CN115920794A - Natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and a preparation method thereof, wherein a shell material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is polydopamine, a core material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is argyi leaf oil, and the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule encapsulating the argyi leaf oil is prepared by carrying out in-situ self-polymerization on dopamine on the surface of droplets of a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsion solubilized by using a dimethyl diethoxysilane (DMDES) as a raw material through a soft template method. The microcapsule prepared by the invention is micron-sized, has monodispersity and higher sphericity, and has the average size of 1 mu m; the microcapsule has higher encapsulation efficiency on the blumea oil, and the highest encapsulation efficiency can reach 21.5 percent of the total mass of the microcapsule. The invention overcomes the defects of high cost, environmental pollution and the like caused by using a large amount of surfactant in the classical emulsion, and has simple preparation process; can overcome the defects of volatile and unstable blumea oil; the antibacterial agent has good monodispersity and certain antibacterial effect; and the slow release of the blumea oil can be realized, so that the potential long-acting antibacterial effect is realized. The natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule with monodispersity is prepared, and has wide application potential in the industrial production of the aromatic microcapsule.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antibiosis and microcapsules, in particular to a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Natural antibacterial agents refer to a class of substances having a complex structure extracted from animals, plants in nature, or produced by metabolism of microorganisms. The natural antibacterial agent has strong antibacterial property, safety and no toxicity, and is widely applied in the fields of food packaging, antibacterial textiles and the like. The plant natural antibacterial agent has the advantages of wide source, low cost, edible and medicinal values, mature preparation technology and remarkable antibacterial effect. The essential oil extracted from aromatic plants and medicinal plants by steam distillation or solvent extraction has bioactivity, antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and can be used as natural antibacterial agent of plant source, such as essential oil of folium Artemisiae Argyi, oleum Caryophylli, thyme oil, cortex Cinnamomi essential oil, rosemary essential oil and vanillin, and has remarkable inhibitory effect on bacteria.
The mugwort leaf oil is a main medicinal component of mugwort, is a natural antibacterial agent, has broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, high efficiency and no toxicity, and has good health care effect on human bodies. Typically a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong wormwood aroma. The main components of the medicine are ethers, alcohols, ketones, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and the like. The oleum folium Artemisiae Argyi has antibacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, analgesic, hemostatic, anticoagulant, antioxidant, and anticancer effects, and has obvious effect in inhibiting Bacillus anthracis. However, the blumea oil has the characteristic of being extremely unstable in air, light and heat, and the application of the blumea oil in actual production and life is greatly limited.
The microcapsule technology provides a good solution for the application of volatile oil such as argyi leaf oil. For example, in chinese patent CN201510247830.9, a method for preparing polydopamine aromatic microcapsule by emulsifying aromatic essential oil with surfactant is proposed, and the prepared microcapsule has good biocompatibility and can realize slow release of essential oil. Microencapsulation is to wrap a sensitive core material which is not divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances and solid-liquid-gas states into a closed high polymer material to form a micro-capsule, and the micro-capsule has the functions of slow release, oxidation resistance, environment isolation, core material protection and the like. The microcapsule has good chemical stability and physical stability, and can realize the slow release of essential oil.
Polydopamine is a natural polymer inspired by marine mussels and has many special functions, such as adhesion, hydrophilicity, ultraviolet resistance and biodegradability. When the microcapsule wall material is used as a microcapsule wall material, the microcapsule wall material is easy to deposit on the surface of a core material, has good thickness controllability and good biocompatibility, and is an ideal wall material for a natural essential oil slow release system. At present, the polydopamine capsule can be widely applied to delivery of medicines, fertilizers and pesticides.
The soft template method is characterized in that dimethyl diethoxysilane (DMDES) is used as a raw material, oil-in-water Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsion droplets obtained by hydrolysis and condensation are used as a core material template, the droplets are easy to remove, and compared with a classical emulsion stabilized by a surfactant, the soft template method has the characteristics of small particle size, monodispersity and high stability; meanwhile, because the surfactant is not used, the problems of environmental pollution and cost caused by difficult recovery of the surfactant are avoided. At present, no relevant report is found for applying the soft template method to the preparation of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules containing the argy wormwood leaf oil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the prior art problem that the application of the blumea oil is difficult due to the fact that the blumea oil is volatile and unheated when the blumea oil is used as a natural antibacterial agent, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and a preparation method thereof. Under the protection of the polydopamine shell material, the direct contact between the blumea oil and the environment is reduced, and the adhesion of the polydopamine shell material can be enhanced, so that the subsequent utilization and processing are facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is characterized in that a core material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is folium artemisiae argyi oil, a shell material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is polydopamine, the folium artemisiae argyi oil is loaded in the polydopamine microcapsule, and the folium artemisiae argyi oil is changed into a solid powder form from an oily liquid; the natural antibacterial microcapsule is spherical, and the particle size is in the range of 0.5-2 microns. The core material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is argyi leaf oil, and the shell material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is polydopamine.
