CN115875871A - Air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply system based on siphon principle and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply system based on siphon principle and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An air conditioner refrigerating and heating system based on siphon principle includes refrigerant water system, refrigerant steam system and liquid level regulator for regulating refrigerating temperature. The refrigerant water system includes a high level tank, a siphon start pump, an evaporation vessel, a low level tank, and a heat sink for providing the heat required for evaporation of the refrigerant. The operation method comprises three processes of refrigerant water siphon decompression, heat absorption evaporation and vapor compression discharge. The invention thoroughly gets rid of the constraint of four traditional refrigeration components, provides a simpler and easier structural form, and can be used as a water chilling unit, a water source or air source heat pump and a combined cooling and heating unit; the water-cooling type solar water heater has the characteristics of simple structure, low construction cost, multiple purposes and the like, and has the advantages of environmental friendliness, energy conservation, emission reduction and the like due to the fact that water is used as a refrigerant; compared with the traditional vapor compression circulating refrigeration method, the method has the advantages of wider refrigeration temperature range, higher heat supply grade and larger theoretical refrigeration coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply system and an operation method thereof, in particular to an air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply system based on a siphon principle and an operation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of refrigeration and heat supply of industrial and civil air conditioners.
Background
Modern people cannot live in refrigeration, and the most important application is air conditioning. People have long been used to the comfortable enjoyment brought by the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, such as household air conditioners and various central air conditioners for large public buildings. The refrigeration air conditioner can not be used for life, and the refrigeration air conditioner is especially suitable for production. As long as production means energy consumption, energy consumption means heat production, and heat production means heat removal, i.e. refrigeration is required, so that refrigeration and air conditioning are widely used in various industries of industrial production. The refrigeration air conditioner is a necessary product for human beings, and is indispensable to the future development of human beings.
At present, a plurality of methods for realizing refrigeration exist, but only vapor compression circulation type refrigeration of liquid vaporization occupies the absolute leading position of the refrigeration industry due to the characteristics of mature theory, large refrigeration capacity, high energy utilization rate and the like, and other refrigeration methods (such as absorption type, adsorption type, vapor injection type, air expansion method, pulse tube type, vortex tube type, thermoelectric refrigeration, magnetic refrigeration, acoustic refrigeration and the like) are limited in application range due to the performance characteristics of the refrigeration methods, and are only used in a small amount in some special occasions.
The vapor compression cycle refrigeration is produced in the 18 th century, the theoretical basis of which is the inverse Carnot cycle, and the main equipment is composed of four major components, namely an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve. The basic working principle is as follows: the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is evaporated in the evaporator to absorb heat, and the absorbed heat comes from a substance to be refrigerated (such as chilled water) which flows through the evaporator at the same time, so that refrigeration is realized; the low-pressure refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is compressed into high-pressure refrigerant vapor by a compressor; then the heat is condensed and released in a condenser, and the released heat is taken away by cooling substances (such as cooling water) flowing through the condenser at the same time; thereafter, the condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid is decompressed by the throttle valve and is changed into a low-pressure refrigerant liquid again, and the low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator, thereby realizing a refrigeration cycle.
Although vapor compression cycle refrigeration has been developed for about 200 years, and the technology is quite mature, compared with other refrigeration methods, the vapor compression cycle refrigeration has the outstanding advantages of large refrigeration capacity, high energy efficiency and the like, but the vapor compression cycle refrigeration still has some defects:
(I) high energy consumption: refrigeration energy consumption has become one of the most important components of national production energy consumption. In both civil and industrial applications, as long as there is a refrigeration demand, the refrigeration system is generally one of the most important energy consumption items of users, for example, a general large-scale public building, and the energy consumption of air-conditioning refrigeration in summer generally accounts for about half of the total energy consumption of the building in summer.
(II) refrigerant damages the environment: the vapor compression cycle refrigeration method generally adopts various types of freons as refrigerants, and the freons either damage the ozone layer or produce atmospheric greenhouse gases, thereby causing serious influence on the environment.
(III) high equipment manufacturing requirement and high cost: although the basic construction is "4 pieces refrigerated", the manufacturing requirements for each piece are high, and the addition of a large number of accessories and control systems makes the refrigerator one of the most valuable items in the engineering field. At present, the refrigerator is still dominated by foreign brands, and the domestic brands are competitive.
(IV) the refrigeration range is narrow: the refrigeration range of a specific refrigerator is quite narrow, for example, a common water chilling unit can only provide chilled water at 5-15 ℃, if the range is exceeded, a refrigerant or a compressor must be replaced, namely, for occasions with multi-working condition requirements, a plurality of refrigerators are required to be configured, and the refrigerators cannot be used universally, which undoubtedly increases the complexity of the system and the construction cost.
(V) low heating grade: the refrigerating process is a process of transferring heat from low temperature to high temperature, so the refrigerator is a heater by nature. The grade of heat provided by the vapor compression circulation refrigeration is generally only about 60 ℃ at most, and the vapor compression circulation refrigeration can only be used for heating or producing a few heat demands such as domestic hot water and the like. For some users with higher heat level requirements (such as steam requirements), it is generally necessary to configure a separate heating device such as a boiler in addition to the refrigerator.
In view of the defects in the prior art, a new method is needed to develop a brand new refrigeration mode for the field of air conditioning refrigeration and heat supply, so that the whole refrigeration and heat supply industry and environmental protection can be promoted to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply system based on a siphon principle and an operation method thereof, so that the air conditioner refrigeration and heat supply system not only has the characteristic of large refrigerating capacity of vapor compression circulating refrigeration, but also realizes energy conservation and emission reduction, is environment-friendly, and is expected to realize simultaneous heating and cooling in a wider range, thereby further reducing the operation cost.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an air conditioner refrigeration heating system based on siphon principle which characterized in that: the system comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device and a liquid level adjusting device for adjusting the refrigeration temperature; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank, a siphon starting pump, an evaporation container, a low-level water tank and a heat absorption device for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump is arranged on the pipeline; the inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank, and the outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container; a pipeline leading from the evaporation container to the low-level water tank is inserted below the liquid level in the low-level water tank; an exhaust valve is arranged at the top of the evaporation container; the refrigerant steam system sequentially comprises a steam compressor, a steam emptying pipe and a steam heat utilization unit; the steam heat utilization unit is characterized in that a steam emptying valve is installed on the steam emptying pipe, and a steam heat utilization unit switch valve is installed on an inlet pipeline of the steam heat utilization unit.
