CN115917684A - Power capacitor and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Power capacitor and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115917684A
CN115917684A CN202080103219.8A CN202080103219A CN115917684A CN 115917684 A CN115917684 A CN 115917684A CN 202080103219 A CN202080103219 A CN 202080103219A CN 115917684 A CN115917684 A CN 115917684A
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China
Prior art keywords
capacitor
pair
case
mineral material
solid mineral
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CN202080103219.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
董轩
漆乐俊
杨瑞宵
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Hitachi Energy Co ltd
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Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/10Housing; Encapsulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/10Housing; Encapsulation
    • H01G2/103Sealings, e.g. for lead-in wires; Covers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/224Housing; Encapsulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/228Terminals
    • H01G4/236Terminals leading through the housing, i.e. lead-through

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

A power capacitor having a fire prevention function, and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The power capacitor includes an internal capacitor unit including a capacitor case (1), an element assembly (2) arranged in the capacitor case (1), an insulating fluid (3) filled in the capacitor case (1), a pair of bushings (4), and a pair of capacitor electrodes (5). The power capacitor further comprises an outer shell (7) in which the internal capacitor unit is arranged, and a non-combustible solid mineral material (8) filled between the outer shell (7) and the capacitor case (1). The pair of bushings (4) is configured to be hermetically fixed to and extend through the capacitor case (1) and the outer case (7), and the pair of capacitor electrodes (5) is configured to extend through the capacitor case (1) and the outer case (7) via the pair of bushings (4).

