CN115895310A - Bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on micro-nano porous structure and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on micro-nano porous structure and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material engineering, and relates to a bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure, and a preparation method and application thereof. Firstly, the surface of the substrate is degreased and sandblasted, and thenPreparing a micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating on the surface of a matrix by using nano agglomerated ceramic powder as a spraying raw material by adopting a spraying method; and (3) carrying out lubricating oil filling infiltration treatment on the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating, and after the pores are fully filled, obliquely placing to obtain the bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure. The invention obtains the environment-friendly, long-acting and high-performance bionic ultra-smooth antifouling coating with a micro-nano dual-scale pore structure in a large area by a simple method, and the bionic ultra-smooth antifouling coating still has 118 after being dynamically soaked in artificial seawater for 60 days o Contact angle and 5.5 o Water drop sliding angle; after being soaked in artificial seawater for 30 days, the sticking rate of inhibiting escherichia coli reaches more than 90 percent; after the actual sea hanging plate is 6 months, no marine organism is attached to the surface of the actual sea hanging plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material engineering, and relates to a bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Marine biofouling refers to the phenomenon that microorganisms such as barnacles, mussels, seaweeds, bacteria, lima, oysters and the like and animals and plants are attached to the surface of underwater facilities and equipment. Marine biofouling is another key issue in addition to corrosion faced by ships, submarines, and marine equipment. Biofouling not only increases the surface roughness of the ship body, thereby obviously increasing navigation resistance and oil consumption, but also can cause blockage of underwater pipelines and failure of facilities and equipment, and obviously threatens the service efficiency, reliability and safety and durability of ship equipment. Therefore, the development of a green, long-acting and high-performance antifouling technology is a necessary choice for improving the service performance of ship equipment.
In response to the severe marine biofouling problem, the most common antifouling method used today is to apply organic self-polishing antifouling coatings loaded with a large amount of antifouling agent. The coating can achieve the purposes of killing fouling organisms and effectively preventing fouling through the release of the antifouling agent after contacting seawater. However, the release of large amounts of antifouling agents simultaneously poses serious marine environmental pollution problems, significantly affecting the growth of non-targeted organisms. Aiming at the environmental pollution problem of the traditional antifouling agent release type antifouling method, the ultra-smooth surface technology is one of the important directions for the development of the environment-friendly antifouling coating technology. Inspired by the fact that the surface Liquid phase water layer is locked by the rough Porous structure of the cage mouth of the nepenthes plant pitcher in Nature, insects can easily slide into the cage from the cage mouth to prey on the nepenthes, the imitation pitcher type Liquid phase filling Porous ultra-smooth SLIPS (t. S. Wong, s.h. Kang, s.k.y. Tang, e.j. Smythe, b.d. Hatton, a. Great, j. Aizenberg, bioinpired self-repaying slope 2011fare with compressed-stable nichity, nature (7365) (477) 443-447) system developed by the university Aizenberg task group of 2011 in 2011.2011 is a potentially effective marine antifouling method. The SLIPS system forms a thin layer of stable, continuous and super-smooth liquid-phase lubricating oil coating on the surface of the base phase through the capillary action of the solid-state base phase porous structure on the filled low-surface-energy lubricating liquid, so that fouling organisms are difficult to attach and easily slide off, and effective antifouling is realized. The bionic ultra-smooth SLIPS coating has great application potential in the field of marine antifouling due to environmental friendliness and excellent antifouling performance.