Preferably, the level difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container 1 Is 0-10.5 m: liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 Is 1-10 m.
Preferably, the liquid level adjusting device comprises a liquid level meter and a variable volume air bag and is arranged on the high-level water tank.
Preferably, the automatic water replenishing device is arranged on the low-level water tank.
Furthermore, the heat absorption device is arranged in the evaporation container, the low-level water tank or the high-level water tank, or arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, or arranged above the high-level water tank. Preferably, if the heat absorbing device is arranged inside the evaporation container, the heat absorbing device adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is integrated with the evaporation container; if the heat absorption device is arranged in the high-level water tank or the low-level water tank, the heat absorption device adopts a floating disc tubular heat exchanger; if the heat absorption device is arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, the heat absorption device adopts a plate heat exchanger, or a cooling user is taken as the heat absorption device and is directly connected to the pipeline of the refrigerant water system; if the heat absorber is arranged above the high-level water tank, the heat absorber adopts a heat source tower for taking heat from the air.
Further, the steam heat utilization unit is one or a combination of a plurality of heating units connected with common heating users, steam supply units connected with steam demand users, domestic hot water supply units connected with domestic hot water heating users or domestic hot water supply units connected with domestic hot water heating users.
The invention provides an operation method of an air-conditioning refrigeration and heat supply system based on a siphon principle, which is characterized in that when the system is only used as a water chilling unit, the operation method comprises the following steps:
1) A heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is used for enabling the heat absorption device in the refrigerant water system to be in a working state;
2) Opening an exhaust valve, starting a siphon starting pump and an internal circulating pump, and closing the exhaust valve and the siphon starting pump when air in a pipeline among the high-level water tank, the evaporation container and the low-level water tank is exhausted and the pipeline is filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃ so that the refrigerant water in the pipeline flows under the siphon action;
3) The liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is realized by using an automatic water replenishing device and an internal circulating pump 2 The stability is between 1 and 10 meters;
4) According to the target refrigeration temperature, a liquid level adjusting device is utilized to adjust the height difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container within the range of 0-10.5 meters 1 Make the refrigerant water in 1 Vaporizing under corresponding negative pressure to form refrigerant water vapor;
5) Starting a steam compressor to enable the refrigerant steam to be boosted under the action of the steam compressor, closing a steam heat utilization unit switch valve, opening a steam emptying valve, and discharging the refrigerant steam into the atmosphere through a steam emptying pipe;
6) The heat source communicated with the heat absorbing device adopts a water source, water in the water source exchanges heat with refrigerant water, the temperature of the water from the water source is reduced along with the evaporation of the refrigerant water, and chilled water is formed and supplied to cooling users, so that the water cooling machine set can be used.
When the system is used as a heat supply unit or a combined cooling and heating unit, the operation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) A heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is used for enabling the heat absorption device in the refrigerant water system to be in a working state;
2) Opening an exhaust valve, and starting a siphon starting pump and an internal circulating pump; when the air in the pipelines among the high-level water tank, the evaporation container and the low-level water tank is exhausted and the pipelines are filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃, closing an exhaust valve and a siphon starting pump to enable the refrigerant water in the pipelines to flow under the siphon action;
3) The liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is realized by using an automatic water replenishing device and an internal circulating pump 2 The stability is achieved, and the stability value is between 1 and 10 meters;
4) According to the heat source temperature of the heat absorption device, the liquid level adjusting device is utilized to adjust the height difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container within the range of 0-10.5 meters 1 Allowing the refrigerant water to react with the refrigerant water 1 Vaporizing under corresponding negative pressure to form refrigerant water vapor;
5) And starting the steam compressor to enable the water vapor of the refrigerant to be boosted under the action of the steam compressor, closing the steam emptying valve, opening the switch valve of the steam heat utilization unit to enable the water vapor of the refrigerant to flow into the steam heat utilization unit, and thus the water vapor of the refrigerant can be used as a heat supply unit or a combined cooling and heating unit.
Further, when the system is used as a heat supply unit or a combined cooling and heating unit, the system is a water source heat pump unit if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is an underground water source, a soil water source, an earth surface water source, a sewage source and a production or living waste heat water source; if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is outdoor air, the system is an air source heat pump unit; if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is chilled water from a cooling user, the system is a combined cooling and heating unit.
Compared with the prior vapor compression circulating refrigeration system and method, the invention has the following advantages and prominent technical effects:
(1) the method is environment-friendly: the present invention adopts water as refrigerant, which does not destroy ozone layer and cause greenhouse gas, and these are the major defects of various Freon refrigerants used in the prior art.
(2) Energy conservation: as a new refrigeration system and method, the theoretical refrigeration coefficient of the invention can be about twice of that of a vapor compression circulating refrigeration method under the same working condition; moreover, the invention also provides more convenient and high-grade heat, and the combined cooling and heating is realized by a simpler method in a larger temperature range, so compared with the traditional vapor compression circulating refrigeration method, the invention has obvious energy-saving advantage.
(3) Simple structure, equipment manufacture require lowly, and the running cost is few: the traditional refrigeration method taking 'four refrigeration parts' as a typical characteristic has higher requirements on equipment manufacturing, but the invention thoroughly gets rid of the constraint of 'four refrigeration parts' and provides a simpler and easier structural form. Moreover, the unique structure of the invention also makes it easier to build heating systems with various purposes, makes some cold and heat source systems needing combined cooling and heating occasions simpler and has lower construction cost.
