CN115888823A - Visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010942 self-nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013310 covalent-organic framework Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[K+].[Fe+3] UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004904 UV filter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FFGPTBGBLSHEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamazepine Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)N)C2=CC=CC=C21 FFGPTBGBLSHEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000623 carbamazepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004298 light response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013384 organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuth;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Bi]=O BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007540 photo-reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogen phthalate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012113 quantitative test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012029 structural testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/48—Silver or gold
- B01J23/52—Gold
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/063—Polymers comprising a characteristic microstructure
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
- B01J35/45—Nanoparticles
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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- B01J37/16—Reducing
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B15/00—Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides
- C01B15/01—Hydrogen peroxide
- C01B15/027—Preparation from water
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of preparation of photocatalytic materials; the method adopts a wet impregnation method, adopts chloroauric acid to impregnate a covalent organic polymer, and enables the chloroauric acid to be uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the covalent organic polymer, thereby assisting sodium borohydride in reducing to prepare gold nanoparticles and loading the gold nanoparticles on the covalent organic polymer to synthesize a gold-loaded covalent organic polymer (Au/COFs) visible light photocatalyst; the photocatalyst can remarkably improve the absorption capacity to visible light, has good visible light photoresponse and excellent photocatalytic performance, and can efficiently reduce oxygen to synthesize hydrogen peroxide in situ under visible light; the photocatalyst can be applied to the environmental field of sustainable development and the field of clean production, disinfects a water body by combining an advanced oxidation technology, has simple and convenient preparation method and high synthesis efficiency, meets the requirement of actual production, and has higher practical value and good environmental significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of photocatalytic materials, and particularly relates to a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Disinfection is an essential step in the water treatment industry to avoid the spread of pathogenic bacteria and the corresponding disease. Although there are many treatment methods for solving the problem of microorganisms in water, the traditional techniques are somewhat complicated, inefficient and sometimes affected by the environment, even causing secondary pollution to the environment.
The in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by photocatalytic technology and the simultaneous implementation of advanced oxidation technologies (AOPs) have become a research hotspot in the fields of photocatalysis and environmental chemistry. Compared with the traditional anthraquinone process, the process for producing hydrogen peroxide by photocatalysis does not utilize hydrogen (H) with high risk 2 ) The method only utilizes oxygen rich in resources on the earth as a raw material, sunlight as an energy source and a semiconductor as a photocatalyst, and the whole process is free from pollution. The limitation of high energy consumption of traditional photoelectric in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is abandoned.
And advanced oxidation technologies (AOPs) are now one of the most promising technologies for treating industrial wastewater and water disinfection. The main advantage is that stubborn components and pathogenic bacteria in water can be effectively removed under the participation of hydroxyl free radicals, and no secondary waste is generated in the whole process. Usually, fe is used 2+ The Fenton reaction, which reacts with hydrogen peroxide to generate hydroxyl radicals, is the main method for performing water disinfection [ equation (1) ]]. Reacting ferrous iron with hydrogen peroxide to respectively generate hydroxyl free radicals and 1mol of ferric iron (Fe) 3+ ) And 1mol of hydroxyl (OH) - ). The strong oxidizing property of Fenton reaction is provided due to the existence of hydroxyl free radical. Therefore, the Fenton technology is applied to water disinfection and pollutant degradation, and the method has wide prospects.
Fe 2+ +H 2 O 2 →Fe 3+ +OH - +·OH (1)
COFs are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers with permanent porosity and highly ordered structures as emerging porous materials. The composite material has high thermal stability, high surface area, extremely low density and better repairability, mainly comprises a series of light elements C, N, H, O, B and the like, and is connected through structural units such as covalent bonds and the like to form a polygonal topological structure, and the composite material has rich nitrogen atom skeletons and stable chemical structures. Can provide more sites for the adsorption of oxygen and the reaction of in-situ generation of hydrogen peroxide, is favorable for the photocatalytic reaction, and is a novel organic photocatalytic material with potential development prospect.
