CN115922144A - Austenitic stainless steel welding wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel welding wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The application provides an austenitic stainless steel welding wire and a preparation method thereof. The content of each element in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire provided by the application is expressed by weight percentage as follows: c:0.01 to 0.03%, mn:0.5 to 3.5%, si:0.2 to 1.5%, cr:15.0 to 25.0%, ni: 9.0-20.0%, P is less than or equal to 0.030%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, mo:1.0 to 4.0%, N: 0.02-0.20%, ce:0.01 to 0.10%, V:0.1 to 1.0%, ca:0.001 to 0.03%, al:0.01 to 0.05%, fe:45.54 to 73.15 percent. In the smelting process of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, after gas in a vacuum induction furnace is pumped out, argon is filled, so that the alloy solution in the vacuum induction furnace can be protected, nitrogen elements in the alloy solution can be prevented from overflowing in a nitrogen form, and the nitrogen content in the alloy solution can be further controlled. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire provided by the application has higher tensile strength, higher elongation and lower pitting corrosion rate, so that the austenitic stainless steel welding wire can be applied to a metal welding process.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field related to metal manufacturing, in particular to an austenitic stainless steel welding wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, mechanical property and welding property, and is widely applied to the fields of petrochemical industry, pressure vessels, nuclear power, ships, automobiles, household appliances and the like. In the manufacturing process of stainless steel equipment, welding is a main connection mode, and a welding wire is a welding material with high benefit, low cost and high quality, inherits the advantage of adjustable welding rod components, overcomes the defect that the welding rod cannot continuously and automatically weld, and has the advantages of high efficiency, attractive weld forming and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve the above-described problems. The application provides an austenitic stainless steel welding wire and a preparation method thereof, the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are improved by reasonably allocating the content of each element in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, and meanwhile, argon is injected in the smelting process, so that not only is the alloy solution protected, but also the nitrogen content in the alloy solution can be controlled, and the thermoplasticity and the hot-working performance of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are improved.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an austenitic stainless steel welding wire comprising the following elements, expressed in weight percentages:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％。
wherein, the weight percentage ratio of C1= Ca/Al is more than 0.03.
Wherein, the weight percentage ratio, C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is greater than 0.38.
Wherein the total content of C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe in percentage by weight is more than 97%.
Wherein the pitting corrosion resistance equivalent weight of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is more than or equal to 25.
Wherein the austenitic stainless steel welding wire comprises the following elements, expressed in weight percent:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：1.0～2.5％，Si：0.3～1.0％，Cr：18.0～20.0％，Ni：11.0～14.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.015％，Mo：2.0～3.0％，N：0.05～0.15％，Ce：0.01～0.05％，V：0.1～0.5％，Ca：0.001～0.01％，Al：0.01～0.02％，Fe：59.72～66.52％。
wherein C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.05; c2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is greater than 0.53.
Wherein the total content of the C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe in percentage by weight is more than 99%.
Wherein the pitting corrosion resistance equivalent weight of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is more than or equal to 28.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of manufacturing an austenitic stainless steel welding wire as described above, comprising the steps of:
1) Melting an iron raw material, a chromium raw material, a manganese raw material, a nickel raw material, a vanadium raw material, a calcium raw material, an aluminum raw material, a molybdenum raw material and a cerium raw material in a vacuum induction furnace to obtain an alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire;
2) Processing the alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire in the step 1) to obtain the austenitic stainless steel welding wire.
Wherein, step 1) still includes: and in the melting process, flushing argon into the vacuum induction furnace to protect the alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire.
Preferably, the raw materials melted in the vacuum induction furnace in step 1) may be provided as desired raw materials by stainless steel returns. For example, the stainless steel return includes carbon, nitrogen, and silicon, and the carbon, nitrogen, and silicon required in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire can be provided by the stainless steel return.
Preferably, in the step 2), the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is obtained by forging, hot rolling, heat treatment, acid washing, drawing and rolling the alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire in the step 1). The parameters required by all the stages in this step can be set as required, for example, the parameters corresponding to the hot rolling stage include temperature and duration, the temperature can be set to 1200-1230 ℃, and the duration can be 40-80 mins.
