precipitation and the like; therefore, polyaluminum chloride is often used as a flocculant for purifying drinking water, domestic sewage, industrial water supply and industrial wastewater to remove impurities such as iron, cadmium, fluorine ions, radioactive pollutants and oil slick from the water. When the polyaluminium chloride is used as a water purifying agent, the activity of the polyaluminium chloride is related to the number of chlorine atoms in the molecules of the aluminium hydroxychloride, and the activity of the polyaluminium chloride is better when the number of the chlorine atoms is larger.
In the prior art, the method for producing polyaluminium chloride by using hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide as raw materials mainly comprises two processes of pressure reaction and standing polymerization. The pressurized reaction is to react hydrochloric acid with aluminum hydroxide under the condition of heating and pressurizing to generate aluminum hydroxychloride and water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
the static polymerization is that the hydroxyl aluminum chloride generated by the pressure reaction is naturally polymerized into the finished product of the polyaluminum chloride [ Al]through static polymerization2(OH)nCl6-n]m. The method has the outstanding defects that the temperature in the reaction kettle is increased to 150-157 ℃ by using superheated steam, and the pressure is increased to 0.27-0.34 Mpa, so that the hydrochloric acid and the aluminum hydroxide can react to generate the aluminum hydroxychloride; therefore, the production process and production equipment are complicated. Moreover, the reaction speed of the hydrochloric acid and the aluminum hydroxide is quite slow, and the reaction can be completed within 4-5 hours generally, so the production period is relatively long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for producing polyaluminium chloride by using hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide as raw materials, so that the hydrochloric acid and the aluminium hydroxide can rapidly generate chemical reaction to generate aluminium hydroxychloride and water under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, thereby greatly simplifying the production process and production equipment of the polyaluminium chloride and obviously shortening the production period.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention blows a proper amount of chlorine gas (CL) into the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide during the reaction2). Since the chlorine gas blown into the mixed solution of hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide reacts with water in the hydrochloric acid solution to produce hydrochloric acid (HCL), hypochlorous acid (HCL) and a very small amount of other oxychloride, the H content of the mixed solution can be rapidly increased+The ion concentration. More importantly, hydroxyl carried by the hypochlorous acid molecules and hydroxyl carried by the aluminum hydroxide molecules generate a 'bridging tendency' to weaken the chemical bond relation between aluminum ions and the hydroxyl in the aluminum hydroxide molecules, so that the hydrochloric acid and the aluminum hydroxide can quickly generate a chemical reaction under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to generate aluminum hydroxychloride and water.
It is noted that since hypochlorous acid has a hydroxyl group in its molecular structure, it has better compatibility with aluminum hydroxide than hydrochloric acid. That is, when the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the mixed solution is sufficient to react with aluminum hydroxide, hypochlorous acid does not directly chemically react with aluminum hydroxide, but merely acts as a catalyst for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with aluminum hydroxide. In this case, the reaction of hydrochloric acid with aluminum hydroxide will be carried out in two steps in practice. Firstly, hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide are subjected to primary reaction by taking hypochlorous acid as a catalyst to generate primary aluminum hydroxychloride and water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
then, the hydrochloric acid and the primary aluminum hydroxychloride react further to generate aluminum hydroxychloride and water by taking hypochlorous acid as a catalyst, and the reaction formula is as follows:
As is clear from the reaction formulae (B), (C) and (D), the number of chlorine atoms carried in the molecule of the aluminum hydroxychloride product depends largely on the content of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the hydrochloric acid involved in the reaction. Generally, when the reaction proceeds to (B), the preliminary production of polyaluminum chloride is completed.
It is also to be noted that hypochlorous acid, as a reaction catalyst, will remain in the finished polyaluminium chloride solution and carry OH by itself-The ions are complexed with the hydroxyl groups of the polyaluminium chloride molecules, so that the finished polyaluminium chloride becomes the polyaluminium chloride complexed with hypochlorous acid. The hypochlorous acid has strong oxidation effect, so that the effects of quick sterilization, algae killing, decoloration and disinfection can be achieved in the water quality purification process. In this sense, the polyaluminium chloride complexed with hypochlorous acid produced by the method has stronger effects of sterilization, algae killing, decoloration and disinfection than the polyaluminium chloride produced by a pressure reaction method, thereby being a more effective water purifying agent.