The literature reports that an imine bond-linked covalent organic polymer (He, S, yin, B., niu, H., cai, Y., targeted synthesis of visible-light-driven organic framework catalyst design and precision construction applied Catalysis B: environmental 2018,239, 147-153) is a photocatalyst with application potential, but the covalent organic polymer has the problems of narrow photoresponse range, high recombination rate of photocarriers and the like, and further application of the covalent organic polymer in the field of photocatalysis is restricted. The noble metal is introduced as a cocatalyst, so that the absorption capacity of the material for visible light can be remarkably improved, and the recombination of photon-generated carriers is inhibited. Therefore, the gold nanoparticles are loaded on the covalent organic polymer, and the photocatalytic performance of the gold nanoparticles can be greatly improved.
The invention with publication number CN104397026A provides a water treatment potassium ferrate bactericide and a preparation method thereof, but the invention does not solve the problem that the efficiency of generating Fe (IV) and Fe (V) with strong oxidation capacity by combining potassium ferrate and electrons is low, cannot fully utilize the oxidation capacity of the potassium ferrate, is not suitable for industrial application, and is easy to cause further environmental pollution by using phosphorus trichloride in the production process; the invention with publication number CN104014352A discloses a multielement controllable synthesis method of a BiOCl photocatalyst, the catalyst can be used for photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water, especially carbamazepine drugs, but a large amount of reagents are used in the preparation process of the catalyst, and the preparation process is complex and long in time, and increases the burden of the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the photocatalyst can obviously improve the absorption capacity of visible light, has good visible light response and excellent photocatalytic performance, can efficiently reduce oxygen under the irradiation of the visible light to synthesize the hydrogen peroxide in situ, can effectively remove stubborn components and pathogenic bacteria in water by sterilizing the water body by combining an advanced oxidation technology, and has the advantages of simple preparation method, high synthesis efficiency, higher practical value and good environmental significance
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, which adopts a wet impregnation method to impregnate a covalent organic polymer with chloroauric acid, so that the chloroauric acid is uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the covalent organic polymer, and sodium borohydride is assisted to reduce to prepare gold nanoparticles which are loaded on the covalent organic polymer.
Further, the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylformaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine in a ternary solvent composed of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, performing ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution in an ultrasonic machine, introducing nitrogen, placing the mixed solution in an oven for reaction, forming a light yellow precipitate in a self-nucleation mode, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and placing the precipitates in a vacuum oven for drying to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing the covalent organic polymer obtained in the step S2 in ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment, adding chloroauric acid, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
and S4, slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the S3, stirring for 60min, then placing the mixture on an oil bath pot, continuously stirring until the reaction is complete, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, washing the mixture by using pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying the mixture to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
Further, in the ternary solvent in S1, mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid are respectively in a volume ratio of 5.
Further, the ultrasonic time of the mixed solution in the S1 is 10-20min, and the nitrogen gas is introduced for 10-20min.
Further, the reaction temperature in the oven in the S1 is 110-130 ℃, and the reaction time is 2-4d.
Further, the drying temperature in the S2 is 110-130 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12h.
Further, the volume of the sodium borohydride aqueous solution in the S4 is 15-25 mu L, and the concentration is 0.2-0.4gmL -1 。
Further, the stirring temperature of the S4 in the oil bath pot is 50-70 ℃, and the stirring time is 2-4h.
The invention also aims to provide a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide.