Preferably, during the melting process, argon is flushed into the vacuum induction furnace at a gas flow rate of 1.5-2.5L/min until the gas pressure in the vacuum induction furnace reaches 4-5 KPa, so as to protect the alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire.
According to the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, the contents of all elements in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are reasonably allocated, so that the austenitic stainless steel welding wire has good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. The utility model provides an austenitic stainless steel welding wire is including smelting in the preparation process, forge, the hot rolling, thermal treatment, the pickling, draw, the rolling process, in the smelting process, after managing to find time the gas in the vacuum induction furnace, pour into the argon gas, the argon gas is inert gas, it is very stable, can protect the alloy solution in the vacuum induction furnace, can prevent again that the nitrogen element in the alloy solution from overflowing with the form of nitrogen gas, and then the nitrogen content in the control alloy solution, the thermoplasticity and the hot workability ability of austenitic stainless steel welding wire have been improved. A large amount of stainless steel returns are used as raw materials in the smelting process, so that the cost is saved, and the environment is protected.
The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to the present application comprises the following elements, and the contents of each element are expressed in weight percent as follows:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.02％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％。
the function and the content of each element in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are explained as follows:
c is an austenite forming element, and a high C content increases the strength of the austenitic stainless steel wire and the deposited metal, but too high a C content deteriorates the toughness and plasticity of the austenitic stainless steel wire, and increases the amount of spatter during welding. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the C element is limited to the range of 0.01 to 0.05% by weight. Preferably, the weight percentage of the element C is in the range of 0.01 to 0.03%.
The austenitizing capability of the Mn element is weak, and the Mn element is used for adjusting the microstructure of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire. Mn element is burned off during welding, and when Mn content is too low, austenite structure cannot be sufficiently obtained, but when Mn content is too high, mnS inclusion is formed, deteriorating corrosion resistance and hot workability of the austenitic stainless steel wire. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the Mn element is limited to the range of 0.5 to 3.5% by weight. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Mn element is in the range of 1.0 to 2.5%.
Si element is used as a deoxidizer to remove a certain oxygen content in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire and keep the cleanliness of steel. Si promotes the fluidity of the clad metal, but too high Si content forms high-temperature ferrite in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, deteriorating the performance of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of the Si element is limited to the range of 0.2 to 1.5%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Si element ranges from 0.3 to 1.0%.
Cr is a ferrite-forming element, and the passivation effect of the Cr element can prevent a cladding layer metal from being corroded by air and improve the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, but when the Cr content is too high, a harmful sigma phase is easily generated by long-time high-temperature heat treatment, so that the microstructure stability of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is poor. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the Cr element is limited to the range of 15.0 to 25.0% by weight. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Cr element is in the range of 18.0 to 20.0%.
Ni is an austenite forming element, can effectively inhibit the formation of delta ferrite when weld metal is solidified, and can ensure the microstructure stability of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire in the using process. However, too high Ni content causes instability of austenite elements, and decreases the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel wire. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the Ni element is limited to the range of 9.0 to 20.0% by weight. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Ni element ranges from 11.0 to 14.0%.
P is a harmful impurity element, a low-melting-point phase is easily formed when an austenitic stainless steel welding wire is used for welding and solidifying, the forming tendency of welding thermal cracks is increased, an embrittlement phase is easily formed in a grain boundary in the long-time high-temperature heat treatment process, and the welding strength is reduced. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage range of the P element is defined to be 0.030% or less. However, the doping of the P element is unavoidable in the production process of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, so the content of the P element in percentage by weight is generally more than 0.
S is a harmful impurity element which has an adverse effect on both the thermoplasticity and the corrosion resistance of the weld. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the range of the weight percentage of the S element is defined to be 0.020% or less. Preferably, the weight percentage of the S element is less than or equal to 0.015%. However, the doping of the S element is inevitable in the production process of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, so the content of the S element in percentage by weight is generally more than 0.
The Mo element can improve corrosion resistance and tempering resistance at high strength and high temperature of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire. However, the Mo content should not be too high in consideration of the production cost. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of Mo element is limited to the range of 1.0 to 4.0%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Mo element ranges from 2.0 to 3.0%.