(4) One machine has multiple functions: because the invention has wide refrigeration range and high heating grade, the invention can be used as a substitute product of various common equipment or systems in the fields of refrigeration and air conditioning and industry at present: when the invention is used for preparing air-conditioning chilled water at about 10 ℃, the water-chilling unit can be used as a substitute product of a water chilling unit in the related industry at present; when the invention is used for preparing chilled water at about 30 ℃, the chilled water can be used as a substitute product of a cooling water system in the wide industrial field; when the industrial field needs cooling water with higher temperature, the invention can be used as a substitute product of various cooling systems adopted at present as long as the temperature does not exceed 100 ℃; when the heat pump is used as a heat pump and the low-temperature heat source is various water sources, the heat pump can be used as a substitute product of a water source heat pump unit in the prior art; when the invention is used as a heat pump and the low-temperature heat source is an air source, the invention can be used as a substitute product of a heat source tower heat pump heating system in the prior industry, and does not need brine regeneration; the invention can be used as a steam generator to supply steam instead of petrochemical fuel and the like; in addition, the invention can be used as a domestic hot water making machine, and when the air source heat pump is used for making domestic hot water, the invention can not only make heat, but also make water, namely, freely extract water from the air.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an air-conditioning refrigeration and heating system based on the siphon principle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the present invention as a water chiller, and an embodiment of the heat sink disposed inside the evaporation container.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the system of the present invention as a combined cooling and heating unit or a water-source heat pump type heating unit, and an embodiment in which the heat absorbing device is disposed inside the evaporation container.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption device of the air source heat pump type heat supply unit of the present invention, which adopts a heat source tower and is disposed above a high-level water tank.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention using a plate heat exchanger as a heat sink and placing it on a refrigerant water system line.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a refrigerant water system with a cooling user connected in series with the refrigerant water system as a heat sink.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment in which the heat absorber is placed in a low level tank and a floating coil type heat exchanger is used.
Fig. 8a is a schematic configuration diagram of the steam heat utilization unit as the heating unit.
Fig. 8b is a schematic structural view of the steam heat utilization unit as a steam supply unit.
Fig. 8c is a schematic structural view of the steam heat utilization unit as a domestic hot water supply unit.
Fig. 8d is a schematic structural view of the steam heat utilization unit as a domestic hot water supply unit.
In the figure: 1-an evaporation vessel; 2-steam heat utilization unit; 3-a low level water tank; 4-high level water tank; 5-internal circulation pump; 6-siphon start pump; 7-a vapor compressor; 8-an exhaust valve; 9-a heat absorbing device water inlet pipe; 10-a water outlet pipe of the heat absorption device; 11-automatic water replenishing device; 12-a heating heat exchanger; 13-a heating water inlet pipe; 14-heating water outlet pipe; 15-a condensate recovery device; 16-a vapor supply compressor; 17-a steam supply pipe; 18-hot water heat exchanger; 19-domestic hot water inlet pipe; 20-domestic hot water outlet pipe; 21 a-the level of the low level tank; 21 b-the level of the head tank; 22-a heat sink; 23-a heating unit; 24-a steam supply unit; 25-domestic hot water supply unit; 26-domestic hot water producing and supplying unit; 27-a heat-preservation water spraying chamber; 28-vapor-liquid interface of vaporization vessel; 29-steam heat utilization unit on-off valve; 30-a steam evacuation valve; 31-steam evacuation pipe; 32-overflow pipe; 33-a water escape valve; 34-liquid level regulating device; h is 1 -a level difference between the liquid level of the head tank and the vapour-liquid interface of the evaporation vessel; h is 2 -the level difference between the high level tank and the low level tank.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, its structure, principles and operation will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure principle of an air-conditioning refrigeration and heating system based on the siphon principle, which comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device 11 and a liquid level adjusting device 34 for adjusting the refrigeration temperature, according to the present invention; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank 4, a siphon starting pump 6, an evaporation container 1, a low-level water tank 3, a heat absorption device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation and corresponding connecting pipelines; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank 3 is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank 4 through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump 5 is arranged on the pipeline; the siphon starting pump 6 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-level water tank 4 and the evaporation container 1, an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump 6 is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank 4, and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container 1; a pipe leading from the evaporation vessel 1 to the low level water tank 3 is inserted below the liquid level in the low level water tank 3; an exhaust valve 8 is arranged at the top of the evaporation container 1; the refrigerant steam system is sequentially connected with a steam compressor 7, a steam emptying pipe 31 and a steam heat utilization unit 2 through pipelines, and a steam emptying valve 30 is installed on the steam emptying pipe 31; a steam heat utilization unit switching valve 29 is installed on an inlet pipe of the steam heat utilization unit 2.
Level difference h between liquid level 21b of high-level water tank and gas-liquid interface 28 of evaporation container 1 1 Typically 0-10.5 meters; liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 Typically 1-10 meters. h is 1 The larger the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant water in the evaporation vessel 1, and correspondingly the lower the evaporation temperature thereof, i.e. the lower the refrigeration temperature, h 1 The corresponding refrigeration temperature is close to 0 ℃ when the temperature is close to 10.5 meters; otherwise h 1 The smaller the refrigeration temperature, the higher h 1 The corresponding refrigeration temperature is close to 100 ℃ when the temperature is close to 0 m; liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 As a siphon driving force, for overcoming the on-way resistance between the high level water tank 4 and the low level water tank 3.
