CN115882441A - Little grid system of direct current based on virtual power plant - Google Patents
Little grid system of direct current based on virtual power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN115882441A CN115882441A CN202310062806.2A CN202310062806A CN115882441A CN 115882441 A CN115882441 A CN 115882441A CN 202310062806 A CN202310062806 A CN 202310062806A CN 115882441 A CN115882441 A CN 115882441A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a direct current microgrid system based on a virtual power plant, which comprises a microgrid direct current bus, a photovoltaic power generation system, a echelon battery energy storage system, a lithium battery energy storage system, a charging station, a direct current load, a charging station edge computing terminal, a flexible load edge computing terminal and a microgrid control system. According to the direct-current micro-grid system based on the virtual power plant, the micro-grid control system controls the charging piles and the flexible loads in the charging stations through the charging station edge computing terminals and the flexible load edge computing terminals respectively, and the data interaction mode among the charging station edge computing terminals, the flexible load edge computing terminals and the micro-grid control system does not change along with the change of the types and the capacities of the charging piles/flexible loads, so that even if the charging piles and/or the flexible loads change, the micro-grid control system can adapt to new application scene requirements without redevelopment and modification, and the development workload of the system is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of micro-grids, in particular to a direct-current micro-grid system based on a virtual power plant.
Background
With the rising of the current power receiving proportion of the middle east area of China, the large-scale access of new energy and the increase of power electronic equipment, huge pressure is formed on the balance, adjustment and supporting capacity of a power system. Through developing virtual power plant, realize with the nimble, accurate, intelligent interactive response of big electric wire netting, help stabilizing the electric wire netting peak valley difference, promote electric wire netting safety guarantee level.
Due to the vigorous development of the new energy automobile industry, the replacement and retirement quantity of the power batteries is more and more, and the retired power batteries are utilized in a gradient manner and can be used as energy storage units to participate in the activities of virtual power plants. Along with the popularization of electric automobiles, the electric automobiles have large power consumption and relatively integrated power consumption peak, the selection of the charging period of the electric automobiles has relatively large adjusting potential, and the electric automobiles can realize the discharging function along with the further research. The flexible load is also used as an adjusting resource and can well participate in the virtual power plant. Therefore, the micro-grid can be formed by combining resources such as photovoltaic power generation equipment, charging piles, flexible loads, energy storage and the like.
In the existing microgrid, resources such as photovoltaic power generation equipment, charging piles, flexible loads, energy storage and the like are directly controlled through a microgrid control system, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. When charging piles and/or flexible loads change under different application scenes, a set of micro-grid control system needs to be developed to control resources such as photovoltaic power generation equipment, charging piles, flexible loads and energy storage in a customized manner, the development period is long, and the secondary development cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a direct current micro-grid system based on a virtual power plant, when a charging pile and/or a flexible load change, a micro-grid control system can be adapted to new scene requirements without redevelopment and modification, and the development workload of the system is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a virtual power plant-based direct current micro-grid system comprises a micro-grid direct current bus, a photovoltaic power generation system, a echelon battery energy storage system, a lithium battery energy storage system, a charging station, a direct current load, a charging station edge computing terminal, a flexible load edge computing terminal and a micro-grid control system; the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station and the direct current load are respectively and electrically connected to the microgrid direct current bus; the charging station edge computing terminal is used for uploading the power controllable range of the charging station to the micro-grid control system and controlling each charging pile in the charging station according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system; the flexible load edge computing terminal is used for uploading a reducible power range of a flexible load in the direct current load to the micro-grid control system and controlling the flexible load according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system; the micro-grid control system is respectively connected with the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal, acquires micro-grid real-time operation information data, and generates a device control command based on the micro-grid real-time operation information data to be issued to the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal.
Preferably, the direct current microgrid system based on the virtual power plant further comprises a communication manager, and the microgrid control system is in communication with the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal through the communication manager.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a solar photovoltaic panel and an MPPT converter, and the solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the microgrid direct-current bus through the MPPT converter.
Preferably, the echelon battery energy storage system comprises a echelon battery, a battery management system and an energy storage converter, the echelon battery is electrically connected with the microgrid direct-current bus through the energy storage converter, and the echelon battery is in communication connection with the microgrid control system through the battery management system.
Preferably, the lithium battery energy storage system comprises a lithium battery, a battery management system and an energy storage converter, the lithium battery is electrically connected with the direct current bus of the microgrid through the energy storage converter, and the lithium battery is in communication connection with the microgrid control system through the battery management system.
Preferably, the charging station comprises a plurality of direct current V2G charging piles.
Preferably, the flexible load includes at least one of an air conditioning load, a lighting load, and an electric water heater load.