Description

Power capacitor and method for manufacturing the same
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a power capacitor having a fire prevention function, and a method of manufacturing the power capacitor.
Background
Power capacitors are widely used in underground/indoor substations, as well as in mining and other applications with high-level fire protection requirements.
Currently, a typical high voltage power capacitor includes a metal capacitor case and a plurality of capacitor elements electrically connected in parallel and series. Each of the capacitor elements comprises a plurality of very thin electrode layers made of aluminum foil and separated by a film of dielectric material. The film of dielectric material is typically in the form of a polymer film, such as a polypropylene film, and wound into a roll, which is flattened to enable stacking into an assembly of components. The assembly is disposed within a capacitor case filled with an insulating fluid.
Since the insulating fluid is a flammable material, a fire accident may occur once the insulating fluid leaks due to the rupture of the shell. Meanwhile, the filler material for dry capacitors cannot meet high-grade (e.g., UL 94V-0) fire protection requirements. Therefore, there is a strong market demand for reliable fire-resistant power capacitors.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure aims to provide a power capacitor with fire protection, which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art.
To this end, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a power capacitor including an internal capacitor unit including a capacitor case, an element assembly disposed in the capacitor case, an insulating fluid filled in the capacitor case, a pair of bushings, and a pair of capacitor electrodes. The power capacitor further includes an outer case in which the internal capacitor element is disposed, and a non-combustible (non-volatile) solid mineral material filled between the outer case and the capacitor case. The pair of bushings are configured to be hermetically fixed to and extend through the capacitor case and the outer case, and the pair of capacitor electrodes are configured to extend through the capacitor case and the outer case via the pair of bushings.
The effect obtainable on the basis of this structure is that the possibility of leakage of the insulating fluid is significantly reduced by adding an additional outer shell in combination with the non-combustible solid mineral material filled between the outer shell and the capacitor shell, thereby improving the fire protection properties of the power capacitor.
Further, since the optimized non-combustible solid mineral material has good thermal conductivity, the additional casing and the non-combustible solid mineral material layer do not affect the heat dissipation of the power capacitor when in use, thereby ensuring the thermal performance of the power capacitor.
In addition, the non-combustible solid mineral material has noise reduction performance, so that the acoustic performance of the power capacitor is improved.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-combustible solid mineral material includes at least one of sand, vermiculite, slag and perlite.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-combustible solid mineral material comprises sand and perlite in a volume ratio of 4:1.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the particle diameter of the non-combustible solid mineral material is from 1mm to 3mm.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-combustible solid mineral material is added with at least one of water, a solid-liquid phase change material, a fire-fighting fluid and a fire-fighting powder.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the moisture content of the non-combustible solid mineral material is from 0% to 60%.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the moisture content of the non-combustible solid mineral material is 30%.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing includes a housing having: a body having a top opening; and a top cover configured to be fixed to the body to cover the top opening, and provided with a pair of holes through which the pair of bushes pass.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the internal capacitor unit further comprises a sealing flange fitted over each of the bushings and hermetically fixed to the capacitor case.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the power capacitor further includes a sealing material filled between each of the bushings and the case.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, at least a portion of the capacitor case is configured as a wave structure or a convex structure.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the power capacitor further comprises a plurality of positioning members of equal thickness arranged between the capacitor case and the outer case to homogenize the non-combustible solid mineral material.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a power capacitor, the method comprising: providing an internal capacitor unit including a capacitor case, an element assembly disposed in the capacitor case, an insulating fluid filled in the capacitor case, a pair of bushings, and a pair of capacitor electrodes; providing a housing and arranging an internal capacitor unit in the housing; and providing a non-combustible solid mineral material and filling the non-combustible solid mineral material between the outer case and the capacitor case. The pair of bushings are configured to be hermetically fixed to and extend through the capacitor case and the outer case, and the pair of capacitor electrodes are configured to extend through the capacitor case and the outer case via the pair of bushings.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing includes: a body having a top opening; a top cover configured to be fixed to the body to cover the top opening, and provided with a pair of holes through which the pair of bushes pass.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: providing a plurality of locating members of equal thickness arranged between the capacitor case and the outer case to homogenize the non-combustible solid mineral material.
The method for manufacturing the power capacitor is easy to realize due to the fact that the non-flammable solid mineral materials are low in price, non-toxic and environment-friendly.
In general, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a)/an/the element, device, component, means, step, etc" are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of the element, device, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise.
Drawings
Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood by following the detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like numbers refer to the same or similar parts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power capacitor according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a bushing of the power capacitor shown in FIG. 1; and
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a water content and a thermal conductivity of a non-combustible solid mineral material of the power capacitor shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The implementation and use of various embodiments are discussed in detail below. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description is merely illustrative of specific ways to make and use the disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
It should be noted that the drawings are not only intended to illustrate and describe the present disclosure, but also to help explain the present disclosure when necessary.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a power capacitor according to the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the power capacitor according to the present disclosure mainly includes an internal capacitor unit, an outer case 7, and a non-combustible solid mineral material 8 filled between the outer case 7 and the internal capacitor unit.
