CN115912440A - Wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity - Google Patents
Wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-time scale operation method of a wind storage system for improving active power regulation capacity, which comprises the following steps: in order to reduce the conversion times of the energy storage charging and discharging states, the energy storage units are divided into charging and discharging groups to respectively bear the charging and discharging requirements, and the energy storage units in the charging and discharging groups are updated by adopting an energy storage unit dynamic grouping mechanism according to the charge states of the energy storage units; secondly, a multi-time scale operation model of the wind storage system is built based on a model prediction control method, and active power adjusting capacity of the wind power plant at different time scales is improved; and providing a power distribution strategy of the energy storage units, finely managing the ordered actions of the energy storage units and optimizing the power distribution of the energy storage output among the units. The wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving the active power regulation capacity can reduce the conversion times of the charging and discharging states of the stored energy, can realize that the wind storage system strictly executes a power generation plan, and can respond to the active power regulation requirement of the system in real time on the basis of realizing self stable grid connection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage power stations, in particular to a multi-time scale operation method of a wind storage system for improving active power regulation capacity.
Background
At present, wind power has poor active power regulation capability, and system power regulation pressure is intensified. The wind storage system adopts a reasonable regulation and control scheme, so that the power regulation characteristic of the wind power plant can be effectively improved, namely the power generation plan is tracked, the grid connection fluctuation is stabilized, and the capacity of responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system is realized. Students at home and abroad make certain research on the operation strategy for improving the active adjusting capacity of the wind storage system. However, the active power regulation capacity improving operation strategy proposed by research is mostly directed at the active power regulation capacity of a single time scale, and the problem of cooperation among the active power regulation capacities of different time scales is not considered; in addition, the service life of the battery energy storage is influenced by the charging and discharging conversion times, the mode of configuring two battery energy storages to meet the charging and discharging requirements respectively and the mode of optimally controlling the energy storage units in the single battery energy storage can effectively reduce the energy storage charging and discharging state conversion times, and the reduction of the energy storage charging and discharging state conversion times is considered when the operation strategy of the wind storage system is determined, so that the energy storage operation life can be prolonged, and the method is very necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to design a wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity, which can realize wind storage system multi-time scale operation for improving active power regulation capacity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active regulation capacity comprises the following steps:
step 1: the active adjusting capacity of the wind storage system is divided into two time scales of 15min and 5min, a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units is configured in the wind power plant and is respectively used for compensating deviation amount of every 15min and stabilizing wind power output fluctuation of every 5min and responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to a multi-time scale scheduling operation mode of a system participated by a conventional energy unit, combining wind power operation characteristics and adjustment requirements, dividing the active adjustment capability of a wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min, and configuring a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units, namely a battery energy storage unit A and a battery energy storage unit B in a wind power plant, wherein the battery energy storage unit A is used for compensating wind power output and power generation plan deviation amount every 15min, and the battery energy storage unit B is used for stabilizing wind power output fluctuation every 5min and implementing response to system frequency modulation requirements;
step 2: dividing the energy storage units of the double-battery energy storage pack into a charging pack and a discharging pack, and updating the energy storage units in the charging pack and the discharging pack through an energy storage unit dynamic grouping mechanism, wherein the energy storage units specifically comprise:
dividing the energy storage units of the battery energy storage group A and the battery energy storage group B into a charging group and a discharging group, wherein the number of the energy storage units in the charging group is m 1 The number of the energy storage units in the discharge group is m 2 If the period m 1 If the energy storage units in each charging group can not meet the charging requirement, the discharging group selects n energy storage units according to the SOC from small to large to assist in completing the charging shortage, wherein n is the minimum number of the charging shortage, and when m is the minimum number of the charging shortage, the discharging group selects n energy storage units according to the SOC from small to large 1 The charging of the n energy storage units is finished, and the next moment is that the n energy storage units assist in chargingThe energy storage units in the discharge group are added into the charge group, and n energy storage units are selected from the energy storage units in the charge group according to the SOC from large to small and are added into the discharge group, so that the energy storage units of the charge group and the discharge group are changed into m again 1 、m 2 If the charging and discharging groups in the time interval independently complete the total charging and discharging requirements, the energy storage units in the charging and discharging groups in the next time interval are kept unchanged, and if the energy storage units in the charging groups exist in the grouping process
The energy storage unit is added into a discharging group, the SOC minimum energy storage unit is selected from the discharging group and added into a charging group, the charge state and the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power of each energy storage unit are calculated, and the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power and the charge state of the charging and discharging groups of the battery energy storage groups A and B are calculated through summation, wherein the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power and the charge state of the charging and discharging groups of the battery energy storage groups A and B are as follows:
in the formula, S b,j,t 、
SOC and upper and lower limits of the energy storage unit j at the time t are respectively 0.8 and 0.2, and are used for changing the state of the accumulator>
For the power and capacity rating, P, of the energy storage unit j b,j,t 、/>
The action power and the maximum allowable power of the energy storage unit j at the moment t respectivelyCharging and discharging power, eta is charging and discharging efficiency, eta c 、η d Are all 0.9,T c An energy storage control period;
and step 3: the method comprises the steps that a double-battery energy storage group output scheme and wind storage system tracking plan power generation power are optimized in a rolling mode according to an MPC method, energy storage output is distributed to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group, and a wind storage system tracking power generation plan is achieved;
and 4, step 4: according to the MPC method, a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 5min and wind storage system stable fluctuation operation power are optimized in a rolling mode, the stored energy output is distributed to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group, the stable wind power grid connection fluctuation is achieved, on the basis of the stable wind power fluctuation, a wind storage system reserves a frequency modulation reserve, the system frequency modulation demand is responded in real time, the frequency modulation reserve and response power are distributed to the charging group and discharging group energy storage units, and the wind storage system responds to the system frequency modulation demand in real time;
and 5: and establishing evaluation indexes to evaluate the tracking power generation plan of the wind storage system, the wind power grid-connected fluctuation stabilization and the response frequency modulation requirement.
Optionally, in step 3, the double-battery energy storage pack output scheme every 15min and the wind storage system tracking planned generated power are optimized in a rolling manner according to the MPC method, specifically:
based on the current wind storage system power generation plan, the wind power actual power and the predicted power in the future time period, and the charging set, the discharging set and the energy storage state of the battery energy storage set A, the aim of optimizing the energy storage charge state and the energy storage power is minimum, and the constraint condition is considered, a wind storage system 15min scale operation model based on MPC is established, wherein the control period and the rolling step length are 15min, the prediction period is 1h, and a wind storage system 15min scale power balance equation is as follows:
establishing a state space equation of the wind storage system based on a 15min scale power balance equation of the wind storage system as a prediction model of the MPC:
D 1 ＝[1 0 0] T (8)
in the formula: p' gz,t The wind energy storage system generates power when the single group of the battery energy storage group A performs the energy storage action at the moment t,
a single group of energy storage action power of the battery energy storage group A at the moment t and a power increment and a judgment result compared with the previous moment>
Wind power every 15min and the power increment compared with the last moment, A 1 、B 1 、C 1 、D 1 For a matrix of model coefficients>
For battery energy storage pack A rated capacity, T c1 Taking the control period of the battery energy storage group A for 15min, and the state quantity is->
For the single group energy storage SOC average value of the battery energy storage group A, a control quantity>
Disturbance quantity->
An outputting quantity>
The method comprises the following steps of establishing a rolling optimization objective function of the 15min time scale wind storage system as follows:
in the formula, M is 5 time periods in the rolling optimization period;
establishing constraint conditions of the 15min time scale wind storage system, including an energy storage system operation constraint condition, a plan allowable deviation constraint condition and a plan shortage power assistance constraint condition, wherein the energy storage system operation constraint condition is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a charging group and the maximum discharging power of a discharging group of the battery energy storage group A at the time t are respectively; />
Respectively setting the SOC upper limit and the SOC lower limit of the battery energy storage group A;
the plan allowable deviation constraints are:
in the formula:
upper and lower limits, respectively, of the permissible deviation of the power generation plan>
For wind storage system power generation planning at time t, delta pc Allowing a deviation rate for the power generation schedule;
the planned deficit power assistance constraints are:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a discharging set and the maximum discharging power of a charging set of the battery energy storage set A at the time t are respectively;
according to the constraint conditions and in combination with the prediction model, solving to obtain P at the time t gz,t And
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and updating the state input quantity and repeating the steps when the scroll time reaches the next moment.