Preferably, the device control instruction received by the charging station edge computing terminal from the micro-grid control system includes a charging station power limiting instruction, and the charging station edge computing terminal splits the charging station power limiting instruction into a plurality of power limiting instructions and correspondingly issues the power limiting instructions to each charging pile in the charging station on the basis of priority guarantee requirements so as to limit the charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle connected with the charging piles.
Preferably, the device control instruction received by the flexible load edge computing terminal from the micro-grid control system includes a power limit instruction, and the flexible load edge computing terminal performs power reduction control on the flexible load according to the power limit instruction.
Preferably, the micro-grid control system has a monitoring function, an economic optimization scheduling function and a tie line power control function.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: according to the direct-current micro-grid system based on the virtual power plant, the micro-grid control system controls the charging piles and the flexible loads in the charging stations through the charging station edge computing terminals and the flexible load edge computing terminals respectively, and the data interaction mode among the charging station edge computing terminals, the flexible load edge computing terminals and the micro-grid control system does not change along with the change of the types and the capacities of the charging piles/flexible loads, so that even if the charging piles and/or the flexible loads change, the micro-grid control system can adapt to new application scene requirements without redevelopment and modification, and the development workload of the system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of a virtual power plant based DC micro-grid system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system of a virtual power plant-based direct current micro-grid system;
fig. 3 is a data flow diagram of a control system of a virtual power plant-based direct current microgrid system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a virtual power plant-based dc microgrid system includes a microgrid dc bus, a photovoltaic power generation system, a echelon battery energy storage system, a lithium battery energy storage system, a charging station, a dc load, a charging station edge computing terminal, a flexible load edge computing terminal, and a microgrid control system. The photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station and the direct current load are respectively and electrically connected to a microgrid direct current bus, and the microgrid direct current bus is electrically connected to an external power grid (alternating current power grid) through a grid-connected converter. The direct current micro-grid system based on the virtual power plant adopts a direct current distribution structure which is simple to control and small in line loss, and after the system adopts a micro-grid direct current bus, equipment such as a photovoltaic power generation system, an energy storage system (including a echelon battery energy storage system and a lithium battery energy storage system) and a charging pile does not need to be inverted or rectified through AC/DC, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the system is improved.
The direct-current micro-grid system based on the virtual power plant further comprises a communication management machine, and the communication management machine realizes data exchange between the micro-grid control system and the photovoltaic power generation system, the energy storage system (echelon battery energy storage system and lithium battery energy storage system), the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal through a wired communication network based on the Ethernet.
The photovoltaic power generation system comprises a solar photovoltaic panel and an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) converter, wherein the solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with a microgrid direct-current bus through the MPPT converter. The photovoltaic power generation system operates in a maximum power tracking state. The photovoltaic power generation system can be installed on the roof of a park, the outer wall of a building, a square and the like.
The echelon battery energy storage system comprises an echelon battery, a BMS (battery management system) and an energy storage converter, wherein the echelon battery is electrically connected with a microgrid direct-current bus through the energy storage converter, and the echelon battery is in communication connection with the microgrid control system through the BMS. The echelon battery is a product of recycling and upgrading the power battery, and is the power battery disassembled to a module level. The BMS has active balancing capacity and can protect the battery in the echelon to the maximum extent. The energy storage converter (bidirectional DC/DC) can realize bidirectional transmission of energy, adopts a modularized multi-branch structure, can effectively reduce the parallel connection number of the battery pack, ensures that the charging and the discharging of each path of battery are not influenced mutually, can be connected into the batteries of different battery manufacturers, improves the flexibility of the system, reduces the complicated screening link after the gradient utilization of the batteries, reduces the reuse cost of the gradient batteries, and improves the recovery efficiency and the utilization value of the gradient batteries.
The lithium battery energy storage system comprises a lithium battery, a BMS (battery management system) and an energy storage converter (bidirectional DC/DC), wherein the lithium battery is electrically connected with a direct current bus of the microgrid through the energy storage converter, and the lithium battery is in communication connection with the microgrid control system through the BMS. The lithium battery is a new battery pack and has longer service life and higher charge and discharge power.
The charging station fills electric pile including a plurality of direct current V2G, not only can realize electric automobile's quick charge, can also realize that electric automobile gives little electric wire netting direct current bus power transmission. The charging pile is in communication connection with the charging station edge computing terminal, not only uploads the operation information of the charging pile to the charging station edge computing terminal, but also can receive a power limiting instruction of the charging station edge computing terminal and limit the charging and discharging power of the electric automobile.
