CN115900304A - Grain killing and drying equipment and method - Google Patents
Grain killing and drying equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115900304A CN115900304A CN202211719005.0A CN202211719005A CN115900304A CN 115900304 A CN115900304 A CN 115900304A CN 202211719005 A CN202211719005 A CN 202211719005A CN 115900304 A CN115900304 A CN 115900304A
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grain killing and drying device and method, wherein the device comprises a drying chamber, a combustion chamber, a first fan and a killing device, a first convection pipeline and a second convection pipeline are respectively arranged on two sides of the drying chamber, a material lifting and circulating device is arranged on the drying chamber, one side of the combustion chamber is communicated with air, the other side of the combustion chamber is communicated with the first convection pipeline, one side of the first fan is communicated with the second convection pipeline, the other side of the first fan is communicated with the air, the killing device comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected with the second convection pipeline, the air outlet is connected with the first convection pipeline, the killing device is internally provided with the second fan, a pulse plasma discharge component and a pulse discharge plasma power supply, and the pulse discharge plasma power supply is electrically connected with the pulse plasma discharge component. The invention can thoroughly solve the defects of the existing killing method, completely kill the seeds without causing any damage, and has simple equipment working flow, convenient operation and strong controllability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain processing devices, in particular to a grain killing and drying device and method.
Background
At present, seeds are stored when the seeds are exposed to the sun or dried by a low-temperature dryer to reach required moisture, so that the seeds cannot be wet, rotted and deteriorated, but some pathogenic bacteria, microorganisms and the like are attached to the surfaces of grains in the storage process, the pathogenic bacteria are not easily killed comprehensively by normal drying, and the quality of the seeds is greatly influenced due to the deterioration and mildewing of the pathogenic bacteria, so that the problems of low germination rate, low yield and the like are caused. Therefore, conventional sterilization treatments are required before the seeds are stored or sown.
The seed killing commonly used at present comprises: 1. the physical killing method mainly utilizes the measures of heating power, freezing, drying, electromagnetic wave, ultrasonic wave, microwave and the like to inhibit, passivate or kill pathogens, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and treating diseases; sunlight exposure is only suitable for flower seeds which are not easy to lose germination rate under sunlight exposure; soaking seeds in warm soup, wherein the water temperature is about 40-45 ℃ generally, the seeds are soaked for 1 day, the method is only suitable for black pine, platycladus orientalis, chinese arborvitae, chinese pine, larch and the like, the hot water temperature and the seed soaking time are strictly controlled in the process of soaking the seeds in the warm soup, and the seeds are not scalded while pathogenic bacteria are killed. 2. Chemical killing method, the chemical agents used for seed soaking treatment at present include hydrargyrum cyanomethyl, hydrargyrum methoxyethyl acetate, formalin, potassium permanganate, carbendazim, thiram, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, and sterile; the seed soaking by the medicament can treat seeds, corms, root systems and the like of flowers and trees, the seeds can be sown after being stored in a sealed warehouse or room for 24 hours after being soaked, and the seeds need to be dried after being soaked; meanwhile, the dosage, water quantity and the proportion of the seed quantity of the seed soaking and disinfecting are strictly controlled, and the concentration of the liquid medicine cannot be randomly changed so as to avoid influencing the germination condition of the seeds or reducing the disease prevention effect; because the concentration of the used medicament is high, the medicament has great harm to human bodies and is easy to cause human poisoning, and therefore, in the specific operation process, the medication safety needs to be paid attention to. 3. The biological disinfection method, biological control is applied to seed treatment and includes utilizing beneficial microorganisms, rhizosphere bacteria promoting plant growth, and biological agents with control effect on plant diseases are used as seed soaking, seed dressing or microorganism coating agents, for example, common useful microorganisms for seed dressing include bacillus subtilis, pythium oligandrum, trichoderma harzianum and the like.
