CN115908050A - A carbon footprint accounting method for electric power equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及碳排放计算方法技术领域，特别涉及一种电力设备碳足迹核算方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission calculation methods, and in particular to a carbon footprint calculation method for electric power equipment.
背景技术Background Art
碳足迹，是指企业机构、活动、产品或个人通过交通运输、食品生产和消费以及各类生产过程等引起的温室气体排放的集合。电力设备碳足迹是电力设备在运行时引起的温室气体排放。在践行减少碳足迹的环保的理念下，包括很多企业都加入了电力设备使用碳足迹的研究且取得了一定的研究成果：较多涉及电力设备使用碳足迹的研究结果显示，电力设备使用阶段的碳排放对该产品全生命周期碳排放的影响很大，使用阶段是降低产品碳足迹的关键阶段；同时，也有研究结果则显示使用阶段的影响并不大，但也是实施节能减排的重点领域。Carbon footprint refers to the collection of greenhouse gas emissions caused by corporate organizations, activities, products or individuals through transportation, food production and consumption, and various production processes. The carbon footprint of power equipment is the greenhouse gas emissions caused by power equipment during operation. Under the environmental protection concept of reducing carbon footprint, many companies have joined the research on the carbon footprint of power equipment and have achieved certain research results: more research results involving the carbon footprint of power equipment show that the carbon emissions during the use stage of power equipment have a great impact on the carbon emissions of the product throughout its life cycle, and the use stage is a key stage for reducing the carbon footprint of the product; at the same time, there are also research results showing that the impact of the use stage is not large, but it is also a key area for implementing energy conservation and emission reduction.
但现有的电力设备使用碳足迹核算方法仍存在问题：已有电力设备碳足迹核算方法习惯于将研究焦点仅放在电力设备上，忽略了标准维护和附加维护情况的直接影响，使得电力设备的碳足迹核算结果差异较大。However, there are still problems with the existing carbon footprint accounting methods for power equipment: the existing carbon footprint accounting methods for power equipment are accustomed to focusing research only on power equipment, ignoring the direct impact of standard maintenance and additional maintenance, resulting in large differences in the carbon footprint accounting results of power equipment.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术中的上述不足，本发明提供了一种电力设备碳足迹核算方法，其目的是解决已有电力设备碳足迹核算方法习惯于将研究焦点仅放在电力设备上，忽略了标准维护和附加维护情况的直接影响，使得电力设备的碳足迹核算结果差异较大等问题。In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for calculating the carbon footprint of electric power equipment, which aims to solve the problem that the existing methods for calculating the carbon footprint of electric power equipment are accustomed to focusing research only on the electric power equipment, ignoring the direct impact of standard maintenance and additional maintenance, resulting in large differences in the carbon footprint accounting results of the electric power equipment.
为了达到上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种电力设备碳足迹核算方法，包括以下步骤：A method for calculating carbon footprint of electric power equipment comprises the following steps:
步骤1、设定研究目标和电力设备类别；Step 1: Set the research objectives and power equipment categories;
步骤2、根据电力设备的类别确定电力设备使用碳足迹核算的功能单位，具体的：电力设备主要包括发电设备和供电设备两类，对于这两部分均选用单件作为电力设备碳足迹评估的功能单位；Step 2: Determine the functional unit for carbon footprint calculation of power equipment according to the type of power equipment. Specifically, power equipment mainly includes power generation equipment and power supply equipment. For both parts, a single piece is selected as the functional unit for carbon footprint assessment of power equipment.
步骤3、绘制发电设备和供电设备在使用阶段的生命周期流程图；Step 3: Draw a life cycle flow chart of power generation equipment and power supply equipment during the use phase;
步骤4、通过生命周期流程图确定发电设备和供电设备使用碳足迹核算的系统边界，它规定了产品碳足迹核算的范围，包括时间跨度和输入输出，分为时间边界和空间边界两类，其中，时间边界从电力设备开始投入使用至电力设备停止运行结束，空间边界包括电力设备使用阶段各部分中运行的能耗、投入的物耗。Step 4: Determine the system boundary of carbon footprint accounting for power generation equipment and power supply equipment through the life cycle flow chart. It stipulates the scope of product carbon footprint accounting, including time span and input and output, which is divided into time boundary and space boundary. The time boundary is from the start of commissioning of power equipment to the end of stopping operation of power equipment, and the space boundary includes the energy consumption and material consumption of each part of the power equipment use stage.