The liquid level control device 34 of the present invention may be a structure including a liquid level meter and a variable volume bladder, and should be installed on the head tank 4. The height difference h between the liquid level 21b of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface 28 of the evaporation container is adjusted by changing the volume of the air bag 1 With h 1 The pressure of the refrigerant water in the evaporation container can be changed correspondingly, and the evaporation temperature is changed accordingly, so that the aim of adjusting the refrigeration temperature is fulfilled. In addition to the above-described structure, the liquid level adjusting device 34 may also adopt other types of structures.
In order to replenish the refrigerant water in time with the amount of water required for evaporation in the evaporation vessel during operation of the system, an automatic water replenishing device 11 is installed in the system, preferably on the lower tank 3, but also on the upper tank.
The heat absorbing device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation according to the present invention may be installed inside the evaporation container 1, the low level tank 3 or the high level tank 4, or on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, or above the high level tank, according to specific design. If the heat sink 22 is mounted inside the vaporization vessel, it is preferred to use a shell and tube heat exchanger (as shown in FIG. 1) that is integral with the vaporization vessel; if the heat absorber 22 is placed in the high-level water tank or the low-level water tank, the heat absorber is preferably a floating coil type heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 7); if the heat absorber is placed on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, the heat absorber is preferably a plate heat exchanger (as shown in fig. 5), or a cooling user is directly connected to the pipeline of the refrigerant water system as the heat absorber (as shown in fig. 6); if the heat absorber is disposed above the head tank, the heat absorber employs a heat source tower (as shown in fig. 4) that extracts heat from the air. In fig. 1, the heat absorber 22 is installed inside the evaporation container 1, and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger integrated with the evaporation container is used, and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe of a heat source of the heat absorber through a water inlet pipe 9 and a water outlet pipe 10 of the heat absorber, respectively.
The heat source communicated with the heat absorber 22 can be underground water source, soil water source, surface water source, sewage source, other production or living waste heat water source or outdoor air; if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is outdoor air, the system is an air source heat pump unit; if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is chilled water from a cooling user, the system is a combined cooling and heating unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the system of the present invention as a water chiller, and an embodiment of the system in which a heat absorbing device is disposed inside an evaporation container, which is different from the structure of fig. 1 in that the system does not include the steam heat utilization unit 2. The water chilling unit comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water supplementing device 11 and a liquid level adjusting device 34 for adjusting refrigeration temperature; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank 4, a siphon starting pump 6, an evaporation container 1, a low-level water tank 3 and a heat absorption device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank 3 is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank 4 through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump 5 is arranged on the pipeline; an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump 6 is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank 4, and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container 1; a pipe leading from the evaporation vessel 1 to the low level water tank 3 is inserted below the liquid level in the low level water tank 3; an exhaust valve 8 is arranged at the top of the evaporation container 1; the refrigerant vapor system includes a vapor compressor 7, a vapor evacuation tube 31, and a vapor evacuation valve 30 mounted on the evacuation line. The evaporation vessel 1 is provided with a heat sink 22 inside, which is combined with the evaporation vessel 1 to form a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
When the system is started as a water chilling unit, the heat source of the heat absorption device 22 is communicated firstly, so that the heat absorption device in the refrigerant water system is in a working state; opening an exhaust valve 8, starting a siphon starting pump 6 and an internal circulating pump 5, and closing the exhaust valve 8 and the siphon starting pump 6 when air in a pipeline between the high-level water tank 4, the evaporation container 1 and the low-level water tank 3 is exhausted and the pipeline is filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃ so that the refrigerant water in the pipeline flows under the siphon action; the liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank 4 and the low-level water tank 3 is made by using the automatic water replenishing device 11 and the internal circulating pump 5 2 The stability is between 1 and 10 meters; according to the target refrigeration temperature, the liquid level adjusting device 34 is utilized to adjust the height difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container within the range of 0-10.5 meters 1 ，h 1 Corresponding to the evaporation temperature one by one, the refrigerant water is in the range h 1 Corresponding negative pressure (-h) 1 Water column of rice) to form refrigerant water vapor when h 1 When the pressure is close to 0 meter, the negative pressure value is close to 0 meter of water column, and the corresponding evaporation temperature is close to 100 ℃; when h is present 1 When the pressure is close to 10.5 meters, the negative pressure value is close to 10.5 meters of water column, and the corresponding evaporation temperature is close to 0 ℃; starting the steam compressor 7 to make the refrigerant steam boost under the action of the steam compressor, opening the steam emptying valve 30 to make the refrigerant steam pass through the steamThe steam emptying pipe 31 is discharged into the atmosphere; the water acts as a refrigerant and the heat required for its evaporation is provided by a heat sink 22 embedded in the evaporation vessel 1. The heat source (the cryogenic low-temperature heat source) communicated with the heat absorber 22 is a water source, water in the water source exchanges heat with refrigerant water, the temperature of the water from the water source is reduced along with the evaporation of the refrigerant water, and chilled water is formed and supplied to a cooling user, namely, a water inlet pipe 9 and a water outlet pipe 10 of the heat absorber are respectively connected with a water return pipe and a water supply pipe of the chilled water of the cooling user, so that the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are used as a water chilling unit. The water is used as refrigerant to prepare the freezing water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃.
The water chilling unit based on the siphon principle can be used as a substitute product of various water chilling units for refrigeration in the market at present, has the advantages of simple structure (without complex equipment such as a condenser and a cooling tower and a matching system), wide refrigeration temperature range, high theoretical efficiency and the like compared with a conventional water chilling unit, can also be used as a substitute product of a 0-100 ℃ cooling heat extraction system existing in the industrial field at present, and has the advantages of wide water temperature regulation range, convenience in regulation, weather independence and the like, no need of a cooling tower and a matching system and the like compared with a common industrial heat extraction system.