The said method is separated from seed drying, and has complicated seed killing process and poor seed killing effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a grain drying equipment that kills, includes drying chamber, combustion chamber, first fan and the device that kills, the both sides of drying chamber are equipped with first convection current pipeline and second convection current pipeline respectively, be equipped with material lifting circulation device on the drying chamber, one side and the air intercommunication of combustion chamber, the opposite side of combustion chamber with first convection current pipeline intercommunication, one side of first fan with second convection current pipeline intercommunication, the opposite side of first fan with the air intercommunication, the device that kills includes air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet with second convection current pipeline is connected, the gas outlet with first convection current pipeline is connected, it is provided with second fan, pulse plasma discharge subassembly and pulse discharge plasma power supply in the device to kill, pulse discharge plasma power supply with pulse plasma discharge subassembly electricity is connected.
The invention is further provided with a controller which is respectively and electrically connected with the first fan, the second fan, the combustion chamber, the pulse discharge plasma power supply and the material lifting circulation device.
The invention is further provided that a first valve switch is arranged between the combustion chamber and the first convection pipeline, a second valve switch is arranged between the first fan and the second convection pipeline, a third valve switch is arranged between the air inlet and the second convection pipeline, a fourth valve switch is arranged between the air outlet and the first convection pipeline, and the controller is respectively electrically connected with the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch.
The invention is further provided with a filtering area, a reaction area and an electric area in the killing device, wherein a filtering layer is arranged in the filtering area, the filtering layer is arranged close to the air inlet, the second fan is arranged on one side of the filtering layer far away from the air inlet, the pulse plasma discharging component is arranged in the reaction area, the inlet of the reaction area is communicated with the filtering area, the outlet of the reaction area is communicated with the air outlet, the pulse discharge plasma power supply is arranged in the electric area, and the electric area is independent of the filtering area and the reaction area.
The invention is further configured that the pulse plasma discharging assembly comprises a grounding rack and a discharging electrode wire, the grounding rack comprises a fixing plate, a fixing bracket and a grounding electrode tube, the fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of the killing device, the grounding electrode tube array is arranged between the fixing plates, the fixing bracket is connected to the fixing plate and is positioned at two ends of the grounding electrode tube, the grounding electrode tube is a hollow tube body, the discharging electrode wire is arranged in the grounding electrode tube, two ends of the discharging electrode wire are respectively connected to the fixing bracket, and the discharging electrode wire is electrically connected with the output end of the power supply module.
The discharge electrode wire is further provided with a discharge electrode wire body, discharge sheets sleeved on the discharge electrode wire body, cylindrical clamping barrels arranged between the discharge sheets and conical clamping barrels arranged at two ends of the discharge electrode wire body, raised discharge parts are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the discharge sheets, positioning grooves and positioning blocks are arranged on the peripheries of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of each cylindrical clamping barrel and the periphery of the end surface, close to the discharge sheets, of each conical clamping barrel, the positioning grooves and the positioning blocks on the upper end surface of each cylindrical clamping barrel are arranged in a staggered mode with the positioning grooves and the positioning blocks on the lower end surface of the same cylindrical clamping barrel, the discharge parts are limited between the positioning grooves and the positioning blocks adjacent to the discharge parts, the discharge parts protrude out of the surfaces of the cylindrical clamping barrels and the surfaces of the conical clamping barrels, and the discharge parts adjacent to the discharge sheets are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction of the discharge electrode wire body.
The invention is further provided with an oxidizing substance detection instrument arranged in the drying chamber or the first convection pipeline, and the oxidizing substance detection instrument is electrically connected with the controller.
The invention is further provided with a temperature instrument and a pressure instrument which are respectively and electrically connected with the controller, wherein the drying chamber or the first convection pipeline is internally provided with the temperature instrument and the pressure instrument.
The invention is further provided that the first fan and the second fan are both axial fans.
