CN115903057A - Light-weight type high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment and ice measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Light-weight type high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment and ice measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115903057A CN115903057A CN202110942232.9A CN202110942232A CN115903057A CN 115903057 A CN115903057 A CN 115903057A CN 202110942232 A CN202110942232 A CN 202110942232A CN 115903057 A CN115903057 A CN 115903057A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightweight high-altitude ice measurement sensing device and an ice measurement method thereof. The light-weight high-altitude ice measuring sensing equipment has the advantages of simplicity, practicability, accurate measuring range, accurate and reliable result and the like, and the ice measuring method also has the advantages and is simple and feasible in steps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological sounding, in particular to light-weight high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment and an ice measurement method thereof.
Background
The factors causing the ice accumulation of the airplane are many, the environmental factors such as the atmospheric temperature, the cloud layer range, the water drop diameter and the liquid water content are related to the factors, and the flying equipment factors such as the appearance, the flying attitude, the flying speed and the flying height of the airplane are related to the factors. Generally, the ice accretion of the airplane mainly occurs in winter, and the ice accretion probability of the flight height at the altitude of about 3000 m is the largest. The ice accumulating airplane has many conveyors with slow flying speed. Specifically, in the atmosphere, super-cooled water droplets which are not frozen even below zero degrees are often present, which is a special case of water droplets in a cloud layer, and such super-cooled water droplets are mostly present in a cloud layer and precipitation at 0 to-20 ℃. Once the supercooled water drops touch the body, ice can be immediately accumulated on the body, and the flight safety is seriously influenced.
At present, all levels of meteorological departments of civil aviation and military in China do not have special equipment for specially detecting the height and the strength of the aircraft ice accretion, and the detection and early warning of the aircraft ice accretion are still important problems in meteorological guarantee. The main acquisition means for forecasting meteorological data required by aircraft icing are the following three types: firstly, the sounding balloon is released by the weather station at 08 points and 20 points 2 times every day to obtain the air temperature and humidity conditions of a single point; secondly, observing basic meteorological data such as ground temperature, air pressure, humidity and wind, cloud bottom height and the like every day and time by time; and thirdly, drawing a ground weather map 4 times and an overhead weather map 2 times per day according to the ground and overhead drawing and reporting data. And the rough range and the intensity of the ice accretion of the airplane are indirectly estimated by analyzing the simple meteorological conditions obtained by the three ways and according to the experience of forecast support personnel. For a long time, the forecast of the ice deposition of the airplane is always established on the traditional statistical method and the weather method, and the judgment is carried out by utilizing the element indexes such as the weather situation, the temperature and humidity condition and the like. The method has certain effect on forecasting systematical weather in a large range, but for aircraft ice accretion with small scale and complex development and change, the forecasting level is low and the forecasting reliability is poor, so that the hidden danger of flight safety is difficult to eliminate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a light-weight high-altitude ice measuring sensing device which is simple and practical, accurate in measuring range and accurate and reliable in result and an ice measuring method using the device for accurate measurement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a light-weight type high altitude ice detection sensing equipment, includes freezes detection device and central control unit, it includes transmitting antenna and receiving antenna to freeze detection device, transmitting antenna launches the microwave of settlement frequency to receiving antenna, it sends the dielectric constant epsilon between transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna to central control unit to freeze detection device, central control unit is used for judging whether sending the signal of freezing according to the dielectric constant epsilon of receipt.
As a further improvement of the light-weight type high altitude ice sensing device:
the light-weight high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment further comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, and the central control unit acquires temperature and humidity information detected by the temperature and humidity sensor.
The light-weight type high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment further comprises a carrying device and an information transmission device, the icing detection device, the temperature and humidity sensor and the information transmission device are carried by the carrying device and are stably arranged in an environment to be detected, and the information transmission device is in communication connection with the icing detection device, the temperature and humidity sensor and the central control unit.
The information transmission device comprises an information acquisition part and an L-band amplifier.
The information transmission device also comprises a foam plastic shell which is sleeved outside the information acquisition part and the L-band amplifier.
The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are both metal sheets, the icing detection device further comprises a metal shell sleeved outside the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and through holes are formed in the metal shell.
An ice measuring method of a light-weight high-altitude ice measuring sensing device comprises the following steps:
s1: the carrying device carries the icing detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor and moves to an environment to be detected;
s2: the icing detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor are started and used for detecting the environment to be detected, and the information transmission device sends information generated by the icing detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor to the central control unit;
s3: the central control unit receives information of the icing detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor, compares the information with comparison conditions preset in the central control unit, and judges whether to send an icing signal according to a comparison result.