Further, the natural antibacterial agent is blumea oil.
Further, emulsion is prepared by using a DMDES hydrolysis condensation soft template method, dopamine is utilized to generate self-polymerization reaction under the alkaline aerobic condition, and in-situ polymerization is carried out on the surface of a core material, so that the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is obtained.
Further, the average size of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule particles is 1 μm.
The invention provides a preparation method of a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule, which comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out catalytic hydrolysis condensation on DMDES in ammonia water with a certain concentration to form PDMS silicone oil droplets, emulsifying for a certain time, and adding the blumea oil for ultrasonic treatment to obtain an emulsion for solubilizing the blumea oil;
2) Adding dopamine hydrochloride into a Tris-HCL buffer solution, and preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules by in-situ self-polymerization on the surface of emulsion droplets;
3) And carrying out post-treatment to obtain a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product.
Further, in the step 1), the oil phase of the emulsion is a mixture of silane emulsion and blumea oil, and the volume percentage of the DMDES is 1.5% -3.0%; the ammonia water accounts for 1.5-3.0% by volume, and the blumea oil accounts for 2.5-7.5% by volume.
Further, in the step 1), the volume fractions of the DMDES and the ammonia water are respectively 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0%.
Further, in the step 1), the volume percentages of the blumea oil are 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5%, respectively.
Further, in the step 1), the argy wormwood leaf oil is replaced by similar essential oil, such as eucalyptol, musk phenol, terpene alcohol and the like.
Further, in the step 1), the preparation method of the DMDES emulsion for solubilizing the oleum folium artemisiae argyi comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing DMDES and ammonia water, adding a certain amount of deionized water, and shaking by hand for one minute. Standing at 25 deg.C for 6 hr, adding a certain amount of oleum folium Artemisiae Argyi, slightly shaking and ultrasonic treating to obtain uniformly dispersed PDMS emulsion for solubilizing oleum folium Artemisiae Argyi.
Further, in the step 2), the dopamine in-situ self-polymerization reaction is carried out, the polymerization reaction temperature is controlled to be 10-30 ℃, the magnetic stirring speed is 600-1200r/min, and the reaction time is 12-36h.
Further, in the step 2), the water phase of in-situ polymerization is Tris-HCl buffer solution, the pH value is 8.0-9.5, and the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 1.0-3.0mg/mL.
Further, in the step 3), the post-processing method utilizes a centrifuge to separate the microcapsule from the mixed reaction liquid, washes the microcapsule for at least 3 times by using deionized water, and performs freeze drying for 24 hours by using liquid nitrogen to obtain black powder, namely the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product of blumea oil.
Further, in the step 3), the post-treatment method comprises the steps of carrying out suction filtration by using 0.45-micron polytetrafluoroethylene filter paper, separating the microcapsules from the mixed reaction liquid, washing the microcapsules by using deionized water for at least 3 times, and carrying out freeze drying for 24 hours by using liquid nitrogen to obtain black powder, namely the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product of the blumea oil.
Further, in the step 3), the highest encapsulation rate of the prepared natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product is not less than 20% of the total mass of the microcapsule. The method has a certain encapsulation rate on the blumea oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious and prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable advantages:
1. according to the invention, the blumea oil is microencapsulated, so that the application defects that the blumea oil is volatile and not heated can be effectively overcome;
2. the invention uses the soft template method to prepare the microcapsule, the emulsion stability is good, the monodispersity is good, the preparation method is simple, the emulsifier is not required to be removed, and the environment is friendly;
3. the dopamine hydrochloride undergoes self-polymerization reaction under the alkaline aerobic condition to form a microcapsule wall material, no additional monomer, initiator and the like are needed, no sealing and heating are needed, no organic solvent is used, no harmful substance is generated, the simple process and the used materials can better meet the requirements of environmental protection;
drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4. In the figure, a, b, c and d are scanning electron microscope pictures of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule according to the example 1, the example 2, the example 3 and the example 4 respectively.