The invention also aims to provide application of the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, wherein hydrogen peroxide is synthesized in situ by reducing oxygen by using visible light, and a water body is sterilized by combining an advanced oxidation technology.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention introduces gold nanoparticles into a novel covalent organic polymer for the first time, develops a novel photocatalytic material loaded by taking a noble metal element as a cocatalyst, obviously improves the absorption capacity to visible light, realizes quick response under the visible light, and has good visible light photoresponse and photocatalytic performance. And H is carried out under the premise of same metal loading 2 O 2 Production performance test shows that compared with other metals, au has the most outstanding load performance, and H 2 O 2 The yield can reach about 1932 mu mol g -1 h -1 。
2. The visible light photocatalyst provided by the invention can efficiently utilize visible light to reduce oxygen to synthesize hydrogen peroxide in situ, and combines with an advanced oxidation technology to generate more hydroxyl radicals, so that the Fenton reaction has strong oxidizing property, thereby effectively removing stubborn components and pathogenic bacteria in water, and generating no secondary waste in the whole process.
3. The gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst Au/COFs is prepared by adopting a chemical reduction method and taking sodium borohydride as a reducing agent, and compared with other traditional methods such as photoreduction, high-temperature calcination and the like, the composite material with high metal loading can be obtained in a short time by utilizing the sodium borohydride reduction method.
4. The preparation method provided by the invention overcomes the problems of time and labor waste of the traditional preparation method, is simple and easy to operate, controllable in process, easy to implement, free of preparation conditions of high temperature and high pressure, high in synthesis rate and high in efficiency, and meets the environment-friendly requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a visible light photocatalyst according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Fourier transform infrared spectrum of a covalent organic polymer and a visible light photocatalyst according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of in situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by covalent organic polymers and visible light photocatalyst according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the bactericidal effect of a covalent organic polymer and a visible light photocatalyst according to example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, which are given for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified;
in the quantitative tests in the following examples, three repeated experiments are set, and the results are averaged;
the experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified;
example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, under the normal temperature condition, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylformaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine into a ternary solvent of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the three solvents is respectively 5; performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine for 10min to disperse the mixture uniformly, and introducing nitrogen for 10min; then placing the mixed solution in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for reaction for 2d to form a light yellow precipitate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and placing the precipitates in a vacuum oven to dry for 8 hours at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing 100mg of covalent organic polymer in 150mL of ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding chloroauric acid with the Au content of 0.5mg into the aqueous solution, and stirring for 30min to ensure that the two are in full contact;
s4, 15. Mu.L of 0.2g mL -1 And (3) slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the step (S3), stirring vigorously for 60min, then placing the solution on an oil bath pot, continuously stirring for 2h at 50 ℃, cooling to room temperature, washing with pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
The gold content of the visible-light photocatalyst prepared according to the method of example 1 was 0.5mg.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, under the normal temperature condition, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylformaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine into a ternary solvent of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the three solvents is respectively 5; performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine for 15min to disperse the mixture uniformly, and introducing nitrogen for 15min; then placing the mixed solution in a 120 ℃ oven for reaction for 3d to form a light yellow precipitate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and drying the precipitates in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing 100mg of covalent organic polymer in 150mL of ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding chloroauric acid with the Au content of 1mg into the aqueous solution, and stirring for 30min to ensure that the two are in full contact;
s4, 20. Mu.L of 0.3g mL -1 And (2) slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the step S3, stirring vigorously for 60min, then placing the mixture on an oil bath, stirring continuously for 3h at 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature, then cleaning the mixture by using pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying the mixture to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
