CN115893654A - Device and method for realizing deep denitrification of municipal sewage in PDA-MBBR (personal digital assistant-moving bed biofilm reactor) by utilizing residual sludge fermentation supernatant - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing deep denitrification of municipal sewage in PDA-MBBR (personal digital assistant-moving bed biofilm reactor) by utilizing residual sludge fermentation supernatant Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
A device and a method for realizing deep denitrification of urban sewage in PDA-MBBR by utilizing excess sludge fermentation supernatant belong to the technical field of sewage treatment by an activated sludge process. The deep removal of nitrate nitrogen in the effluent of the secondary treatment of urban sewage is a great demand of the current urban sewage treatment plants. Mixing the effluent of the secondary treatment and sludge fermentation supernatant rich in ammonia nitrogen and small molecular organic matters, and allowing the mixture to enter PDA-MBBR for tertiary treatment, wherein the small molecular organic matters are used as high-quality electron donors to drive short-range denitrification to reduce nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen, and the nitrite nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen participate in anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to realize removal. The PDA-MBBR is added with a biofilm carrier, the running mode of a pure biofilm provides conditions for the enrichment and the retention of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, and simultaneously ensures that the sewage after deep denitrification does not need to be precipitated again or separated from mud and water. The technology provides a novel efficient, economic and environment-friendly scheme for deep denitrification of the urban sewage three-level treatment.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a device and a method for realizing deep denitrification of urban sewage in PDA-MBBR (personal digital assistant-MBBR) by utilizing residual sludge fermentation supernatant, belonging to the field of biological sewage treatment. The method is suitable for the tertiary treatment of the urban sewage treatment plant to realize the efficient, economic and environment-friendly deep denitrification.
Background art:
the biological denitrification of the urban sewage is the most economic and effective way for solving the eutrophication of the water body of the slow-flow water body and keeping the aquatic ecosystem healthy at present. At present, most of urban sewage treatment plants in China adopt the traditional nitrification-denitrification process, wherein the AAO, oxidation ditch, CAST and other processes are the most common. However, with the increasing demand for water environment protection and the stricter pollutant discharge standards of urban sewage treatment plants, most of the sewage treatment plants in China face the challenge that the quality of the effluent water does not reach the standard. The problems are caused in various aspects, wherein the core is that the COD/N ratio in urban sewage in China is low, namely, the limited carbon source cannot meet the requirement of denitrification, so that the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in effluent is too high; in addition, the traditional processes such as AAO, oxidation ditch and the like have theoretical removal rate, and about 30 percent of nitrogen can not be removed even under ideal conditions. The above problems are emphasized that deep denitrification cannot be achieved by only the secondary treatment of the current conventional process, and thus the current strict emission standard cannot be met. At present, a plurality of municipal sewage treatment plants in China select to construct a tertiary treatment system to finish the aim of deep denitrification, and a secondary treatment system based on the traditional process is connected in series with a high-efficiency and targeted tertiary treatment process to finish further removal of nitrate nitrogen in secondary treatment effluent. The three-stage treatment process represented by a denitrification filter, a denitrification biomembrane reactor and the like is widely applied. However, the current three-stage treatment process faces huge additional carbon source requirements, so that the urban sewage treatment cost is increased sharply, and simultaneously, a large amount of extra carbon dioxide is discharged, and the method runs counter to the long-term environmental protection targets of low carbon emission reduction and greenhouse effect restoration in China.