Example 1:
to obtain the temperature T of the supplied water cg Temperature of =7 ℃ and backwater temperature T ch Taking chilled water at temperature of =12 ℃ as an example, taking the atmospheric pressure as P o =0.101325MPa, heat exchange temperature difference dT between refrigerant water and chilled water e =1 ℃, and under a stable working condition, the method for determining the main operating parameters of the water chilling unit comprises the following steps:
evaporation temperature T of refrigerant water e : T e =T cg -dT e =7-1=6℃。
According to T e =6 ℃, look at the water and water vapour thermal properties chart (second edition) available: vaporization pressure P of refrigerant water e =0.0009352MPa, latent heat of vaporization r e =2486.3kJ/kg, enthalpy after vaporization h e =2511.55kJ/kg; because 1MPa is equal to 103.36 m water column approximately, the level difference of the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation containerh 1 =(P o -P e ) 103.36=10.376 m; evacuation pressure P of refrigerant vapor d It is required to reach more than 1 standard atmospheric pressure, and the residual pressure value is not taken to be 5kPa, so that: p is d =P o +0.005=0.106325mpa; according to P d Looking up the chart of thermodynamic properties of water and steam (second edition) can obtain the enthalpy value h when the refrigerant is exhausted d =2677.85kJ/kg。
The theoretical refrigeration coefficient C of the water chilling unit can be calculated according to the above ci ：C ci =r e /(h d -h e ) 2486.3/(2677.85-2511.55) =14.95; by contrast, the theoretical refrigeration coefficient of conventional vapor compression cycle refrigeration is C according to the reverse Carnot cycle principle ci_tra And = 273.15+ 6)/(40-6) =8.21 (where 40 is the condensation temperature and is not a conventional value), and the difference is obvious.
Liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 Corresponding water pressure (h) 2 Metric water column) for overcoming the flow resistance of the refrigerant water from the high-level tank to the low-level tank, which includes the resistance of the pipe section from the high-level tank to the evaporation container, the resistance in the evaporation container, and the resistance of the pipe section from the evaporation container to the low-level tank, according to the structure shown in fig. 2; the values of the components are respectively as follows according to the conventional method: 1 meter water column, 3 meters water column, 1 meter water column, and the total resistance is then 5 meters water column, i.e., h 2 =5 m.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a schematic structure of the system of the present invention as a combined heat and cold supply unit or a water-source heat pump type heat supply unit, and an embodiment in which a heat absorbing device is provided inside an evaporation vessel, unlike fig. 1, in which a steam heat utilizing unit 2 is a necessary component. The system comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device 11 and a liquid level adjusting device 34 for adjusting the refrigeration temperature; the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank 4, a siphon starting pump 6, an evaporation container 1, a low-level water tank 3 and a heat absorption device 22 for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank 3 is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank 4 through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump 5 is arranged on the pipeline; an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump 6 is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank 4, and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container 1; a pipe leading from the evaporation vessel 1 to the low level water tank 3 is inserted below the liquid level in the low level water tank 3; an exhaust valve 8 is arranged at the top of the evaporation container 1; the refrigerant steam system comprises a steam compressor 7, a steam emptying pipe 31 and a steam heat utilization unit 2 in sequence; a steam evacuation valve 30 is attached to the steam evacuation pipe, and a steam heat utilization unit open/close valve 29 is attached to the inlet pipe of the steam heat utilization unit 2. The evaporation vessel 1 is provided with a heat sink 22 inside, which is combined with the evaporation vessel 1 to form a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
When the cold and heat combined supply unit or the water source heat pump type heat supply unit based on the siphon principle is started, the exhaust valve 8 is opened, and the siphon starting pump 6 and the internal circulating pump 5 are started; when the air in the pipeline among the high-level water tank 4, the evaporation container 1 and the low-level water tank 3 is exhausted and the pipeline is filled with the refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃, the exhaust valve 8 and the siphon start pump 5 are closed, so that the refrigerant water in the pipeline flows under the siphon action; simultaneously, an automatic water replenishing device 11 and an internal circulating pump 5 are utilized to ensure that the liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank 4 and the low-level water tank 3 2 The stability is between 1 and 10 meters; according to the heat source temperature of the heat absorption device 22, the level difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container is adjusted by the liquid level adjusting device 34 1 In the range of 0-10.5 m, make the refrigerant water be in contact with h 1 Vaporizing under corresponding negative pressure to form refrigerant water vapor; h is 1 Corresponding to the evaporation temperature one by one when h 1 When the pressure is close to 0 meter, the negative pressure value is close to 0 meter of water column, and the corresponding evaporation temperature is close to 100 ℃; when h is generated 1 When the pressure is close to 10.5 meters, the negative pressure value is close to 10.5 meters of water column, and the corresponding evaporation temperature is close to 0 ℃; starting a steam compressor 7 to enable the water vapor of the refrigerant to be boosted under the action of the steam compressor, and closing a steam emptying valve 30; the steam heat utilization unit switch valve 29 is opened, so that the vaporized and boosted steam is supplied to the steam heat utilization unit 2 and is used as a heat supply unit or a combined cooling and heating unit. Water is used as refrigerant, and the heat required by evaporation is generated by the heat embedded in the evaporation container 1A heat sink 22 is provided. The heat source (the low-temperature heat source for refrigeration) connected with the heat absorber 22 is chilled water, that is, the heat absorber water inlet pipe 9 and the heat absorber water outlet pipe 10 are respectively connected with a water return pipe and a water supply pipe of chilled water for cooling users; the system can supply heat while preparing chilled water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃, namely, supply heating water with the temperature of 25 ℃ to 95 ℃, or prepare steam with the pressure of 0.1MPa to 1.2MPa, or prepare domestic hot water with the temperature of 40 ℃ to 70 ℃ and the like.
The cold and heat combined supply unit or the water source heat pump type heat supply unit based on the siphon principle can be used as a water chilling unit and can realize heat supply in various forms, has all the advantages of the embodiment 1, has the advantages of flexible heat supply mode, high heat supply grade and the like, can be used as a substitute product of various water source heat pump units in the market at present, can also be used as a substitute product of a cooling heat extraction system with the temperature of 0-100 ℃ in the industrial field at present, and can realize high-efficiency utilization of industrial waste heat while realizing heat extraction.