However, long-term stability is currently the biggest problem and challenge facing SLIPS antifouling systems. Research shows that in a marine service environment, the rapid loss of a lubricating oil film on the surface of the SLIPS under the shearing flow of external water flow is the main cause of antifouling failure of the SLIPS, and the micro-pore structure is the key factor for determining the antifouling long-acting property of the SLIPS system. Research shows that the nanoscale pore oil locking property is stronger, the shearing loss of lubricating oil can be effectively reduced, but the nanopore oil storage space is limited, and the loss of a lubricating oil film on the surface of SLIPS is difficult to effectively supplement in time; the micron-scale pores have large oil storage spaces, but have limited oil-locking capacity. Therefore, how to realize the collaborative design of the micro-nano dual-scale pore structure is a premise for constructing the long-acting stable SLIPS. However, most of the currently reported SLIPS systems are systems mainly with micron or nanometer single-scale pore structures, and long-acting antifouling is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that in the prior art, a lubricating oil film on the surface of SLIPS is quickly lost and lost under the shearing flow of external water flow, and long-acting antifouling is difficult to realize, the invention provides a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure, and a preparation method and application thereof. The bionic super-smooth antifouling coating with the advantages of environmental protection, long effect and high performance and having a micro-nano dual-scale pore structure is obtained in a large area by a simple method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating (bionic ultra-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating) based on a micro-nano porous structure comprises a micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating and lubricating oil filled in the micro-nano porous structure of the ceramic base phase coating, wherein the porosity of the micro-nano porous ceramic base phase coating is 10 to 50 percent, the micro pores in the micro-nano porous ceramic base phase coating account for 20 to 80 percent of the pores of the micro-nano porous structure, the size of the micro pores is 1 to 30 mu m, the size of the nano pores is 10 to 1000nm, and the thickness of the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating is 0.1 to 3mm.
Further, the preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Carrying out oil removal and sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix to obtain a matrix with a clean, oil-free and coarsened surface; then, preparing a micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating on the surface of the matrix by using nano agglomerated ceramic powder as a spraying raw material by adopting a spraying method;
(2) Carrying out lubricating oil filling infiltration treatment on the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating obtained in the step (1); and after the pores are fully filled, obliquely placing the coating, and removing the redundant lubricating oil film layer on the surface of the coating to obtain the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure.
Further, in the step (1), the substrate is a titanium alloy substrate, a stainless steel substrate, hull steel, low-carbon steel or a copper alloy and other common marine structural materials, the nano-agglomerated ceramic powder is any one or a combination of more of alumina, titanium oxide, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide or yttrium oxide, and the particle size of the nano-agglomerated ceramic powder is 15 to 150 μm.
Further, the nano-agglomerated ceramic powders may be combined in any combination manner, and the ratio of the nano-agglomerated ceramic powders in the combination manner is arbitrary.
Further, the spraying method in the step (1) is a thermal spraying method or a cold spraying method, wherein the thermal spraying method includes any one of atmospheric plasma spraying, flame spraying or supersonic flame spraying.
Further, the cold spraying method in the step (1) includes a high pressure cold spraying method or a low pressure cold spraying method.
Further, the lubricating oil in the step (2) is any one of perfluoropolyether oil, perfluorooil or polydimethylsiloxane silicone oil; the lubricating oil filling and impregnating treatment includes any one of a dipping method, a brush coating method and a spin coating method.
Further, the dipping method in the step (2) is to completely soak the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating in lubricating oil, and then perform low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment, wherein the pressure of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 3 to 1000Pa, and the time of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 1 to 24h until all pores of the porous structure ceramic base phase coating are filled.
Further, in the brush coating method in the step (2), a brush is used for dipping lubricating oil to brush the porous structure ceramic coating, then low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is carried out, the pressure of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 3-1000Pa, and the time of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 1-24h until all pores of the porous structure ceramic base phase coating are filled.
Further, in the step (2), the rotating speed of the spin coating method is 1000-3000 rpm, and the spin coating time is 1-10min.
Further, the angle of inclined placement in the step (2) is 30 to 90 degrees, the time of inclined placement is 0.5 to 10 hours, and the temperature of inclined placement is room temperature.
Further, the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure is applied to the field of marine organism fouling resistance.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention discloses a bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating, which is characterized in that a ceramic-based phase coating with a micro-nano dual-scale porous structure is prepared by a spraying method, and liquid-phase lubricating oil is filled into a pore structure of the coating, so that the bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating is constructed. The SLIPS system fills lubricating oil in the whole base phase porous structure through the capillary action of the solid base phase porous structure on the filled low-surface-energy lubricating liquid, and forms a thin layer of stable, continuous and super-smooth liquid-phase lubricating oil coating layer on the surface, so that fouling organisms are difficult to attach and easily slide off, and effective antifouling is realized.