The Anammox reaction was discovered and confirmed in the 90 s of the 20 th century, and Anammox bacteria autotrophy ammonia nitrogen as an electron donor and nitrite nitrogen as an electron acceptor to complete ammonia nitrogen oxidation and nitrite nitrogen reduction, and generate nitrogen and a small amount of nitrate nitrogen. The autotrophic nitrogen removal technology greatly saves the aeration energy and carbon source consumed in the sewage treatment process. The realization of the engineering application of Anammox faces two major problems: firstly, the doubling time of the Anammox bacteria is long, and the Anammox bacteria are easy to run off along with the discharge of residual sludge in a sewage treatment plant; secondly, the construction of the Anammox denitrification pathway requires stable nitrite nitrogen as a substrate, but nitrite nitrogen is extremely unstable in the wastewater treatment process and is easily further oxidized or reduced to nitrate nitrogen or nitrogen. Aiming at the first problem, scholars at home and abroad propose to provide attachment growth conditions and longer sludge retention time for Anammox bacteria by constructing a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) through the addition of a biofilm carrier, and the feasibility of the process is verified for many times. It is worth mentioning that the operation mode of the MBBR process pure biomembrane has obvious advantages in the three-stage treatment, and floc sludge is prevented from being introduced into the three-stage treatment again, so that precipitation is not required to be carried out again after the three-stage treatment, the process flow is greatly simplified, and the hydraulic retention time is saved. In response to the second problem, the current technical solutions for producing nitrite based on ammonia nitrogen oxidation (shortcut nitrification) and nitrite based on nitrate reduction (shortcut denitrification) are widely developed and applied, so as to couple with the Anammox process. However, the shortcut nitrification process currently faces key challenges that have not yet been addressed: the activity and biomass of Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) are difficult to be inhibited stably for a long time, and nitrite from short-cut nitrification is easy to be further oxidized into nitrate, thereby directly causing the blockage of the short-cut nitrification coupled with the Anammox process. Nitrate reduction in the short-range denitrification process is used as another large way for obtaining nitrite, the Anammox process and the Anammox process are carried out in an anoxic environment, the generation of the nitrite and the Anammox reaction are carried out synchronously by utilizing the nitrite process, and the microbial synergistic mode of 'production and use' is more stable. Therefore, in the mainstream municipal sewage, short-cut denitrification coupled Anammox (PDA) is currently considered to be a more stable solution for achieving denitrification of mainstream Anammox.
At present, a great deal of research shows that the operating conditions of low COD/N ratio, easily biodegradable carbon source and the like are the key points for strengthening the denitrification of PDA. The activity and abundance of anammox bacteria decreases with increasing COD/N ratio, and good synergy between denitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria is generally dependent on COD/N ratios below 3.0. Furthermore, the type of carbon source significantly affects the production of nitrite nitrogen by the short-cut denitrification process, thereby indirectly having a decisive influence on Anammox. Small-molecule organic matters are proved to be carbon sources which are more beneficial to short-range denitrification, however, at present, most of the small-molecule organic matters are industrial carbon sources, such as sodium acetate, methanol and the like, and the price is high, so that the urban sewage treatment cost is increased sharply. In the urban sewage treatment process, the excess sludge is an environment-friendly and cheap carbon source. After the excess sludge is fermented, macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to degrade and various organic matters generated by cell disintegration can be converted into micromolecular organic matters which are easy to degrade, extra energy and resource consumption are not needed in the process, and the method is an economical and effective mode for obtaining high-quality carbon sources in a sewage treatment plant on the spot.
Based on the background, the method is provided by combining a high-quality carbon source generated in the secondary treatment excess sludge fermentation process as an electron donor in a short-cut denitrification process, and realizing the further removal of economic, efficient and environment-friendly nitrate nitrogen by coupling short-cut denitrification with Anammox in the MBBR process, thereby realizing the goal of tertiary treatment deep denitrification of the municipal sewage treatment plant.