Fig. 2 is a thermogravimetric plot of natural antimicrobial polydopamine microcapsules according to example 3. In the figure, a black curve is polydopamine, a red curve is argyi leaf oil, and a blue curve is a thermogravimetric curve of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule of example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the examples of the present application, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The reagents and raw materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments, which are detailed below:
the invention provides a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
example 1
In the embodiment, the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule has a core material of blumea oil and a shell material of polydopamine, wherein the blumea oil is loaded in the shell material of the slow-release type antibacterial microcapsule, and the blumea oil is changed into a solid powder form from an oily liquid; the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is spherical, and the particle size is in the range of 1-5 microns.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule of this embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1: carrying out hydrolytic condensation on the DMDES to form PDMS silicone oil droplets, emulsifying for a certain time, and adding the blumea oil to obtain an emulsion:
respectively weighing 0.225mL of DMDES and 0.225mL of ammonia water into a 10mL centrifuge tube, adding deionized water to 9mL, and uniformly mixing by hand shaking for one minute to serve as an oil phase of a silane emulsion for later use; standing for 6 hours at 25 ℃ to make the DMDES undergo hydrolytic condensation under the catalysis of ammonia water to obtain PDMS emulsion; adding 0.3mL of blumea oil into the prepared emulsion, slightly shaking and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniformly dispersed PDMS emulsion for solubilizing the blumea oil;
step 2: in-situ self-polymerization on the surface of emulsion by taking dopamine as a monomer:
preparing 36mL of 2.5mg/mL dopamine solution rapidly, and adding the solution into a 150mL beaker; adding the prepared silane emulsion into a dopamine solution, starting magnetic stirring, and reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ at the magnetic stirring speed of 800 revolutions per minute;
and step 3: and (3) post-treatment:
centrifuging the reaction solution at the centrifugal rate of 4000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and centrifuging and separating out the polydopamine microcapsules; washing the centrifuged product with deionized water, repeatedly washing and centrifuging for 3 times, treating the obtained microcapsule with liquid nitrogen, and freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product. The scanning electron micrograph is shown in inset b of FIG. 1.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule of this embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1: carrying out hydrolysis and condensation by using DMDES to form PDMS silicone oil droplets, emulsifying for a certain time, and adding blumea oil to obtain an emulsion:
respectively measuring 0.225mL of DMDES and 0.225mL of ammonia water in a 10mL centrifuge tube, adding deionized water to 9mL, and uniformly mixing by hand shaking for one minute to serve as an oil phase of the silane emulsion for later use; standing for 6 hours at 25 ℃ to perform hydrolytic condensation on the DMDES under the catalysis of ammonia water to obtain PDMS emulsion; adding 0.45mL of blumea oil into the prepared emulsion, slightly shaking and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniformly dispersed PDMS emulsion for solubilizing the blumea oil;
and 2, step: in-situ self-polymerization on the surface of emulsion by taking dopamine as a monomer:
preparing 36mL of 2.5mg/mL dopamine solution rapidly, and adding the solution into a 150mL beaker; adding the prepared silane emulsion into a dopamine solution, starting magnetic stirring, and reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ at the magnetic stirring speed of 800 revolutions per minute;
and step 3: and (3) post-treatment:
centrifuging the reaction solution at the centrifugal rate of 4000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and centrifuging and separating out the polydopamine microcapsules; washing the centrifuged product with deionized water, repeatedly washing and centrifuging for 3 times, treating the obtained microcapsule with liquid nitrogen, and freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product. The scanning electron micrograph is shown in inset c of FIG. 1.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule of this embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1: carrying out hydrolysis and condensation by using DMDES to form PDMS silicone oil droplets, emulsifying for a certain time, and adding blumea oil to obtain an emulsion:
respectively weighing 0.225mL of DMDES and 0.225mL of ammonia water into a 10mL centrifuge tube, adding deionized water to 9mL, and uniformly mixing by hand shaking for one minute to serve as an oil phase of a silane emulsion for later use; standing for 6 hours at 25 ℃ to make the DMDES undergo hydrolytic condensation under the catalysis of ammonia water to obtain PDMS emulsion; adding 0.6mL of blumea oil into the prepared emulsion, slightly shaking and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniformly dispersed PDMS emulsion for solubilizing blumea oil;
and 2, step: in-situ self-polymerization on the surface of emulsion by taking dopamine as a monomer:
preparing 36mL of 2.5mg/mL dopamine solution rapidly, and adding the solution into a 150mL beaker; adding the prepared silane emulsion into a dopamine solution, starting magnetic stirring, and reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ at the magnetic stirring speed of 800 revolutions per minute;
and 3, step 3: and (3) post-treatment:
centrifuging the reaction solution at the centrifugal rate of 4000 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and centrifuging and separating out the polydopamine microcapsules; and washing the centrifuged product by using deionized water, repeatedly washing and centrifuging for 3 times, treating the obtained microcapsule by using liquid nitrogen, and freeze-drying for 24 hours to obtain the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product. The scanning electron micrograph is shown in inset d of FIG. 1.