A grain disinfection and drying method adopts the grain disinfection and drying equipment, and comprises the following steps:
in the ozone sterilization mode, the controller closes the first valve switch and the second valve switch and opens the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch, and the controller controls the second fan and the material lifting and circulating device to work so as to enable air in the equipment to circulate internally and grains in the equipment to circulate longitudinally; the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to operate in a first power interval, gas in the drying chamber enters an air inlet of the killing device from the second convection pipeline, the gas enters a reaction area after being filtered by the filter layer, a discharge end of the discharge electrode wire discharges the gas to generate ozone, the gas rich in the ozone is discharged from the first convection pipeline, and grains which are circulating longitudinally are killed; the oxidizing substance detection instrument monitors the ozone concentration of the gas in the equipment, and the controller adjusts the output power of the pulse discharge plasma power supply according to the ozone concentration information fed back by the oxidizing substance detection instrument, so that the ozone concentration of the gas in the equipment is at a preset killing threshold value; after killing is finished, the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to operate in a second power interval, and the discharge end of a discharge electrode wire decomposes ozone gas passing through a reaction zone until an oxidizing substance detection instrument monitors that the ozone concentration of gas in the equipment is lower than a preset finishing threshold;
in the drying mode, the controller closes the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch and opens the first valve switch and the second valve switch, and the controller controls the first fan and the material lifting and circulating device to work so as to lead the air in the equipment to carry out external circulation and the grains in the equipment to carry out longitudinal circulation; the controller controls the combustion chamber to work, external air is heated by the combustion chamber and flows to the drying chamber from the first convection pipeline, the heated air is fully contacted with grains, moisture in the grains is taken away, and the heated air is discharged to the external air from the second convection pipeline; the temperature instrument monitors the air temperature of the gas in the equipment, and the controller adjusts the heating degree of the combustion chamber according to the air temperature information fed back by the temperature instrument so that the air temperature of the gas in the equipment is at a preset temperature threshold value; the pressure instrument monitors the pressure of gas in the equipment, and the controller carries out pipeline blockage prompting and shutdown according to gas pressure information fed back by the pressure instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the grain sterilizing and drying equipment combines the pulse discharge sterilizing and killing device with the dryer, and the grain seeds are used for selectively opening the corresponding valve switches in the lifting circulation process to carry out outer circulation drying and inner circulation sterilizing and killing, so that the defects of the existing sterilizing and killing method can be thoroughly overcome, the seeds are completely sterilized and killed without any damage, the working flow of the equipment is simple, the operation is convenient, and the controllability is strong.
The principle of the killing device of the invention is as follows: the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to output high power, discharge polar corona discharge of the reaction zone generates a strong electric field area, so that a large number of high-energy electrons, free radicals, free radical derived oxidizing substances and other active particles are generated in the reaction zone, wherein oxygen radicals act on pathogenic bacteria of seeds to lead the pathogenic bacteria to lose vitality, and when the pathogenic bacteria enter the strong electric field area of the reaction module, the action of killing bacteria and mould microorganisms can also be achieved, and the oxygen radicals firstly act on cell membranes to damage the structures of the cell membranes, so that metabolic disturbance is caused and the growth of the cell membranes is inhibited, and the oxygen radicals continuously permeate and damage lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide in the membranes, so that the cell permeability is changed, and cells are dissolved and killed. When the ozone concentration in the drying chamber needs to be reduced when external circulation is needed after killing for a period of time, the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to output low power, and the discharge electrode wire of the reaction area can decompose the ozone passing through the reaction area, so that the ozone concentration in the gas is quickly reduced. The sterilizing device has the characteristics of stable discharge, high strength, uniform discharge, good sterilizing effect and the like, and can be perfectly matched with grain drying equipment.