The internal capacitor unit has a configuration similar to that of the power capacitor in the related art. Specifically, the internal capacitor unit mainly includes a capacitor case 1, an element assembly 2, an insulating fluid 3, a pair of bushings 4, and a pair of capacitor electrodes 5.
The capacitor case 1 is made of metal, such as stainless steel, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. The capacitor case 1 is provided with an opening 11 for injecting an insulating fluid 3 into the capacitor case 1. The element assembly 2 is constituted by stacking a plurality of capacitor elements electrically connected in parallel and in series, the element assembly 2 forming a capacitor core arranged in the capacitor case 1. Each of the capacitor elements comprises a plurality of very thin electrode layers made of aluminium foil and separated by films of dielectric material, such as polypropylene films, and the films of dielectric material are wound into a roll. The insulating fluid 3 filled in the capacitor case 1 may be insulating oil in which the element assembly 2 is immersed. As shown in fig. 1, the pair of bushings 4 are hermetically fixed to and extend through the top of the capacitor case 1. The pair of capacitor electrodes 5 electrically connected to the element assembly 2 extend through the top of the capacitor case 1 via the pair of bushings 4.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of one of the bushings 4 of the power capacitor shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the internal capacitor unit may further include a sealing flange 6 fitted over each of the bushings 4 and hermetically fixed to the capacitor case 1. Specifically, the pair of bushings 4 are made of an insulating material, such as ceramic, and a seal flange 6, which is fitted over each of the bushings 4 and is usually made of metal, is compressed and adhered to each bushing 4, and is welded to the top of the capacitor case 1 so as to cover a gap between the capacitor case 1 and the pair of bushings 4, thereby avoiding leakage of the insulating fluid 3 through the gap.
However, the insulating fluid 3 may leak out due to the rupture of the capacitor case 1 and cause a fire accident. The essence of the present disclosure is therefore to add an additional housing 7, wherein a non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is filled between the housing 7 and the capacitor case 1 in order to improve the fire protection performance of the power capacitor.
The case 7 in which the internal capacitor unit is arranged is made of metal, such as stainless steel, and is generally rectangular parallelepiped in shape. The case 7 is configured to be connected to a container accommodating a power capacitor by using a copper-braided wire to ensure reliable grounding. Specifically, in some embodiments, the housing 7 includes a body 71 and a cap 72. The body 71 has a top opening, and a top cover 72 is fixed to the body 71, for example, welded to the body 71, so as to cover the top opening. The top cover 72 is provided with a pair of holes through which the pair of bushes 4 pass. That is, the pair of bushings 4 of the internal capacitor unit are hermetically fixed to the case 7 and extend through the case 7 via the pair of holes, and the pair of capacitor electrodes 5 extend through the case 7 via the pair of bushings 4. In view of sealing performance, the power capacitor preferably includes a sealing material, such as urethane foam, which is filled between each of the bushings 4 and the top cover 72 of the housing 7 so as to cover a gap between edges of the pair of holes and the pair of bushings 4, thereby avoiding leakage of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 through the gap.
For example, the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 may include at least one of sand, vermiculite, slag, and perlite. Each of the sand, vermiculite and slag had good thermal conductivity, and a detailed comparison thereof is shown in the following table. It should be noted that "thickness" of the material refers to the distance between the outer case 7 and the capacitor case 1, and "Δ t" of the material refers to the temperature rise of the material when the power capacitor is used.
Figure BDA0004082397530000051
Perlite is a mineral substance that has a lower thermal conductivity than each of sand, vermiculite and slag. However, the perlite has a lower weight than each of the sand, vermiculite, and slag, and thus the weight of the power capacitor can be reduced. As a preferred example, the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 may be a mixture of sand and perlite, and the volume ratio of sand to perlite is preferably 4:1.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is 1mm to 3mm, which can improve the heat conduction performance and the noise reduction performance of the power capacitor.
Preferably, the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is added with water or a solid-liquid phase change material, such as paraffin, for improving the heat conducting properties of the power capacitor. The moisture content of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 may be from 0% to 60%. As a preferred example, the moisture content of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is 30%. In some embodiments, the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is alternatively added with a fire-retardant fluid and/or a fire-retardant powder.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the moisture content and the thermal conductivity of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 of the power capacitor. As shown in fig. 3, the thermal conductivity of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 will increase with its water content. However, considering that the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 has the function of absorbing/containing the leaked insulating fluid 3, the moisture content of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is unlikely to be too high.
Preferably, at least a portion of the capacitor case 1 is configured in a corrugated structure or a convex structure in order to increase a contact surface of the capacitor case 1 with the non-combustible solid mineral material 8, thereby further improving the heat conductive performance of the power capacitor.
The three-dimensional size of the outer case 7 is about 20mm to 40mm larger than that of the capacitor case 1. That is, the distance between the outer case 7 and the capacitor case 1, i.e., the thickness of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8, is about 10mm to 20mm. To facilitate positioning the capacitor case 1 in the outer case 7 and to distribute the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 evenly between the capacitor case 1 and the outer case 7, in some embodiments the power capacitor may further comprise a plurality of equally thick positioning members arranged between the capacitor case 1 and the outer case 7. It should be noted that the "thickness" direction of the positioning member corresponds to the thickness direction of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8. For example, in the case of the rectangular parallelepiped capacitor case 1 and the rectangular parallelepiped case 7, five equal-thickness positioning members may be provided on four lateral outer surfaces and a bottom outer surface of the capacitor case 1, respectively, or on five corresponding inner surfaces of the case 7, and the five equal-thickness positioning members have equal thicknesses so as to make the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 uniform when the internal capacitor unit is placed into the case 7.
A method for manufacturing the above power capacitor is described below.
First, an internal capacitor unit including a capacitor case 1, an element assembly 2, an insulating fluid 3, a pair of bushings 4, and a pair of capacitor electrodes 5 is provided. It should be noted that the capacitor elements forming the element assembly 2 are electrically connected in parallel and in series depending on the desired capacitor voltage, capacity and other parameters.