N is a solid solution strengthening element, and can improve the strength and the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire. However, when the N content is too high, a void welding defect is liable to occur during the use of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, and the toughness of the weld is reduced. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of the N element is limited to the range of 0.02 to 0.20%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the N element is in the range of 0.05-0.15%.
The Ce element can deteriorate impurities and deeply purify molten steel, stabilize the crystal boundary and phase boundary of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire, avoid the microscopic defects of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire and improve the corrosion resistance of a welding line. However, the Ce content should not be too high in consideration of production cost. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of Ce element is limited to a range of 0.01 to 0.10%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Ce element is 0.01-0.05%.
The element V has strong affinity with the element N, can promote the precipitated phases V (C, N) or V (N) of the steel grade to be dispersed and precipitated under the driving action of the element N, and improves the strength of the welding seam. However, too high V deteriorates the welding performance of the austenitic stainless steel wire. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of the V element is limited to the range of 0.1 to 1.0%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the element V is in the range of 0.1 to 0.5%.
The Ca element is added in a trace amount for alloying, so that calcium aluminate can be formed, the fluidity of molten steel is improved, the form of inclusions is changed, and the corrosion resistance of a welding line is improved. However, since Ca has a low solubility in molten steel, the Ca content should not be too high. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of Ca element is limited to the range of 0.001 to 0.03%. Preferably, the content of Ca is in the range of 0.001 to 0.01% by weight.
Al is an important deoxidizer and can improve the purity of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire. However, excessive Al forms Al oxides, which deteriorate the toughness of the weld. Therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of Al element is limited to the range of 0.01 to 0.05%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Al element ranges from 0.01 to 0.02%.
Fe is a basic metal element of stainless steel, and in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, the weight percentage of Fe element is limited to be in the range of 45.54-73.15%. Preferably, the weight percentage of the Fe element is within the range of 59.72-66.52%.
Meanwhile, ca element and Al can form calcium aluminate, so that the fluidity of molten steel is improved, and chain Al in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire can be ensured 2 O 3 Since the austenitic stainless steel welding wire has substantially no inclusions and has improved corrosion resistance, the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application is limited to a range of C1= Ca/Al of more than 0.03. Preferably, the range of C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.05.
Meanwhile, C, ni, and N are all austenite forming elements, and Cr and Si are all ferrite forming elements, and therefore, in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application, a range of C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is defined to be greater than 0.38. Preferably, the range of C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is greater than 0.53.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the austenitic stainless steel welding wire has better corrosion Resistance, the austenitic stainless steel welding wire further defines that Pitting Resistance Equivalent PREN (Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number) = Cr% +3.3 × Mo% +16 × N% of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is more than or equal to 25. Preferably, the pitting corrosion resistance equivalent PREN is 28 or more. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire has good corrosion resistance.
Also, the present application defines that the total weight percent content of C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe is greater than 97%. It is further defined that the total content of C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe in percentage by weight is greater than 99%. In addition to the above components, the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application may contain small amounts of other unavoidable impurities.
The beneficial effects of selecting the above ranges of the contents of the components in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application will be illustrated by specific experimental data given by examples.
The following are examples of preferable value ranges of each component included in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to the present application.
Preferred example 1
The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to the present application comprises the following elements, expressed in weight percentages:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％。
preferred example two
The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to the present application comprises the following elements, expressed in weight percentages:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％；
wherein the weight percentage ratio C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.03.
Preferred example three
The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to the present application comprises the following elements, expressed in weight percentages:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％；
wherein the weight percent ratio C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.03, and the weight percent ratio C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is greater than 0.38.
Preferred example four
The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to the present application comprises the following elements, expressed in weight percentages:
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％；
wherein, the weight percentage ratio C1= Ca/Al is more than 0.03, the weight percentage ratio C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is more than 0.38, and the total weight percentage content of the C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe is more than 97%.
Preferred example five
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％；
Wherein, the weight percentage ratio C1= Ca/Al is more than 0.03, the weight percentage ratio C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is more than 0.38, the total weight percentage content of the C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe is more than 97%, and the pitting corrosion resistant equivalent of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is more than or equal to 25%.