The invention content is as follows:
the method for realizing the deep denitrification of the municipal sewage in the PDA-MBBR by utilizing the residual sludge fermentation supernatant adopts the following devices: excess sludge of the municipal sewage secondary treatment system enters a sludge fermentation tank (5) through a sludge pump (4) and a sludge pipeline (1), and the sludge pipeline is provided with a valve (2) and a check valve (3); effluent of the urban sewage secondary treatment system is pumped into an intermediate water tank (10) by a first water inlet pump (9) through a first water inlet pipeline (8), and then is pumped into an adjusting tank (13) by a second water inlet pump (12) through a second water inlet pipeline (11); supernatant in the sludge fermentation tank is pumped into the regulating tank through a third water inlet pipeline (6) by a third water inlet pump (7); sludge fermentation supernatant and effluent of a secondary treatment system are uniformly mixed in an adjusting tank, and then are pumped into a first grid chamber (17) of a biochemical reaction zone of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) by a fourth water inlet pump (15) through a fourth water inlet pipeline (14), and then sequentially flow through a second grid chamber (18) of the MBBR, a third grid chamber (19) of the MBBR and a fourth grid chamber (20) of the MBBR, a biofilm carrier is added into each grid chamber, and a submersible stirrer (16) is installed; the effluent of the MBBR biochemical reaction area is discharged out of the system through a water outlet pipe (21).
The method for realizing the deep denitrification of the municipal sewage in the PDA-MBBR by utilizing the residual sludge fermentation supernatant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) An MBBR biochemical reaction area is connected in series behind the urban sewage secondary treatment system.
2) And (3) allowing the excess sludge in the secondary treatment process of the municipal sewage to enter a sludge fermentation device, wherein the sludge retention time of the sludge fermentation device is 10-15 days, so that macromolecular organic matters or products of microbial degradation in the excess sludge can be degraded into micromolecular organic matters.
3) Mixing all effluent and sludge fermentation supernatant obtained in the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage, and then entering an MBBR biochemical reaction area; the concentration ratio of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) to nitrate nitrogen (measured as nitrogen) in the MBBR biochemical reaction area is controlled to be 2.5-3.0 by controlling the flow of the sludge fermentation supernatant entering the MBBR biochemical reaction area.
4) The specific surface area of the added material in the MBBR biochemical reaction area is 400-500m 2 /m 3 And a biofilm carrier with a packing ratio of 50% -70%, providing long SRT conditions for short range denitrifying bacteria and Anamox bacteria.
5) And the high-quality carbon source in the residual sludge fermentation supernatant is used as an electron donor in the short-cut denitrification process to promote the short-cut denitrification process to generate nitrite nitrogen.
6) And removing nitrate nitrogen in the effluent from the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage and removing ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the supernatant from the fermentation of the excess sludge by coupling short-cut denitrification with Anammox.
The device and the method for realizing the deep denitrification of the municipal sewage in the PDA-MBBR by utilizing the residual sludge fermentation supernatant comprise the following steps:
adding the excess sludge of the secondary treatment of the urban sewage treatment plant into a sludge fermentation tank as seed sludge, keeping the sludge concentration in the sludge fermentation tank between 15000 and 30000mg/L and the sludge retention time between 10 and 15 days, immediately supplementing equivalent excess sludge after discharging supernatant liquid from the sludge fermentation tank, and keeping stable sludge concentration and sludge amount in the fermentation tank; adding a carrier biomembrane enriched with short-range denitrifying bacteria and Anamox bacteria in an anoxic zone of an urban sewage treatment plant into an MBBR biochemical reaction zone according to the filling ratio of 50-70 percent; the speed of submersible stirring is controlled to ensure that the biomembrane carrier and the activated sludge in the anoxic zone are uniformly mixed and fully contacted; regulating the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the MBBR biochemical reaction area to 2-4 hours by controlling the inflow rate; mixing the effluent of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage with sludge fermentation supernatant rich in ammonia nitrogen and small molecular organic matters, and entering an MBBR biochemical reaction zone, wherein the concentration ratio of chemical oxygen demand to nitrate nitrogen in the MBBR biochemical reaction zone is controlled to be 2.5-3.0 by controlling the flow of the sludge fermentation supernatant entering the MBBR biochemical reaction zone.