2. Specifically, the preparation of the bionic ultra-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating is realized through a process which is simple and easy to realize large-area on-site preparation, and on one hand, the micron-scale macropores remarkably improve the oil storage capacity of a system, increase the oil storage capacity and quickly supplement the loss of a surface lubricating oil film; the nanoscale pores rely on large capillary pressure to effectively lock oil, the anti-shearing loss performance of lubricating oil in the structure is improved, and the shearing loss of the lubricating oil is effectively reduced, so that the source-opening throttling is realized, multiple measures are taken, and the integrated collaborative design of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting SLIPS antifouling coating is achieved. On the other hand, the invention provides the preparation of the ceramic-based phase coating by adopting the method of spraying the nano-agglomerated sintered ceramic particles, and the preparation method has the advantages of excellent mechanical property of the ceramic-based phase and high bonding strength (10 to 60MPa), and is favorable for further improving the service life and reliability of the antifouling coating.
3. In the prior art, a lotus leaf-imitated super-hydrophobic surface coating captures an air layer by means of a surface micro-nano structure, so that water drops are difficult to pin on the surface and are hydrophobic. However, the micro-nano structure and the air layer of the super-hydrophobic surface have poor stability, and are easily damaged under the action of external high pressure, high temperature or external mechanical load, so that the super-hydrophobic function is lost; however, the simulated pig-cage-grass type liquid-phase filled porous ultra-smooth SLIPS system prepared by the invention is essentially different from the existing system. The bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention realizes that even if the surface lubricating oil film is lost, the lubricating oil in the porous base phase can be continuously supplemented to the surface, and the technical effects of sufficient surface lubricating oil film and long-acting antifouling are ensured.
4. The performance test of the bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention is as follows: firstly, the bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention is tested to test the sliding condition of water drops at a small-angle inclination angle of 8 degrees, and researches show that: at an inclination angle of 8 degrees, water drops can slide on the surface of the whole coating within 3.1s, which shows that the water drops have excellent sliding performance on the surface of the bionic super-slip SLIPS antifouling coating and meet the performance requirement of the bionic super-slip surface. Secondly, the surface wettability and the ultra-lubricity evolution condition of the bionic ultra-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention in the long-term dynamic soaking process in artificial seawater are tested, and researches show that: the coating still has 118 after being dynamically soaked in artificial seawater for 60 days o Contact angle of (2) and 5.5 o The sliding angle of the water drop indicates the bionicsThe ultra-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating has excellent long-term stability. Thirdly, the attachment inhibition performance of the bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention on escherichia coli in a long-term soaking process is tested, and researches show that: after the bionic ultra-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating is soaked in artificial seawater for 30 days, the adhesion rate of inhibiting escherichia coli reaches over 90 percent, and the excellent long-acting antifouling performance is shown. Finally, the bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention is tested to carry out a real sea hanging plate test to verify the long-acting antifouling performance of the coating in the actual marine service environment, and researches show that: after the actual sea hanging plate is used for 6 months, no marine organism is attached to the surface of the coating, and the excellent long-acting antifouling performance is shown. Therefore, the bionic super-smooth SLIPS antifouling coating prepared by the invention has wide application prospect in the field of marine antifouling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a micro-nano porous structure alumina-based phase ceramic coating prepared by plasma spraying in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the sliding performance of water drops on the surface of the bionic super-smooth anti-fouling coating which is prepared in embodiment 1 of the invention and is based on the micro-nano porous structure filled with lubricating oil (inclination angle 8) o ）。
Fig. 3 shows the surface wettability and ultra-lubricity evolution behavior of the bionic ultra-smooth anti-fouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure filled lubricating oil in the artificial seawater dynamic soaking process, which is prepared in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a picture of long-acting inhibition attachment of the bionic super-smooth anti-fouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure filled with the lubricating oil to escherichia coli, which is prepared in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of taking nano agglomerated alumina powder with the particle size range of 15-45 mu m as raw material powder, and preparing the micro-nano porous structure alumina-based phase ceramic coating on the surface of a titanium alloy matrix by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying method. The specific spraying parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 25kW, the spraying distance is 100mm, the powder feeding amount is 30g/min, the coating thickness is 300 mu m, the coating porosity is 20vol.%, and the bonding strength of the micro-nano porous structure alumina-based phase ceramic coating is tested by a stretching method and is 20MPa.