As a further improvement of the ice measuring method:
the comparison conditions preset in the central control unit comprise:
a1: dielectric constant: epsilon is more than 80 and less than 100;
a2: temperature: t is less than 0.1 ℃;
and when the central control unit judges that the conditions a1 and a2 are both satisfied, the central control unit sends an icing signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the lightweight high-altitude ice detection sensing equipment transmits microwaves with set frequency to the receiving antenna through the transmitting antenna so as to obtain a resonator with fixed frequency, the icing detection device can transmit the dielectric constant epsilon between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna to the central control unit, and the dielectric constant epsilon generated by the medium is related to the material and is constant, so that when the environment where the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are located is iced, the dielectric constant epsilon obtained by the icing detection device can be changed, the environment condition can be known according to the change, and the central control unit can judge whether to transmit icing signals according to the received dielectric constant epsilon, thereby accurately and effectively adjusting the takeoff condition and eliminating the flight safety hidden trouble.
The setting mode of the invention utilizes the dielectric constant to judge the environmental factors, compared with the judgment mode of the sounding balloon, the detection range is more accurate, compared with the observation mode, the detection range is judged by utilizing the data, therefore, the invention is more accurate, effective and reliable, and has less experience dependence on personnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lightweight overhead ice sensing apparatus of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. an icing detection device; 11. a transmitting antenna; 12. a receiving antenna; 13. a metal housing; 2. a temperature and humidity sensor; 3. an information acquisition component; 4. an L-band amplifier; 5. a foam plastic shell.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the lightweight high altitude ice detection sensing device of the present embodiment includes an icing detection apparatus 1 and a central control unit, where the icing detection apparatus 1 includes a transmitting antenna 11 and a receiving antenna 12, the transmitting antenna 11 transmits microwaves of a set frequency to the receiving antenna 12, the icing detection apparatus 1 transmits a dielectric constant ∈ between the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 to the central control unit, and the central control unit is configured to determine whether to transmit an icing signal according to the received dielectric constant ∈.
In the embodiment, the transmitting antenna 11 transmits microwaves with set frequency to the receiving antenna 12, so that a resonator with fixed frequency is obtained, the icing detection device 1 can transmit the dielectric constant epsilon between the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 to the central control unit, and because the dielectric constant generated by the medium is related to the material of the medium and is fixed, when the environment where the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are located is iced, the dielectric constant epsilon obtained by the icing detection device 1 can be changed, the environment condition can be known according to the change, so that the central control unit can judge whether to transmit an icing signal according to the received dielectric constant epsilon, so that the takeoff condition can be accurately and effectively adjusted, and the flight safety hazard is eliminated.
The environmental factor is judged to the mode of setting up of this embodiment utilize the dielectric constant, compares sounding balloon judgement mode, and its detection range is more accurate, compares observation mode, and it utilizes data to judge, consequently more accurate effective and reliable, and is littleer to personnel's experience degree of dependence.
In this embodiment, the light-weight type overhead ice-measuring sensing device further includes a temperature and humidity sensor 2, and the temperature and humidity sensor 2 measures by using an sth35 temperature and humidity chip of austria. The central control unit acquires temperature and humidity information detected by the temperature and humidity sensor 2. The dielectric constant judgment result is further corrected through the temperature and humidity information of the environment, the misjudgment probability is reduced, and the reliability of the judgment result is ensured.
In this embodiment, light-weight type high altitude ice measurement sensing equipment still includes carrying device and information transmission device, and icing detection device 1, temperature and humidity sensor 2 and information transmission device are carried by carrying device and are stabilized in waiting to detect the environment, and information transmission device and icing detection device 1, temperature and humidity sensor 2 and central control unit communication connection, information transmission device with freeze the information that detection device 1 and temperature and humidity sensor 2 obtained and send to central control unit in, realize remote information transmission. The arrangement mode reduces the weight of the aerial structure of the equipment, has wider application range, and the weight of the central control unit is not limited, so that the better treatment equipment can be selected.
In this embodiment, the information transmission device uses the MCU information acquisition component 3 with ultra-low power consumption to perform data acquisition, and uses the L-band amplifier 4 of AMCON to perform data transmission to the ground central control unit, where the transmission frequency is up to 1.2GHz. The device also comprises a foam plastic shell 5 which is sleeved outside the information acquisition part 3 and the L-band amplifier 4, the foam plastic is made of light materials, and is used for accommodating the information acquisition part 3 and the L-band amplifier 4 only by using a plate shape of 40mm multiplied by 80mm, and the weight is not more than 150g.
In this embodiment, the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are both metal sheets, the icing detection device 1 further includes a metal shell 13 sleeved outside the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12, and the metal shell 13 is provided with a through hole. The transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 can be made of suitable materials such as copper materials, aluminum materials or aluminum alloys, the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is 10mm, and the transmitting antenna transmits microwaves with the frequency of 1 GHz; the diameter of the metal shell 13 is 11mm, and the metal shell 13 protects the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12, and meanwhile, due to the through holes, the judgment of the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 on the external environment cannot be influenced.