Then, the housing 7 preferably including the body 71 and the top cover 72 is provided, and the internal capacitor unit is placed into the body 71 of the housing 7. The positioning member of the above-described uniform thickness may be disposed on the outer surface of the capacitor case 1 or on the inner surface of the body 71 of the case 7.
Then, the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is provided and the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is filled between the body 71 of the outer case 7 and the capacitor case 1. In the case where water is added to the non-combustible solid mineral material 8, after mixing the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 with water, it is generally necessary to cover the resulting mixture with a polyethylene film and to stand it for about 24 hours so that the particles of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 can be uniformly dispersed and the mixture can be moisturized before use. Further, in the case where the positioning member of the same thickness is arranged, the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 may be filled to the bottom of the body 71 until reaching a positioning height (about 10mm to 20 mm) equal to the thickness of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 before the internal capacitor unit is placed into the body 71, and then the body 71 may be placed on the vibration table and the filling of the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is continued between the body 71 and the capacitor case 1.
Finally, after the non-combustible solid mineral material 8 is completely filled between the outer case 7 and the capacitor case 1, the top cover 72 is hermetically fixed to the body 71 and the pair of bushings 4. Specifically, the top cover 72 may be welded on the top of the body 71 by means of a welding robot, and then, since the pair of bushings 4 protrude out of the housing 7 through the holes provided in the top cover 72, a urethane foam nozzle may be disposed at a gap between the edges of the pair of holes and the pair of bushings 4 for introducing urethane foam into the gap, and finally the introduced urethane foam is molded and sealed by a urethane sealant.
Technical contents and technical features of the present disclosure have been disclosed above. However, it is contemplated that various changes and modifications to the above disclosed concepts may be made by those skilled in the art, while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure, while remaining within the inventive concepts of the present disclosure. The above description of embodiments is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive, and the scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. A power capacitor, comprising:
an internal capacitor unit, the internal capacitor unit comprising:
a shell (1) of the capacitor,
an element assembly (2) arranged in the capacitor housing (1),
an insulating fluid (3) filled in the capacitor case (1),
a pair of bushings (4),
a pair of capacitor electrodes (5);
a housing (7), in which housing (7) the internal capacitor unit is arranged; and
a non-combustible solid mineral material (8), the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) being filled between the outer shell (7) and the capacitor shell (1),
wherein the pair of bushings (4) is configured to be hermetically fixed to and extend through the capacitor case (1) and the outer case (1) (7), and the pair of capacitor electrodes (5) is configured to extend through the capacitor case (1) and the outer case (7) via the pair of bushings (4).
2. Power capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) comprises at least one of sand, vermiculite, slag and perlite.
3. A power capacitor according to claim 2, wherein the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) comprises sand and perlite in a volume ratio of 4:1.
4. Power capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) has a particle diameter of 1-3 mm.
5. Power capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) is added with at least one of water, a solid-liquid phase change material, a fire-fighting fluid and a fire-fighting powder.
6. Power capacitor according to claim 5, wherein the moisture content of the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) is 0-60%.
7. Power capacitor according to claim 6, wherein the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) has a moisture content of 30%.
8. A power capacitor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the housing (7) comprises:
a body (71), the body (71) having a top opening; and
a top cover (72), the top cover (72) being configured to be fixed on the body (71) to cover the top opening, and the top cover (72) being provided with a pair of holes through which the pair of bushes (4) pass.
9. A power capacitor according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the internal capacitor unit further comprises a sealing flange (6) fitted over each of the bushings (4) and hermetically fixed to the capacitor case (1).
10. The power capacitor according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a sealing material filled between each of the bushings (4) and the outer casing (7).
11. The power capacitor of any one of claims 1-7, wherein at least a part of the capacitor case (1) is configured as a wave-like structure or a convex structure.
12. A power capacitor according to any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a plurality of equally thick positioning members arranged between the capacitor case (1) and the outer casing (7) to homogenize the non-combustible solid mineral material (8).
13. A method of manufacturing a power capacitor, the method comprising:
providing an internal capacitor cell, the internal capacitor cell comprising:
a shell (1) of the capacitor,
an element assembly (2) arranged in the capacitor housing (1),
an insulating fluid (3) filled in the capacitor case (1),
a pair of bushings (4),
a pair of capacitor electrodes (5);
providing a housing (7) and arranging the internal capacitor unit in the housing (7); and
providing a non-combustible solid mineral material (8) and filling the non-combustible solid mineral material (8) between the outer shell (7) and the capacitor case (1),
wherein the pair of bushings (4) is configured to be hermetically fixed to and extend through the capacitor case (1) and the outer case (7), and the pair of capacitor electrodes (5) is configured to extend through the capacitor case (1) and the outer case (7) via the pair of bushings (4).
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the housing (7) comprises:
a body (7), said body (7) having a top opening; and
a top cover (72), the top cover (72) being configured to be fixed on the body (71) to cover the top opening, and the top cover (72) being provided with a pair of holes through which the pair of bushes (4) pass.
15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
providing a plurality of positioning members of equal thickness arranged between the capacitor casing (1) and the outer casing (7) to homogenize the non-combustible solid mineral material (8).
CN202080103219.8A 2020-08-18 2020-08-18 Power capacitor and method for manufacturing the same Pending CN115917684A (en)

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Family Cites Families (7)

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CN1114219C (en) * 1998-07-29 2003-07-09 锦州电力电容器有限责任公司 Dry self-healing high-voltage power capacitor
DE19918090A1 (en) * 1999-04-21 2000-11-02 Epcos Ag Power electronics component with improved thermal properties
CN202373456U (en) * 2011-12-14 2012-08-08 河南省电力公司鹤壁供电公司 Capacitor
CN102683004B (en) * 2012-01-14 2015-04-29 中网电气有限公司 Fireproof power capacitor
CN204067058U (en) * 2014-08-28 2014-12-31 铜陵泽辉电子有限责任公司 A kind of capacitor case
CN106158368A (en) * 2016-08-08 2016-11-23 凡音环保科技(苏州)有限公司 A kind of capacitor and encapsulating method

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