The invention discloses a grain sterilizing and drying method which is controlled automatically in the whole process, wherein a first fan, a second fan, a material lifting and circulating device, an oxidizing substance detection instrument, a temperature instrument and a pressure instrument are integrated on equipment, and power and voltage output of a power supply are correspondingly adjusted along with the real-time fluctuation of circulating gas by acquiring feedback signals in real time and carrying out integrated control. By means of the key technology of matching the pulse discharge plasma power supply and the pulse plasma discharge body, the grain sterilizing and drying device can realize high-power and low-power matching operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a grain sterilizing and drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the food sterilizing and drying apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inside of the killing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary pulsed plasma discharge assembly.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a discharge electrode line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a partial exploded view of a discharge electrode line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of discharge electrodes discharging gas flowing through according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional discharge diagram of a discharge electrode line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic gas flow diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an electrical control schematic diagram of the grain sterilizing and drying apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, integrally connected, or detachably connected; mechanical connection or electrical connection can be realized, and communication between the two elements can also be realized; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1 to 10, the technical scheme of the invention is that a grain killing and drying device comprises a drying chamber 1, a combustion chamber 2, a first fan 3 and a killing device 4, wherein a first convection pipeline 11 and a second convection pipeline 12 are respectively arranged on two sides of the drying chamber 1, a material lifting and circulating device 9 is arranged on the drying chamber 1, one side of the combustion chamber 2 is communicated with air, the other side of the combustion chamber 2 is communicated with the first convection pipeline 11, one side of the first fan 3 is communicated with the second convection pipeline 12, the other side of the first fan 3 is communicated with the air, the killing device 4 comprises an air inlet 41 and an air outlet 42, the air inlet 41 is connected with the second convection pipeline 12, the air outlet 42 is connected with the first convection pipeline 11, a second fan 5, a pulse plasma discharge component 6 and a pulse discharge plasma power source 7 are arranged in the killing device 4, and the pulse discharge plasma power source 7 is electrically connected with the pulse plasma discharge component 6.
In the above embodiment, the drying chamber 1 stores grains or other seeds, the material lifting and circulating device 9 lifts the grains in the drying chamber 1 to a high position and falls freely, so that the grains can be lifted and circulated continuously, and the first convection pipe 11 and the second convection pipe 12 are respectively arranged at two sides of the drying chamber 1, so that the gas discharged from the first convection pipe 11 can fully dry or kill the free-falling grains.
In the above embodiment, the first fan 3 is a power source for drying grains; the second fan 5 is a power source for killing grains.
In the above embodiment, the pulsed discharge plasma power supply 7 can output different powers to the pulsed plasma discharge assembly 6, and the pulsed discharge plasma power supply 7 has a stepless regulation function; when the pulse discharge plasma power supply 7 outputs high power, the pulse plasma discharge component 6 can generate a high-intensity electric field, so that a large amount of high-energy electrons, free radicals, free radical-derived oxidizing substances (ozone) and other active particles are generated in a reaction region; when the pulse discharge plasma power supply 7 outputs low power, the pulse plasma discharge device 6 decomposes ozone in the gas. The specific power range is not limited, and is related to the number of discharge electrode lines in the reaction region, the distance between discharge plates and other factors.
In this embodiment, the plasma material lifting and circulating device further comprises a controller 8, and the controller 8 is electrically connected with the first fan 3, the second fan 5, the combustion chamber 2, the pulsed discharge plasma power supply 7 and the material lifting and circulating device 9 respectively.
In the above embodiment, the controller 8 is configured to control the electrical operation in the apparatus, such as driving the first fan 3 and the second fan 5 to rotate, so that the combustion chamber 2 heats the air entering the combustion chamber, controlling the pulsed discharge plasma power supply 7 to output different powers, and so on. The controller 8 is a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), and in another embodiment, the automation control component 5 may also be a Microcontroller (MCU).
In this embodiment, a first valve switch 13 is disposed between the combustion chamber 2 and the first convection pipeline 11, a second valve switch 14 is disposed between the first fan 3 and the second convection pipeline 12, a third valve switch 15 is disposed between the air inlet 41 and the second convection pipeline 12, a fourth valve switch 16 is disposed between the air outlet 42 and the first convection pipeline 11, and the controller 8 is electrically connected to the first valve switch 13, the second valve switch 14, the third valve switch 15 and the fourth valve switch 16, respectively.
In the above embodiment, the opening and closing of the first valve switch 13, the second valve switch 14, the third valve switch 15 and the fourth valve switch 16 are controlled by the controller 8; when the first valve switch 13 and the second valve switch 14 are open and the third valve switch 15 and the fourth valve switch 16 are closed, the drying chamber of the apparatus is open to the outside, i.e. the drying phase of the external cycle is performed; when the third valve switch 15 and the fourth valve switch 16 are open and the first valve switch 13 and the second valve switch 14 are closed, the drying chamber of the apparatus is not connected to the outside, i.e. the sterilization phase of the internal circulation is performed.