步骤5、根据步骤4确定的系统边界收集所需数据，包括活动数据和排放系数，其中：从步骤4所述的系统边界得出电力设备使用碳足迹核算收集的活动数据包括电力设备运行一天的能耗量、投入的物耗量，活动数据还包括电力设备每天的维护量，其中，标准维护次数指电力设备每天必须进行的维护次数，通过电力设备标准化维护手册和文献参考来统一相关数据，附加维护次数指电力设备每天损坏后进行的维护次数；Step 5: Collect the required data according to the system boundary determined in step 4, including activity data and emission coefficients, where: the activity data collected for the carbon footprint accounting of the power equipment derived from the system boundary described in step 4 include the energy consumption and material consumption of the power equipment in one day, and the activity data also includes the daily maintenance of the power equipment, where the standard maintenance times refer to the maintenance times that must be performed on the power equipment every day, and the relevant data are unified through the standardized maintenance manual and literature references of the power equipment, and the additional maintenance times refer to the maintenance times performed on the power equipment after it is damaged every day;
步骤6、将收集到的数据代入电力设备使用碳足迹的核算公式，计算得出该电力设备在使用阶段的碳排放量。Step 6: Substitute the collected data into the carbon footprint calculation formula of the power equipment to calculate the carbon emissions of the power equipment during the use phase.
进一步的，所述发电设备包括电站锅炉、蒸汽轮机、燃气轮机、水轮机、发电机、变压器。Furthermore, the power generation equipment includes power station boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, generators, and transformers.
进一步的，所述供电设备包括各种电压等级的输电线路、互感器、接触器。Furthermore, the power supply equipment includes transmission lines, transformers, and contactors of various voltage levels.
进一步的，排放系数为单位活动数据的温室气体排放量，电力设备使用碳足迹核算所需的排放系数包括电和物料的排放系数。Furthermore, the emission coefficient is the greenhouse gas emission per unit activity data, and the emission coefficient required for carbon footprint accounting of power equipment use includes the emission coefficients of electricity and materials.
进一步的，所述电力设备使用碳足迹的核算公式为：W＝Qx×u+Qe×u1×n1+Qf×u2×n2Furthermore, the calculation formula of the carbon footprint of the power equipment is: W = Qx × u + Qe × u1 × n1 + Qf × u2 × n2
其中：Qx为电力设备一天的能耗量；Where: Qx is the energy consumption of the power equipment in one day;
u为电力设备用1度电碳排放系数；u is the carbon emission coefficient of 1 kWh of electricity used by power equipment;
Qe为电力设备一天标准维护的物耗量；Qe is the material consumption of standard maintenance of power equipment in one day;
u1为标准维护物料的排放系数；u1 is the emission coefficient of standard maintenance materials;
n1为每天的标准维护次数；n1 is the standard maintenance frequency per day;
Qf为电力设备一天附加维护的物耗量；Qf is the material consumption of additional maintenance of power equipment in one day;
u2为附加维护物料的排放系数；u2 is the emission coefficient of additional maintenance materials;
n2为每天的附加维护次数。n2 is the number of additional maintenance per day.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明的一种电力设备碳足迹核算方法，得出电力设备在运行时的碳排放量，核算结果能正确指导企业掌握和了解电力设备的碳排放；充分依托现有的电力设备碳足迹核算理论和方法，结合标准维护次数和附加维护次数对核算结果的影响，核算结果具有更高的可信度且能正确的企业采取节能减排的措施。The carbon footprint accounting method of electric power equipment of the present invention obtains the carbon emissions of electric power equipment during operation, and the accounting result can correctly guide enterprises to grasp and understand the carbon emissions of electric power equipment; fully relying on the existing electric power equipment carbon footprint accounting theory and method, combined with the influence of standard maintenance times and additional maintenance times on the accounting results, the accounting results have higher credibility and can correctly guide enterprises to take energy-saving and emission reduction measures.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面结合附图来进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。其中相同的零部件用相同的附图标记表示。The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same components are represented by the same reference numerals.