The charging station edge computing terminal is used for uploading the power controllable range of the charging station to the micro-grid control system and controlling each charging pile in the charging station according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system. The charging station edge computing terminal can acquire state information of each charging pile in the charging station, and the state information comprises a working mode (charging/discharging/non-charging/non-discharging), charging and discharging power, charging electric quantity, discharging electric quantity, current vehicle SOC (state-of-charge), vehicle battery capacity, vehicle planned leaving time and vehicle planned target SOC. After receiving a charging station power limiting instruction of a micro-grid control system, the charging station edge computing terminal preferentially guarantees the requirement as a principle, distributes the total power of the charging station, divides the charging station power limiting instruction into a plurality of power limiting instructions, correspondingly issues the power limiting instructions to each charging pile in the charging station, and executes the power limiting instructions to limit the charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle. In the operation process of the micro-grid, even if the type and the capacity of the charging piles are changed, the charging station edge computing terminal uploads the power controllable range of the charging station, and controls each charging pile in the charging station according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system, and the data interaction mode between the charging station edge computing terminal and the micro-grid control system is not changed along with the change of the type and the capacity of the charging piles, so that the function of the micro-grid control system is not required to be modified.
Dc loads include flexible loads, including air conditioning loads, lighting loads, electric water heater loads, and other loads that may be power regulated or power interrupted, and other important loads. The flexible load is in communication connection with the flexible load edge computing terminal, so that not only is self operation information uploaded to the flexible load edge computing terminal, but also startup/shutdown and power limit control instructions from the flexible load edge computing terminal can be received; other important loads do not participate in system scheduling and are not adjustable.
The flexible load edge computing terminal is used for uploading the reducible power range of the flexible load to the micro-grid control system and controlling the flexible load according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system. The flexible load edge computing terminal can acquire the state information of the flexible load, evaluate the adjustable load power and the interruptible load power, and provide the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the power which can be reduced by the flexible load to the upper-layer micro-grid control system as the constraint condition of the micro-grid control system for controlling the operation of the flexible load. The flexible load edge computing terminal can receive a power limiting instruction from the micro-grid control system and carry out power reduction control on the flexible load according to the power limiting instruction. In the operation process of the microgrid, even if the type and the capacity of the flexible load change, the flexible load edge computing terminal uploads the power range which can be reduced, and controls the flexible load according to an equipment control instruction issued by the microgrid control system, and the data interaction mode between the flexible load edge computing terminal and the microgrid control system does not change along with the change of the type and the capacity of the flexible load, so that the function of the microgrid control system does not need to be modified.
The micro-grid control system is respectively connected with the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal to obtain micro-grid real-time operation information data, and a device control instruction (including but not limited to a power on/off instruction, a mode switching control instruction and a power setting instruction) is generated based on the micro-grid real-time operation information data and is issued to the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal.
The micro-grid control system has a monitoring function, an economic optimization scheduling function and a tie line power control function.
And (4) a monitoring function: the display and control of the running state of each device in the direct-current micro-grid are realized mainly by providing a human-computer interaction interface and a data storage function.
The economic optimization scheduling function: the method is a daily operation mode of the direct current micro-grid, takes the highest comprehensive operation income and the highest system reliability as objective functions, considers lithium battery safety margin, chargeable and dischargeable quantity constraint, the maximum chargeable and dischargeable power constraint, balanced use constraint, charging station adjustable range constraint and flexible load adjustable range constraint, establishes a micro-grid multi-objective scheduling model simultaneously considering charging and discharging of a charging station, flexible loads, an energy storage system and a photovoltaic power generation system, and provides a multi-objective system scheduling algorithm. The energy storage output of a lithium battery, the photovoltaic power generation power, the charging power of a charging station, the flexible load power and the like in the direct-current micro-grid are controlled through an energy optimization scheduling algorithm, so that the aims of safe and reliable operation of the direct-current micro-grid and maximization of comprehensive benefits are fulfilled.
Tie line power control function: the micro-grid power generation control (power transmission to the upper-level AC distribution network) and the power utilization control (demand response) can be realized. The microgrid control system switches the system operation mode (switching from an economic optimization scheduling operation mode to a tie line power control operation mode) after receiving a tie line power control instruction of the virtual power plant energy management system through a 5G wireless communication network, controls internal equipment of the microgrid according to a tie line power curve target, adjusts the charging and discharging power of the echelon battery energy storage system and the lithium battery energy storage system, adjusts the power limit value of a charging station and the power consumption of a flexible load, and realizes tracking of the tie line power instruction. The echelon battery energy storage system only participates in the tie line power control of the microgrid and does not participate in the scheduling of daily economic optimization.