Example 4
In this example, the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules of examples 1, 2 and 3 and the polydopamine microcapsules containing no oleum folium artemisiae argyi were observed at 10k times using a scanning electron microscope of HITACHI brand, japan, and the scanning electron micrograph thereof is shown in fig. 1. FIGS. a, b, c and d are scanning electron micrographs of the polydopamine microcapsules without the blumea oil and examples 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In the electron microscope image, we can see that all the examples successfully synthesize the microcapsule, have a closed and complete shell structure, and present a spherical shape with the size in the range of 0.5-2 microns. The contrast shows that when the blumea oil is not added, a single dent exists on the surface of the microcapsule; the amount of the argyi leaf oil added in the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 is 0.3mL, 0.45mL and 0.6mL respectively, the surface of the microcapsule in the embodiment 2 is smooth, and the particle size is slightly smaller; example 3 microcapsules with optimal morphology, smooth surface, good monodispersity; the microcapsules of example 4 experienced inhomogeneity and decreased monodispersity. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed on the obtained natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule, and the result is shown in fig. 2
Example 5
In this example, the thermal stability of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules of example 3 was tested using a thermogravimetric analyzer (Q550) from TA, usa. And (4) observing the difference value between the thermal weight loss area of the TGA curve and the pure PDA microcapsule, and calculating to obtain the encapsulation efficiency of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule. The thermogravimetric graph is shown in fig. 2, and we can see that the encapsulation efficiency of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is 21.5%. The decomposition temperature of the blumea oil is increased from 0-180 ℃ to 300-490 ℃, and the thermal stability is greatly improved.
Example 6
This example relates to the determination of the antibacterial effect of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules of example 2.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing an LB liquid culture medium:
preparing 200ml LB liquid culture medium by using 2g of tryptone, 1g of yeast extract, 2g of sodium chloride and 200mL of ultrapure water, adjusting the pH to 7.0 by using 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution, subpackaging, and sterilizing for 20min by using high-pressure steam at 121 ℃ for later use;
step two: activation of test strains and preparation of bacterial suspension:
firstly, activating the preserved strain at 37 ℃ for 24h; the method comprises the following steps:
selecting two rings of thalli from inclined planes of various thalli stored at low temperature, inoculating the thalli into corresponding liquid culture media, and carrying out constant-temperature shaking culture for 24 hours at 37 ℃ and 120r/min to prepare activated bacterial suspension;
step three: and (3) antibacterial testing:
accurately weighing 50mg, 75mg and 100mg of samples in example 2 into a test tube, placing the test tube under an ultraviolet lamp for sterilization for 15min for standby, transferring 0.10ml of bacterial suspension and 9.9ml of liquid culture medium into the test tube containing the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules, and performing constant-temperature shaking culture for 24h at 37 ℃ and 120 r/min; meanwhile, a 9.9m liquid culture medium and 0.1ml bacterial suspension are independently cultured without adding natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules to serve as reference samples. And measuring the absorbance in the liquid culture medium, and calculating the bacteriostatic rate to obtain the result in the table 1. See table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of bacteriostasis rates of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules in example 3
The data in Table 1 show that the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule has a certain antibacterial effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, the bacteriostasis rate of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule on staphylococcus aureus can reach 20.4% under the concentration of 10mg/mL, and the bacteriostasis rate on escherichia coli can reach 15.8%.
To sum up, in the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule and the preparation method thereof according to the embodiments, the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule shell material is polydopamine, the core material is argyi leaf oil, and the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule encapsulating the argyi leaf oil is prepared by in-situ self-polymerization of dopamine on the surface of droplets of a Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsion solubilized by the soft template method by using dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDES) as a raw material. The shell material is polydopamine, has good adhesion synbiotic compatibility, and the core material blumea oil is a natural volatile oily substance and has broad-spectrum antibacterial performance. The microcapsule prepared by the invention is micron-sized, has monodispersity and higher sphericity, and has the average size of 1 mu m; the microcapsule has higher encapsulation efficiency on the blumea oil, and the highest encapsulation efficiency can reach 21.5 percent of the total mass of the microcapsule.