Optionally, in step 4, a double-battery energy storage pack output scheme is optimized in a rolling manner according to the MPC method every 5min, and the fluctuation-stabilizing operating power of the wind storage system is specifically:
based on the wind storage system tracking planned power generation power every 15min, the actual power of the wind power every 5min \ the predicted power in the future time period, the charging set, the discharging set and the energy storage state of the battery energy storage set B, the minimum of the energy storage SOC and the energy storage power is optimized, constraint conditions are considered, a wind storage system 5min scale operation model based on the MPC is established, wherein the control period and the rolling step length are 5min, the prediction period is 20min, and the wind storage system 5min scale stabilizing fluctuation power balance equation is as follows:
establishing a state space equation of the wind storage system as a prediction model of the MPC based on a 5min scale power balance equation of the wind storage system is as follows:
D 2 ＝[1 0 0] T (17)
in the formula:
the running power of the wind storage system after the single group of the battery energy storage group B stabilizes the fluctuation at the time t,
a single group of energy storage stabilizing fluctuating power of the battery energy storage group B at the time t and a power increment and a judgment unit at the previous time>
Respectively wind power every 5min and power increment compared with the last moment, A 2 、B 2 、C 2 、D 2 For a matrix of model coefficients>
Rated capacity, T, of battery energy storage pack B c2 For the control period of the battery energy storage group B, 5mi is takenn, the state quantity is
For the single group energy storage SOC average value of the battery energy storage group B, the control quantity>
Disturbance quantity->
Output quantity->
Establishing a rolling optimization objective function of the wind storage system with a 5min time scale as follows:
establishing constraint conditions of a 5min time scale wind storage system, including grid-connected power fluctuation constraint conditions and fluctuation out-of-limit power assistance constraint conditions, wherein the grid-connected power fluctuation constraint conditions are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for installed capacity of wind farm, is greater or less>
For the last moment of grid-connected power, delta, of the wind storage system bd Allowing fluctuation rate for grid connection;
the constraint conditions of the fluctuation out-of-limit power assistance are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a discharging group and the maximum discharging power of a charging group of the battery energy storage group B at the moment t are respectively; />
Solving the stabilizing fluctuation output of the wind storage system according to the constraint conditions and in combination with a prediction model
And the battery energy storage group B stabilizes the fluctuation output force>
Wherein it is present>
When the rolling time reaches the next moment, the state input quantity is updated and the steps are repeated, wherein, the time is obtained>
And then, reserving a frequency modulation reserve for the wind storage system and responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system in real time, and when the reserve cannot be provided by the stored energy, reducing the load of the fan under the constraint of grid-connected power fluctuation to reserve a reserve P wJz,t When the standby power responds to the system frequency modulation requirement, if the fan is in a load shedding state, the fan preferentially responds to the upper frequency modulation power, and the stored energy bears the residual frequency modulation requirement, wherein,
judging whether the energy storage unit can keep the minimum standby for stabilizing the fluctuation residual energy regulation capacity
If so, the SOC is within the primary limit value, and the energy storage unit additionally reserves the spare power for increasing the power/>
Calculating frequency modulation standby power on wind storage system
Lower frequency modulation standby power->
And the grid-connected power->
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, λ min Taking 0.1 as the minimum frequency modulation standby rate,
in order for the wind storage system to actually respond to the frequency modulated demand power,
distributing a stabilizing ripple power, P, to the energy storage unit wJcl,t And the output power is reduced for the wind power in real time.
Optionally, in step 3, the stored energy output is distributed to the energy storage units in the charging group and the discharging group according to the output scheme of every 15min and the tracking plan power generation power of the wind storage system, so as to implement the tracking plan power generation of the wind storage system, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of distributing priority according to the power of an energy storage unit, and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority;
s2: and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and establishing an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority.
Optionally, in step 4, the stored energy output is distributed to the energy storage units in the charging set and the discharging set according to the output scheme of every 5min and the steady fluctuation operation power of the wind storage system, so that the wind power grid connection fluctuation is stabilized, on the basis of stabilizing the wind power fluctuation, the wind storage system reserves the frequency modulation reserve, the system frequency modulation demand is responded in real time, the frequency modulation reserve is reserved and the response power is distributed to the energy storage units of the charging set and the discharging set, the frequency modulation demand of the wind storage system is responded in real time, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
d1: the method comprises the steps of distributing priority according to the power of an energy storage unit, and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority;
d2: establishing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and establishing an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority;
d3: and constructing a frequency modulation standby reservation response set, and establishing a power distribution strategy according to the set.