Preferred example six
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：1.0～2.5％，Si：0.3～1.0％，Cr：18.0～20.0％，Ni：11.0～14.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.015％，Mo：2.0～3.0％，N：0.05～0.15％，Ce：0.01～0.05％，V：0.1～0.5％，Ca：0.001～0.01％，Al：0.01～0.02％，Fe：59.72～66.52％。
Wherein C1= Ca/Al greater than 0.05 and C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) greater than 0.53.
Preferred example seven
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：1.0～2.5％，Si：0.3～1.0％，Cr：18.0～20.0％，Ni：11.0～14.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.015％，Mo：2.0～3.0％，N：0.05～0.15％，Ce：0.01～0.05％，V：0.1～0.5％，Ca：0.001～0.01％，Al：0.01～0.02％，Fe：59.72～66.52％。
Wherein C1= Ca/Al is more than 0.05, C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is more than 0.53, the total content of the C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe in percentage by weight is more than 99%, and the pitting corrosion resistance equivalent of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is more than or equal to 28.
Preferred example eight
C：0.015～0.03％，Mn：1.2～2.2％，Si：0.3～0.8％，Cr：18.0～20.0％，Ni：12.0～14.0％，P≤0.025％，S≤0.015％，Mo：2.5～3.0％，N：0.05～0.15％，Ce：0.02～0.04％，V：0.2～0.4％，Ca：0.003～0.008％，Al：0.01～0.018％，Fe：60.32～64.70％。
Preferable example nine
C：0.015～0.03％，Mn：1.2～2.2％，Si：0.3～0.8％，Cr：18.0～20.0％，Ni：12.0～14.0％，P≤0.025％，S≤0.015％，Mo：2.5～3.0％，N：0.05～0.15％，Ce：0.02～0.04％，V：0.2～0.4％，Ca：0.003～0.008％，Al：0.01～0.018％，Fe：60.32～64.70％；
Wherein C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.1, C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is greater than 0.60, and the pitting corrosion resistance equivalent of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is not less than 31.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The basic idea of the application is that the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are improved by reasonably allocating the content of each element in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire; the austenitic stainless steel welding wire comprises the processes of smelting, forging, hot rolling, heat treatment, acid washing, drawing and rolling in the preparation process, in the smelting process, after gas in a vacuum induction furnace is pumped out, argon is flushed into the vacuum induction furnace, the argon is inert gas, the austenitic stainless steel welding wire is very stable, alloy solution in the vacuum induction furnace can be protected, nitrogen elements in the alloy solution can be prevented from overflowing in the form of nitrogen, the nitrogen content in the alloy solution is further controlled, and the thermoplasticity and hot processing performance of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are improved.
Specific content values of C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al and Fe elements in the austenitic stainless steel welding wire are selected as an embodiment, and three performance parameters are selected: tensile strength (MPa), elongation (%), pitting corrosion rate (g/(m) 2 H)) to illustrate the beneficial effects of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application.
The three parameters and the measurement method thereof are well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, the mechanical properties and the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application can be strongly described by using the parameters.
The specific process of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
1) Smelting: melting a stainless steel return material, an iron raw material, a chromium raw material, a manganese raw material, a nickel raw material, a vanadium raw material, a calcium raw material, an aluminum raw material, a molybdenum raw material and a cerium raw material in a vacuum induction furnace according to preset weight, evacuating gas in the vacuum induction furnace in the melting process, then flushing argon into the vacuum induction furnace at a gas flow rate of 2L/min until the gas pressure in the vacuum induction furnace reaches 4.5KPa, and obtaining an alloy solution of an austenitic stainless steel welding wire; obtaining a round ingot with phi 160mm by die casting;
2) Forging: heating the round ingot obtained in the step 1) at 1200-1230 ℃, and forging the round ingot into a square billet with a cross section of 45 mm.
