CN115907291B - Relay protection constant value performance evaluation method for active power distribution network - Google Patents
Relay protection constant value performance evaluation method for active power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a relay protection fixed value performance evaluation method of an active power distribution network, which comprises the steps of obtaining and marking all circuit breakers of all the protection of the circuit breaker of the power distribution network, and calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker of the whole circuit; calculating protection action tripping information corresponding to each section of line according to the maximum and minimum protection ranges of circuit breaker protection; calculating the tripping loss load and the number of power failure users of each section of line; and calculating the protection speed, sensitivity and selectivity of the whole line and the reliability score according to the data parameters obtained in the steps to obtain a final protection constant value performance evaluation result. The invention takes the probability of the fault weight of the whole line into consideration, simulates the fault distribution of the whole year, calculates the loss of the tripping condition of the line, and gives an evaluation value by combining the line topological structure, thereby realizing the quantitative evaluation of the fixed value performance of the active power distribution network, and giving data support for the quality of data compared with different protection schemes, so that the fixed value tuning work can be dependent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks of power systems, in particular to a relay protection constant value performance evaluation method of an active power distribution network.
Background
When relay protection setting calculation is carried out on an active power distribution network, the superiority of fixed value performances such as selectivity, sensitivity, quick action, reliability and the like are required to be ensured as much as possible, and the traditional fixed value performance evaluation has the following defects: quantitative evaluation is carried out on the constant value performance of single breaker protection, but the protection has a matched relationship, and the local optimum is often not the global optimum; the evaluation of the overall constant value performance of the whole line is mostly from the qualitative point of view, and a scientific and reasonable quantitative evaluation method is lacking. The problems cause that in the setting calculation work of the active distribution network, the advantages and disadvantages of different protection fixed value configuration schemes cannot be compared quantitatively according to the fixed value performance, so that the fixed value tuning work lacks basic support.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art by adopting an active power distribution network relay protection constant value performance evaluation method.
A relay protection constant value performance evaluation method for an active power distribution network comprises the following steps:
step S1, acquiring and marking all the circuit breakers of the whole circuit to be protected in the power distribution network, and calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker of the whole circuit;
step S2, calculating protection action tripping information corresponding to each section of line according to the maximum and minimum protection ranges of circuit breaker protection; and
s3, calculating tripping loss load and the number of power failure users of each section of line;
and S4, calculating the protection speed, sensitivity and selectivity of the whole line and the reliability score according to the data parameters obtained in the steps to obtain a final protection constant value performance evaluation result.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific steps of the step S1 include:
s11, firstly, acquiring a topological structure of a power distribution network circuit, traversing from a source breaker to a circuit topological positive direction, and sequentially acquiring and marking all the circuit breakers to be protected;
s12, starting from the first marked circuit breaker, calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker, wherein the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range are specifically as follows:
calculating the impedance corresponding to the protection fixed value of each section, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein Z is g Representing the impedance corresponding to the protection fixed value of each segment, I p The constant value of the protection of the overcurrent I section, the overcurrent II section and the overcurrent III section is shown;
judging which line section the protection terminal is positioned on according to the resistance and reactance of each section of line;
starting from a first section of line at the head end of the line, traversing along the topological positive direction and sequentially accumulating the resistance and reactance of each section of line:
R s ＝R m +R L1 +R L2 +…，X s ＝X m +X L1 +X L2 +…；
wherein R is s And X s Representing the cumulative resistance and reactance; r is R m And X m Representing the equivalent resistance and reactance of a large power grid system; r is R L1 、R L2 、X L1 And X L2 Representing the resistance and reactance of the segment lines;
when (when)Continuing traversing and accumulating; when->When returning to the last R s And X s And ending, and obtaining the last accumulated line as the line section where the protection terminal is located;
calculating the position of the protection tail end, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein L is g Represents the distance from the protection end to the head end of the line section, r L 、x L Representing the unit resistance and unit reactance of the present line segment.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific steps of the step S2 include:
s21, acquiring and recording overcurrent I-section protection action information:
marking all line sections from the current breaker to the protection end range of the overcurrent section I and recording protection action information thereof, wherein the protection action information comprises line names, trip breakers and trip time t p Trip protection type, upper circuit breaker and distance L from protection end to head end of line section g ；
S22, recording overcurrent II-section protection action information
Marking all line sections from the circuit breaker to the end of the protection range of the overcurrent II section, wherein the line sections have repeated and non-repeated line sections;
for the line section with repeated marks, the current recorded tripping time t is compared p Time constant t for protection with overcurrent II section Ⅱ The judgment protection action information processing is as follows:
when the updating is needed, let t p ＝t Ⅱ The tripping protection type is updated as 'overcurrent II section protection';
recording protection action information for line sections with unrepeated marks;
s23, recording overcurrent III segment protection action information:
marking all line sections from the circuit breaker to the end of the protection range of the overcurrent III section, wherein the line sections have repeated and non-repeated line sections;
for the line section with repeated marks, the current recorded tripping time t is compared p Time constant t with overcurrent III segment protection Ⅲ Judging how the protection action information is processed:
when the updating is needed, let t p ＝t Ⅲ The tripping protection type is updated as 'overcurrent II section protection';
and recording protection action information for the line sections with unrepeated marks.
S24, calculating protection action information of the next breaker.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific steps of the step S3 include:
s31, calculating the fault loss of each section of line:
acquiring actual tripping circuit breakers of all sections of lines in a power distribution network, traversing the obtained circuit breakers in the topological positive direction, recording all transformers, and respectively accumulating the house numbers and rated capacities of all transformers to obtain the power failure house numbers and loss loads;
s32, calculating the fault probability of each line segment according to a fault probability formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein L is unit And L b The weighted total length of the whole line and the line is respectively; l (L) d 、L l And L j The lengths of the cable line, the bare conductor and the insulated conductor are respectively; k (k) d 、k l And k j The correction coefficients of the cable line, the bare wire and the insulated wire are respectively calculated; ρ is the probability of failure;
s33, calculating the expected value of the line fault loss according to the expected value formula of the line fault loss, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein ε h 、ε t The power outage number and the loss load of the line are expected; n is the number of times of tripping the whole line; s is S h For power failure, S t To lose load.
S34, calculating an expected value of the fault loss of the whole line according to the expected value of the fault loss of the line, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein ε uh And epsilon ut The number of power outage and the load loss expectations of the whole line are respectively.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific step of calculating the speed score in the step S4 includes:
calculating a mobility score according to the fault clearing time and the mean fault clearing time:
obtaining a line within a preset distance X from a source circuit breaker, and obtaining a value with the longest cutting time in a line section, wherein the fault cutting time scores of different durations are as follows:
wherein C is q1 Fault-removal time scores for the near-speed zones;
the failure average excision time score is:
wherein t is te Mean time to failure, Σt p Sum of fault removal time of each section of line, n l The total number of the lines is;
the score formula of the failure average excision time score of the speediness is as follows:
wherein C is q2 Mean time to failure cut off score for speed;
the resulting overall snap action score is:
C q ＝k q1 C q1 +k q2 C q2
wherein C is q For the total score of the speed, k q1 Scoring a weight coefficient, k, for near zone fault removal time q2 And (5) scoring a weight coefficient for the average fault removal time.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific step of calculating the sensitivity score in the step S4 includes:
acquiring the lines of which the actual tripping circuit breakers in all the line sections are empty, and if yes, considering that the faults are not removed;
the sensitivity is generally divided into:
wherein C is sen Is the sensitivity total score.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific step of calculating the selectivity score in the step S4 includes:
acquiring a line section of the circuit breaker which is not equal to the actual tripping circuit breaker, and recording the line length and fault loss information of the line section;
the total override score for the current line segment transformer is:
wherein C is sel0 Sigma L' is the total override score unit Sigma epsilon' for the total length of the override line ut 、∑ε` uh Representing the number of override power cut-off units and override load loss, k s1 、k s2 、k s2 Representing an override weight coefficient;
backup of the override main transformer:
judging whether an actual tripping breaker of a wired section is of a main transformer backup type, if so, enabling the total score of selectivity to be equal to 0, and otherwise, ignoring influence;
override outlet switch:
searching whether an actual tripping breaker of a line section is a source breaker in a line with a total override or not, and scoring rules of the current situation:
A. with an override of this value-20 minutes; B. buckling 1 minute every 1km of the override line;
branch line override trunks:
searching for a line section with a total override, removing a source breaker and a main transformer backup in an actual tripping breaker, and when the line section with the branch level of the breaker to be tripped not being 'trunk' "and the branch level of the actual tripping breaker being 'trunk'", determining the scoring rule in the current situation: the time value of the override is-5 minutes, and the override line is buckled for 1 minute every 1 km;
the resulting selective total score is:
in Sigma C seld Indicating selective total deduction, C sel Representing the selective total score.
As a further aspect of the invention: the specific step of calculating the reliability score in the step S4 includes:
acquiring all the circuit breakers which are not protected in the throwing direction, carrying out accumulation calculation to obtain the sum of rated currents of the distributed power inverter carried by the circuit breakers, judging whether the protection fixed value is established, marking the circuit breakers when the protection fixed value is not established, and carrying out accumulation calculation to obtain the sum of equivalent total lengths of all lines in the protection range of all the circuit breakers;
reliability total score:
wherein C is rel Representing the reliability total score, Σl b The sum of the equivalent total length of each circuit in the protection range of the circuit breaker is shown.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
by adopting the technical scheme, the fault weight probability of different areas of the whole circuit is taken into consideration, fault distribution under different tripping times of the whole year is simulated, the circuit tripping condition loss is calculated, and the evaluation values about selectivity, sensitivity, quick action and reliability are given by combining the circuit topological structure, so that the quantitative evaluation of the fixed value performance of the active power distribution network is realized, the data support is given for scientifically and reasonably comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different protection schemes, the fixed value tuning work can be dependent, the relay protection setting calculation effect of the active power distribution network is further improved, and the power supply reliability of the power distribution network is improved.
Drawings
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a performance evaluation method according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 2 is a circuit topology diagram of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Distribution network: electrical energy is received from a power source side (grid, power generation facility, distributed power source, etc.) and distributed, either step-by-step or on-site, through a distribution facility to a power network of various customers.
Constant value performance: the selectivity, sensitivity, speed and reliability of the specified values are good or bad.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for evaluating relay protection constant performance of an active power distribution network includes:
step S1, obtaining and marking all the circuit breakers of the whole circuit in the power distribution network, and calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker of the whole circuit, wherein the specific steps comprise:
as shown in fig. 2, illustrated as a line topology;
s11, firstly, acquiring a topological structure of a power distribution network circuit, traversing the circuit from a source breaker to a circuit topological positive direction, and sequentially acquiring and marking all the circuit breakers to be protected, such as a 101 circuit breaker, a 102 circuit breaker and a 103 circuit breaker in FIG. 2;
s12, starting from the first marked circuit breaker of the 101 circuit breakers, the 102 circuit breakers and the 103 circuit breakers, calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker of the 101 circuit breakers, the 102 circuit breakers and the 103 circuit breakers, wherein the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range are specifically as follows:
taking an overcurrent I section of the 101 circuit breaker as an example, calculating impedance corresponding to a protection fixed value of the overcurrent I section;
calculating the impedance corresponding to the protection fixed value of each section, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein Z is g Representing pairs of protection constant values for each segmentImpedance of the response, I p The constant value of the protection of the overcurrent I section, the overcurrent II section and the overcurrent III section is shown;
judging which line section the protection terminal is positioned on according to the resistance and reactance of each section of line;
starting from a first section of line at the head end of the line, traversing along the topological positive direction and sequentially accumulating the resistance and reactance of each section of line:
R s ＝R m +R L1 +R L2 +…，X s ＝X m +X L1 +X L2 +…；
wherein R is s And X z Representing the cumulative resistance and reactance; r is R m And X m Representing the equivalent resistance and reactance of a large power grid system; r is R L1 、R L2 、X L1 And X L2 Representing the resistance and reactance of the segment lines;
when (when)Continuing traversing and accumulating; when->When returning to the last R s And X s And ending, and obtaining the last accumulated line as the line section where the protection terminal is located;
in this embodiment, the protection end position of the overcurrent i of the 101 circuit breaker is found to be located in the 2-line and 3-line.