Optionally, in S1 or D1, the priority is assigned according to the power of the energy storage unit, and an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to the priority assigned to the energy storage unit, specifically:
determining the upper and lower limit values of SOC
And SOC secondary upper and lower limit value>
Comprises the following steps:
determining the action priority of the energy storage unit according to the SOC limit value, if the SOC of the energy storage unit is in the interval respectively
And & ->
If the SOC of the energy storage unit is in the interval respectively
And & ->
And the energy storage units belong to a first discharge priority, a second discharge priority and a third discharge priority, and an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to the energy storage unit distribution priorities, wherein the set comprises a set A, a set B and a set G 1 Set G 2 Set G 3 Set G 4 Set G 5 Set G 6 Set G 7 Set G 8 Set G 9 Set G 10 Set G 11 Set G 12 And set G 13 (ii) a Wherein the set A is the energy storage unit of the charging group, the set B is the energy storage unit of the discharging group, and the set G 1 Is->
Set G 2 Is composed of
Set G 3 Is->
Set G 4 Is->
Set G 5 Is->
Set G 6 As a set G 3 To set G 5 The common genus set A and the set G 1 Set G 2 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 7 Is set G 2 The common genus set A and the set G 4 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 8 Is set G 1 The common genus set A and the set G 5 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 9 Is set G 1 To set G 4 The common genus set A and the set G 2 Set G 5 The same genus set B, set G 10 Is set G 5 The same generic set A and the set G 1 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 11 For the discharge-assisting energy storage units in the charge group and the discharge-assisting energy storage units in the discharge group, set G 12 Is set G 11 Chinese generic set G 9 Set G 13 Is set G 11 Zhongcongener group G 10 。
Optionally, in S2 or D3, an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to the energy storage unit allocation priorities, and an energy storage unit power allocation policy considering the action priorities is established, specifically:
obtaining total distributed energy storage power of energy storage unit
And a maximum adjustable power->
If/or>
Then G is 6 The distributed power of the middle energy storage unit is as follows:
in the formula, g 6 Is set G 6 The number of the middle energy storage units;
if it is
Then G is 6 In the middle of the energy storage unit
The power is distributed, and the power shortage at the moment is calculated>
G 7 The middle energy storage unit is used for->
Is assigned->
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the difference power of the SOC primary limit value is not entered after the energy storage unit acts;
if it is
Then G is 6 、G 7 The middle energy storage unit is pressed
The action can not be completed, and the deficit power is calculated>
G 7 The middle energy storage unit can regulate the power according to the residual>
And G 8 Middle energy storage unit->
Is assigned->
Comprises the following steps:
when in use
Then, the total power shortage is calculated>
And the auxiliary power allocation strategy is used for carrying out the deficit power allocation, when/is>
G 12 The middle energy storage unit distributes power:
in the formula, g 12 Is set G 12 The number of the middle energy storage units is increased;
when in use
G 12 The middle energy storage unit can not complete the total shortage power and works at->
The power is distributed, and the total power shortage at the moment is calculated>
From G 13 And the middle energy storage unit is distributed:
if it is
Then all energy storage units>
Optionally, in step 5, an evaluation index is constructed to evaluate a wind storage system tracking power generation plan, wind power grid connection fluctuation stabilization and response frequency modulation requirements, and the evaluation specifically includes:
the construction evaluation indexes are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
t is 24h, W gz 、W bd 、W tp 、p gz 、pbd、p tp Respectively tracking planned deviation total power, power fluctuation out-of-limit total power, responding to frequency modulation demand deficit total power and corresponding occurrence probability, and based on the total power and the corresponding occurrence probability>
For the wind storage system to respond to the frequency modulation requirement, the battery energy storage charging and discharging conversion frequency index CS b Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P b,nz The last energy storage unit action power which is not 0.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: according to the wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving the active power regulation capacity, orderly actions of the energy storage units of the charging and discharging sets can be finely managed, the conversion times of the charging and discharging states of the energy storage are reduced, the wind storage system multi-time scale operation strategy provided by the method comprises two time scales of 15min and 5min, the wind storage system can strictly execute a power generation plan, and the active power regulation requirement of the system can be responded in real time on the basis of realizing self stable grid connection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind storage system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-time scale operation concept of the wind storage system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the priority of the energy storage unit operation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a set construction rule;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of power distribution to the energy storage units;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the effect of tracking a power generation plan;
fig. 7 is a SOC diagram of the battery energy storage pack a;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating grouping and unit operation of the battery energy storage pack a;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of wind power fluctuation stabilizing effect;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the response frequency modulation effect of the wind storage system;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating grouping and unit operation of the battery energy storage pack B;
fig. 12 is a SOC diagram of the battery energy storage pack B;
FIG. 13 is a diagram of an actual grid-connected effect of a wind storage system;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating the confidence of the wind storage system and the adjustment capability of the thermal power generating unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active regulation capacity, which can finely manage the ordered actions of energy storage units of a charging and discharging group, reduce the times of energy storage charging and discharging state conversion, realize strict execution of a power generation plan by a wind storage system, and respond to the active regulation demand of the system in real time on the basis of realizing self stable grid connection.
The wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving the active power regulation capacity provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: dividing the active adjusting capacity of a wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min, configuring a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units in a wind power plant, and respectively compensating the deviation amount of every 15min, stabilizing the wind power output fluctuation of every 5min and responding to the system frequency modulation requirement;
step 2: dividing the energy storage units of the double-battery energy storage pack into a charging pack and a discharging pack, and updating the energy storage units in the charging pack and the discharging pack through an energy storage unit dynamic grouping mechanism;
and step 3: the method comprises the steps of optimizing a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 15min and a wind storage system tracking plan power generation power in a rolling mode according to an MPC method, distributing the energy storage output to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group, and achieving a wind storage system tracking power generation plan;
and 4, step 4: according to the MPC method, a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 5min and wind storage system stable fluctuation operation power are optimized in a rolling mode, the stored energy output is distributed to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group, the stable wind power grid connection fluctuation is achieved, on the basis of the stable wind power fluctuation, a wind storage system reserves a frequency modulation reserve, the system frequency modulation demand is responded in real time, the frequency modulation reserve and response power are distributed to the charging group and discharging group energy storage units, and the wind storage system responds to the system frequency modulation demand in real time;
and 5: and establishing evaluation indexes to evaluate the tracking power generation plan of the wind storage system, the wind power grid-connected fluctuation stabilization and the response frequency modulation requirement.
The operation idea of the wind storage system with multiple time scales is shown in fig. 2, wherein predicted output before a wind power day is used as a next-day power generation plan, which is not described herein.
In step 1, dividing the active regulation capacity of the wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min, configuring a double-battery energy storage group consisting of a plurality of energy storage units in a wind power plant, and respectively compensating the deviation amount of each 15min, stabilizing the wind power output fluctuation of each 5min and responding to the system frequency modulation requirement, specifically:
referring to a multi-time scale dispatching operation mode of a conventional energy unit participation system, considering the active regulation capacity of a wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min by combining with the wind power operation characteristic and the regulation requirement, configuring a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units in a wind power plant, as shown in fig. 1, configuring a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units in the wind power plant according to the multi-time scale dispatching operation mode of the conventional energy unit participation system, combining with the wind power operation characteristic and the regulation requirement, dividing the active regulation capacity of the wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min, configuring the double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units in the wind power plant, namely a battery energy storage unit A and a battery energy storage unit B, wherein the battery energy storage unit A is used for compensating deviation amount between wind power output and power generation plan every 15min, and the battery energy storage unit B is used for stabilizing fluctuation of wind power output every 5min, reducing the number of conversion of the energy storage state and prolonging the service life of energy storage, dividing the energy storage units into a charging and discharging group to participate in the calling scheme, and when the charging and discharging group cannot independently undertake the charge and discharging tasks, selecting the energy storage unit to complete the power distribution of the other energy storage unit (or part of the energy storage unit to complete the charging and discharging task.
