CN115890144A - Numerical control milling deformation control method for titanium alloy elongated edge strip part - Google Patents
Numerical control milling deformation control method for titanium alloy elongated edge strip part Download PDFInfo
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- CN115890144A CN115890144A CN202211418346.4A CN202211418346A CN115890144A CN 115890144 A CN115890144 A CN 115890144A CN 202211418346 A CN202211418346 A CN 202211418346A CN 115890144 A CN115890144 A CN 115890144A
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Abstract
A method for controlling the deformation of a slender edge strip part of titanium alloy by numerical control milling includes such steps as forming a L-shaped cross section by slender edge plates and web plates, arranging transverse ribs between said edge plates and web plates, forming a planar structure by rectangular blank, designing the technological process on a blank, preparing test holes in the middle of vertical ribs, milling the technological connecting ribs, and removing the connecting ribs by bench worker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a method for controlling the numerical control milling deformation of a titanium alloy slender edge strip part.
Background
Among various main structural members of the airplane, the titanium alloy slender flange strip part is a typical structure widely applied to various key butt joint parts of the airplane. The parts are of slender structures, the length-width ratio is generally more than 40, and the bending deformation resistance is weak; one side is a plane structure, and a transverse rib structure is arranged between the inner side edge plate and the web plate on the other side. In the numerical control machining process of the parts, after the materials of the parts are removed from one side, the residual internal stress in the blanks is usually large, and after the parts are roughly machined, the internal stress is greatly released, so that large deformation can be generated; meanwhile, secondary stress release deformation can be caused after heat treatment, the generated deformation amount often exceeds the allowable machining allowance range, and the quality risk is huge.
In the production and processing of airplane products, single piece processing is adopted in the traditional process manufacturing flow, the allowance removing process is required to be arranged for multiple times, the deformation is released for multiple times, and the shape correction and the attempt are repeated. Therefore, the produced quality risk is huge, continuous processing cannot be carried out, repeated clamping cannot be carried out, manual intervention is large, the machine occupation time is long, and the production and manufacturing period is greatly prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a numerical control milling deformation control method of a titanium alloy slender flange strip, which can solve the problems of deformation, heat treatment deformation and the like of an airplane part with a titanium alloy slender flange strip structure during numerical control processing, improve the processing continuity, reduce human intervention, improve the processing efficiency and ensure the stable processing of the titanium alloy slender flange strip structure.
A kind of control method of the numerical control milling deformation of the slender flange strip part of titanium alloy, this part is formed the cross section by slender flange plate and web and is L-shaped structure, there are horizontal muscle between flange plate and web inside the part, the web is a planar structure, the part is processed by the rectangular blank, the process technology process includes the process planning, rough machining stage, heat treatment stage, semi-finishing stage, characterized by that includes the following content: 1) The process planning comprises the following steps: the left part and the right part are symmetrically arranged on a blank in a parallel mode, a slender I-shaped process connecting rib is arranged between the left part and the right part, the upper transverse rib and the lower transverse rib of the I-shaped are respectively positioned at two ends of the left part and the right part, the middle vertical rib of the I-shaped is positioned between the left part and the right part, the length of the process connecting rib is larger than that of a part body, the process connecting rib is of an equal-height structure, and process allowance exists between the process connecting rib and the appearance of the parts; 2) And (3) rough machining stage: the rough machining is divided into two-side machining, two-side unequal allowance machining is adopted, firstly, the outer surface of a web plate is roughly machined on the lower surface of a blank, and a fine machining allowance is reserved; rough machining the inner surfaces of the flange plate and the web plate on the upper surface of the blank, and uniformly reserving first finish machining allowances on the top of the flange plate, two sides of the flange plate and the inner surface of the web plate; when the inner surface of the web plate is processed, a plurality of stress grooves are transversely processed on the vertical ribs of the process connecting rib; the height of the top of the flange plate is consistent with the height of the vertical rib of the process connecting rib; manufacturing a detection hole in the middle position of the vertical rib of the process connecting rib, and acquiring a theoretical hole position of the detection hole; 3) After rough machining is finished, annealing heat treatment is carried out to reduce rough machining stress, before heat treatment, two same blanks are connected together back to back, the head and tail directions are consistent, annealing