Fig. 1 is a picture of a cross-sectional structure of the micro-nano porous structure alumina-based phase ceramic coating prepared by plasma spraying according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that micrometer-scale pores and nanometer-scale pores are uniformly distributed in the coating, the micrometer-scale pores are 1 to 30 μm in size, the nanometer-scale pores are 10 to 1000nm in size, the micrometer-scale pores are from incomplete wetting filling of spray particles, and the nanometer-scale pores are from pores among nanometer-scale particles which are remained in the coating due to insufficient melting of nanometer agglomerated alumina particles.
(2) Vacuum impregnation of silicone oil into the micro-nano porous structure alumina-based phase ceramic coating is carried out, and specifically, the impregnation conditions are as follows: and completely immersing the porous coating into polydimethylsiloxane silicone oil by adopting an immersion method, wherein the vacuum immersion pressure is 10Pa, the immersion time is 2h, taking out the coating after vacuum infiltration, and inclining for 30 degrees and 1h to remove the redundant lubricating oil film layer on the surface of the coating, so that the bionic super-slip long-acting antifouling coating can be obtained.
Application example 1
The performance of the bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure in the aspect of marine organism fouling resistance is measured as follows:
FIG. 2 shows the sliding condition of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure prepared in example 1 under the condition of small-angle inclination. As shown in fig. 2, at 8 o The water drop can slide on the surface of the whole coating within 3.1s at the inclination angle, which shows that the water drop has excellent sliding performance on the bionic super-smooth SLIPS surface prepared by the embodiment and meets the performance requirement of the bionic super-smooth surface.
Fig. 3 shows the surface wettability and the ultra-lubricity evolution of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure prepared in example 1 in the long-term dynamic immersion process in artificial seawater. As shown in fig. 3, it can be seen that, in the process of soaking for 60 days, the water drop contact angle and the sliding angle of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure prepared in the embodiment are basically maintained stable, and after soaking for 60 days, the coating still has 118 o Contact angle of (2) and 5.5 o The sliding angle of the water drops shows that the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure prepared by the embodiment has excellent long-acting stability.
Fig. 4 shows the adhesion inhibition performance of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure on escherichia coli in the long-term soaking process, which is prepared in example 1. As shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that after being soaked in artificial seawater for 30 days, the surfaces of the SLIPS coatings prepared in this example still show a very small amount of bacterial adhesion, and the inhibition rate of bacterial adhesion reaches over 90%, indicating that they have excellent long-lasting antifouling performance.
The result of the sea hanging plate test verification of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure prepared in the embodiment 1 in the actual marine service environment shows that after 6 months of hanging plate, no marine organism adhesion still occurs on the surface of the coating, and the excellent long-acting antifouling performance is shown.
Example 2
A preparation method of a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of preparing a micro-nano porous structure alumina + titanium oxide matrix ceramic coating on the surface of a stainless steel matrix by using nano agglomerated alumina + titanium oxide composite ceramic powder with the particle size ranging from 15 to 45 mu m as a raw material and adopting a supersonic flame spraying method. The spraying parameters of the matrix are as follows: the spraying power is 30kW, the spraying distance is 350mm, the powder feeding rate is 70g/min, the thickness of the coating is 350 mu m, the porosity of the coating is 25vol.%, and the bonding strength of the micro-nano porous structure alumina and titanium oxide based phase ceramic coating is tested by a stretching method and is 30MPa.
(2) Then, adopting perfluoropolyether lubricating oil to fill and infiltrate lubricating oil into the yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide base phase ceramic coating with the micro-nano porous structure by a spin coating method, wherein the spin coating speed is 2000rpm, and the spin coating is carried out for 10min until all pores are uniformly and fully filled with the lubricating oil; finally, the coating is tilted 40 o And removing the redundant lubricating oil film layer on the surface of the coating for 10 hours to obtain the bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating.
Application example 2
The performance of the bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure in the aspect of marine organism fouling resistance is measured as follows:
the bionic long-acting antifouling coating prepared in example 2 is subjected to a long-term immersion test in artificial seawater, and the result shows that the water drop contact angle of the coating is only 115 days after immersion o Down to 112 o The sliding angle of water drop is 2 o Increased to 4 o Thus indicating the long-term stability of the super-lubricity performance.