The device and the method for realizing the deep denitrification of the municipal sewage in the PDA-MBBR by utilizing the residual sludge fermentation supernatant fully play the potential of the residual sludge of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage as a high-quality carbon source, save the additional operation cost brought by a large amount of carbon sources of the field processing industry and reduce the carbon emission to a certain extent; the coupling of the short-cut denitrification and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation in the PDA-MBBR can realize the deep denitrification of the effluent of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage under the condition of no addition of an industrial carbon source, and simultaneously remove ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the supernatant of the sludge fermentation; in general, the technology realizes sludge reduction while finishing deep denitrification, and is a comprehensive urban sewage three-stage treatment technology with great application prospect.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus and a method for realizing deep denitrification of municipal sewage in PDA-MBBR by using excess sludge fermentation supernatant.
In fig. 1: 1-a sludge pipeline; 2-a valve; 3-a check valve; 4-a sludge pump; 5-sludge fermentation tank; 6-a third water inlet pipeline; 7-a third water inlet pump; 8-a first water inlet pipe; 9-a first water tank water inlet pump; 10-an intermediate water tank; 11-a second water inlet pipe; 12-a second water inlet pump; 13-a regulating reservoir; 14-a fourth water inlet pipe; 15-a fourth water inlet pump; 16-a submersible mixer; 17-MBBR first cell; 18-MBBR second cell; 19-MBBR third cell; 20-MBBR fourth cell; and 21-water outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are specifically described with reference to fig. 1:
1) An MBBR biochemical reaction area is connected in series behind the urban sewage secondary treatment system.
2) And (3) allowing the excess sludge in the secondary treatment process of the municipal sewage to enter a sludge fermentation device, wherein the sludge retention time of the sludge fermentation device is 10-15 days, so that macromolecular organic matters or products of microbial degradation in the excess sludge can be degraded into micromolecular organic matters.
3) Mixing all effluent and sludge fermentation supernatant obtained in the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage, and then feeding the mixture into an MBBR biochemical reaction area; the concentration ratio of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) to nitrate nitrogen in the MBBR biochemical reaction area is controlled to be 2.5-3.0 by controlling the flow of the sludge fermentation supernatant entering the MBBR biochemical reaction area.
4) The specific surface area of the added material in the MBBR biochemical reaction area is 400-500m 2 /m 3 And a biofilm carrier with a packing ratio of 50% -70%, providing long SRT conditions for short range denitrifying bacteria and Anamox bacteria.
5) High-quality carbon sources in the residual sludge fermentation supernatant are used as electron donors in the short-cut denitrification process to promote the short-cut denitrification process to generate nitrite nitrogen.
6) And removing nitrate nitrogen in the effluent from the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage and removing ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the supernatant from the fermentation of the excess sludge by coupling short-cut denitrification with Anammox.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
adding the excess sludge of the secondary treatment of the urban sewage treatment plant into a sludge fermentation tank as seed sludge, keeping the sludge concentration in the sludge fermentation tank between 15000 and 30000mg/L and the sludge retention time between 10 and 15 days, immediately supplementing equivalent excess sludge after discharging supernatant liquid from the sludge fermentation tank, and keeping stable sludge concentration and sludge amount in the fermentation tank; adding a carrier biomembrane enriched with short-range denitrifying bacteria and Anamox bacteria in an anoxic zone of an urban sewage treatment plant into an MBBR biochemical reaction zone according to the filling ratio of 50-70 percent; the speed of submersible stirring is controlled to ensure that the biomembrane carrier and the activated sludge in the anoxic zone are uniformly mixed and fully contacted; regulating the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the MBBR biochemical reaction area to 2-4 hours by controlling the inflow rate; mixing the effluent of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage with sludge fermentation supernatant rich in ammonia nitrogen and small molecular organic matters, and entering an MBBR biochemical reaction area, wherein the COD/nitrate nitrogen ratio in the MBBR biochemical reaction area is controlled to be 2.5-3.0 by controlling the flow of the sludge fermentation supernatant entering the MBBR biochemical reaction area.