The embodiment uses the soft template method to prepare the microcapsule, overcomes the defects of high cost, environmental pollution and the like caused by using a large amount of surfactant in the classical emulsion, and has simple preparation process; the finally obtained natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule can overcome the defects of volatile and unstable blumea oil; the antibacterial agent has good monodispersity and certain antibacterial effect; and the slow release of the blumea oil can be realized, so that the potential long-acting antibacterial effect is realized. The natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule with monodispersity is prepared, and has wide application potential in the industrial production of the aromatic microcapsule.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made according to the purpose of the invention, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations or simplifications made according to the spirit and principle of the technical solution of the present invention should be replaced with equivalents as long as the object of the present invention is met, and the technical principle and the inventive concept of the present invention are not departed from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is characterized in that: the core material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is folium artemisiae argyi oil, the shell material of the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is polydopamine, the folium artemisiae argyi oil is loaded in the shell material of the slow-release type antibacterial microcapsule, and the folium artemisiae argyi oil is changed into a solid powder form from an oily liquid; the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule is spherical, and the particle size is in the range of 0.5-2 microns.
2. The natural antimicrobial polydopamine microcapsules of claim 1, wherein: the shell material of the slow-release antibacterial microcapsule is polydopamine.
3. The natural antimicrobial polydopamine microcapsules of claim 1, wherein: by a soft template method, dimethyl diethoxy silane (DMDES) is used as a raw material, and dopamine is subjected to in-situ self-polymerization on the surface of a liquid drop of an argyi oil-solubilized Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsion, so that the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule encapsulating the argyi oil is prepared.
4. A method for preparing the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Carrying out catalytic hydrolysis condensation on DMDES in ammonia water with a certain concentration to form PDMS silane emulsion, emulsifying for a certain time, and adding blumea oil for ultrasonic treatment to obtain emulsion for solubilizing blumea oil;
2) Adding dopamine hydrochloride into a Tris-HCL buffer solution, and preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules by in-situ self-polymerization on the surface of emulsion droplets;
3) And carrying out post-treatment to obtain a natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product.
5. The method for preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to claim 4, wherein the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules are prepared from the following raw materials: in the step 1), the oil phase of the emulsion is a mixture of PDMS silane emulsion and blumea oil, and the volume percentage of DMDES is 1.5% -3.0%; 1.5-3.0% of ammonia water by volume percent and 2.5-7.5% of blumea oil by volume percent;
or, in the step 1), the volume of the DMDES is respectively 0.135mL, 0.18mL, 0.225mL and 0.27mL;
the volumes of ammonia water are 0.135mL, 0.18mL, 0.225mL and 0.27mL respectively; the volume of oleum folium Artemisiae Argyi is 0.3mL, 0.45mL, and 0.6mL respectively.
6. The method for preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to claim 4, wherein the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules are prepared from the following raw materials: in the step 1), the argyi leaf oil is replaced by different natural essential oils, such as: eucalyptol, musk phenol, terpene alcohol, etc.
7. The method for preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 1), the preparation method of the PDMS silane emulsion comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out catalytic hydrolysis condensation on the DMDES in ammonia water with a certain concentration, shaking for one minute by hand, and standing for 6 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain the uniformly dispersed PDMS silane emulsion.
8. The method for preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 2), during in-situ polymerization on the surface of the emulsion droplet, the temperature of the polymerization reaction is controlled to be 10-30 ℃, the magnetic stirring speed is 600-1200r/min, and the reaction time is 12-36h.
9. The method for preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 2), the pH value of the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 8.0-9.5, and the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride in the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 1.0-3.0mg/mL.
10. The method for preparing natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules according to claim 4, wherein the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsules are prepared from the following raw materials: in the step 3), the post-treatment method is to separate the microcapsule from the mixed reaction liquid by using a centrifugal machine, wash the microcapsule for at least 3 times by using deionized water, and freeze-dry the microcapsule for 24 hours by using liquid nitrogen to obtain black powder, namely the natural antibacterial polydopamine microcapsule product of the blumea oil.
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