The device for producing the polyaluminium chloride by using the method can consist of a reaction kettle, a hydrochloric acid metering cylinder, a causticization alkali liquor pool and a precipitation polymerization pool. A hot water jacket and a stirring paddle are arranged in the reaction kettle, a hydrochloric acid feeding port, an aluminum hydroxide feeding port and a pressure gauge are arranged at the top of the reaction kettle, a chlorine blow-in valve and a chlorine spreading spray pipe are arranged at the lower part of the reaction kettle, and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the reaction kettle; the hydrochloric acid metering cylinder is connected with a hydrochloric acid feed port of the reaction kettle through a valve; the causticized alkali liquor pool is connected with a hydrochloric acid feed port of the reaction kettle through a residual gas discharge valve, and alkali liquor for absorbing acid gas is contained in the causticized alkali liquor pool; the precipitation polymerization tank is a slant bottom tank and is positioned below a discharge valve of the reaction kettle, the upper part of the deep side of the precipitation polymerization tank is connected with a finished product storage tank through a finished product pump, and the lower part of the deep side of the precipitation polymerization tank is connected with an aluminum hydroxide feed port of the reaction kettle through a recovery pump.
In the above-mentioned apparatus, hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide are fed into the reaction vessel through a hydrochloric acid feed port and an aluminum hydroxide feed port, respectively, and chlorine gas is blown into the reaction vessel through a chlorine gas blow-in valve and a chlorine gas dispersion nozzle. Chlorine gas blown into the reaction kettle reacts with water in the hydrochloric acid solution to generate hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid, and the hydrochloric acid reacts with aluminum hydroxide to generate aluminum hydroxychloride and water by taking the hypochlorous acid as acatalyst. After the generated aluminum hydroxychloride and hypochlorous acid are put into a precipitation polymerization tank through a discharge valve and are stood still, the aluminum hydroxychloride can be naturally polymerized into polyaluminum chloride and complexed with the hypochlorous acid. The finished polyaluminium chloride complexed with hypochlorous acid is gathered at the upper part of the precipitation polymerization tank, and most of the precipitate at the bottom of the tank is primary aluminium hydroxychloride which is not completely reacted.
In conclusion, the invention can make hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide react rapidly to generate aluminum hydroxychloride under the condition of approximate normal temperature and normal pressure, thereby greatly simplifying the production process and production equipment of polyaluminium chloride and obviously shortening the production period. In addition, the finished product of the polyaluminium chloride produced by the method is complexed with hypochlorous acid, and has stronger functions of sterilization, algae killing, decoloration and disinfection than the polyaluminium chloride produced by a pressure reaction method. The technical features of the method and apparatus for producing polyaluminium chloride according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the composition of an apparatus for producing polyaluminum chloride according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, when hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide are used as raw materials to produce polyaluminum chloride by the invention, firstly, hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide are respectively fed into a reaction kettle 1 from a hydrochloric acid feeding port 3 and an aluminum hydroxide feeding port 2 according to the feeding proportions given by the reaction formulas (A) and (B), wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is more than or equal to 31 percent. In order to accurately control the input amount of the hydrochloric acid, the hydrochloric acid is pumped into a hydrochloric acid metering cylinder 5 from a hydrochloric acid storage tank 4 by a hydrochloric acid pump 17, and is metered and then is input into the reaction kettle 1 through a valve 18. After the feed inlet 2 and the feed inlet 3 were closed, circulating hot water was introduced into the hot water jacket of the reaction vessel 1 through the circulating inlet 8 and the circulating outlet 9 to maintain the contents of the reaction vessel 1 at 30 to 40 ℃. At the same time, chlorine gas is blown into the reaction kettle 1 through the chlorine gas blowing valve 6 and the chlorine gas dispersing spray pipe, and the motor 7 is started to drive the stirring paddle to stir the materials in the reaction kettle 1. When the pressure in the reaction kettle 1 reaches 0.02-0.03Mpa, stopping blowing the chlorine and continuously stirring the materials for at least 80 minutes to ensure that the materials are fully subjected to chemical reaction. Then stopping stirring, opening a hydrochloric acid feeding port 3 and a residual gas discharging valve 11, and introducing the residual acid gas in the reaction kettle 1 into a causticized alkali liquor pool 16 to be absorbed by alkali liquor so as to avoid environmental pollution caused by directly discharging the acid gas into the atmosphere. And then opening the feeding port 2 and the discharge valve 10, putting the reacted materials into a precipitation polymerization tank 12 through the discharge valve, standing for 8-12 hours, and automatically polymerizing the hydroxyl aluminum chloride generated by the reaction into polyaluminum chloride and complexing with hypochlorous acid to obtain a finished polyaluminum chloride product. The finished polyaluminium chloride is a glassy transparent liquid and is gathered at the upper part of a precipitation polymerization tank (the density is more than or equal to 1.21, the content of alumina is more than or equal to 12 percent, and the basicity is more than or equal to 60 percent), and the finished polyaluminium chloride can be conveyed into a finished product storage tank 14 by a finished product pump 13 at the upper part of the deep side of the precipitation polymerization tank. Most of the sediment deposited at the bottom of the precipitation polymerization tank is the aluminium hydroxychloride semi-finished product which is not completely reacted, and the sediment can be sent back to the reaction kettle 1 again by using a recovery pump 15 at the lower part of the deep side of the precipitation polymerization tank for reaction again.