In step 2, dividing the energy storage units of the dual-battery energy storage pack into a charging pack and a discharging pack, and updating the energy storage units in the charging pack and the discharging pack through an energy storage unit dynamic grouping mechanism, specifically:
dividing the energy storage units of the battery energy storage group A and the battery energy storage group B into a charging group and a discharging group, wherein the number of the energy storage units in the charging group is m 1 The number of the energy storage units in the discharge group is m 2 If the period m is 1 If the energy storage units in each charging group can not meet the charging requirement, the discharging group selects n energy storage units according to the SOC from small to large to assist in completing the charging shortage, wherein n is the minimum number of the charging shortage, and when m is the minimum number of the charging shortage, the discharging group selects n energy storage units according to the SOC from small to large 1 After the charging of the n energy storage units is finished, the energy storage units in the n discharge groups for assisting the charging are added into the charging group at the next moment, and the n energy storage units in the charging group are selected from the energy storage units according to the SOC from large to small and added into the discharge group, so that the energy storage units of the charging and discharging groups are changed into m energy storage units again 1 、m 2 If the charging and discharging groups in the time interval independently complete the total chargingAnd the energy storage units in the charging and discharging groups in the next period are kept unchanged, and if the energy storage units in the charging groups exist in the grouping process, the energy storage units in the charging groups are in charge
The energy storage unit is added into a discharging group, the SOC minimum energy storage unit is selected from the discharging group and added into a charging group, the charge state and the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power of each energy storage unit are calculated, and the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power and the charge state of the charging and discharging groups of the battery energy storage groups A and B are calculated through summation, wherein the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power and the charge state of the charging and discharging groups of the battery energy storage groups A and B are as follows:
in the formula, S b,j,t 、
SOC and upper and lower limits of the energy storage unit j at the time t are respectively 0.8 and 0.2, and are used for changing the state of the accumulator>
For the power and capacity rating, P, of the energy storage unit j b,j,t 、/>
The j action power and the maximum allowable charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit at the time t are respectively, eta is the charging and discharging efficiency, eta is the maximum allowable charging and discharging power c 、η d Are all 0.9,T c An energy storage control period.
In step 3, a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 15min and a wind storage system tracking plan power generation power are optimized in a rolling mode according to an MPC method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the invention considers the influence brought by the change situation of the wind power in a period of time in the future when realizing the rolling optimization operation scheme according to the MPC method, and the general steps are as follows: firstly, establishing a prediction model based on a state space equation of a wind storage system; secondly, establishing a rolling optimization target and constraint conditions of the wind storage system, solving a rolling optimization model to obtain an optimization result within a period of time, and executing the first optimization result as an operation scheme of the wind storage system; finally, when the rolling time reaches the next moment, updating the state input quantity and repeating the steps;
based on the current wind storage system power generation plan, the wind power actual power and the predicted power in the future time period, and the charging set, the discharging set and the energy storage state of the battery energy storage set A, aiming at optimizing the energy storage charge state and the energy storage power to be minimum, and considering the constraint condition, establishing a wind storage system 15min scale operation model based on MPC, wherein the control period and the rolling step length are 15min, the prediction period is 1h, and the wind storage system 15min scale power balance equation is as follows:
establishing a state space equation of the wind storage system as a prediction model of the MPC based on a 15min scale power balance equation of the wind storage system is as follows:
D 1 ＝[1 0 0] T (8)
in the formula：P′ gz,t The wind energy storage system generates power when the single group of the battery energy storage group A performs the energy storage action at the moment t,
a single group of energy storage action power of the battery energy storage group A at the moment t and a power increment compared with the previous moment are respectively combined>
Wind power every 15min and the power increment compared with the last moment, A 1 、B 1 、C 1 、D 1 For a matrix of model coefficients>
For battery energy storage pack A rated capacity, T c1 Taking the control period of the battery energy storage group A for 15min, and the state quantity is->
For the single group energy storage SOC average value of the battery energy storage group A, the control quantity>
Disturbance quantity->
Output quantity->
Establishing a rolling optimization objective function of the 15min time scale wind storage system as follows:
in the formula, M is 5 time periods in the rolling optimization period;
establishing constraint conditions of the 15min time scale wind storage system, including an energy storage system operation constraint condition, a plan allowable deviation constraint condition and a plan shortage power assistance constraint condition, wherein the energy storage system operation constraint condition is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a charging group and the maximum discharging power of a discharging group of the battery energy storage group A at the time t are respectively; />
Respectively setting the SOC upper limit and the SOC lower limit of the battery energy storage group A;
the plan allowable deviation constraints are:
in the formula:
upper and lower limits, respectively, of the permissible deviation of the power generation plan>
For wind storage system power generation planning at time t, delta pc Allowing a deviation rate for the power generation schedule;
the planned power shortage assistance constraint conditions are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a discharging set and the maximum discharging power of a charging set of the battery energy storage set A at the time t are respectively;
according to the constraint conditions and in combination with the prediction model, solving to obtain P at the time t gz,t And
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
and when the scroll time reaches the next moment, updating the state input quantity and repeating the steps.
In step 4, a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 5min and a wind storage system stabilizing fluctuation operation power are optimized in a rolling mode according to an MPC method, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on the tracking plan power generation power of the wind power storage system every 15min, the actual power of the wind power storage system every 5min, the predicted power in the future period, the charging set and the discharging set of the battery energy storage set B and the energy storage state, the aim of optimizing the minimum energy storage SOC and the energy storage power is taken as the target, constraint conditions are considered, a wind storage system 5min scale operation model based on the MPC is established, wherein the control period and the rolling step length are 5min, the prediction period is 20min, and the wind storage system 5min scale stabilizing fluctuation power balance equation is as follows:
establishing a state space equation of the wind storage system as a prediction model of the MPC based on a 5min scale power balance equation of the wind storage system is as follows:
D 2 ＝[1 0 0] T (17)
in the formula:
the running power of the wind storage system after the single group of the battery energy storage group B stabilizes the fluctuation at the time t,
a single group of energy storage stabilizing fluctuating power of the battery energy storage group B at the time t and a power increment and a judgment unit at the previous time>
Wind power every 5min and the power increment compared to the last moment, A 2 、B 2 、C 2 、D 2 Is a model coefficient matrix, is based on>
Rated capacity, T, of battery energy storage pack B c2 For the control period of the battery energy storage group B, the control period is taken as 5min, and the state quantity is
For the single group energy storage SOC average value of the battery energy storage group B, the control quantity>
Disturbance quantity->
An outputting quantity>
Establishing a rolling optimization objective function of the wind storage system with a 5min time scale as follows:
establishing constraint conditions of a 5min time scale wind storage system, including grid-connected power fluctuation constraint conditions and fluctuation out-of-limit power assistance constraint conditions, wherein the grid-connected power fluctuation constraint conditions are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for installed capacity of wind farm, is greater or less>
For the last moment of grid-connected power, delta, of the wind storage system bd Allowing fluctuation rate for grid connection;
the constraint conditions of the fluctuation out-of-limit power assistance are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a discharging group and the maximum discharging power of a charging group of the battery energy storage group B at the moment t are respectively;
solving the stabilizing fluctuation output of the wind storage system according to the constraint conditions and in combination with a prediction model
And battery energy storage group B smoothing waveActing force>
Wherein +>
When the rolling time reaches the next moment, the state input quantity is updated and the steps are repeated, wherein the ^ based on the moment is obtained>
And then, reserving a frequency modulation reserve for the wind storage system and responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system in real time, and when the reserve cannot be provided by the stored energy, reducing the load of the fan under the constraint of grid-connected power fluctuation to reserve a reserve P wJz,t When the standby power responds to the system frequency modulation requirement, if the fan is in a load shedding state, the fan preferentially responds to the upper frequency modulation power, and the stored energy bears the residual frequency modulation requirement, wherein,
judging whether the energy storage unit can reserve the minimum standby energy for stabilizing fluctuation residual adjusting capacity
If so, the SOC is within the primary limit value, and the energy storage unit is additionally reserved for standby hair-increasing power->
Calculating frequency modulation standby power on wind storage system
Lower frequency modulation standby power->
And the grid-connected power->
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, λ min Taking 0.1 as the minimum frequency modulation standby rate,
in order for the wind storage system to actually respond to the frequency modulated demand power,
distributing a stabilizing ripple power, P, to the energy storage unit wJcl,t And the output power is reduced for the wind power in real time.