Example 2: to obtain the supply water temperature T cg Temperature of not less than 7 deg.C and return water temperature T ch Chilled water of =12 ℃, and the supply water temperature T is prepared by adopting the steam heat utilization unit shown in figure 8c wg =50 ℃ and backwater temperature T wh In the case of domestic hot water at 45 ℃, the refrigerant vapor entering the vapor heat utilization unit 2 first enters the hot water heat exchanger 18, exchanges heat with the domestic hot water, condenses, and is then recycled. The temperature of the domestic hot water entering the hot water heat exchanger 18 is 45 ℃, and the temperature of the domestic hot water leaving the hot water heat exchanger 18 is 50 ℃; taking the atmospheric pressure as P o =0.101325MPa, heat exchange temperature difference dT between refrigerant water and chilled water e =1 ℃, under a stable working condition, the method for determining the main operating parameters of the combined cooling and heating unit is as follows:
evaporation temperature T of refrigerant water e ：T e =T cg -dT e =7-1=6℃。
According to T e =6 ℃, look at water and water vapour thermodynamic properties diagram (second edition) can obtain: vaporization pressure P of refrigerant water e =0.0009352MPa, latent heat of vaporization r e =2486.3kJ/kg, enthalpy after vaporization h e =2511.55kJ/kg; because 1MPa is approximately equal to 103.36 meters of water column, the height difference h of the liquid level of the head tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container 1 =(P o -P e ) 103.36=10.376 m; pressure P of refrigerant steam entering steam heat utilization unit u The resistance of the hot water heat exchanger 18 in the steam heat utilizing unit needs to be overcome without exceeding 5kPa above atmospheric pressure, so that: p is u =P o +0.005=0.106325mpa; according to P u Looking up the chart of thermodynamic properties of water and steam (second edition) can obtain the enthalpy value h of the steam in the steam heat utilization unit u =2677.85kJ/kg。
According to the method, the theoretical refrigeration coefficient C of the combined cooling and heating unit can be calculated ci ：C ci =r e /(h d -h e ) 2486.3/(2677.85-2511.55) =14.95; correspondingly, the theoretical heating coefficient C of the combined cooling and heating unit hi =1+ C ci =1+14.95=15.95; by contrast, the theoretical refrigeration coefficient of conventional vapor compression cycle refrigeration is C according to the reverse Carnot cycle principle ci_tra = (273.15 + 6)/(40-6) =8.21 (in the formula, "40" is condensation temperature and is taken as a conventional value), and the theoretical heating coefficient is C hi_tra =1+C ci_tra =1+8.21=9.21, and the difference is obvious.
Liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 Corresponding water pressure (h) 2 Metric water column) for overcoming the flow resistance of the refrigerant water from the high level tank to the low level tank, which includes the resistance of the pipe section from the high level tank to the evaporation container, the resistance in the evaporation container, and the resistance of the pipe section from the evaporation container to the low level tank, according to the structure shown in fig. 3; the values of the components are respectively as follows according to the conventional method: 1 meter water column, 3 meters water column, 1 meter water column, and the total resistance is then 5 meters water column, i.e., h 2 =5 meters.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption device of the air source heat pump type heat supply unit of the present invention, which adopts a heat source tower and is disposed above a high-level water tank. This system differs from the configuration of figure 3 in that the heat sink 22 is located above the head tank and takes the form of a heat source tower that extracts heat from the air. In the heat source tower, the temperature of refrigerant water is increased after heat-moisture exchange with outdoor air, then the refrigerant water flows into the high-level water tank 4 and flows into the evaporation container 1 under the action of siphon, the refrigerant water is vaporized in the evaporation container 1 under high negative pressure close to the absolute pressure of 0MPa, and negative pressure water vapor is boosted to the absolute pressure of more than 0.101325MPa by the vapor compressor 7 and is supplied to the vapor heat utilization unit 2 so as to meet different heat load requirements. In order to prevent the water from freezing, a proper amount of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc. may be added to the water as the refrigerant.
The air source heat pump type heat supply unit based on the siphon principle can meet the heat load requirements of different grades by combining different heat supply devices, such as preparation of hot water circulating water with the temperature of more than 25 ℃ to 100 ℃; supplying domestic hot water of 40-70 deg.C; steam is supplied at an absolute pressure of 0.1MPa to 1.2MPa, etc. The air source heat pump type heat supply unit based on the siphon principle can be used as a substitute product of common air source heat pumps and heat source tower heat pump systems in the market at present.