heat treatment is carried out, and each blank comprises two parallel parts; 4) A semi-finishing stage: before semi-finishing, firstly, comparing and analyzing the hole site of a detection hole on a connecting rib by a probe detection process on a machine tool with the theoretical hole site of the detection hole, and analyzing the bending deformation and the deformation direction of the blank, wherein the bending deformation is within 6mm, and the warping deformation is within 0.5-1mm, so that normal subsequent processing can be carried out; during semi-fine machining, firstly removing fine machining allowance of the outer surface of the web plate on the lower surface of the blank, performing fine machining on the outer surface of the web plate, performing semi-fine machining on the top of the edge plate, two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate on the upper surface of the blank, removing partial first fine machining allowance on the top of the edge plate, two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate, and reserving a second fine machining allowance; 5) In the finish machining stage, the hole site of the detection hole on the connecting rib is detected through a probe detection process on a machine tool and is compared and analyzed with the theoretical hole site of the detection hole, the bending deformation and the deformation direction are analyzed, the bending deformation is within 1mm, the deformation direction is the width direction of a blank, normal subsequent machining can be realized, during finish machining, second finish machining allowances of the top of the edge plate, the two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate are sequentially removed, and the web plate surface and the inner transition surface of the edge plate are machined in place; and after finishing, milling the process connecting ribs around the part in sections, and finally cutting off and removing the process connecting ribs by a bench worker.
The numerical control milling deformation control method for the titanium alloy slender flange strip part is characterized in that when the flange plate ribs are subjected to semi-finish machining and finish machining, a mode that a cutter is arranged at 90-degree horizontal axis for machining and is subjected to axial preferential cutting is adopted, the flange plate ribs are machined by the side edge of the cutter, and the deformation of the flange plate is reduced as far as possible.
The numerical control milling deformation control method of the titanium alloy slender flange strip part is characterized in that in the semi-finishing and finishing stages, when the inner side and the outer side of the flange plate are machined, the machining is carried out in a feed mode of firstly carrying out axial layered cutting and then carrying out radial layered cutting.
The method for controlling the numerical control milling deformation of the titanium alloy slender flange strip part is characterized in that in the finish machining stage, the finish machining of the web surface adopts a feed mode of combining axial layering with radial layering, giving priority to axial cutting and cutting layer by layer from the outer side to the inner side.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in: according to the processing method, through the inspection of the inventor in the actual production, the deformation of the slender flange strip structure part is controlled in the processing process and the heat treatment process, the magnitude and the deformation direction of the deformation are detected, the cutting process is stable, the quality of the cut surface is good, the wall thickness of the flange plate meets the design tolerance requirement, and the problem that the wall thickness of the flange plate cannot be ensured due to the processing deformation and the heat treatment deformation of the slender flange strip structure is effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structural component of an elongated strip of titanium alloy.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the blank of the left and right parts of the titanium alloy elongated edge strip part.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rough machining of the first surface of the left and right parts of the titanium alloy elongated edge strip part.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rough machined second surface of the left and right parts of the titanium alloy elongated edge strip part.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rough machined state of the left and right parts of the titanium alloy elongated edge strip part.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a back-to-back heat treatment of two blanks of a titanium alloy elongated edge strip part.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of clamping of a milling tool for left and right parts of a titanium alloy slender edge strip part.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a left and right piece semi-finish of a titanium alloy elongate bead part.
FIG. 9 is a schematic drawing of a left and right piece finish machining of a titanium alloy elongate bead part.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a finished connecting rib for the left and right parts of a titanium alloy slender edge strip part.
The numbering in the figures illustrates: 1. a titanium alloy elongate bead piece; 2. a flange plate; 3. a web; 4. a left part; 5. a right part; 6. woolen materials; 7. connecting ribs by a process; 8. a U-shaped stress groove; 9. detecting holes; 10. the bolt passes through the hole; 11. milling tools; 12. technological connecting ribs;
Detailed Description
The numerical control machining of the elongate bead structural component 1 will be described below as an example.