3) Hot rolling: heating the square billet obtained in the step 2) at 1200-1230 ℃ for 60mins, and rolling into a wire rod with the diameter of 5.8 mm;
4) And (3) heat treatment: preserving the heat of the wire rod obtained in the step 3) for 30mins at the temperature of 1030-1080 ℃;
5) Acid washing: soaking the wire rod obtained in the step 4) in a mixed acid solution of nitric acid (the concentration is 90-100 g/L) and hydrofluoric acid (the concentration is 30-40 g/L) for 60mins;
6) Drawing: drawing the wire rod obtained in the step 5) through the processes of phi 5.8 mm-phi 5.0 mm-phi 4.0 mm-phi 3.3 mm-phi 2.8 mm-phi 2.5 mm-continuous annealing-phi 1.9 mm-phi 1.7 mm-phi 1.58mm to obtain an austenitic stainless steel welding wire with the diameter of phi 1.6mm, wherein the continuous annealing temperature is 1030-1080 ℃;
7) Winding: and (4) winding the austenitic stainless steel welding wire obtained in the step 6) into a wire coil.
To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present application, comparative example 1 is given as a comparative example, and it should be noted that "after the gas in the vacuum induction furnace is evacuated, argon gas is introduced into the vacuum induction furnace" is not performed in the smelting step of the welding wire preparation process of comparative example 1, and the other preparation processes are all consistent with the examples.
Table 1 shows the elemental composition and performance test results of the austenitic stainless steel welding wires of examples 1 to 9 and the welding wire of comparative example 1 of the present application. Wherein, the content of each element is expressed by weight percentage. It is to be noted that the total content of the components of the examples is slightly less than 100%, and it is understood that the residual amount is a trace amount of impurities or a small amount of components which cannot be separated out.
TABLE 1
From the test results of the above examples and comparative examples, we can see that the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the present application has higher tensile strength, higher elongation, lower pitting corrosion rate. Therefore, the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of the application achieves breakthrough progress and achieves unexpected technical effects. In addition, the austenitic stainless steel welding wire uses a large amount of stainless steel returns as raw materials in the smelting process, so that the cost can be saved, and the environment can be protected.
Finally, it should be noted that: in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An austenitic stainless steel welding wire, characterized in that it comprises the following elements, expressed in weight percentage:
C：0.01～0.05％，Mn：0.5～3.5％，Si：0.2～1.5％，Cr：15.0～25.0％，Ni：9.0～20.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.020％，Mo：1.0～4.0％，N：0.02～0.20％，Ce：0.01～0.10％，V：0.1～1.0％，Ca：0.001～0.03％，Al：0.01～0.05％，Fe：45.54～73.15％。
2. the austenitic stainless steel welding wire of claim 1, wherein the ratio of C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.03 in weight percent.
3. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 1, wherein C2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) is greater than 0.38 in weight percent ratio.
4. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire of claim 1, wherein the combined weight percent content of C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al, and Fe is greater than 97%.
5. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 1, wherein the austenitic stainless steel welding wire has a pitting resistance equivalent of 25 or more.
6. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 1,
C：0.01～0.03％，Mn：1.0～2.5％，Si：0.3～1.0％，Cr：18.0～20.0％，Ni：11.0～14.0％，P≤0.030％，S≤0.015％，Mo：2.0～3.0％，N：0.05～0.15％，Ce：0.01～0.05％，V：0.1～0.5％，Ca：0.001～0.01％，Al：0.01～0.02％，Fe：59.72～66.52％。
wherein C1= Ca/Al is greater than 0.05; c2= (C + Ni + N)/(Cr + Si) greater than 0.53.
7. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire of claim 6, wherein the combined weight percent content of C, mn, si, cr, ni, P, S, mo, N, ce, V, ca, al, and Fe is greater than 99%.
8. The austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 6, wherein the austenitic stainless steel welding wire has a pitting resistance equivalent of 28 or more.
9. A method for preparing the austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
1) Melting an iron raw material, a chromium raw material, a manganese raw material, a nickel raw material, a vanadium raw material, a calcium raw material, an aluminum raw material, a molybdenum raw material and a cerium raw material in a vacuum induction furnace to obtain an alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire;
2) And (2) processing the alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire in the step 1) to obtain the austenitic stainless steel welding wire.
10. The method for preparing the austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 9, wherein step 1) further comprises: and in the melting process, flushing argon into the vacuum induction furnace to protect the alloy solution of the austenitic stainless steel welding wire.
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