需要说明的是，下面描述中使用的词语“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上”和“下”指的是附图中的方向，词语“内”和“外”分别指的是朝向或远离特定部件几何中心的方向。It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚地理解，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
一种电力设备碳足迹核算方法，包括以下步骤：A method for calculating carbon footprint of electric power equipment comprises the following steps:
步骤1、设定研究目标和电力设备类别；Step 1: Set the research objectives and power equipment categories;
步骤2、根据电力设备的类别确定电力设备使用碳足迹核算的功能单位，具体的：电力设备主要包括发电设备和供电设备两类，发电设备包括电站锅炉、蒸汽轮机、燃气轮机、水轮机、发电机、变压器等，所述供电设备包括各种电压等级的输电线路、互感器、接触器等，对于这两部分均选用单件作为电力设备碳足迹评估的功能单位；Step 2: Determine the functional unit for carbon footprint accounting of power equipment according to the type of power equipment. Specifically, power equipment mainly includes power generation equipment and power supply equipment. Power generation equipment includes power station boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines, water turbines, generators, transformers, etc. The power supply equipment includes transmission lines of various voltage levels, mutual inductors, contactors, etc. For both parts, a single piece is selected as the functional unit for carbon footprint assessment of power equipment;
步骤3、绘制发电设备和供电设备在使用阶段的生命周期流程图；Step 3: Draw a life cycle flow chart of power generation equipment and power supply equipment during the use phase;
步骤4、通过生命周期流程图确定发电设备和供电设备使用碳足迹核算的系统边界，它规定了产品碳足迹核算的范围，包括时间跨度和输入输出，分为时间边界和空间边界两类，其中，时间边界从电力设备开始投入使用至电力设备停止运行结束，空间边界包括电力设备使用阶段各部分中运行的能耗、投入的物耗。Step 4: Determine the system boundary of carbon footprint accounting for power generation equipment and power supply equipment through the life cycle flow chart. It stipulates the scope of product carbon footprint accounting, including time span and input and output, which is divided into time boundary and space boundary. The time boundary is from the start of commissioning of power equipment to the end of stopping operation of power equipment, and the space boundary includes the energy consumption and material consumption of each part of the power equipment use stage.
步骤5、根据步骤4确定的系统边界收集所需数据，包括活动数据和排放系数，其中：从步骤4所述的系统边界得出电力设备使用碳足迹核算收集的活动数据包括电力设备运行一天的能耗量、投入的物耗量，活动数据还包括电力设备每天的维护量，其中，标准维护次数指电力设备每天必须进行的维护次数，通过电力设备标准化维护手册和文献参考来统一相关数据，附加维护次数指电力设备每天损坏后进行的维护次数；Step 5: Collect the required data according to the system boundary determined in step 4, including activity data and emission coefficients, where: the activity data collected for the carbon footprint accounting of the power equipment derived from the system boundary described in step 4 include the energy consumption and material consumption of the power equipment in one day, and the activity data also includes the daily maintenance of the power equipment, where the standard maintenance times refer to the maintenance times that must be performed on the power equipment every day, and the relevant data are unified through the standardized maintenance manual and literature references of the power equipment, and the additional maintenance times refer to the maintenance times performed on the power equipment after it is damaged every day;
步骤6、将收集到的数据代入电力设备使用碳足迹的核算公式，计算得出该电力设备在使用阶段的碳排放量。Step 6: Substitute the collected data into the carbon footprint calculation formula of the power equipment to calculate the carbon emissions of the power equipment during the use phase.
所述电力设备使用碳足迹的核算公式为：W＝Qx×u+Qe×u1×n1+Qf×u2×n2The calculation formula of the carbon footprint of the power equipment is: W = Qx × u + Qe × u1 × n1 + Qf × u2 × n2
其中：Qx为电力设备一天的能耗量；Where: Qx is the energy consumption of the power equipment in one day;
u为电力设备用1度电碳排放系数，取0.785；u is the carbon emission coefficient of 1 kWh of electricity used by power equipment, which is 0.785;
Qe为电力设备一天标准维护的物耗量；Qe is the material consumption of standard maintenance of power equipment in one day;
u1为标准维护物料的排放系数，取0.85；u1 is the emission coefficient of standard maintenance materials, which is 0.85;
n1为每天的标准维护次数；n1 is the standard maintenance frequency per day;
Qf为电力设备一天附加维护的物耗量；Qf is the material consumption of additional maintenance of power equipment in one day;
u2为附加维护物料的排放系数，取0.9；u2 is the emission coefficient of additional maintenance materials, which is 0.9;
n2为每天的附加维护次数。n2 is the number of additional maintenance per day.