Referring to fig. 1, the main structural features of the structural elongated member 1 according to the present embodiment are: the part is a slender structure formed by a plane web plate 3 and a curved surface edge plate 2, and the cross section of the slender structure is L-shaped; the plane web 3 and the curved surface edge plate 2 are both of thin-wall structures, the wall thickness is 3mm (the wall thickness tolerance is +/-0.15), the height of the edge plate is 65mm, the width of the web is 75mm, the length of a part is 3400mm, the length-width ratio generally reaches more than 40, and the bending deformation resistance is weak; the material is aviation titanium alloy TC18.
Referring to the attached figure 2, the design of symmetrical and parallel arrangement of left and right parts is adopted, the left part 4 of the slender edge strip and the right part 5 of the slender edge strip are arranged on a rectangular blank 6 in parallel for processing, the left and right parts are arranged head to head, tail to tail, the head and tail distances are basically equal, and the slender edge plate is arranged at the outermost side. The bending deformation in the processing and heat treatment stages is reduced through the symmetrical distribution of the slender structures; meanwhile, the bending rigidity of the slender flange plate is increased, and the bending deformation caused by heat treatment is reduced. A slender I-shaped process connecting rib 7 is added between the left part and the right part which are symmetrically arranged in parallel, the left part and the right part of the part are isolated, and the left part and the right part of the part are equidistant to the left part 4 and the right part 5; the length of the I-shaped process connecting rib 7 is greater than that of the part body, and the full length of the I-shaped process connecting rib is connected with the part body through the process connecting rib; the I-shaped process connecting rib 7 is of an equal-height structure, and the height of the I-shaped process connecting rib is higher than that of the part body edge plate;
the processing process of the part is divided into five stages: the method comprises the following steps of process planning, a rough machining stage, a heat treatment stage, a semi-finishing stage and a finishing stage.
Referring to the attached drawings 3 and 4, the rough machining adopts bolts and a pressing plate to clamp the rough material 6 in a pressing mode. Referring to the attached drawing 5, rough machining is divided into two-side machining, two-side unequal-allowance machining is adopted, firstly, the outer surface of a web plate is roughly machined on the lower surface of a blank 6, and a finish machining allowance is reserved; rough machining the inner surfaces of the flange plate 2 and the web plate 3 on the upper surface of the blank 6, and uniformly reserving first finish machining allowances on the top of the flange plate 2, two sides of the flange plate 2 and the inner surface of the web plate 3; when the inner surface of the web plate 3 is processed, a plurality of stress grooves 8 are transversely processed on the vertical ribs of the process connecting ribs 7; the height of the top of the flange plate is consistent with the height of the vertical rib of the process connecting rib; and manufacturing a deformation detection hole 9 in the middle position of the vertical rib of the process connection rib, and acquiring a theoretical hole position of the detection hole 9. When the inner shape is roughly processed, a plurality of U-shaped stress grooves 8 are milled on the I-shaped process connecting rib 7 in a segmented mode, the distance between the stress grooves 8 is about 1/6 of the length of the process connecting rib 7, and the groove depth is 1/2 of the height of the connecting rib, so that the purpose of releasing deformation is achieved. The two outer long and thin edge plates are roughly processed into structures with equal height, the height of the structures is consistent with that of the I-shaped connecting ribs 7, and a plurality of U-shaped stress grooves 8 are milled at the gap positions at the tops of the edge plates.
Referring to the attached figure 5, after rough machining, a detection hole 9 is formed in the middle of the I-shaped technological connecting rib 7, and finally a plurality of bolt through holes 10 are formed in the I-shaped technological connecting rib 7.
Referring to the attached drawing 6, after rough machining is finished, annealing heat treatment is firstly carried out to reduce rough machining stress, before heat treatment, two same blanks are connected together back to back, the head and tail directions are consistent, annealing heat treatment is carried out, and the purpose of reducing warping deformation generated in the heat treatment stage is achieved. After the heat treatment is finished, the hole site coordinates of the detection holes 9 are analyzed, and compared with the theoretical hole site coordinates, the deformation amount and the deformation direction are analyzed.