The figure shows a control system data flow schematic diagram of a direct current micro-grid system based on a virtual power plant. As shown in fig. 3, the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, and the lithium battery energy storage system respectively upload their own operation information to the communication module of the micro-grid control system through the communication manager, the charging station edge computing terminal uploads the operation information of each charging pile in the charging station and the power controllable range of the charging station to the communication module of the micro-grid control system through the communication manager, the flexible load edge computing terminal uploads the operation information of the flexible load and the reducible power range of the flexible load to the communication module of the micro-grid control system through the communication manager, after data processing, a part of the data is forwarded to the data monitoring module, a part of the data is dumped to the database, and a part of the data is forwarded to the tie-line power control module and the economic optimization scheduling module.
After receiving the data, the data monitoring module presents the data to a manager in a form of a human-computer interface, so that monitoring and control of the photovoltaic system, monitoring and control of the energy storage system, monitoring and control of the charging station and monitoring and control of the flexible load are realized, and a monitoring function of the micro-grid control system is realized.
After receiving the data, the economic optimization scheduling module optimizes scheduling calculation by combining power prediction data, database historical data and system real-time operation data, generates a device control command according to a calculation result and sends the device control command to the photovoltaic power generation system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge calculation terminal and the flexible load edge calculation terminal, and control of the photovoltaic power generation system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station and the flexible load is achieved.
The virtual power plant energy management system issues the microgrid interconnection line power control instruction to the microgrid control system through communication modes such as 5G, bluetooth or WiFi. The tie line power control module generates an equipment control instruction according to received data after receiving the microgrid tie line power control instruction, the equipment control instruction is sent to a communication manager through the communication module, and then a photovoltaic power generation system, a echelon battery energy storage system, a lithium battery energy storage system, a charging station edge computing terminal and a flexible load edge computing terminal are issued, so that the photovoltaic power generation system output adjustment, the charging and discharging power adjustment of the lithium battery energy storage system, the power limit value adjustment of the charging station and the power utilization adjustment of the flexible load are realized.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Various equivalent changes and modifications can be made on the basis of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art, and all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the claims should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a little grid system of direct current based on virtual power plant which characterized in that: the virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system comprises a microgrid direct current bus, a photovoltaic power generation system, a echelon battery energy storage system, a lithium battery energy storage system, a charging station, a direct current load, a charging station edge computing terminal, a flexible load edge computing terminal and a microgrid control system;
the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station and the direct current load are respectively and electrically connected to the microgrid direct current bus;
the charging station edge computing terminal is used for uploading the power controllable range of the charging station to the micro-grid control system and controlling each charging pile in the charging station according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system;
the flexible load edge computing terminal is used for uploading the reducible power range of the flexible load in the direct current load to the micro-grid control system and controlling the flexible load according to an equipment control instruction issued by the micro-grid control system;
the micro-grid control system is respectively connected with the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal, acquires micro-grid real-time operation information data, and generates a device control command based on the micro-grid real-time operation information data to be issued to the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal.
2. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, characterized in that: the direct-current micro-grid system based on the virtual power plant further comprises a communication management machine, and the micro-grid control system is communicated with the photovoltaic power generation system, the echelon battery energy storage system, the lithium battery energy storage system, the charging station edge computing terminal and the flexible load edge computing terminal through the communication management machine.
3. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a solar photovoltaic panel and an MPPT converter, and the solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the microgrid direct current bus through the MPPT converter.
4. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, characterized in that: the echelon battery energy storage system comprises a echelon battery, a battery management system and an energy storage converter, wherein the echelon battery is electrically connected with a microgrid direct-current bus through the energy storage converter, and the echelon battery is in communication connection with the microgrid control system through the battery management system.
5. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, characterized in that: the lithium battery energy storage system comprises a lithium battery, a battery management system and an energy storage converter, wherein the lithium battery is electrically connected with a direct current bus of the microgrid through the energy storage converter, and the lithium battery is in communication connection with the microgrid control system through the battery management system.
6. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, characterized in that: the charging station comprises a plurality of direct current V2G charging piles.
7. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible load comprises at least one of an air conditioning load, a lighting load and an electric water heater load.
8. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, wherein: the charging station edge computing terminal divides the charging station power limiting instruction into a plurality of power limiting instructions and correspondingly issues the power limiting instructions to each charging pile in the charging station on the basis of priority guarantee requirements so as to limit the charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle connected with the charging piles.
9. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, characterized in that: the device control instruction from the micro-grid control system received by the flexible load edge computing terminal comprises a power limiting instruction, and the flexible load edge computing terminal performs power reduction control on the flexible load according to the power limiting instruction.
10. The virtual power plant based direct current microgrid system of claim 1, wherein: the micro-grid control system has a monitoring function, an economic optimization scheduling function and a tie line power control function.
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