In this embodiment, a filtering area 43, a reaction area 44 and an electrical area 45 are disposed in the killing apparatus 4, a filtering layer 46 is disposed in the filtering area 43, the filtering layer 46 is disposed near the air inlet 41, the second fan 5 is disposed on a side of the filtering layer 46 away from the air inlet 41, the pulsed plasma discharge assembly 6 is disposed in the reaction area 44, an inlet of the reaction area 44 is communicated with the filtering area 43, an outlet of the reaction area 44 is communicated with the air outlet 42, the pulsed plasma discharge power supply 7 is disposed in the electrical area 45, and the electrical area 45 is disposed independently of the filtering area 43 and the reaction area 44.
In the above embodiment, the gas entering the killing device 4 is filtered first, and then enters the reaction zone for reaction; the sterilizing device 4 has the characteristics of stable discharge, high strength, uniform discharge, good sterilizing effect and the like, and can perfectly fit with grain drying equipment.
In this embodiment, the pulsed plasma discharge assembly 6 includes a grounding frame 61 and a discharge electrode wire 62, the grounding frame 61 includes a fixing plate 611, a fixing bracket 612 and a grounding electrode tube 613, the fixing plate 611 is connected to the inner wall of the killing apparatus 4, the grounding electrode tube 613 is arranged between the fixing plates 611, the fixing bracket 612 is connected to the fixing plate 611 and located at two ends of the grounding electrode tube 613, the grounding electrode tube 613 is a hollow tube, the discharge electrode wire 62 is disposed in the grounding electrode tube 613, two ends of the discharge electrode wire 62 are respectively connected to the fixing bracket 612, and the discharge electrode wire 62 is electrically connected to the output end of the power module 7.
In the above embodiment, the fixing support 612 is used for the precise positioning of the discharge electrode line 62 in the grounding pole tube 613, and the two end through holes of each grounding pole tube 613 are the inlet and the outlet of the above reaction region 44.
In this embodiment, the discharge electrode wire 62 includes an electrode wire main body 621, discharge sheets 622 sleeved on the electrode wire main body 621, cylindrical card barrels 623 disposed between the discharge sheets 622, and conical card barrels 624 disposed at two ends of the electrode wire main body 621, wherein the periphery of the discharge sheets 622 is uniformly provided with convex discharge portions 6221, the peripheries of the upper and lower end faces of the cylindrical card barrels 623 are provided with positioning grooves 6231 and positioning blocks 6232, the peripheries of the conical card barrels 624 near the end faces of the discharge sheets 622 are provided with positioning grooves 6241 and positioning blocks 6242, the positioning grooves 6231 and the positioning blocks 6232 on the upper end faces of the cylindrical card barrels 623 are disposed in a staggered manner with respect to the positioning grooves 6231 and the positioning blocks 6232 on the lower end faces of the same cylindrical card barrels 623, the discharge portions 6221 are limited between the positioning grooves 621 adjacent to the discharge portions 6221, the discharge portions 6221 protrude from the surfaces of the cylindrical card barrels 623 and the conical card barrels 624, and the discharge portions 21 adjacent to the discharge sheets 622 are disposed in a staggered manner along the axial direction of the main body 621.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the discharge electrode wire 62 is completely positioned by the cylindrical clamping barrel 623 and the conical clamping barrel 624, the electrode wire is overall in a shuttle shape, only the discharge part 6221 protrudes out of the surface, the discharge electrode wire 62 is very convenient to assemble, maintain and replace, the cost is effectively reduced, the discharge sheet 622 is not prone to deformation, and the clamping barrel is arranged on the surface of the electrode wire main body 621 to form a frame structure of the electrode wire, so that the overall rigidity and the bending resistance of the discharge electrode wire are improved; and the resistance of the gas flow passing through the discharge electrode wire is small, the gas flow is smoothly conveyed, and the region through which the gas flow passes is almost a pulse plasma region, so that the reaction efficiency of the gas is improved.