The biomimetic long-acting coating prepared in example 2 was subjected to a long-term seaweed attachment test. The result shows that the adhesion inhibition rates of the algae after being dynamically soaked for 90 days are 85 percent and 87 percent respectively, which shows that the algae has excellent long-acting antifouling performance.
Example 3
A preparation method of a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure comprises the following steps:
(1) Nanometer agglomerated yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide powder with the particle size range of 40-75 mu m are used as raw materials, and a micro-nano porous structure yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide base phase ceramic coating is prepared on the surface of a stainless steel matrix by a cold spraying method. The spraying parameters are as follows: the working gas is nitrogen, the gas temperature is 500 ℃, the gas pressure is 3MPa, the powder feeding rate is 70g/min, the spraying distance is 300mm, the coating thickness is 1mm, the porosity of the coating is 30vol.%, and the bonding strength of the micro-nano porous structure yttrium oxide + zirconium oxide-based phase ceramic coating is tested by a stretching method and is 35MPa.
(2) Then, filling pores in the yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide based phase ceramic coating with the micro-nano porous structure by using Krytox perfluorooil, specifically, completely immersing the porous coating into the Krytox perfluorooil by an immersion method, and performing vacuum infiltration for 2 hours under the vacuum pressure of 50 Pa; finally, the sample is removed from the lubricating oil, inclined 60 o And (5) treating for 3 hours, and obtaining the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting SLIPS antifouling coating after removing the redundant lubricating oil film on the surface.
Application example 3
The performance of the bionic super-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure in the aspect of marine organism fouling resistance is measured as follows:
the bionic long-acting antifouling coating prepared in example 3 is subjected to a long-term immersion test in artificial seawater, and the result shows that the water drop contact angle and the sliding angle of the bionic ultra-smooth SLIPS coating prepared in example 3 respectively reach 110 o And 3 o The coating has excellent super-lubricity. The long-term stability of the lubricating oil in the bionic super-smooth SLIPS coating prepared by the embodiment is tested by a method for testing the quality evolution of the lubricating oil in the long-term soaking process of the coating in artificial seawater. The results show that the loss of the lubricating oil in the bionic super-smooth antifouling coating prepared by the embodiment is 5% and 8% respectively after the bionic super-smooth antifouling coating is dynamically soaked for 30 days and 60 days, and the coating has excellent long-term stability of the lubricating oil.
The long-acting antifouling stability of the bionic super-smooth antifouling coating prepared in example 3 is tested by a real sea hanging plate test, and the result shows that the marine organism adhesion rate on the surface of the coating is only 10% after the coating is soaked in real sea for 9 months, which indicates that the coating has excellent long-acting antifouling performance.
Example 4
A preparation method of a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of taking nano agglomerated chromium oxide powder with the particle size ranging from 45 to 100 micrometers as raw material powder, and preparing a micro-nano porous structure chromium oxide-based phase ceramic coating on the surface of a titanium alloy matrix by adopting an atmospheric plasma spraying method. The specific spraying parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 28 kW, the spraying distance is 200 mm, the powder feeding amount is 50g/min, the coating thickness is 300 mu m, and the porosity of the coating is 15vol.%.
(2) And (2) impregnating silicone oil into the micro-nano porous structure chromium oxide base phase ceramic coating in a vacuum manner, specifically, brushing the micro-nano porous structure chromium oxide base phase ceramic coating by using a brush to dip lubricating oil, then carrying out low-pressure vacuum impregnation treatment, wherein the vacuum impregnation pressure is 10Pa, the impregnation time is 24h, taking out the coating after vacuum impregnation, and inclining for 90 degrees and 0.5h to remove redundant lubricating oil film layers on the surface of the coating, thereby obtaining the bionic super-slip long-acting antifouling coating.
Example 5
A preparation method of a bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of taking nano agglomerated zirconia powder with the particle size range of 75-100 mu m as raw material powder, and preparing a micro-nano porous structure zirconia-based phase ceramic coating on the surface of a titanium alloy matrix by adopting a flame spraying method. The specific spraying parameters are as follows: the spraying power is 25kW, the spraying distance is 250mm, the powder feeding amount is 40 g/min, the coating thickness is 300 mu m, and the coating porosity is 25vol.%.