In step 3, distributing the energy storage output to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group according to the output scheme and the tracking plan generating power of the wind storage system every 15min to realize the tracking generating plan of the wind storage system, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of distributing priority according to the power of an energy storage unit, and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority;
s2: and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and establishing an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority.
In step 4, distributing the stored energy output to energy storage units in a charging set and a discharging set according to an output scheme of every 5min and the stabilized fluctuation running power of the wind storage system, so as to stabilize the wind power grid-connected fluctuation, reserving a frequency modulation reserve for the wind storage system on the basis of stabilizing the wind power fluctuation, responding to the system frequency modulation demand in real time, distributing the reserved frequency modulation reserve and the response power to the energy storage units of the charging set and the discharging set, and realizing the real-time response system frequency modulation demand of the wind storage system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
d1: according to the energy storage unit power distribution priority, constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority;
d2: constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and establishing an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority;
d3: and constructing a frequency modulation standby reservation response set, and establishing a power distribution strategy according to the set.
In S1 or D1, distributing priorities according to the power of the energy storage units, and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priorities, specifically:
determining the upper and lower limit values of SOC
And SOC secondary upper and lower limit value>
Comprises the following steps:
and determining the action priority of the energy storage unit according to the SOC limit value, wherein the division rule is shown in fig. 3 and is not described in detail here, the action priority set of the energy storage unit is constructed according to the distribution priority of the energy storage unit, the set structure is shown in fig. 4, and the detailed description is not provided here.
Set G is illustrated by taking the example of selecting the discharge-assisting energy storage unit in the charging group 11 The construction method comprises the following steps: to alleviate the loss of "bidirectional regulation" capability due to extreme states of the energy storage unit SOC, the SOC in the statistical discharge group is about to be in an extreme state (i.e. the SOC is in an extreme state)
) And the number of the energy storage units is y, the charging group selects x energy storage units (the minimum number of the completed shortage) from large to small according to the SOC for assisting in discharging, and if x is smaller than y, then selects y-x energy storage units from the charging group for assisting in discharging.
In S2 or D2, an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority is established, specifically comprising the following steps:
providing a power distribution strategy of the energy storage units consisting of basic power and auxiliary power distribution, and ensuring that the total power of the energy storage units is distributed
When the requirement of the residual available capacity is met, the energy storage unit determines the distribution power in turn according to the action priority>
Is always at the maximum adjustable power>
Is carried out within the range, and the total distributed energy storage power->
And a maximum adjustable power->
If it is
Then G is 6 The distributed power of the middle energy storage unit is as follows:
in the formula, g 6 Is set G 6 The number of the middle energy storage units;
if it is
G 6 The middle energy storage unit is used for->
The power is distributed, and the power shortage at the moment is calculated>
G 7 The middle energy storage unit is used for->
Is assigned->
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the difference power of the SOC primary limit value is not entered after the energy storage unit acts;
if it is
G 6 、G 7 The middle energy storage unit presses>
Calculating the power of the deficit based on the result of the operation failing to fulfill the requirement>
G 7 The middle energy storage unit can regulate the power according to the residual>
And G 8 Middle energy storage unit->
Is assigned->
Comprises the following steps: />
When in use
Then, the total power shortage is calculated>
And the auxiliary power allocation strategy allocates the shortage power when->
G 12 The middle energy storage unit distributes power:
in the formula, g 12 As a set G 12 The number of the middle energy storage units;
when in use
G 12 The middle energy storage unit can not complete the total shortage power and works at->
The power is distributed, and the total power shortage at the moment is calculated>
From G 13 And the middle energy storage unit is distributed:
if it is
Then all energy storage units->
In D3, a frequency modulation reserve reservation response set is constructed, and a power distribution strategy is established according to the set, specifically comprising the following steps:
constructing the corresponding set, specifically as shown in fig. 5, determining the set G before invoking the power allocation policy of the energy storage unit 14 ～G 20 G to which the internal energy storage unit belongs 6 ～G 8 And G 12 ～G 13 In case of distributing the response FM power, if
Calling an allocation strategy according to the action priority set of the energy storage unit of the charging and discharging group; and->
Time, set G 19 、G 20 The distributed power of each energy storage unit is->
Wherein:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and responding and allocating the condition of additionally reserving the frequency modulation power.
In step 5, establishing an evaluation index to evaluate a wind storage system tracking power generation plan, wind power grid connection fluctuation stabilization and response frequency modulation requirements, specifically:
the construction evaluation indexes are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
t is 24h, W gz 、W bd 、W tp 、p gz 、p bd 、p tp Respectively tracking planned deviation total power, power fluctuation out-of-limit total power, responding to frequency modulation demand deficit total power and corresponding occurrence probability, and based on the total power and the corresponding occurrence probability>
For the wind storage system to respond to the frequency modulation requirement, the battery energy storage charging and discharging conversion frequency index CS b Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P b,nz The last energy storage unit action power which is not 0.
One real-time example of the invention is: the method comprises the steps of carrying out calculation construction by using relevant data of a certain wind power plant in Xinjiang and a grounding area, wherein the predicted power and the actually measured power of the wind power plant are 15min and 5min, the predicted power and the actual power are required by frequency modulation of a system for 5min, relevant parameters of the wind storage system are shown in table 1, battery energy storage groups A and B are composed of 8 energy storage units, and delta is delta pc 、δ bd Are all 0.02;
TABLE 1 wind storage System related parameters
In order to embody the strategy operation effect and the reduction degree of the energy storage charging and discharging state conversion times, the design comparison strategy is as follows. Strategy 1: the energy storage overall control strategy is used for completing the required minimum power action; strategy 2: determining the integral energy storage control of the energy storage action quantity by the MPC; strategy 3: the method described in the present invention.
Comparative analyses were performed on four typical days, with the following analytical results:
the wind power storage system tracking power generation plan effect every 15min and the battery energy storage A tracking power generation plan SOC (strategy 3 is an energy storage unit average value) are respectively shown in the figures 6 and 7, and specific performance indexes are shown in the table 2;
TABLE 2 tracking projected Performance indicators
As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7: wind reservoir system for strategy 3 compared to the remaining strategiesThe deviation degree between the system power generation and the power generation plan is minimum, the SOC of each strategy battery energy storage group A cannot be out of limit, taking a typical day 1 as an example, the charging, discharging and grouping of the battery energy storage group A and the action condition of an energy storage unit in a part of time interval are shown in figure 8; further comparison of Table 2 shows that: each typical day W gz The method has the characteristics of maximum strategy 1, 2 times of strategy and minimum strategy 3; and p is gz For strategy 3 minimum, strategies 1, 2 are essentially the same, and strategy 3 completely tracks the power generation plan except for typical day 4. Further proves that the strategy 3 can more effectively realize the tracking power generation plan of the wind storage system every 15 min. And each typical day CS b The method has the characteristics that the strategies 1 and 2 are the same and far higher than the strategy 3, and shows that the strategy 3 reduces the conversion times of the energy storage charging and discharging state while tracking the power generation plan by about 50%. In conclusion, the method can improve the tracking planning capacity of the wind storage system every 15min and can effectively reduce the conversion times of the charging and discharging states of the stored energy.