In this embodiment, an oxidizing substance detecting instrument 17 is disposed in the drying chamber 1 or the first convection duct 11, and the oxidizing substance detecting instrument 17 is electrically connected to the controller 8; the oxidizing substance detecting instrument 17 monitors the ozone concentration of the gas in the device, and the controller adjusts the output power of the pulse discharge plasma power supply according to the ozone concentration information fed back by the oxidizing substance detecting instrument.
In this embodiment, a temperature meter 18 and a pressure meter 19 are disposed in the drying chamber 1 or the first convection pipe 11, and the temperature meter 18 and the pressure meter 19 are electrically connected to the controller 8, respectively; the temperature instrument 18 monitors the gas temperature inside the equipment, so that the external air is blown out of airflow with preset temperature for drying after passing through the combustion chamber 2; the pressure instrument 19 monitors the gas pressure in the equipment, and prevents the normal work of the equipment from being influenced by the blockage of an inlet and an outlet of the equipment.
In this embodiment, the first fan 3 and the second fan 5 are both axial fans, specifically, explosion-proof axial fans.
The grain killing and drying equipment combines the pulse discharge killing and drying device with the dryer, and utilizes the grain seeds to selectively open the corresponding valve switch in the process of lifting circulation to carry out external circulation drying and internal circulation killing, so that the defects of the existing killing and drying method can be thoroughly overcome, the killing and drying are complete, no damage is caused to the seeds, and the equipment has the advantages of simple working flow, convenient operation and strong controllability.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 1 to 10, the technical scheme of the invention is a method for sterilizing and drying grains, which adopts the grain sterilizing and drying equipment of the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
in the ozone sterilization mode, the controller closes the first valve switch and the second valve switch and opens the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch, and the controller controls the second fan and the material lifting and circulating device to work so as to enable air in the equipment to circulate internally and grains in the equipment to circulate longitudinally; the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to operate in a first power interval, gas in the drying chamber enters an air inlet of the killing device from the second convection pipeline, the gas enters a reaction area after being filtered by the filter layer, the discharge end of the discharge electrode wire discharges the gas to generate ozone, the gas rich in ozone is discharged from the first convection pipeline, and grains which are circulating longitudinally are killed; the oxidizing substance detection instrument monitors the ozone concentration of the gas in the equipment, and the controller adjusts the output power of the pulse discharge plasma power supply according to the ozone concentration information fed back by the oxidizing substance detection instrument so that the ozone concentration of the gas in the equipment is at a preset killing threshold; after killing is finished, the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to operate in a second power interval, and the discharge end of the discharge electrode wire decomposes ozone gas passing through the reaction zone until the ozone concentration of gas in the equipment monitored by the oxidizing substance detection instrument is lower than a preset finishing threshold;
in the drying mode, the controller closes the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch and opens the first valve switch and the second valve switch, and the controller controls the first fan and the material lifting and circulating device to work so as to lead the air in the equipment to carry out external circulation and the grains in the equipment to carry out longitudinal circulation; the controller controls the combustion chamber to work, external air is heated by the combustion chamber and flows to the drying chamber from the first convection pipeline, the heated air is fully contacted with grains, moisture in the grains is taken away, and the heated air is discharged to the external air from the second convection pipeline; the temperature instrument monitors the air temperature of the gas in the equipment, and the controller adjusts the heating degree of the combustion chamber according to the air temperature information fed back by the temperature instrument, so that the air temperature of the gas in the equipment is at a preset temperature threshold value; the pressure instrument monitors the pressure of gas in the equipment, and the controller carries out pipeline blockage prompting and shutdown according to gas pressure information fed back by the pressure instrument.