Referring to the attached figure 7, a special milling tool 11 is adopted for processing in the semi-finishing stage, a titanium alloy slender edge strip part is placed on the milling tool 11 in a left and right free state, the warping amount of the blank 6 is detected by a feeler gauge, when the warping amount is within 0.5-1mm, a tin foil is needed to plug the warping position, and the semi-finishing can be normally carried out by applying external force to clamp the part in a gapless state. And detecting the hole position of the detection hole 9 on the I-shaped process connecting rib 7 by using a probe on a machine tool, wherein the bending deformation is within 6mm, and the semi-finish machining can be normally carried out. Firstly, removing finish machining allowance of the outer surface of the web plate on the lower surface of the blank, finish machining the outer surface of the web plate, then performing semi-finish machining on the top of the edge plate, two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate on the upper surface of the blank, removing partial first finish machining allowance on the top of the edge plate, two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate, and reserving a second finish machining allowance; referring to the attached drawing 7, when the two sides of the edge plate are semi-finished, the edge plate 2 is firstly machined, the margin of 1mm is uniformly reserved on the appearance of the edge plate 2, then the margin of 3mm is uniformly reserved on the inner shape of the edge plate 2, and the web plate 3 is not machined for ensuring the bending rigidity of the edge plate 2 of the left and right parts. When the rib height of the semi-finishing flange plate 2, when the arc wave trough of the traditional cutter vertically processes the flange plate, the bottom angle of the cutter is easy to jump the teeth because the radian of the arc wave trough is smaller, and the service life of the cutter is greatly reduced. Therefore, the height surface of the flange plate is machined by the side edge in a mode that the cutter is arranged at a 90-degree horizontal shaft for machining and the axial preferential cutting is adopted, and the deformation of the flange plate is reduced as much as possible. When the inner and outer shapes of the flange plate 2 are semi-finished, the flange plate is processed in a feed mode of firstly carrying out axial layered cutting and then carrying out radial layered cutting, the flange plate is divided into 3 layers, and the cutting width of each layer is 1mm. The cutter is a common integral hard alloy cutter with the diameter phi of 25mm, the tooth number of 4 teeth, the edge length of the cutter greater than the height 65 of the flange plate 2, the rotating speed of the cutter of 400RPM and the feeding speed of 120mm/min.
After the semi-finishing is finished, the clamping is released, and the stress is released. The hole site of the detection hole 9 on the I-shaped process connecting rib 7 is detected by a probe on a machine tool, and is compared and analyzed with a theoretical hole site, so that the bending deformation and the deformation direction are analyzed, the bending deformation is within the range of 1mm, the finish machining can be normally carried out, and the deformation direction is the width direction of the blank.
Referring to fig. 9, after the outer shape of the flange plate 2 is finished in place, the inner shape of the flange plate 2 is processed, the wall thickness of the flange plate 2 is ensured to be 3mm, and finally, the structures such as the web plate 3 are processed.
Firstly, semi-finishing web 3, feeding a milling cutter in a fast forward manner by adopting a machine clamp manner, wherein the diameter of the cutter is phi 35mm, the number of teeth is 4, the cutter is a replaceable machine clamp cutter blade, and a machining strategy of small cutting and fast feeding is adopted, wherein the rotating speed of the cutter is 350RPM, the feeding speed is 1400mm/min, and the cutting depth is 0.5mm. The semi-finishing of the web surface adopts a feed mode of combining axial layering with radial layering and axial cutting preferentially and cutting layer by layer from the outer side to the inner side. And then, performing finish machining on the web 3, and machining by adopting a common integral hard alloy cutter, wherein the diameter of the cutter is phi 25mm, and the number of teeth is 4. The finish machining of the web surface adopts a feeding mode of combining axial layering with radial layering, giving priority to axial cutting and cutting layer by layer from the outer side to the inner side. The tool speed was 500RPM, and the feed speed was 130mm/min. And then, performing finish machining on the web surface and the inner transition surface of the edge plate, and performing finish machining in place by adopting an angle end mill.
Referring to fig. 10, finally, the technological connecting ribs 12 for connecting the blanks and the parts are milled in sections, and the technological connecting ribs 12 are cut off by a bench worker.