After the wind storage system finishes tracking the power generation plan every 15min, stabilizing the wind power fluctuation every 5min as shown in FIG. 9, and showing specific performance indexes in Table 3;
TABLE 3 smooth fluctuation performance index
As can be seen from fig. 9: compared with other strategies, the wind power fluctuation out-of-limit degree of the wind storage system of the strategy 3 is minimum every 5 min; further comparison of Table 3 shows that: w except for typical day 2 bd 、p bd All have the characteristics of maximum strategy 1, 2 times strategy and minimum strategy 3, and W of strategy 3 bd Compared with strategies 1 and 2, the reduction is about 80% and 65%, respectively; strategy 2 improves the ripple suppression capability but greatly increases CS compared to strategy 1 b And strategy 3 greatly reduces CS while improving surge suppression capability b Compared with strategies 1 and 2, the reduction is about 50% and 66%, respectively. In conclusion, the strategy of the invention not only can improve the capability of the wind storage system for stabilizing wind power fluctuation every 5min, but also can effectively reduce the conversion times of the energy storage charging and discharging states; real-time response system of wind storage systemThe frequency modulation demand effect is shown in fig. 10, and the specific performance index is shown in table 4;
TABLE 4 response FM Performance index
Further comparison of Table 4 shows that: the Wtp and the ptp in each typical day have the characteristics of the maximum strategy 1, the 2 times strategy and the minimum strategy 3; whereas in respect of CSb, strategies 1, 2 are substantially identical, while strategy 3 is reduced by around 35% compared to the remaining strategies. In conclusion, the invention not only improves the capability of the wind storage system to respond to the frequency modulation requirement of the system in real time, but also can effectively reduce the conversion times of the charging and discharging states of the stored energy. Taking typical day 1 as an example, the charging and discharging grouping of the battery energy storage B and the operation of the energy storage unit in a part of the time interval are shown in fig. 11. The operation of the charging and discharging packets and the energy storage unit will be described with reference to fig. 11: at time 98, the numbers of the energy storage units of the charging and discharging groups are 2, 3, 5, 6 and 1, 4, 7, 8, respectively, and at this time, the charging group can satisfy the fluctuation-suppressing charging requirement, so that the energy storage units 2, 3, 5, 6 are in the charging state, and 1, 4, 7, 8 are in the standby state. And then the system sends an upper frequency modulation signal to be responded to the wind storage system (namely, the wind storage system increases the power), and the power to be responded needs to be completed by all the energy storage units together. At this time, the energy storage units 2, 3, 5, 6 change from the steady fluctuating charging power to 0, i.e. from the charging state to the standby state, and the energy storage units 1, 4, 7, 8 change from the standby state to the discharging state, so as to satisfy the frequency modulation requirement. Because the phenomena of discharging of the charging set and charging of the discharging set do not exist when stabilizing fluctuation and responding frequency modulation in the time period 98 are completed, and no energy storage unit with an extreme state SOC exists, the energy storage unit grouping is consistent with the time point 98 at the time point 99. Because the discharging group is charged when the frequency modulation requirement is responded in the time interval 99, the energy storage units charged in the discharging group are added into the charging group at the time point 100, the same number of energy storage units are selected from the charging group and added into the discharging group, and the SOC of the energy storage units of the discharging group is in an extreme state at the time point, so the grouping at the time point 100 and the previous time are still unchanged. As can be seen from fig. 12And (3) discharging: the SOC of the battery energy storage B under each strategy cannot be out of limit, and the fluctuation stabilizing effect and the response frequency modulation effect of each strategy are in positive correlation with the change degree of the energy storage state of charge, namely the strategy increases the energy storage action amount to a certain extent while improving the stabilizing fluctuation and response frequency modulation capability of the wind storage system. The final grid-connected effect of the wind storage system is shown in fig. 13, and the wind storage system realizes wind storage combined up-frequency modulation standby and energy storage down-frequency modulation standby reservation on the basis of stabilizing fluctuation. Grid-connected power responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system in real time is basically in a frequency modulation standby reserved range, the grid-connected power outside the frequency modulation standby reserved range responds to the frequency modulation requirement for reducing the output of the fan in real time, and the battery energy storage B stabilizes wind power fluctuation and responds to the frequency modulation, and the SOC is shown in figure 12. Assuming that the conventional energy unit can completely meet the requirements of tracking plan allowable deviation, grid-connected fluctuation rate and response system frequency modulation requirements in the whole time period, the completion capacities of the wind storage system and the conventional energy unit are shown in fig. 14 under 384 power generation plan check points, 1152 grid-connected fluctuation check points and 299 to-be-responded frequency modulation time points in four typical days. In the figure p mzgz 、p mzbd 、p mztp Confidence degrees of tracking plan, stabilizing fluctuation and real-time response frequency modulation capability are respectively completed, the wind storage system under the strategy reaches 99.740%, 97.656% and 83.541% respectively, and the strategy shows that the wind storage system can have multi-time scale active power regulation capability as a conventional energy unit to a certain extent.
According to the wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving the active power regulation capacity, orderly actions of the energy storage units of the charging and discharging sets can be finely managed, the conversion times of the charging and discharging states of the energy storage are reduced, the wind storage system multi-time scale operation strategy provided by the method comprises two time scales of 15min and 5min, the wind storage system can strictly execute a power generation plan, and the active power regulation requirement of the system can be responded in real time on the basis of realizing self stable grid connection.
The principle and the embodiment of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.
Claims (10)
1. A wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: dividing the active adjusting capacity of a wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min, and configuring a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units in a wind power plant, wherein the double-battery energy storage unit is respectively used for compensating the deviation amount of each 15min, stabilizing the wind power output fluctuation of each 5min and responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system;
step 2: dividing the energy storage units of the double-battery energy storage pack into a charging pack and a discharging pack, and updating the energy storage units in the charging pack and the discharging pack through an energy storage unit dynamic grouping mechanism;
and step 3: the method comprises the steps of optimizing a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 15min and a wind storage system tracking plan power generation power in a rolling mode according to an MPC method, distributing the energy storage output to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group, and achieving a wind storage system tracking power generation plan;
and 4, step 4: according to the MPC method, a double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 5min and wind storage system stable fluctuation operation power are optimized in a rolling mode, the stored energy output is distributed to energy storage units in a charging group and a discharging group, the stable wind power grid connection fluctuation is achieved, on the basis of the stable wind power fluctuation, a wind storage system reserves a frequency modulation reserve, the system frequency modulation demand is responded in real time, the frequency modulation reserve and response power are distributed to the charging group and discharging group energy storage units, and the wind storage system responds to the system frequency modulation demand in real time;
and 5: and (4) establishing evaluation indexes to evaluate the wind storage system tracking power generation plan, the wind power grid connection fluctuation stabilization and the response frequency modulation requirements.