The device and the method for realizing the deep denitrification of the municipal sewage in the PDA-MBBR by utilizing the residual sludge fermentation supernatant fully play the potential of the residual sludge of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage as a high-quality carbon source, save the additional operation cost brought by a large amount of carbon sources of the field processing industry and reduce the carbon emission to a certain extent; the coupling of the short-cut denitrification and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation in the PDA-MBBR can realize the deep denitrification of the effluent of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage under the condition of no addition of an industrial carbon source, and simultaneously remove ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the supernatant of the sludge fermentation; in general, the technology realizes sludge reduction while completing deep denitrification, and is a comprehensive urban sewage three-level treatment technology with great application prospect.
Claims (4)
1. The method for realizing the deep denitrification of the municipal sewage in the PDA-MBBR by utilizing the residual sludge fermentation supernatant is characterized by comprising the following steps of: excess sludge of the municipal sewage secondary treatment system enters a sludge fermentation tank (5) through a sludge pump (4) and a sludge pipeline (1), and the sludge pipeline is provided with a valve (2) and a check valve (3); effluent of the urban sewage secondary treatment system is pumped into an intermediate water tank (10) by a first water inlet pump (9) through a first water inlet pipeline (8), and then is pumped into an adjusting tank (13) by a second water inlet pump (12) through a second water inlet pipeline (11); supernatant in the sludge fermentation tank is pumped into the regulating tank through a third water inlet pipeline (6) by a third water inlet pump (7); sludge fermentation supernatant and effluent of a secondary treatment system are uniformly mixed in an adjusting tank, and then are pumped into a first grid chamber (17) of a biochemical reaction zone of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) by a fourth water inlet pump (15) through a fourth water inlet pipeline (14), and then sequentially flow through a second grid chamber (18) of the MBBR, a third grid chamber (19) of the MBBR and a fourth grid chamber (20) of the MBBR, a biofilm carrier is added into each grid chamber, and a submersible stirrer (16) is installed; the effluent of the MBBR biochemical reaction area is discharged out of the system through a water outlet pipe (21).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
adding the excess sludge of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage treatment plant into a sludge fermentation tank as seed sludge, keeping the sludge concentration in the sludge fermentation tank between 15000 and 30000mg/L and the sludge retention time between 10 and 15 days, immediately supplementing equivalent excess sludge after discharging supernatant liquid from the sludge fermentation tank, and keeping stable sludge concentration and sludge amount in the fermentation tank; adding a carrier biomembrane enriched with short-range denitrifying bacteria and Anamox bacteria in an anoxic zone of an urban sewage treatment plant into an MBBR biochemical reaction zone according to the filling ratio of 50-70 percent; the speed of submersible stirring is controlled to ensure that the biomembrane carrier and the activated sludge in the anoxic zone are uniformly mixed and fully contacted; adjusting the hydraulic retention time HRT of the MBBR biochemical reaction area to 2-4 hours by controlling the inflow rate; mixing the effluent of the secondary treatment of the municipal sewage with sludge fermentation supernatant rich in ammonia nitrogen and small molecular organic matters and entering the MBBR biochemical reaction area, and controlling the concentration ratio of chemical oxygen demand to nitrate nitrogen in the MBBR biochemical reaction area to be 2.5-3.0 by controlling the flow of the sludge fermentation supernatant entering the MBBR biochemical reaction area.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the MBBR biochemical reaction zone is 400-500m 2 /m 3 50-70% of biofilm carrier, and provides long-range denitrifying bacteria and Anamox bacteriaSRT conditions.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein short-cut denitrification is coupled with Anammox to remove nitrate nitrogen from the municipal wastewater secondary treatment effluent and to remove ammonia nitrogen and organic matter from the excess sludge fermentation supernatant.
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