Claims (4)
1. A kind of control method of the numerical control milling deformation of the slender flange strip part of titanium alloy, this part is formed the cross section by slender flange plate and web and is L-shaped structure, there are horizontal muscle between flange plate and web inside the part, the web is a planar structure, the part is processed by the rectangular blank, the processing technology process includes the technological plan, rough machining stage, heat treatment stage, semi-finishing stage, characterized by that includes the following contents: 1) The process planning comprises the following steps: the left part and the right part are symmetrically arranged on a blank in a parallel mode, a slender I-shaped process connecting rib is arranged between the left part and the right part, the upper transverse rib and the lower transverse rib of the I-shaped shape are respectively positioned at two ends of the left part and the right part, the middle vertical rib of the I-shaped shape is positioned between the left part and the right part, the length of the process connecting rib is larger than that of a part body, the process connecting rib is of an equal-height structure, and process allowance exists between the process connecting rib and the appearance of the parts; 2) And (3) rough machining stage: the rough machining is divided into two-side machining, two-side unequal allowance machining is adopted, firstly, the outer surface of a web plate is roughly machined on the lower surface of a blank, and a finish machining allowance is reserved; rough machining the inner surfaces of the flange plate and the web plate on the upper surface of the blank, and uniformly reserving first finish machining allowances on the top of the flange plate, two sides of the flange plate and the inner surface of the web plate; when the inner surface of the web plate is processed, a plurality of stress grooves are transversely processed on the vertical ribs of the process connecting ribs; the height of the top of the flange plate is consistent with the height of the vertical rib of the process connecting rib; manufacturing a detection hole in the middle position of the vertical rib of the process connection rib, and acquiring a theoretical hole position of the detection hole; 3) After rough machining is finished, annealing heat treatment is carried out to reduce rough machining stress, before heat treatment, two same blanks are connected together back to back, the head and tail directions are consistent, annealing heat treatment is carried out, and each blank comprises two parallel parts; 4) A semi-finishing stage: before semi-finishing, firstly, comparing and analyzing the hole site of a detection hole on a connecting rib by a probe detection process on a machine tool with the theoretical hole site of the detection hole, and analyzing the bending deformation and the deformation direction of the blank, wherein the bending deformation is within 6mm, and the warping deformation is within 0.5-1mm, so that normal subsequent processing can be carried out; during semi-fine machining, firstly removing fine machining allowance of the outer surface of the web plate on the lower surface of the blank, performing fine machining on the outer surface of the web plate, performing semi-fine machining on the top of the edge plate, two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate on the upper surface of the blank, removing partial first fine machining allowance on the top of the edge plate, two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate, and reserving a second fine machining allowance; 5) In the finish machining stage, the hole site of the detection hole on the connecting rib is detected through a probe detection process on a machine tool and is compared and analyzed with the theoretical hole site of the detection hole, the bending deformation and the deformation direction are analyzed, the bending deformation is within 1mm, the deformation direction is the width direction of a blank, normal subsequent machining can be realized, during finish machining, second finish machining allowances of the top of the edge plate, the two sides of the edge plate and the inner surface of the web plate are sequentially removed, and the web plate surface and the inner transition surface of the edge plate are machined in place; and after finishing, milling the process connecting ribs around the part in sections, and finally cutting off and removing the process connecting ribs by a bench worker.
2. The method for controlling the numerical control milling deformation of the titanium alloy slender flange strip part as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the semi-finishing and the finish machining of the flange plate rib are high, a mode that a tool is swung for 90 degrees horizontal axis machining and axial preferential cutting is adopted, the side edge of the tool is used for machining the flange plate rib, and the deformation of the flange plate is reduced as far as possible.
3. The method for controlling the numerical control milling deformation of the titanium alloy slender flange strip part as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the semi-finishing and finishing stages, when the inner side and the outer side of the flange plate are processed, the processing is carried out in a feed mode of firstly carrying out axial layered cutting and then carrying out radial layered cutting.
4. The method for controlling the numerical control milling deformation of the titanium alloy elongated bead part as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the finishing stage, the finishing of the web surface is in a feed mode of combining axial delamination and radial delamination, giving priority to axial cutting, and cutting layer by layer from the outer side to the inner side.
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| CN202211418346.4A CN115890144A (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Numerical control milling deformation control method for titanium alloy elongated edge strip part |
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| CN202211418346.4A CN115890144A (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Numerical control milling deformation control method for titanium alloy elongated edge strip part |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116551335A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-08 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | L-shaped part machining method and L-shaped part |
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2022
- 2022-11-14 CN CN202211418346.4A patent/CN115890144A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116551335A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-08 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | L-shaped part machining method and L-shaped part |
| CN116551335B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | L-shaped part machining method and L-shaped part |
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