The gold content in the visible-light photocatalyst prepared according to the method of example 2 was 1mg.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, under the normal temperature condition, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylformaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine into a ternary solvent of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the three solvents is respectively 5; performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine for 15min to disperse the mixture uniformly, and introducing nitrogen for 15min; then placing the mixed solution in a 120 ℃ oven for reaction for 3d to form a light yellow precipitate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and placing the precipitates in a vacuum oven to dry for 10 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing 100mg of covalent organic polymer in 150mL of ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding chloroauric acid with the Au content of 1.5mg into the aqueous solution, and stirring for 30min to ensure that the two are in full contact;
s4, 20. Mu.L of 0.3g mL -1 And (3) slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the step (S3), stirring vigorously for 60min, then placing the solution on an oil bath pot, continuously stirring for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature, washing with pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
The gold content in the visible-light photocatalyst prepared according to the method of example 3 was 1.5mg.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, under the condition of normal temperature, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) tribenzaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine into a ternary solvent consisting of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the three solvents is respectively 5; performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine for 15min to disperse the mixture uniformly, and introducing nitrogen for 15min; then placing the mixed solution in a 120 ℃ oven for reaction for 3d to form a light yellow precipitate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and drying the precipitates in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing 100mg of covalent organic polymer in 150mL of ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding chloroauric acid with the Au content of 2mg into the aqueous solution, and stirring for 30min to ensure that the two are in full contact;
s4, 20. Mu.L of 0.3g mL -1 And (3) slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the step (S3), stirring vigorously for 60min, then placing the solution on an oil bath pot, continuously stirring for 3h at the temperature of 60 ℃, cooling to room temperature, washing with pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
The gold content in the visible-light photocatalyst prepared according to the method of example 4 was 2mg.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, under the normal temperature condition, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylformaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine into a ternary solvent of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, wherein the volume ratio of the three solvents is respectively 5; performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic machine for 20min to disperse uniformly, and introducing nitrogen for 20min; then placing the mixed solution in an oven at 130 ℃ for reaction for 4d to form a light yellow precipitate, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and placing the precipitates in a vacuum oven to dry for 12 hours at 130 ℃ to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing 100mg of covalent organic polymer in 150mL of ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding chloroauric acid with the Au content of 3mg into the aqueous solution, and stirring for 30min to ensure that the two are in full contact;
s4, 25. Mu.L of 0.4g mL -1 And (3) slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the step (S3), stirring vigorously for 60min, then placing the solution on an oil bath pot, continuously stirring for 4h at 70 ℃, cooling to room temperature, washing with pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
The gold content in the visible-light photocatalyst prepared according to the method of example 5 was 3mg.
Performance testing
1. Structural testing of visible light photocatalyst
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a visible light photocatalyst in example 2; as can be clearly seen from the figure, the gold nanoparticles are uniformly loaded on the surface of the covalent organic polymer, and the particle size is about 2 nm;
FIG. 2 is a Fourier transform infrared spectrum of a covalent organic polymer and the visible light photocatalyst of example 2; from fig. 2, it can be clearly seen that the covalent organic polymer and the gold-supported covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst in example 2 possess the same absorption characteristic peak, which indicates that the introduction of the gold nanoparticles does not change the parent polymer structure of the covalent organic polymer.
2. Test for synthesizing hydrogen peroxide by visible light photocatalyst
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of in situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by covalent organic polymers and visible light photocatalyst in example 2; 10mg of photocatalyst was dissolved in 50mL of deionized water, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the dark for 30min, and then the aqueous solution was stirred in the dark for 30min. Placing the mixture under a 300W xenon lamp with a UV filter for irradiation, and controlling the whole reaction temperature to be about 25 ℃; in a fixed time period, 3mL of reaction solution is taken to detect the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, and the adopted method is an iodine titration method; 1ml of potassium hydrogen phthalate solution (0.1 mol. L) was taken out -1 ) And potassium iodide solution (0.4 mol. L) -1 ) Mixing with the reaction solution, and storing in dark state for 30min; the hydrogen peroxide molecules can neutralize iodide ions (I) in the solution under the acidic condition - ) The reaction generates iodine triion (I) 3 -) Iodine three ions have a strong absorption peak at 350nm, and the process is detected by a UV-vis photometer; the content of hydrogen peroxide can be estimated by the absorption peak intensity at 350 nm; the experimental result clearly shows that compared with the parent material, the performance of the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of the hydrogen peroxide is greatly improved.