The principle of the killing device in the invention is as follows: the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to output high power, the discharge polar corona discharge of the reaction zone generates a strong electric field area, so that a large number of high-energy electrons, free radicals, free radical derived oxidizing substances (ozone) and other active particles are generated in the reaction zone, wherein oxygen radicals act on pathogenic bacteria of seeds to lead the pathogenic bacteria to lose vitality, when the pathogenic bacteria enter the strong electric field area of the reaction module, the killing effect can be achieved, the bacteria and mould microorganisms are killed, the oxygen radicals firstly act on cell membranes, the cell membranes are damaged, metabolic disturbance is caused, the growth of the cell membranes is inhibited, the oxygen radicals continuously permeate and damage lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide in the membranes, the cell permeability is changed, and cells are dissolved and killed. When the ozone concentration in the drying chamber needs to be reduced when external circulation is needed after killing for a period of time, the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to output low power, and the discharge electrode wire of the reaction area can decompose the ozone passing through the reaction area, so that the ozone concentration in the gas is quickly reduced. It is known that ozone is much more active than oxygen, and the bond energy of ozone is much lower than that of oxygen, so that it is more easily ionized, so that the power of power supply is reduced, and when the power is reduced to a level where it is not possible to ionize oxygen but can ionize ozone, the ozone is ionized and decomposed into oxygen, so as to attain the goal of eliminating ozone. The sterilizing device has the characteristics of stable discharge, high strength, uniform discharge, good sterilizing effect and the like, and can be perfectly matched with grain drying equipment.
The invention discloses a grain sterilizing and drying method which is controlled automatically in the whole process, wherein a first fan, a second fan, a material lifting and circulating device, an oxidizing substance detection instrument, a temperature instrument and a pressure instrument are integrated on equipment, and power and voltage output of a power supply are correspondingly adjusted along with the real-time fluctuation of circulating gas by acquiring feedback signals in real time and carrying out integrated control. By means of the key technology of matching the pulse discharge plasma power supply and the pulse plasma discharge body, the grain killing and drying device can realize high-low power matching operation, so that the rapid switching between the killing mode and the drying mode is realized.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments and the similar structural modes without creative design.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a grain drying equipment that kills, its characterized in that, includes drying chamber, combustion chamber, first fan and the device that kills, the both sides of drying chamber are equipped with first convection current pipeline and second convection current pipeline respectively, be equipped with material lifting circulation device on the drying chamber, one side and the air intercommunication of combustion chamber, the opposite side of combustion chamber with first convection current pipeline intercommunication, one side of first fan with second convection current pipeline intercommunication, the opposite side of first fan with the air intercommunication, the device that kills includes air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet with second convection current pipeline connects, the gas outlet with first convection current pipeline connects, be provided with second fan, pulse plasma discharge subassembly and pulse discharge plasma power supply in the device that kills, pulse discharge plasma power supply with pulse plasma discharge subassembly electricity is connected.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a controller electrically connected to the first fan, the second fan, the combustion chamber, the pulsed discharge plasma power source, and the material lifting and circulating device, respectively.
3. The grain killing and drying equipment of claim 2, wherein a first valve switch is arranged between the combustion chamber and the first convection pipeline, a second valve switch is arranged between the first fan and the second convection pipeline, a third valve switch is arranged between the air inlet and the second convection pipeline, a fourth valve switch is arranged between the air outlet and the first convection pipeline, and the controller is electrically connected with the first valve switch, the second valve switch, the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch respectively.
4. The grain killing and drying equipment according to claim 2, wherein a filtering area, a reaction area and an electrical area are arranged in the killing device, a filtering layer is arranged in the filtering area, the filtering layer is arranged close to the air inlet, the second fan is arranged on one side of the filtering layer far away from the air inlet, the pulse plasma discharge assembly is arranged in the reaction area, an inlet of the reaction area is communicated with the filtering area, an outlet of the reaction area is communicated with the air outlet, the pulse discharge plasma power supply is arranged in the electrical area, and the electrical area is independent of the filtering area and the reaction area.
5. The grain killing and drying equipment according to claim 4, wherein the pulse plasma discharging assembly comprises a grounding frame and a discharging electrode wire, the grounding frame comprises a fixing plate, a fixing bracket and a grounding electrode tube, the fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of the killing device, the grounding electrode tube array is arranged between the fixing plates, the fixing bracket is connected to the fixing plate and located at two ends of the grounding electrode tube, the grounding electrode tube is a hollow tube body, the discharging electrode wire is arranged in the grounding electrode tube, two ends of the discharging electrode wire are respectively connected to the fixing bracket, and the discharging electrode wire is electrically connected with the output end of the power supply module.