Example 3: the water supply temperature T is obtained by using the steam heat utilization unit shown in FIG. 8a at the same time of 7 ℃ of outdoor air temperature and 70% of relative humidity hg =50 ℃ and backwater temperature T hh Heating circulating water of =40 ℃ is taken as an example, in this case, refrigerant steam entering the steam heat utilization unit 2 firstly enters the heating heat exchanger 12, exchanges heat with the heating circulating water, condenses, and is recycled, the temperature of the heating circulating water entering the heating heat exchanger 12 is 40 ℃, and the temperature of the heating circulating water leaving the heating heat exchanger 12 is 50 ℃. Taking the atmospheric pressure P o =0.101325MPa, and under a stable working condition, the calculation method and specific numerical values of the main operating parameters of the air source heat pump type heat supply unit are as follows:
outdoor air dew point temperature T l : according to the dry bulb temperature of 7 ℃ and the relative humidity of 70%, checking a moisture air enthalpy-humidity diagram to obtain: t is a unit of l =1.9℃。
The evaporation temperature T of the refrigerant water (namely the outlet water temperature of the heat source tower) e : to ensure moisture in the outdoor airTotal energy of condensation and heat release, requirement T e Below the dew point temperature of the outdoor air, taking: t is a unit of e =1℃。
According to T e =1 ℃, look at water and water vapour thermodynamic properties diagram (second edition) can obtain: vaporization pressure P of refrigerant water e =0.0006571MPa, latent heat of vaporization r e =2498.2kJ/kg, enthalpy after vaporization is h e =2502.35kJ/kg; because 1MPa is equal to 103.36 m water column approximately, the level difference h between the liquid level of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface of the evaporation container 1 =(P o -P e ) 103.36=10.4 meters; pressure P of refrigerant water vapor entering steam heat utilization unit u The resistance of the heating heat exchanger 12 in the steam heat utilization unit needs to be overcome, and the pressure does not exceed 5kPa above atmospheric pressure, so that: p u =P o +0.005=0.106325mpa; according to P u Looking up the chart of thermodynamic properties of water and steam (second edition) can obtain the enthalpy value h of steam as refrigerant enters the steam heat utilization unit u =2677.85kJ/kg。
According to the method, the theoretical heating coefficient C of the air source heat pump unit can be calculated hi ：C hi = 1+r e /( h u -h e ) = 1+2498.2/(2677.85-2502.35) =15.23; by contrast, the theoretical heating coefficient of a conventional air source heat pump is C according to the reverse Carnot cycle principle hi_tra =1+ (273.15+1)/(55-1) =6.08 (the condensation temperature must be higher than the heating water temperature, and does not take 55 ℃), so that the difference between the two temperatures is obvious.
Liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 Corresponding water pressure (h) 2 Metric water column) for overcoming the flow resistance of the refrigerant water from the high-level tank to the low-level tank, which includes the resistance of the pipe section from the high-level tank to the evaporation container, the resistance in the evaporation container, and the resistance of the pipe section from the evaporation container to the low-level tank, according to the structure shown in fig. 4; the values of the components are respectively as follows according to the conventional method: 1 meter water column, and the total resistance is 3 meters water column, i.e., h 2 =3 m.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the system is substantially the same in structure, except that the heat absorber means 22 is different in structure and location. The heat required to be absorbed by the evaporation of water as refrigerant is provided by a heat sink, the heat provided by the heat sink is from a heat source connected with the heat sink, such as chilled water, outdoor air, various water sources (underground water source, soil source, surface water source, sewage source, and waste heat water source for production or life), and the like, and the heat sink can be installed at different positions of the system according to different application requirements and can adopt a plurality of different specific forms.
Fig. 8a to 8d are schematic structural diagrams of the steam heat utilization unit as a heating unit, a steam supply unit, a domestic hot water supply unit and a domestic hot water supply unit, respectively.
When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as a heating unit 23 (as shown in fig. 8 a), the heating unit includes a heating heat exchanger 12, a heating water inlet pipe 13, a heating water outlet pipe 14 and a condensate recovery device 15; the water vapor discharged by the vapor compressor 7 is connected to the heating heat exchanger 12, and is recycled by the condensed water recycling device 15 after exchanging heat with the heating circulating water. The water inlet and the water outlet on the other side of the heating heat exchanger 12 are respectively connected with a heating water inlet pipe 13 and a heating water outlet pipe 14. Can prepare heating water with various water temperatures required by common heating, namely heating water with the temperature of 25-95 ℃.
When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as the steam supply unit 24 (as shown in fig. 8 b), the water vapor discharged from the steam compressor 7 is connected to the steam supply compressor 16, and the water vapor discharged from the steam compressor 7 is compressed to the required steam pressure and temperature by the steam supply compressor 16 and is supplied to the steam consuming point through the steam supply pipe 17. Can prepare steam of 0.1MPa to 1.2 MPa.
When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as a domestic hot water supply unit 25 (as shown in fig. 8 c), in the domestic hot water supply unit 25, the steam discharged from the steam compressor 7 is connected to the hot water heat exchanger 18, and the condensed water after heat exchange enters the condensed water recovery device 15 for recovery and utilization. The other side and the water outlet of the hot water heat exchanger 18 are respectively connected with a domestic hot water inlet pipe 19 and a domestic hot water outlet pipe 20, and the typical working conditions are that the inlet water temperature is 45 ℃ and the outlet water temperature is 50 ℃.
When the steam heat utilization unit 2 is used as the domestic hot water supply unit 26 (as shown in fig. 8 d), it can supply domestic hot water and other hot water of 25-100 ℃. In the domestic hot water supply unit 26, the water vapor discharged from the vapor compressor 7 is connected to the heat-insulating water spray chamber 27, and is mixed with the domestic hot water from the domestic hot water inlet pipe 19 and then supplied to the domestic hot water user through the domestic hot water outlet pipe 20. The heat preservation water spraying chamber 27 needs to be provided with an automatic water replenishing device 11. The mixing ratio is determined by the required domestic hot water temperature.
The components in the system shown in the figures and in the embodiments are conventional devices unless otherwise specified, and a plurality of components can be configured to operate in parallel or in series according to requirements. The vapor compressor 7 and the vapor supply compressor 16 may be electrically driven in the form of a centrifugal compressor, a screw compressor, or the like, or may be electrically non-driven in the form of a vapor jet pump or the like.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an air conditioner refrigeration heating system based on siphon principle which characterized in that: the system comprises a refrigerant water system, a refrigerant steam system, an automatic water replenishing device (11) and a liquid level adjusting device (34); the refrigerant water system comprises a high-level water tank (4), a siphon starting pump (6), an evaporation container (1), a low-level water tank (3) and a heat absorption device (22) for providing heat required by refrigerant evaporation; the bottom water outlet of the low-level water tank is connected with the upper water inlet of the high-level water tank through a pipeline, and an internal circulating pump (5) is arranged on the pipeline; an inlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump (6) is inserted below the liquid level in the high-level water tank (4), and an outlet pipeline of the siphon starting pump is connected with the evaporation container (1); a pipeline leading from the evaporation container (1) to the low-level water tank (3) is inserted below the liquid level in the low-level water tank (3); an exhaust valve (8) is arranged at the top of the evaporation container (1); the refrigerant steam system sequentially comprises a steam compressor (7), a steam emptying pipe (31) and a steam heat utilization unit (2), wherein the steam emptying pipe (31) is provided with a steam emptying valve (30); a steam heat utilization unit switch valve (29) is mounted on an inlet pipe of the steam heat utilization unit (2).