3. Visible light photocatalyst sterilization test
FIG. 4 is a graph of the bactericidal effect of a covalent organic polymer and a visible light photocatalyst in example 2; before the experiment, the escherichia coli is firstly cultured in 75mL of LB culture solution at the constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 16h, 1mL of the bacterial solution is taken out and centrifuged for 1min, and is washed twice by 0.9% sterile physiological saline, and then the bacteria are cultured in the physiological saline; the concentration of the bacterial liquid was 2X 10 7 cfu·mL -1 First, 10mg of photocatalyst was addedPlacing in a beaker, mixing with bacteria, adsorbing for 30min in dark state, and adding Fe when turning on the lamp 2+ For activating the hydrogen peroxide produced to produce hydroxyl radicals, fe 2+ The concentration is controlled to be about 2.7 mM; at specific time intervals, 1mL of reaction solution is diluted step by step, and the inactivation condition of bacteria is observed by a plate counting method; the experimental result shows that the sterilization effect of the visible light photocatalyst is obviously enhanced compared with that of the parent body.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is characterized in that a covalent organic polymer is impregnated with chloroauric acid by a wet impregnation method, so that the chloroauric acid is uniformly distributed on the inner surface of the covalent organic polymer, and sodium borohydride is assisted to reduce to prepare gold nanoparticles which are loaded on the covalent organic polymer.
2. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylformaldehyde and 4,4', 4' - (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) triphenylamine in a ternary solvent composed of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid, performing ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution in an ultrasonic machine, introducing nitrogen, placing the mixed solution in an oven for reaction, forming a light yellow precipitate in a self-nucleation mode, and naturally cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished;
s2, washing precipitates in the reaction kettle with acetone and tetrahydrofuran respectively, and placing the precipitates in a vacuum oven for drying to obtain a covalent organic polymer;
s3, placing the covalent organic polymer obtained in the step S2 in ultrapure water for ultrasonic treatment, adding chloroauric acid, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
and S4, slowly adding the sodium borohydride aqueous solution into the solution obtained in the S3, stirring for 60min, then placing the mixture on an oil bath pot, continuously stirring until the reaction is complete, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature after the reaction is finished, washing the mixture by using pure water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and freeze-drying the mixture to obtain the gold-loaded covalent organic polymer visible light photocatalyst.
3. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane and 3M acetic acid in the ternary solvent in S1 is respectively 5.
4. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic time of the mixed solution in the step S1 is 10-20min, and the nitrogen gas is introduced for 10-20min.
5. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in the oven in S1 is 110-130 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-4d.
6. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in S2 is 110-130 ℃ and the drying time is 8-12h.
7. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the aqueous solution of sodium borohydride in S4 is 15-25 μ L, and the concentration is 0.2-0.4g mL -1 。
8. The method for preparing the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide according to claim 1, wherein the stirring temperature of S4 in an oil bath kettle is 50-70 ℃ and the stirring time is 2-4h.
9. A visible light photocatalyst for in situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The application of the visible light photocatalyst for in-situ synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is characterized in that gold-loaded covalent organic polymer is used as the photocatalyst, hydrogen peroxide is synthesized in situ by reducing oxygen with visible light, and a water body is sterilized by combining an advanced oxidation technology.
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| CN114164449A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-11 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen peroxide by using covalent organic framework catalyst to catalyze oxygen reduction |
| CN114570429A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 浙江工业大学 | Monoatomic-supported covalent organic framework material, preparation thereof and application thereof in hydrogen production by photolysis of water |
| WO2022160576A1 (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 浙江大学 | Ultra-small nano metal organic framework material and preparation method therefor |
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| CN114570429A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 浙江工业大学 | Monoatomic-supported covalent organic framework material, preparation thereof and application thereof in hydrogen production by photolysis of water |
| WO2022160576A1 (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 浙江大学 | Ultra-small nano metal organic framework material and preparation method therefor |
| CN114164449A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-03-11 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing hydrogen peroxide by using covalent organic framework catalyst to catalyze oxygen reduction |
| CN114870898A (en) * | 2022-06-18 | 2022-08-09 | 福州大学 | Visible light composite photocatalyst for efficiently producing hydrogen peroxide |
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