The ice measuring method of the light-weight high-altitude ice measuring sensing equipment comprises the following steps:
s1: the carrying device carries the icing detection device 1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 2 and moves into an environment to be detected;
s2: the icing detection device 1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 2 are started and detect the environment to be detected, and the information transmission device transmits the information generated by the icing detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor to the central control unit;
s3: the central control unit receives information of the icing detection device 1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 2, compares the information with comparison conditions preset in the central control unit, and judges whether to send an icing signal according to a comparison result.
In this embodiment, the comparison conditions preset in the central control unit include:
a1: dielectric constant: epsilon is more than 80 and less than 100;
a2: temperature: t is less than 0.1 ℃;
and when the central control unit judges that the conditions a1 and a2 are both satisfied, the central control unit sends an icing signal.
Utilize this sensing equipment to survey the icing condition within ice measurable 10mm, light in weight can conveniently carry on neotype meteorological sensor's sounding balloon simultaneously, measure equivalent atmosphere basic meteorological parameter and icing condition, convey meteorological and icing data to the well accuse unit of ground receiving station in real time simultaneously, provide quantized data for the operation personnel, judge supercooling water and meteorological element in the high altitude atmosphere, guide and formulate the coping strategy to some work in the airspace field, make whole process high efficiency, it is accurate, safety.
In addition, in order to further improve the ice measuring precision, the central control unit can repeatedly measure for one to three times after the judgment conditions a1 and a2 are both met, and sends an icing signal after the measurement results of a plurality of times all meet the conditions a1 and a2 or the set times and above all meet the conditions a1 and a2, so as to avoid the condition that the measurement results are inaccurate due to equipment floating or interference with other objects. In order to further improve the ice measurement precision, a plurality of icing detection devices 1 and temperature and humidity sensors 2 can be arranged on the same sounding device in different directions, and the situation that the measurement result is inaccurate due to the problems of the device can be avoided in a redundant arrangement mode.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A light-weight type high-altitude ice detection sensing equipment is characterized in that: including freezing detection device (1) and central control unit, freezing detection device (1) is including transmitting antenna (11) and receiving antenna (12), transmitting antenna (11) are to receiving antenna (12) transmission set frequency's microwave, freezing detection device (1) sends the dielectric constant epsilon between transmitting antenna (11) and receiving antenna (12) to central control unit, central control unit is used for judging whether sending the signal that freezes according to the dielectric constant epsilon that receives.
2. A lightweight overhead ice sensing apparatus according to claim 1 wherein: the temperature and humidity monitoring system further comprises a temperature and humidity sensor (2), and the central control unit acquires temperature and humidity information detected by the temperature and humidity sensor (2).
3. A lightweight high altitude ice sensing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the icing detection device is characterized by further comprising a carrying device and an information transmission device, the icing detection device (1), the temperature and humidity sensor (2) and the information transmission device are carried by the carrying device and are stably arranged in an environment to be detected, and the information transmission device is in communication connection with the icing detection device (1), the temperature and humidity sensor (2) and the central control unit.
4. A lightweight overhead ice sensing apparatus according to claim 3 wherein: the information transmission device comprises an information acquisition part (3) and an L-band amplifier (4).
5. A lightweight overhead ice sensing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the information transmission device also comprises a foam plastic shell (5) sleeved outside the information acquisition part (3) and the L-band amplifier (4).
6. A lightweight overhead ice sensing apparatus according to claim 1 wherein: the transmitting antenna (11) and the receiving antenna (12) are both metal sheets, the icing detection device (1) further comprises a metal shell (13) sleeved outside the transmitting antenna (11) and the receiving antenna (12), and through holes are formed in the metal shell (13).
7. An ice measuring method of a light-weight high-altitude ice measuring sensing device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the carrying device carries the icing detection device (1) and the temperature and humidity sensor (2) and moves to an environment to be detected;
s2: the icing detection device (1) and the temperature and humidity sensor (2) are started and used for detecting the environment to be detected, and the information transmission device sends information generated by the icing detection device and the temperature and humidity sensor to the central control unit;
s3: the central control unit receives information of the icing detection device (1) and the temperature and humidity sensor (2), compares the information with comparison conditions preset in the central control unit, and judges whether to send an icing signal according to a comparison result.
8. A method of ice gauging for a lightweight overhead ice gauging sensing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the comparison conditions preset in the central control unit comprise:
a1: dielectric constant: 80 < epsilon < 100;
a2: temperature: t is less than 0.1 ℃;
and when the central control unit judges that the conditions a1 and a2 are both satisfied, the central control unit sends an icing signal.
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| CN202110942232.9A CN115903057A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Light-weight type high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment and ice measurement method thereof |
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| CN202110942232.9A CN115903057A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Light-weight type high-altitude ice measurement sensing equipment and ice measurement method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20230911 Address after: Room 1201, 12th Floor, Building 3, Xincheng Science and Technology Park, No. 588 Yuelu West Avenue, High tech Development Zone, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410205 Applicant after: HUNAN GUOTIAN ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 100000 Room 401, unit 5, building 81, yard 11, anningzhuang Road, Haidian District, Beijing Applicant before: Huang Bing |
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