2. An iris-based base as in claim 1Inhale air conditioner refrigeration heating system of principle, its characterized in that: the level difference h between the liquid level (21 b) of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface (28) of the evaporation container 1 Is 0-10.5 m; liquid level difference h between high level water tank and low level water tank 2 Is 1-10 m.
3. An air conditioning cooling and heating system based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid level adjusting device (34) comprises a liquid level meter and a variable volume air bag and is arranged on the high-level water tank (4).
4. An air conditioning cooling and heating system based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic water replenishing device (11) is arranged on the low-level water tank (3).
5. An air conditioning cooling and heating system based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heat absorption device (22) is arranged in the evaporation container (1), the low-level water tank (3) or the high-level water tank (4), or arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, or arranged above the high-level water tank.
6. An air conditioning cooling and heating system based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: if the heat absorption device (22) is arranged in the evaporation container, the heat absorption device (22) adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is integrated with the evaporation container; if the heat absorption device (22) is arranged in the high-level water tank or the low-level water tank, the heat absorption device adopts a floating disc tubular heat exchanger; if the heat absorption device (22) is arranged on any connecting pipeline of the refrigerant water system, the heat absorption device adopts a plate type heat exchanger, or a cooling user is taken as the heat absorption device and is directly connected to the pipeline of the refrigerant water system; if the heat absorber is arranged above the high-level water tank, the heat absorber adopts a heat source tower for taking heat from the air.
7. An air conditioning cooling and heating system based on siphon principle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the steam heat utilization unit (2) adopts one or a combination of a plurality of heating units (23) connected with common heating users, a steam supply unit (24) connected with steam demand users, a domestic hot water supply unit (25) connected with domestic hot water users and a domestic hot water making and supplying unit (26) connected with domestic hot water users.
8. An operation method of an air conditioning refrigerating and heating system based on siphon principle according to any of claims 1-7, wherein when the system is used only as a cold water unit, the operation method comprises the following steps:
1) A heat source communicated with the heat absorption device (22) to enable the heat absorption device in the refrigerant water system to be in a working state;
2) Opening an exhaust valve (8), starting a siphon starting pump (6) and an internal circulating pump (5), and closing the exhaust valve (8) and the siphon starting pump (6) when air in pipelines among the high-level water tank (4), the evaporation container (1) and the low-level water tank (3) is exhausted and the pipelines are filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃ so that the refrigerant water in the pipelines flows under the siphon action;
3) The liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is made by using an automatic water replenishing device (11) and an internal circulating pump (5) 2 The stability is between 1 and 10 meters;
4) According to the target refrigeration temperature, a liquid level adjusting device (34) is utilized to adjust the level difference h between the liquid level (21 b) of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface (28) of the evaporation container within the range of 0-10.5 meters 1 Allowing the refrigerant water to react with the refrigerant water 1 Vaporizing under corresponding negative pressure to form refrigerant water vapor;
5) Starting a steam compressor (7) to enable the refrigerant steam to be boosted under the action of the steam compressor, closing a steam heat utilization unit switch valve (29), opening a steam emptying valve (30), and discharging the refrigerant steam into the atmosphere through a steam emptying pipe (31);
6) The heat source communicated with the heat absorption device (22) adopts a water source, so that the water in the water source and the refrigerant water exchange heat, the temperature of the water from the water source is reduced along with the evaporation of the refrigerant water, and the formed chilled water is supplied to a cooling user and is used as a water chilling unit.
9. An operation method of an air conditioning refrigerating and heating system based on the siphon principle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when the system is used as a heating unit or a combined cooling and heating unit, the operation method comprises the following steps:
1) A heat source communicated with the heat absorption device (22) to enable the heat absorption device in the refrigerant water system to be in a working state;
2) Opening an exhaust valve (8), and starting a siphon starting pump (6) and an internal circulating pump (5); when the air in the pipeline among the high-level water tank (4), the evaporation container (1) and the low-level water tank (3) is exhausted and the pipeline is filled with refrigerant water with the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and less than 100 ℃, closing the exhaust valve (8) and the siphon starting pump (5) to enable the refrigerant water in the pipeline to flow under the siphon action;
3) The liquid level difference h between the high-level water tank and the low-level water tank is made by using an automatic water replenishing device (11) and an internal circulating pump (5) 2 The stability is between 1 and 10 meters;
4) According to the heat source temperature of the heat absorption device (22), the liquid level adjusting device (34) is utilized to adjust the level difference h between the liquid level (21 b) of the high-level water tank and the gas-liquid interface (28) of the evaporation container within the range of 0-10.5 meters 1 The refrigerant water is at the height difference h from the standard height 1 Vaporizing under corresponding negative pressure to form refrigerant water vapor;
5) The steam compressor (7) is started to enable the refrigerant steam to be boosted under the action of the steam compressor, the steam emptying valve (30) is closed, the steam heat utilization unit switch valve (29) is opened, and the refrigerant steam flows into the steam heat utilization unit (2) to be used as a heat supply unit or a combined cooling and heating unit.
10. An operation method of an air conditioning refrigeration and heat supply system based on the siphon principle as claimed in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that if the heat source communicated with the heat absorbing device (22) is a ground water source, a soil water source, a surface water source, a sewage source, a production or life waste heat water source, the system is used as a water source heat pump unit; if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is outdoor air, the system is used as an air source heat pump unit; if the heat source communicated with the heat absorption device is chilled water from a cooling user, the system is used as a combined cooling and heating unit.
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