Calculating the position of the protection tail end, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein L is g Represents the distance from the protection end to the head end of the line section, r L 、x L Representing the unit resistance and unit reactance of the present line segment.
The protection end position of the overcurrent I of the 101-type circuit breaker is obtained as follows:
step S2, calculating protection action tripping information corresponding to each section of line according to the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of the circuit breaker protection, wherein the specific steps comprise:
s21, acquiring and recording overcurrent I-section protection action information:
marking all line sections from the current circuit breaker, i.e. 101 circuit breaker, to the end of overcurrent section I protection range and recording the protection action information thereof, wherein the protection action information comprises line name, trip circuit breaker, trip time t p (overcurrent I section protection time constant t) Ⅰ ) Trip protection type, upper level breaker (trip-on breaker), distance L from protection end to head end of line section g ；
In this example, the recording results are shown in the following table:
s22, recording overcurrent II-section protection action information
Marking all line sections from the circuit breaker to the end of the protection range of the overcurrent II section, wherein the line sections have repeated and non-repeated line sections;
for the line section with repeated marks, the current recorded tripping time t is compared p Time constant t for protection with overcurrent II section Ⅱ The judgment protection action information processing is as follows:
when the updating is needed, let t p ＝t Ⅱ The tripping protection type is updated as 'overcurrent II section protection';
for line segments with unrepeated marks, protection action information is recorded, and the results are shown in the following table:
s23, recording overcurrent III segment protection action information:
marking all line sections from the circuit breaker to the end of the protection range of the overcurrent III section, wherein the line sections have repeated and non-repeated line sections;
for the line section with repeated marks, the current recorded tripping time t is compared p Time constant t with overcurrent III segment protection Ⅲ Judging how the protection action information is processed:
when the updating is needed, let t p ＝t Ⅲ The tripping protection type is updated as 'overcurrent II section protection';
and recording protection action information for the line sections with unrepeated marks.
S24, calculating protection action information of the next circuit breaker, in this embodiment, calculating 102 protection action information of the circuit breaker and 103 protection action information of the circuit breaker.
Step S3, calculating the tripping loss load and the number of power failure users of each section of line, wherein the specific steps comprise:
s31, calculating the fault loss of each section of line:
acquiring actual tripping circuit breakers of all sections of lines in a power distribution network, traversing the obtained circuit breakers in a topological positive direction, recording all transformers, and respectively accumulating the house numbers and rated capacities of all transformers to obtain a power failure house number S h And loss load S t ；
S32, calculating the fault probability of each line segment according to a fault probability formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein L is unit And L b The weighted total length of the whole line and the line is respectively; l (L) d 、L l And L j The lengths of the cable line, the bare conductor and the insulated conductor are respectively; k (k) d 、k l And k j The correction coefficients of the cable line, the bare wire and the insulated wire are respectively calculated; ρ is the probability of failure;
s33, calculating the expected value of the line fault loss according to the expected value formula of the line fault loss, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein ε h 、ε t The power outage number and the loss load of the line are expected; n is the number of times of tripping the whole line; s is S h For power failure, S t To lose load.