以下实施例以某企业的两件发电设备和两件用电设备使用碳足迹的核算为例：The following example takes the calculation of carbon footprint of two power generation equipment and two power consumption equipment of a certain enterprise as an example:
步骤1、设定研究目标为核算出发电设备和用电设备一天的碳足迹。Step 1: Set the research goal to calculate the carbon footprint of power generation equipment and power consumption equipment in one day.
步骤2、发电设备选电站锅炉和发电机，用电设备选互感器、接触器，单位为1台。Step 2: Select power station boilers and generators as power generation equipment, and select transformers and contactors as electrical equipment, with the unit being 1 unit.
步骤3、绘制发电设备和供电设备在使用一天的周期流程图，如图1所示。Step 3: Draw a cycle flow chart of the power generation equipment and power supply equipment in one day, as shown in Figure 1.
步骤4、通过步骤3绘制的发电设备和供电设备在使用一天的周期流程图确定该服装产品使用碳足迹核算的系统边界。Step 4: Determine the system boundary of the carbon footprint accounting of the clothing product through the one-day use cycle flow chart of the power generation equipment and power supply equipment drawn in step 3.
步骤5、确定发电设备和供电设备使用一天的能耗、标准维护能耗、标准维护能耗排放系数、附加维护能耗和附加维护能耗排放系数，一下数值为近一个月记录平均值。如表1所示：Step 5: Determine the energy consumption, standard maintenance energy consumption, standard maintenance energy consumption emission coefficient, additional maintenance energy consumption and additional maintenance energy consumption emission coefficient of the power generation equipment and power supply equipment for one day. The following values are the average values recorded in the past month. As shown in Table 1:
步骤6：将收集到的数据代入电力设备使用碳足迹的核算公式，计算得出该电力设备在使用阶段的碳排放量，如表2所示：Step 6: Substitute the collected data into the calculation formula of the carbon footprint of the power equipment to calculate the carbon emissions of the power equipment during the use phase, as shown in Table 2:
从表2中可以看出标准维护和附加维护在碳足迹使用总量中占有较大的比例，因此，电力设备碳足迹核算方法不能仅将研究焦点放在电力设备上，忽略了标准维护和附加维护情况的直接影响。It can be seen from Table 2 that standard maintenance and additional maintenance account for a large proportion of the total carbon footprint usage. Therefore, the carbon footprint accounting method of power equipment cannot only focus on power equipment and ignore the direct impact of standard maintenance and additional maintenance.
本发明的一种电力设备碳足迹核算方法，得出电力设备在运行时的碳排放量，核算结果能正确指导企业掌握和了解电力设备的碳排放；充分依托现有的电力设备碳足迹核算理论和方法，结合标准维护次数和附加维护次数对核算结果的影响，核算结果具有更高的可信度且能正确的企业采取节能减排的措施。The carbon footprint accounting method of electric power equipment of the present invention obtains the carbon emissions of electric power equipment during operation, and the accounting result can correctly guide enterprises to grasp and understand the carbon emissions of electric power equipment; fully relying on the existing electric power equipment carbon footprint accounting theory and method, combined with the influence of standard maintenance times and additional maintenance times on the accounting results, the accounting results have higher credibility and can correctly guide enterprises to take energy-saving and emission reduction measures.
以上所述仅为本发明专利的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明专利，凡在本发明专利的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明专利的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN118607785A (en) * | 2024-06-20 | 2024-09-06 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method and system for calculating carbon footprint of electric equipment during its entire life cycle |
| WO2025010961A1 (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2025-01-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method, apparatus and device for calculating overhaul carbon footprint of transformer, and readable storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116664368A (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2023-08-29 | 南方电网能源发展研究院有限责任公司 | Carbon footprint acquisition method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| WO2025010961A1 (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2025-01-16 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Method, apparatus and device for calculating overhaul carbon footprint of transformer, and readable storage medium |
| CN117196389A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-12-08 | 南方电网能源发展研究院有限责任公司 | Carbon footprint accounting method applied to circuit breaker in power grid system |
| CN117196389B (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2024-07-23 | 南方电网能源发展研究院有限责任公司 | Carbon footprint accounting method applied to circuit breaker in power grid system |
| CN118607785A (en) * | 2024-06-20 | 2024-09-06 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method and system for calculating carbon footprint of electric equipment during its entire life cycle |
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