2. The multi-time scale operation method of the wind storage system for improving the active regulation capability according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the active regulation capability of the wind storage system is divided into two time scales of 15min and 5min, a dual-battery energy storage group consisting of a plurality of energy storage units is configured in the wind farm, and the dual-battery energy storage group is respectively used for compensating the deviation amount of every 15min, stabilizing the wind power output fluctuation of every 5min and responding to the system frequency modulation requirement, and specifically comprises the following steps:
according to a multi-time scale scheduling operation mode of a system participated by a conventional energy unit, combining wind power operation characteristics and adjustment requirements, dividing the active adjustment capability of a wind storage system into two time scales of 15min and 5min, and configuring a double-battery energy storage unit consisting of a plurality of energy storage units, namely a battery energy storage unit A and a battery energy storage unit B in a wind power plant, wherein the battery energy storage unit A is used for compensating wind power output and power generation plan deviation amount every 15min, and the battery energy storage unit B is used for stabilizing wind power output fluctuation every 5min and implementing response to system frequency modulation requirements.
3. The wind energy storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active regulation capacity according to claim 2, wherein in step 2, the energy storage units of the dual-battery energy storage pack are divided into a charging pack and a discharging pack, and the energy storage units in the charging pack and the discharging pack are updated through an energy storage unit dynamic grouping mechanism, specifically:
dividing the energy storage units of the battery energy storage group A and the battery energy storage group B into a charging group and a discharging group, wherein the number of the energy storage units in the charging group is m 1 The number of the energy storage units in the discharge group is m 2 If the period m is 1 If the energy storage units in each charging group can not meet the charging requirement, the discharging group selects n energy storage units according to the SOC from small to large to assist in completing the charging shortage, wherein n is the minimum number of the charging shortage, and when m is the minimum number of the charging shortage, the discharging group selects n energy storage units according to the SOC from small to large 1 After the charging of the + n energy storage units is finished, the energy storage units in the n discharge groups for assisting the charging are added into the charging group at the next moment, and the n energy storage units in the charging group are selected from the energy storage units according to the SOC from large to small and added into the discharge group, so that the energy storage units of the charging and discharging groups are changed into m energy storage units again 1 、m 2 If the charging and discharging groups in the time interval independently complete the total charging and discharging requirements, the energy storage units in the charging and discharging groups in the next time interval are kept unchanged, and if the energy storage units in the charging groups exist in the grouping process
The energy storage unit is added into a discharging group, the SOC minimum energy storage unit is selected from the discharging group and added into a charging group, the charge state and the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power of each energy storage unit are calculated, and the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power and the charge state of the charging and discharging groups of the battery energy storage groups A and B are calculated through summation, wherein the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power and the charge state of the charging and discharging groups of the battery energy storage groups A and B are as follows: />
In the formula, S b,j,t 、
The SOC and the upper and lower limits of the energy storage unit j at the time t are respectively 0.8 and 0.2,
for the power and capacity rating, P, of the energy storage unit j b,j,t 、/>
The j action power and the maximum allowable charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit at the time t are respectively, eta is the charging and discharging efficiency, eta is the maximum allowable charging and discharging power c 、η d Are all 0.9,T c Is an energy storage control period.
4. The wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving the active regulation capability of claim 3, wherein in the step 3, the double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 15min and the wind storage system tracking planned power generation power are roll-optimized according to an MPC method, and specifically:
based on the current wind storage system power generation plan, the wind power actual power and the predicted power in the future time period, and the charging set, the discharging set and the energy storage state of the battery energy storage set A, the aim of optimizing the energy storage charge state and the energy storage power is minimum, and the constraint condition is considered, a wind storage system 15min scale operation model based on MPC is established, wherein the control period and the rolling step length are 15min, the prediction period is 1h, and a wind storage system 15min scale power balance equation is as follows:
establishing a state space equation of the wind storage system as a prediction model of the MPC based on a 15min scale power balance equation of the wind storage system is as follows:
D 1 ＝[1 0 0] T (8) In the formula: p' gz,t The wind energy storage system generates power when the single group of the battery energy storage group A performs the energy storage action at the moment t,
a single group of energy storage action power of the battery energy storage group A at the moment t and a power increment and a judgment result compared with the previous moment>
Wind power every 15min and the power increment compared to the last moment, A 1 、B 1 、C 1 、D 1 Is a model coefficient matrix, is based on>
For battery energy storage pack A rated capacity, T c1 For the control period of the battery energy storage group A, taking 15min as the state quantity
For the single group energy storage SOC average value of the battery energy storage group A, the control quantity>
Disturbance quantity->
Output quantity->
The method comprises the following steps of establishing a rolling optimization objective function of the 15min time scale wind storage system as follows:
in the formula, M is 5 time periods in the rolling optimization period;
establishing constraint conditions of the 15min time scale wind storage system, including an energy storage system operation constraint condition, a plan allowable deviation constraint condition and a plan shortage power assistance constraint condition, wherein the energy storage system operation constraint condition is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a charging set and the maximum discharging power of a discharging set of the battery energy storage set A at the moment t are respectively; />
Respectively setting the SOC upper limit and the SOC lower limit of the battery energy storage group A;
the plan allowable deviation constraints are:
in the formula:
upper and lower limits, respectively, of the permissible deviation of the power generation plan>
For wind storage system power generation planning at time t, delta pc Allowing a deviation rate for the power generation schedule;
the planned power shortage assistance constraint conditions are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power of a discharging set and the maximum discharging power of a charging set of the battery energy storage set A at the time t are respectively;
according to the constraint conditions and in combination with the prediction model, solving to obtain P at the time t gz,t And
wherein it is present>
And updating the state input quantity and repeating the steps when the scroll time reaches the next moment.