S34, calculating an expected value of the fault loss of the whole line according to the expected value of the fault loss of the line, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein ε uh And epsilon ut The number of power outage and the loss load demand for the whole line are set to 20 in this embodiment.
And S4, calculating the protection speed, sensitivity and selectivity of the whole line and the reliability score according to the data parameters obtained in the steps to obtain a final protection constant value performance evaluation result.
In this embodiment, the specific steps for calculating the full line protection mobility, sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability score are:
s41, quick action scoring:
the specific steps of calculating the speed score include:
calculating a mobility score according to the fault clearing time and the mean fault clearing time:
1) Near zone fault removal time score for transformer substation
Calculating fault removal time of a line within 2km of the circuit breaker 101, finding lines within 2km from the circuit breaker 101 as sections of 0-0.6km of 1 line full line, 2 lines and 3 lines in fig. 2, and taking the longest value of the removal time in the sections of the lines as 0s. The scores for the different durations were as follows:
obtaining a line within a preset distance X from a source circuit breaker, and obtaining a value with the longest cutting time in a line section, wherein the fault cutting time scores of different durations are as follows:
wherein C is q1 Calculating available C for fault removal time score of the rapid velocity near zone q1 ＝100；
2) The failure average excision time score is:
wherein t is te Mean time to failure, Σt p Sum of fault removal time of each section of line, n l The total number of the lines is;
the score formula of the failure average excision time score of the speediness is as follows:
wherein C is q2 Calculating the available C for failure average cut-off time score of the quick action q2 ＝62.5；
3) The resulting overall snap action score is:
C q ＝k q1 C q1 +k q2 C q2
wherein C is q For the total score of the speed, k q1 Scoring a weight coefficient, k, for near zone fault removal time q2 Mean time to failure scoreWeight coefficient, in this embodiment, k is taken q1 ＝0.85，k q2 =0.15, then get C q ＝94.4。
S42, calculating a sensitivity score comprises the following specific steps:
1) Acquiring the lines of which the actual tripping circuit breakers in all the line sections are empty, and if yes, considering that the faults are not removed;
2) The sensitivity is generally divided into:
wherein C is sen For the sensitivity total score, calculate C sen ＝100。
S43, calculating a selectivity score, wherein the specific steps comprise:
1) Total override score:
acquiring a line section of the circuit breaker which is not equal to the actual tripping circuit breaker, and recording the line length and fault loss information of the line section;
the total override score for the current line segment transformer is:
wherein C is sel0 Sigma L' is the total override score unit Sigma epsilon' for the total length of the override line ut 、∑ε` uh Representing the number of override power cut-off units and override load loss, k s1 、k s2 、k s2 Representing the override weight coefficient, the specific coefficient taking k s1 ＝0.4、k s2 ＝0.3、k s3 ＝0.3，C sel0 Then = 78.3;
2) Backup of the override main transformer:
judging whether an actual tripping breaker of a wired section is of a main transformer backup type, if so, enabling the total score of selectivity to be equal to 0, and otherwise, ignoring influence;
3) Override outlet switch:
searching whether an actual tripping breaker of a line section is a source breaker in a line with a total override or not, and scoring rules of the current situation:
A. with an override of this value-20 minutes; B. buckling 1 minute every 1km of the override line;
4) Branch line override trunks:
searching for a line section with a total override, removing a source breaker and a main transformer backup in an actual tripping breaker, and when the line section with the branch level of the breaker to be tripped not being 'trunk' "and the branch level of the actual tripping breaker being 'trunk'", determining the scoring rule in the current situation: the time value of the override is-5 minutes, and the override line is buckled for 1 minute every 1 km;
5) The resulting selective total score is:
in Sigma C seld Indicating selective total deduction, C sel Representing the selective total score.