In conclusion, the invention takes hypochlorous acid as a catalyst to enable hydrochloric acid and aluminum hydroxide to rapidly generate chemical reaction to generate aluminum hydroxychloride under the condition of approximate normal temperature and normal pressure, thereby greatly simplifying the production process and production equipment of polyaluminum chloride and obviously shortening the production period. Moreover, compared with the polyaluminium chloride produced by a pressurized reaction method, the produced polyaluminium chloride product complexed with hypochlorous acid has stronger sterilization, algae killing, decoloration and disinfection effects, and is a high-quality and high-efficiency water purifying agent.
Claims (3)
1. The invention relates to a method for producing polyaluminium chloride by using hydrochloric acid and aluminium hydroxide as raw materials, which comprises two processes of reaction and standing polymerization, namely firstly, the hydrochloric acid and the aluminium hydroxide react to generate aluminium hydroxychloride and water, and then the aluminium hydroxychloride generated by the reaction naturally polymerizes into the polyaluminium chloride by standing, and the method is characterized in that: and in the reaction process, chlorine is gradually blown into the mixed solution of the hydrochloric acid and the aluminum hydroxide, and the blowing of the chlorine is stopped when the pressure of the blown chlorine in the reaction kettle reaches 0.02-0.03 MPa.
2. The method for producing polyaluminum chloride as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the reaction process is 31% or more, and the initial reaction temperature in the reaction tank is 30 to 40 ℃.
3. The device for producing the polyaluminium chloride according to the claim 1, which is characterized by consisting of a reaction kettle, a hydrochloric acid metering cylinder, a causticization lye pool and a precipitation polymerization pool; the reaction kettle is internally provided with a hot water jacket and stirring slurry, the top of the reaction kettle is provided with a hydrochloric acid feed port, an aluminum hydroxide feed port and a pressure gauge, the lower part of the reaction kettle is provided with a chlorine blow-in valve and a chlorine spreading spray pipe, and the bottom of the reaction kettle is provided with a discharge valve; the hydrochloric acid metering cylinder is connected with a hydrochloric acid feed port of the reaction kettle through a valve, and an alkali liquor for absorbing residual acid gas is contained in the tank; the precipitation polymerization tank is an inclined bottom tank and is positioned below a discharge valve of the reaction kettle, the upper part of the deep side of the precipitation polymerization tank is connected with a finished product storage tank through a finished product pump, and the lower part of the deep side of the precipitation polymerization tank is connected with an aluminum hydroxide feeding port of the reaction kettle through a recovery pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021209324A CN1159224C (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Process and equipment for preparing aluminium polychloride |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021209324A CN1159224C (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Process and equipment for preparing aluminium polychloride |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1381401A CN1381401A (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| CN1159224C true CN1159224C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
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| CNB021209324A Expired - Fee Related CN1159224C (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2002-06-12 | Process and equipment for preparing aluminium polychloride |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100361898C (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2008-01-16 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method and technique for preparing Nano type sol of polyaluminium chloride in high purity |
| CN101734702B (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2012-07-25 | 天津润沃供水安装工程有限公司 | Device and method for generating liquid high purity nanometer polyaluminium chloride |
| TWI415950B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-11-21 | Univ Nat United | Condensed method and system for alum recovery from sludge |
| CN102295305A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2011-12-28 | 岳阳安泰实业有限公司 | Production method of polyaluminium chloride |
| CN104743594B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-12-19 | 重庆蓝洁广顺净水材料有限公司 | Polyaluminium chloride process units |
| CN104743589B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆蓝洁广顺净水材料有限公司 | The energy-saving clean production system of polyaluminium chloride |
| CN104743590B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-10-31 | 重庆蓝洁广顺净水材料有限公司 | The solid polyaluminium chloride reaction unit of environment-protecting clean |
| CN104226094A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 常熟市承禹环境科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly polyaluminum ferric chloride production device |
| CN104226227A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 常熟市承禹环境科技有限公司 | Device for preparing poly aluminum chloride |
| CN105498670B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-03-20 | 山东天健水处理科技有限公司 | One kind production aluminium polychloride reactor |
| CN112158936A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-01 | 北京环球中科水务科技有限公司 | Inorganic polymer phosphorus removal agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1381401A (en) | 2002-11-27 |
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Granted publication date: 20040728 |