(2) Vacuum impregnation of silicone oil into the zirconium oxide-based phase ceramic coating with the micro-nano porous structure is carried out, and specifically, the impregnation conditions are as follows: and (2) completely immersing the zirconium oxide-based phase ceramic coating with the micro-nano porous structure into polydimethylsiloxane silicone oil by adopting an immersion method, wherein the vacuum immersion pressure is 1000Pa, the infiltration time is 1h, taking out the coating after vacuum infiltration, and inclining for 60 degrees and 10h to remove the redundant lubricating oil film layer on the surface of the coating, so that the bionic super-slip long-acting antifouling coating can be obtained.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A bionic super-slip long-acting antifouling coating based on a micro-nano porous structure is characterized in that: the coating comprises a micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating and lubricating oil filled in a micro-nano porous structure of the ceramic base phase coating, wherein the porosity of the micro-nano porous ceramic base phase coating is 10 to 50 percent by volume, the micro pores in the micro-nano porous ceramic base phase coating account for 20 to 80 percent of the pores of the micro-nano porous structure, the micro pore size is 1 to 30 mu m, the nano pore size is 10 to 1000nm, and the thickness of the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating is 0.1 to 3mm.
2. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure, disclosed by claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Carrying out oil removal and sand blasting treatment on the surface of the matrix to obtain a matrix with a clean, oil-free and coarsened surface; then, preparing a micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating on the surface of the matrix by using nano agglomerated ceramic powder as a spraying raw material by adopting a spraying method;
(2) Performing lubricating oil filling infiltration treatment on the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating obtained in the step (1); and after the pores are fully filled, obliquely placing, and removing the redundant lubricating oil film layer on the surface of the coating to obtain the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure.
3. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step (1), the matrix is any one of a titanium alloy matrix, a stainless steel matrix, ship steel, low-carbon steel or a copper alloy, the nano-agglomerated ceramic powder is any one or combination of more of alumina, titanium oxide, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide or yttrium oxide, and the particle size of the nano-agglomerated ceramic powder is 15-150 mu m.
4. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to the claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that: the spraying method in the step (1) is a thermal spraying method or a cold spraying method, wherein the thermal spraying method comprises any one of atmospheric plasma spraying, flame spraying or supersonic flame spraying.
5. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the cold spraying method in the step (1) comprises a high-pressure cold spraying method or a low-pressure cold spraying method.
6. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the lubricating oil in the step (2) is any one of perfluoropolyether oil, perfluorooil or polydimethylsiloxane silicone oil; the lubricating oil filling and impregnating treatment includes any one of a dipping method, a brush coating method and a spin coating method.
7. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to claim 6, wherein the dipping method in the step (2) is as follows: completely soaking the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating in lubricating oil, and then carrying out low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment, wherein the pressure of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 3 to 1000Pa, and the time of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 1 to 24h until all pores of the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating are filled.
8. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the step (2), the brush coating method comprises the steps of dipping lubricating oil into a brush to brush the porous structure ceramic coating, and then carrying out low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment, wherein the pressure of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 3 to 1000Pa, and the time of the low-pressure vacuum infiltration treatment is 1 to 24h until all pores of the micro-nano porous structure ceramic base phase coating are filled; the rotating speed of the spin coating method is 1000 to 3000rpm, and the spin coating time of the spin coating method is 1 to 10min.
9. The preparation method of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure according to any one of claims 2 to 3 or 5 to 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the angle of the inclined placement in the step (2) is 30-90 degrees, the time of the inclined placement is 0.5-10h, and the temperature of the inclined placement is room temperature.
10. The application of the bionic ultra-smooth long-acting antifouling coating based on the micro-nano porous structure in the field of marine biofouling resistance according to claim 1.
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| CN109453966A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-12 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of the liquid autocrine superslide coating and preparation method of long-lasting protection |
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| CN107761039A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of method that the super lubricated surface of imitative common nepenthes is prepared using flame spray technique |
| CN109453966A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-12 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of the liquid autocrine superslide coating and preparation method of long-lasting protection |
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