S44, calculating a reliability scoring score comprises the following specific steps:
acquiring all the circuit breakers which are not protected in the throwing direction, carrying out accumulation calculation to obtain the sum of rated currents of the distributed power inverter carried by the circuit breakers, judging whether the protection fixed value is established, marking the circuit breakers when the protection fixed value is not established, and carrying out accumulation calculation to obtain the sum of equivalent total lengths of all lines in the protection range of all the circuit breakers;
reliability total score:
wherein C is rel Representing the reliability total score, Σl b Representing the sum of the equivalent total lengths of all lines in the protection range of the circuit breaker, and calculating to obtain C rel ＝100。
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The method for evaluating the relay protection constant performance of the active power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, acquiring and marking all the circuit breakers of the whole circuit to be protected in the power distribution network, and calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker of the whole circuit;
step S2, calculating protection action tripping information corresponding to each section of line according to the maximum and minimum protection ranges of circuit breaker protection; and
s3, calculating tripping loss load and the number of power failure users of each section of line;
step S4, calculating the protection speed, sensitivity and selectivity of the whole line and the reliability score according to the data parameters obtained in the step to obtain a final protection constant value performance evaluation result;
the specific step of calculating the mobility score in step S4 includes:
calculating a mobility score according to the fault clearing time and the mean fault clearing time:
obtaining a line within a preset distance X from a source circuit breaker, and obtaining a value with the longest cutting time in a line section, wherein the fault cutting time scores of different durations are as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,fault-removal time scores for the near-speed zones;
the failure average excision time score is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,mean time to failure, +_for failure>Sum of line fault removal times of each segment +.>The total number of the lines is;
the score formula of the failure average excision time score of the speediness is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,mean time to failure cut off score for speed;
the resulting overall snap action score is:
+/>
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the total score of the speed>Weight coefficient for near zone fault removal time score, < ->Mean cut-off for faultsTime score weight coefficient;
the specific step of calculating the selectivity score in the step S4 includes:
acquiring a line section of the circuit breaker which is not equal to the actual tripping circuit breaker, and recording the line length and fault loss information of the line section;
the total override score for the current line segment transformer is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for total override score->For the total length of the override line->、/>Indicating the number of offside power cut, offside load loss, < ->、/>、/>Representing an override weight coefficient;
backup of the override main transformer:
judging whether an actual tripping breaker of a wired section is of a main transformer backup type, if so, enabling the total score of selectivity to be equal to 0, and otherwise, ignoring influence;
override outlet switch:
searching whether an actual tripping breaker of a line section is a source breaker in a line with a total override or not, and scoring rules of the current situation:
A. with an override of this value-20 minutes; B. buckling 1 minute every 1km of the override line;
branch line override trunks:
searching for a line section with a total override, removing a source breaker and a main transformer backup in an actual tripping breaker, and when the line section with the branch level of the breaker to be tripped not being 'trunk' "and the branch level of the actual tripping breaker being 'trunk'", determining the scoring rule in the current situation: the time value of the override is-5 minutes, and the override line is buckled for 1 minute every 1 km;
the resulting selective total score is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating selective total deduction->Representing the selective total score.
2. The method for evaluating relay protection constant performance of an active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of step S1 include:
s11, firstly, acquiring a topological structure of a power distribution network circuit, traversing from a source breaker to a circuit topological positive direction, and sequentially acquiring and marking all the circuit breakers to be protected;
s12, starting from the first marked circuit breaker, calculating the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range of each circuit breaker, wherein the maximum protection range and the minimum protection range are specifically as follows:
calculating the impedance corresponding to the protection fixed value of each section, wherein the formula is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the impedance corresponding to the protection constant value of each segment, < >>The constant value of the protection of the overcurrent I section, the overcurrent II section and the overcurrent III section is shown;
judging which line section the protection terminal is positioned on according to the resistance and reactance of each section of line;
starting from a first section of line at the head end of the line, traversing along the topological positive direction and sequentially accumulating the resistance and reactance of each section of line:
，/>；
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->Representing the cumulative resistance and reactance; /> And/>representing the equivalent resistance and reactance of a large power grid system;and->Representing the resistance and reactance of the segment lines;
when (when)Continuing traversing and accumulating; when->When return to the last +.>And->And ending, and obtaining the last accumulated line as the line section where the protection terminal is located;
calculating the position of the protection tail end, wherein the formula is as follows:
；
wherein,indicating the distance from the protective end to the head end of the line section,/->、/>Representing the unit resistance and unit reactance of the present line segment.