5. The wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity according to claim 4, wherein in step 4, the double-battery energy storage group output scheme every 5min and the wind storage system stabilizing fluctuation operation power are optimized in a rolling mode according to an MPC method, and specifically:
based on the tracking plan power generation power of the wind power storage system every 15min, the actual power of the wind power storage system every 5min, the predicted power in the future period, the charging set and the discharging set of the battery energy storage set B and the energy storage state, the aim of optimizing the minimum energy storage SOC and the energy storage power is taken as the target, constraint conditions are considered, a wind storage system 5min scale operation model based on the MPC is established, wherein the control period and the rolling step length are 5min, the prediction period is 20min, and the wind storage system 5min scale stabilizing fluctuation power balance equation is as follows:
establishing a state space equation of the wind storage system as a prediction model of the MPC based on a 5min scale power balance equation of the wind storage system is as follows:
D 2 ＝[1 0 0] T (17)
in the formula:
the running power of the wind storage system after fluctuation is stabilized for the single group of energy storage of the battery energy storage group B at the time t, and then the wind storage system is turned on or off>
A single group of energy storage stabilizing fluctuating power of the battery energy storage group B at the time t and a power increment and a judgment unit at the previous time>
Respectively wind power every 5min and power increment compared with the last moment, A 2 、B 2 、C 2 、D 2 Is a model coefficient matrix, is based on>
Rated capacity, T, of battery energy storage pack B c2 For the control period of the battery energy storage group B, the control period is taken as 5min, and the state quantity is->
For the single group energy storage SOC average value of the battery energy storage group B, the control quantity>
Disturbance quantity->
Output quantity->
The method comprises the following steps of establishing a rolling optimization objective function of the wind storage system with a 5min time scale as follows:
and (2) establishing constraint conditions of the wind storage system with the 5min time scale, including grid-connected power fluctuation constraint conditions and fluctuation out-of-limit power assistance constraint conditions, wherein the grid-connected power fluctuation constraint conditions are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for installed capacity of wind farm, is greater or less>
For the last moment of grid-connected power, delta, of the wind storage system bd Allowing fluctuation rate for grid connection;
the fluctuation out-of-limit power assistance constraint conditions are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum charging power and the maximum charging power of the discharging group of the battery energy storage group B at the moment t are respectivelyMaximum discharge power of the electric group;
solving the stabilizing fluctuation output of the wind storage system according to the constraint conditions and in combination with a prediction model
And the battery energy storage group B stabilizes the fluctuation output force>
Wherein it is present>
When the rolling time reaches the next moment, the state input quantity is updated and the steps are repeated, wherein, the time is obtained>
And then, reserving a frequency modulation reserve for the wind storage system and responding to the frequency modulation requirement of the system in real time, and when the reserve cannot be provided by the stored energy, reducing the load of the fan under the constraint of grid-connected power fluctuation to reserve a reserve P wJz,t When the standby power responds to the frequency modulation requirement of the system, if the fan is in a load shedding state, the fan preferentially responds to the upper frequency modulation power, and the stored energy bears the residual frequency modulation requirement, wherein,
judging whether the energy storage unit can keep the minimum standby for stabilizing the fluctuation residual energy regulation capacity
If so, the SOC is within the primary limit value, and the energy storage unit is additionally reserved for standby hair-increasing power->
Calculating the frequency modulation standby power on the wind storage system>
Lower frequency modulation standby power->
And grid-connected power>
Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, λ min Taking 0.1 as the minimum frequency modulation standby rate,
for the actual response of the wind storage system to the frequency-modulated power demand, is>
Distributing a stabilizing ripple power, P, to the energy storage unit wJcl,t And the output power is reduced for the wind power in real time.
6. The wind energy storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity according to claim 5, wherein the stored energy output is distributed to the energy storage units in the charging group and the discharging group according to an output scheme of every 15min and the wind energy storage system tracking planned power generation, so as to realize the wind energy storage system tracking power generation plan, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of distributing priority according to the power of an energy storage unit, and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority;
s2: and constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and establishing an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority.
7. The wind energy storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity according to claim 6, wherein the stored energy output is distributed to the energy storage units in the charging set and the discharging set according to an output scheme of every 5min and the wind energy storage system stabilizing fluctuation operation power to stabilize wind power grid connection fluctuation, frequency modulation reserve is reserved in the wind energy storage system on the basis of stabilizing wind power fluctuation, the system frequency modulation demand is responded in real time, the frequency modulation reserve is reserved and the response power is distributed to the energy storage units in the charging set and the discharging set, and the system frequency modulation demand is responded in real time in the wind energy storage system, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
d1: according to the energy storage unit power distribution priority, constructing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority;
d2: establishing an energy storage unit action priority set according to the energy storage unit distribution priority, and establishing an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering the action priority;
d3: and constructing a frequency modulation standby reservation response set, and establishing a power distribution strategy according to the set.
8. The wind energy storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity according to claim 7, wherein in S1 or D1, priority is allocated according to power of the energy storage units, and an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to the energy storage unit allocation priority, specifically:
determining the upper and lower limit values of SOC
And SOC secondary upper and lower limit value>
Comprises the following steps:
determining the action priority of the energy storage unit according to the SOC limit value, if the SOC of the energy storage unit is in the interval respectively
And & ->
If the SOC of the energy storage unit is in the interval respectively
And & ->
And the energy storage units belong to a first discharge priority, a second discharge priority and a third discharge priority, and an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to the energy storage unit distribution priorities, wherein the set comprises a set A, a set B and a set G 1 Set G 2 Set G 3 Set G 4 Set G 5 Set G 6 Set G 7 Set G 8 Set G 9 Set G 10 Set G 11 Set G 12 And set G 13 (ii) a Wherein, the set A is the energy storage unit of the charging group, the set B is the energy storage unit of the discharging group, and the set G 1 Is->
Set G 2 Is composed of
Set G 3 Is->
Set G 4 Is->
Set G 5 Is->
Set G 6 As a set G 3 To set G 5 The common genus set A and the set G 1 Set G 2 The same genus set B, set G 7 Is set G 2 The same generic set A and the set G 4 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 8 As a set G 1 The common genus set A and the set G 5 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 9 As a set G 1 To set G 4 The same generic set A and the set G 2 Set G 5 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 10 Is set G 5 The common genus set A and the set G 1 The same genus set B, the same genus set G 11 For the discharge-assisting energy storage units in the charge group and the discharge-assisting energy storage units in the discharge group, set G 12 As a set G 11 Zhongcongener group G 9 Set G 13 Is set G 11 Chinese generic set G 10 。/>
9. The wind storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active regulation capacity according to claim 8, wherein in step S2 or step D3, an energy storage unit action priority set is constructed according to energy storage unit distribution priorities, and an energy storage unit power distribution strategy considering action priorities is established, specifically:
obtaining total distributed energy storage power of energy storage unit
And maxAdjustable power/device>
If>
Then G is 6 The distributed power of the middle energy storage unit is as follows:
in the formula, g 6 As a set G 6 The number of the middle energy storage units;
if it is
G 6 The middle energy storage unit is used for->
Allocating power, calculating the power shortage at the moment
G 7 The middle energy storage unit is used for->
In a ratio division->
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the difference power is the difference power of the primary limit value of the SOC which is not entered after the energy storage unit acts;
if it is
G 6 、G 7 The middle energy storage unit presses>
Calculating the power of the deficit based on the result of the operation failing to fulfill the requirement>
G 7 The middle energy storage unit can regulate the power according to the residual>
And G 8 Medium energy storage unit>
Distribution of ratio relation
Comprises the following steps:
when the temperature is higher than the set temperature
Then, the total power shortage is calculated>
And the auxiliary power allocation strategy allocates the shortage power when->
G 12 The middle energy storage unit distributes power: />
In the formula, g 12 Is set G 12 The number of the middle energy storage units;
when in use
G 12 The middle energy storage unit can not complete the total shortage power and works at->
The power is distributed, and the total power shortage at the moment is calculated>
From G 13 And the middle energy storage unit is distributed:
if it is
Then all energy storage units>
10. The wind power storage system multi-time scale operation method for improving active power regulation capacity according to claim 9, wherein in step 5, an evaluation index is constructed to evaluate wind power storage system tracking power generation plans, wind power grid-connection fluctuation stabilization and response frequency modulation requirements, and specifically:
the construction evaluation indexes are as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
t is 24h, W gz 、W bd 、W tp 、p gz 、pbd、p tp Respectively tracking planned deviation total power, power fluctuation out-of-limit total power, responding to frequency modulation demand deficit total power and corresponding occurrence probability, and based on the total power and the corresponding occurrence probability>
For the wind storage system to respond to the frequency modulation requirement, the battery energy storage charging and discharging conversion frequency index CS b Comprises the following steps:
in the formula, P b,nz The last energy storage unit action power which is not 0.
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