6. The grain killing and drying equipment according to claim 5, wherein the discharge electrode wire comprises an electrode wire main body, discharge sheets sleeved on the electrode wire main body, cylindrical clamping barrels arranged between the discharge sheets and conical clamping barrels arranged at two ends of the electrode wire main body, wherein raised discharge parts are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the discharge sheets, positioning grooves and positioning blocks are respectively arranged on the peripheries of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of each cylindrical clamping barrel and the peripheries of the end surfaces of the conical clamping barrels close to the discharge sheets, the positioning grooves and the positioning blocks on the upper end surface of each cylindrical clamping barrel are arranged in a staggered mode with the positioning grooves and the positioning blocks on the lower end surface of the same cylindrical clamping barrel, the discharge parts are limited between the positioning grooves and the positioning blocks adjacent to the discharge parts, the discharge parts are arranged on the surfaces of the cylindrical clamping barrels and the surfaces of the conical clamping barrels, and the projection parts adjacent to the discharge sheets are arranged in a staggered mode along the axial direction of the electrode wire main body.
7. The grain-disinfecting drying apparatus of claim 2, wherein an oxidizing substance detecting instrument is disposed in the drying chamber or the first convection pipe, and the oxidizing substance detecting instrument is electrically connected to the controller.
8. The grain killing and drying equipment of claim 2, wherein a temperature meter and a pressure meter are arranged in the drying chamber or the first convection pipeline, and the temperature meter and the pressure meter are respectively and electrically connected with the controller.
9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first and second fans are axial fans.
10. A method for sterilizing and drying grain, characterized in that the grain sterilizing and drying equipment of any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, comprising:
in the ozone sterilization mode, the controller closes the first valve switch and the second valve switch and opens the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch, and the controller controls the second fan and the material lifting and circulating device to work, so that the air in the equipment is circulated internally and the grains in the equipment are circulated longitudinally; the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to operate in a first power interval, gas in the drying chamber enters an air inlet of the killing device from the second convection pipeline, the gas enters a reaction area after being filtered by the filter layer, a discharge end of the discharge electrode wire discharges the gas to generate ozone, the gas rich in the ozone is discharged from the first convection pipeline, and grains which are circulating longitudinally are killed; the oxidizing substance detection instrument monitors the ozone concentration of the gas in the equipment, and the controller adjusts the output power of the pulse discharge plasma power supply according to the ozone concentration information fed back by the oxidizing substance detection instrument so that the ozone concentration of the gas in the equipment is at a preset killing threshold; after killing is finished, the controller controls the pulse discharge plasma power supply to operate in a second power interval, and the discharge end of a discharge electrode wire decomposes ozone gas passing through a reaction zone until an oxidizing substance detection instrument monitors that the ozone concentration of gas in the equipment is lower than a preset finishing threshold;
in the drying mode, the controller closes the third valve switch and the fourth valve switch and opens the first valve switch and the second valve switch, and the controller controls the first fan and the material lifting and circulating device to work so as to lead the air in the equipment to carry out external circulation and the grains in the equipment to carry out longitudinal circulation; the controller controls the combustion chamber to work, external air is heated by the combustion chamber and flows to the drying chamber from the first convection pipeline, the heated air is fully contacted with grains, moisture in the grains is taken away, and the heated air is discharged to the external air from the second convection pipeline; the temperature instrument monitors the air temperature of the gas in the equipment, and the controller adjusts the heating degree of the combustion chamber according to the air temperature information fed back by the temperature instrument so that the air temperature of the gas in the equipment is at a preset temperature threshold value; the pressure instrument monitors the pressure of gas in the equipment, and the controller carries out pipeline blockage prompting and shutdown according to gas pressure information fed back by the pressure instrument.
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| CN202211719005.0A CN115900304A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Grain killing and drying equipment and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211719005.0A CN115900304A (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Grain killing and drying equipment and method |
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