3. The method for evaluating relay protection constant performance of an active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of step S2 include:
s21, acquiring and recording overcurrent I-section protection action information:
marking all line sections from the current breaker to the protection end range of the overcurrent section I and recording protection action information thereof, wherein the protection action information comprises line names, trip breakers and trip timeTrip protection type, upper circuit breaker, distance from the protection end to the head end of the line section +.>；
S22, recording overcurrent II-section protection action information
Marking all line sections from the circuit breaker to the end of the protection range of the overcurrent II section, wherein the line sections have repeated and non-repeated line sections;
for a line segment with repeated marks, comparing the current recorded tripping timeTime constant for protection against overcurrent phase II>The judgment protection action information processing is as follows:
；
when the update is needed, orderThe tripping protection type is updated as 'overcurrent II section protection';
recording protection action information for line sections with unrepeated marks;
s23, recording overcurrent III segment protection action information:
marking all line sections from the circuit breaker to the end of the protection range of the overcurrent III section, wherein the line sections have repeated and non-repeated line sections;
for a line segment with repeated marks, comparing the current recorded tripping timeTime constant for protection against overcurrent section III>Judging how the protection action information is processed:
；
when the update is needed, orderThe tripping protection type is updated as 'overcurrent II section protection';
recording protection action information for line sections with unrepeated marks;
s24, calculating protection action information of the next breaker.
4. The method for evaluating relay protection constant performance of an active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of step S3 includes:
s31, calculating the fault loss of each section of line:
acquiring actual tripping circuit breakers of all sections of lines in a power distribution network, traversing the obtained circuit breakers in a topological positive direction, recording all transformers, and respectively accumulating the house numbers and rated capacities of all transformers to obtain the power failure house numbersAnd loss of load->；
S32, calculating the fault probability of each line segment according to a fault probability formula, wherein the formula is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->The weighted total length of the whole line and the line is respectively; />、/>And->The lengths of the cable line, the bare conductor and the insulated conductor are respectively; />、/>And->The correction coefficients of the cable line, the bare wire and the insulated wire are respectively calculated; />Is the probability of failure;
s33, calculating the expected value of the line fault loss according to the expected value formula of the line fault loss, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,、/>power outage and loss load expectations for the present line；/>The tripping times of the whole line are counted; />For the number of the power failure users,to lose load;
s34, calculating an expected value of the fault loss of the whole line according to the expected value of the fault loss of the line, wherein the formula is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,and->The number of power outage and the load loss expectations of the whole line are respectively.
5. The method for evaluating relay protection constant performance of an active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of calculating the sensitivity score in step S4 includes:
acquiring the lines of which the actual tripping circuit breakers in all the line sections are empty, and if yes, considering that the faults are not removed;
the sensitivity is generally divided into:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the sensitivity total score.
6. The method for evaluating relay protection constant performance of an active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of calculating the reliability score in step S4 includes:
acquiring all the circuit breakers which are not protected in the throwing direction, carrying out accumulation calculation to obtain the sum of rated currents of the distributed power inverter carried by the circuit breakers, judging whether the protection fixed value is established, marking the circuit breakers when the protection fixed value is not established, and carrying out accumulation calculation to obtain the sum of equivalent total lengths of all lines in the protection range of all the circuit breakers;
reliability total score:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing reliability total score,/->The sum of the equivalent total length of each circuit in the protection range of the circuit breaker is shown.
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